Self-centering clamping mechanism and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-centering clamping mechanism and a control method thereof.The self-centering clamping mechanism comprises a chuck, a clamping mechanism and an air cylinder, the chuck comprises a chuck base, a chuck mounting plate, clamping blocks and a U-shaped base, the two clamping blocks are fixed to the U-shaped base, and the clamping mechanism comprises a movable end spring base, a fixed end spring base and a tension spring; an opening ejector rod is mounted at the bottom of the U-shaped seat close to the movable end spring seat, and an air cylinder is arranged on the opposite side of the opening ejector rod; a guide sliding rail is installed on the bottom face of the chuck installation plate, guide sliding blocks are installed at the two ends of the guide sliding rail, a synchronous middle shaft is arranged in the middle of the guide sliding rail, tightly attached to the guide sliding rail and slides, the synchronous middle shaft is connected with synchronous arms on the two sides, and the ends of the synchronous arms are connected with the movable ends of synchronous connection adjusting sleeves. The other end of the synchronous connection adjusting sleeve is fixed to the bottom face of a sliding plate which is installed below the guide sliding block. According to the mechanism, a workpiece can be rapidly positioned in the center, action is achieved through a pneumatic element without a motor, and the clamping force can be guaranteed when the clamping mechanism moves and does not act through an air cylinder so that use can be convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a self-centering clamping mechanism, in particular to a self-centering clamping mechanism and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The diameter of the workpiece varies greatly, and the center needs to be quickly located. During the positioning process, the concentricity of the workpiece needs to be ensured. However, the manual clamping method cannot open automatically; the motor-driven method is slow, and due to the limitations of the current production environment, the motor cannot move more quickly.

[0003] Therefore, the clamping range of standard pneumatic chucks is limited and cannot meet usage requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that a workpiece cannot be quickly positioned at its center, the present invention provides a self-centering clamping mechanism and a control method thereof.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A self-centering clamping mechanism comprises a chuck, a clamping mechanism and a cylinder, wherein the clamping mechanism is installed on the chuck, and the cylinder is placed on one side of the chuck; the chuck comprises a chuck base, a chuck mounting plate, a clamping block and a U-shaped seat, the chuck mounting plate is installed on the chuck base, a clamping block A and a clamping block B are installed on the left and right sides of the chuck mounting plate, U-shaped seats are arranged on the outer sides of the two clamping blocks at both ends of the chuck mounting plate, and the two clamping blocks are fixed on the U-shaped seat, a synchronous shaft is connected between the clamping block A and the clamping block B, the clamping mechanism comprises a movable end spring seat, a fixed end spring seat and a tension spring, and movable end springs are installed at both ends of the bottom surface of the chuck mounting plate A movable end spring seat and a fixed end spring seat, a tension spring is arranged between the movable end spring seat and the fixed end spring seat, an opening push rod is installed at the bottom of the U-shaped seat close to the movable end spring seat side, and a cylinder is placed on the opposite side of the opening push rod; a guide slide rail is installed on the bottom surface of the chuck mounting plate, guide sliders are installed at both ends of the guide slide rail, a synchronous central axis is arranged in the middle of the guide slide rail, the synchronous central axis slides tightly on the guide slide rail, the synchronous central axis is connected to the synchronous arms on both sides, the end of the synchronous arm is connected to the movable end of the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve, the other end of the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve is fixed to the bottom surface of the slide plate, and the slide plate is installed below the guide slider.

[0006] Furthermore, the chuck mounting plate and the slide plate are located in the groove of the U-shaped seat.

[0007] Furthermore, the cylinder is fixed on a cylinder fixing seat.

[0008] Furthermore, detection switches are installed on both U-shaped seats.

[0009] Furthermore, the chuck clamping block adopts a V-shaped structure.

[0010] A control method for a self-centering clamping mechanism comprises the following steps: S1, the cylinder is actuated, the piston rod of the cylinder is pushed out to the open ejector rod, a U-shaped seat for fixing the open ejector rod is pushed open, the clamping block on the U-shaped seat is opened, and the middle synchronous shaft connects the clamping blocks on both sides to move simultaneously, ensuring the synchronization of movement and achieving concentric clamping of the workpiece; S2. There is a tension spring between the movable end spring seat and the fixed end spring seat at both ends of the chuck mounting plate. The tension spring is stretched, and the guide sliders on both sides of the chuck mounting plate slide with guide rails. A slide plate is installed under the guide slider. A synchronous central axis is provided in the middle of the guide rail. A synchronous arm is installed on the synchronous central axis. The synchronous arm is connected to the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve. The synchronous connection adjustment sleeve is connected to the slide plate. The length of the adjustment sleeve can be adjusted to correct the moving distance of the clamping block at the corresponding position. S3. After the cylinder retracts, the tension springs on both sides make the clamping blocks on both sides move synchronously, clamping the workpiece and making it concentric; S4. After the cylinder retracts and disengages from the clamping mechanism, the detection switch on the clamping mechanism detects a signal. After detecting the presence of a workpiece, the clamping mechanism can move to the next station.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The mechanism of the present invention can quickly locate the center of the workpiece. The self-centering clamping mechanism of the present invention is composed of a fixed chuck, a cylinder and a clamping mechanism. After the cylinder pushes the open push rod, it pushes the clamping block of the chuck to open; the chuck clamping blocks on both sides are connected by a middle synchronous shaft to move simultaneously, ensuring synchronization of movement and achieving concentric clamping; (2) Because the power source cylinder cannot move with the movement, the clamping block uses a tension spring as the source of clamping force to provide clamping force when the cylinder retracts. The pneumatic components are used to achieve the action without a motor. The pneumatic components do not need to move with the movement when moving. The clamping mechanism can ensure the clamping force when there is no cylinder action when moving, which is convenient for use. (3) There is a synchronous connection adjustment sleeve on the left and right sides of the lower part of the guide rail, which can avoid the problem of misalignment caused by processing and installation errors. The present invention can adapt to workpieces of any size within the range of φ60-φ300mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of the present invention; Figure 3 A bottom view of the present invention; Figure 4 is a side view of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a bottom schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0013] In the figure: 1. chuck base; 2. chuck mounting plate; 3. clamping block A; 4. clamping block B; 5. movable end spring seat; 6. fixed end spring seat; 7. tension spring; 8. guide rail; 9. guide slide block; 10. synchronous center axis; 11. synchronous arm; 12. synchronous connection adjustment sleeve; 13. slide plate; 14. U-shaped seat; 15. open push rod; 16. cylinder; 17. detection switch; 18. synchronous shaft; 19. cylinder fixing seat. Implementation

[0014] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] See also Figure 1-5 , a self-centering clamping mechanism of the present invention comprises a chuck, a clamping mechanism and a cylinder 16, the clamping mechanism is mounted on the chuck, and the cylinder is placed on one side of the chuck; The chuck includes a chuck base 1, a chuck mounting plate 2, a clamping block and a U-shaped seat 14. The chuck mounting plate 2 is mounted on the chuck base 1. The clamping blocks A3 and B4 are mounted on the left and right sides of the chuck mounting plate 2. The U-shaped seats 14 are arranged at the two ends of the chuck mounting plate 2 outside the two clamping blocks. The two clamping blocks are fixed on the U-shaped seat 14. A synchronous shaft 18 is connected between the clamping block A3 and the clamping block B4. The clamping mechanism comprises a movable end spring seat 5, a fixed end spring seat 6 and a tension spring 7. The movable end spring seat 5 and the fixed end spring seat 6 are installed at both ends of the bottom surface of the chuck mounting plate 2. The tension spring 7 is arranged between the movable end spring seat 5 and the fixed end spring seat 6. An opening push rod 15 is installed at the bottom of the U-shaped seat 14 close to the side of the movable end spring seat 5. A cylinder 16 is placed on the opposite side of the opening push rod 15. A guide rail 8 is installed on the bottom surface of the chuck mounting plate 2, and guide sliders 9 are installed at both ends of the guide rail 8. A synchronous central axis 10 is set in the middle of the guide rail 8. The synchronous central axis 10 slides closely on the guide rail 8. The synchronous central axis 10 is connected to the synchronous arms 11 on both sides. The ends of the synchronous arms 11 are connected to one movable end of the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve 12. The other end of the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve 12 is fixed to the bottom surface of the slide plate 13, and the slide plate 13 is installed below the guide slider 9.

[0016] The chuck mounting plate 2 and the slide plate 13 are located in the groove of the U-shaped seat 14 .

[0017] The cylinder 16 is fixed on a cylinder fixing seat 19 .

[0018] Detection switches 17 are installed on both U-shaped seats 14 .

[0019] The chuck clamping block adopts a V-shaped structure, which can adapt to the self-centering requirements of workpieces of various sizes.

[0020] A control method for a self-centering clamping mechanism comprises the following steps: S1, the cylinder 16 is actuated, the piston rod of the cylinder 16 is pushed out to the open push rod 15, a U-shaped seat 14 for fixing the open push rod 15 is pushed open, the clamping block on the U-shaped seat 14 is opened, and the middle synchronous shaft 18 connects the clamping blocks on both sides to move simultaneously, ensuring the synchronization of movement and achieving concentric clamping of the workpiece; S2, there is a tension spring 7 between the movable end spring seat 5 and the fixed end spring seat 6 at both ends of the chuck mounting plate 2, the tension spring 7 is stretched, the guide sliders 9 on both sides of the chuck mounting plate 2 slide with the guide rails 8, a slide plate 13 is installed under the guide slider 9, a synchronous central axis 10 is provided in the middle of the guide rail 8, a synchronous arm 11 is installed on the synchronous central axis 10, the synchronous arm 11 is connected to the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve 12, the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve 12 is connected to the slide plate 13, and the length of the adjustment sleeve 12 can be adjusted to correct the moving distance of the clamping block at the corresponding position; S3, after the cylinder retracts, the tension springs 7 on both sides make the clamping blocks on both sides move synchronously, clamping the workpiece and making it concentric; S4. After the cylinder retracts and disengages from the clamping mechanism, the detection switch 17 on the clamping mechanism detects a signal. After detecting the presence of a workpiece, the clamping mechanism can move to the next station.

[0021] The self-centering clamping mechanism is composed of a fixed chuck, a cylinder and a clamping mechanism. After the cylinder pushes the open push rod, it pushes the clamping block of the chuck to open.

[0022] In order to ensure self-concentricity, a middle synchronous shaft is used to connect the chuck clamping blocks on both sides to move simultaneously, ensuring synchronization of movement and achieving concentric clamping.

[0023] The guide slide blocks on both sides slide with guide rails, which can effectively guide and ensure accuracy.

[0024] Because the power source cylinder cannot follow the movement, the clamping block adopts a tension spring as the source of clamping force to provide clamping force when the cylinder retracts.

[0025] Detection switches are installed on both sides of the chuck to detect whether there is a workpiece in the clamping mechanism.

[0026] In order to avoid the problem of eccentricity of clamping caused by processing and installation errors, there is a synchronous connection adjustment sleeve on the left and right sides of the lower part. By adjusting the length of the adjustment sleeve, the moving distance of the clamping block at the corresponding position can be corrected respectively.

[0027] Control principle: 1. After the clamping mechanism moves to the position, the cylinder in the fixed position extends to support the opening push rod, and the chuck clamping block is opened by moving the opening push rod.

[0028] 2. After the cylinder retracts, the tension springs on both sides make the clamping blocks of the chucks on both sides move synchronously, clamping the workpiece and making it concentric.

[0029] 3. After the cylinder retracts and disengages from the clamping mechanism, the detection signal on the clamping mechanism is activated. After the workpiece is detected, the clamping mechanism can move to the next station.

[0030] The mechanism of the present invention can quickly locate the center of the workpiece, and the action is realized by pneumatic elements without a motor, and the pneumatic elements do not need to move with the movement; when the clamping mechanism moves without the action of the cylinder, the clamping force can be guaranteed for easy use, and the present invention can adapt to workpieces of any size within the range of φ60-φ300mm.

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-centering clamping mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a chuck, a clamping mechanism and a cylinder (16), wherein the clamping mechanism is installed on the chuck and the cylinder is placed on one side of the chuck; the chuck comprises a chuck base (1), a chuck mounting plate (2), a clamping block and a U-shaped seat (14), wherein the chuck mounting plate (2) is installed on the chuck base (1), a clamping block A (3) and a clamping block B (4) are installed on the left and right sides of the chuck mounting plate (2), U-shaped seats (14) are arranged at the two ends of the chuck mounting plate (2) on the outside of the two clamping blocks, and the two clamping blocks are fixed on the U-shaped seat (14), a synchronous shaft (18) is connected between the clamping block A (3) and the clamping block B (4), the clamping mechanism comprises a movable end spring seat (5), a fixed end spring seat (6) and a tension spring (7), and the movable end spring seat (5) and the fixed end spring seat (6) are installed at the two ends of the bottom surface of the chuck mounting plate (2), A tension spring (7) is arranged between the movable end spring seat (5) and the fixed end spring seat (6); an opening push rod (15) is installed at the bottom of the U-shaped seat (14) close to the movable end spring seat (5); and a cylinder (16) is placed on the opposite side of the opening push rod (15); a guide rail (8) is installed on the bottom surface of the chuck mounting plate (2); guide sliders (9) are installed at both ends of the guide rail (8); a synchronous central axis (10) is arranged in the middle of the guide rail (8); the synchronous central axis (10) slides closely on the guide rail (8); the synchronous central axis (10) is connected to the synchronous arms (11) on both sides; the ends of the synchronous arms (11) are connected to the movable end of the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve (12); the other end of the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve (12) is fixed to the bottom surface of the slide plate (13); and the slide plate (13) is installed below the guide slider (9).

2. A self-centering clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck mounting plate (2) and the slide plate (13) are located in a groove of the U-shaped seat (14).

3. A self-centering clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (16) is fixed on a cylinder fixing seat (19).

4. A self-centering clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Detection switches (17) are installed on both U-shaped seats (14).

5. A self-centering clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck clamping block adopts a V-shaped structure.

6. A control method for a self-centering clamping mechanism according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1, the cylinder (16) is actuated, the piston rod of the cylinder (16) is pushed out to the open push rod (15), a U-shaped seat (14) for fixing the open push rod (15) is pushed open, the clamping block on the U-shaped seat (14) is opened, and the middle synchronous shaft (18) connects the clamping blocks on both sides to move simultaneously, ensuring synchronization of movement and achieving concentric clamping of the workpiece; S2, a tension spring (7) is provided between the movable end spring seat (5) and the fixed end spring seat (6) at both ends of the chuck mounting plate (2), the tension spring (7) is stretched, the guide sliders (9) on both sides of the chuck mounting plate (2) slide using the guide rails (8), a slide plate (13) is installed below the guide slider (9), a synchronous center axis (10) is provided in the middle of the guide rail (8), a synchronous arm (11) is installed on the synchronous center axis (10), the synchronous arm (11) is connected to the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve (12), the synchronous connection adjustment sleeve (12) is connected to the slide plate (13), and the moving distance of the clamping block at the corresponding position can be corrected by adjusting the length of the adjustment sleeve (12); S3. After the cylinder retracts, the tension springs (7) on both sides cause the clamping blocks on both sides to move synchronously, clamping the workpiece and making it concentric; S4. After the cylinder retracts and disengages from the clamping mechanism, the detection switch (17) on the clamping mechanism detects a signal. After detecting the presence of a workpiece, the clamping mechanism can move to the next station.

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