Steel structure hoisting construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel structure hoisting construction method. A hoisting hole is formed in a hoisting tool of hoisting equipment in a penetrating mode, a hoisting rope is connected to a steel structure unit in a binding mode, a hoisting hook is installed on the hoisting rope, and a hook part of the hoisting hook is sleeved with a spring; one end of the spring close to the lifting rope is fixed with the lifting hook; then the hook part of the lifting hook penetrates through the lifting hole of the lifting appliance, the lifting appliance compresses the spring, and then the steel structure unit is lifted by the lifting equipment and transferred to the mounting position of the steel structure unit; then the lifting appliance is moved downwards through the lifting equipment, the steel structure unit is lowered to the installation position to be positioned, and finally the steel structure unit is locked and fixed to the installation position; when the friction force between the inner wall of the lifting hole of the lifting appliance and the lifting hook is smaller than the elastic force of the spring, the lifting appliance is pushed out of the lifting hook under the action of the elastic force of the spring, and the purpose of automatic unhooking of the lifting appliance is achieved; and by repeating the steps, the hoisting step of all the steel structure units is completed. The method has the effect of improving the smoothness of steel structure hoisting construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of steel structure hoisting, and in particular to a steel structure hoisting construction method. Background Art

[0002] Steel structure hoisting technology is the process of positioning, hoisting and installing prefabricated steel structure components through lifting equipment. It plays an important role in construction projects. The hoisting process needs to ensure the safety and stability of the project.

[0003] In the related art, an assembly bracket is set up at the designed position, and then the structural members are divided or blocked into small units or loose parts, and a crane is used to lift the horizontally placed steel structure to a vertical state, and the steel structure is transferred to the bracket for welding. Steel wire ropes are tied at the installation holes of the crane and the steel structure unit, and the steel wire ropes are used to connect with the hook of the crane. In actual lifting construction, after the steel structure unit is lifted to the designed position, it is necessary to manually climb the ladder to the connection position between the hook and the steel wire rope to unlock the connection, which makes the lifting process more cumbersome and affects the smoothness of the steel structure lifting construction, thereby resulting in low efficiency of the steel structure lifting construction. Therefore, there is still room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the fluency of steel structure hoisting construction, the present application provides a steel structure hoisting construction method.

[0005] The present application provides a steel structure hoisting construction method using the following technical solutions: A steel structure hoisting construction method comprises the following steps: S1: Preparation before lifting: Set lifting holes through the lifting device of the lifting equipment, tie the lifting rope to the steel structure unit, install the lifting hook on the lifting rope, and the hook of the lifting hook is covered with a spring; the spring is fixed to the hook at one end close to the lifting rope; S2: Hoisting construction: connect the hoisting device with the hook, pass the hook through the hoisting hole of the hoisting device, the hoisting device compresses the spring, and then the hoisting device lifts the hoisting device upwards to lift the steel structure unit and transfer it to the installation location of the steel structure unit; S3: Install the steel structure: The lifting equipment moves the lifting device downward, lowers the steel structure unit to the installation position for positioning, and finally locks the steel structure unit at the installation position; S4: Spreader unlocking: The lifting equipment continues to move the spreader downward. When the friction between the inner wall of the spreader's lifting hole and the hook is less than the elastic force of the spring, the spreader is pushed out of the hook under the elastic force of the spring, achieving the purpose of automatic unhooking of the spreader. S5: Repeat steps S2 to S4 to complete the hoisting steps of all steel structure units.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the sling of the lifting equipment is improved, a lifting hole is opened through the sling, a hook is installed at the lifting rope at the steel structure unit, and a spring is sleeved on the hook of the hook, wherein the spring is fixed to the hook at one end of the lifting rope. When the sling and the hook are connected, the hook of the hook passes through the lifting hole of the sling, and the sling compresses the other end of the spring. When the lifting equipment lifts the sling upward, the friction between the hook and the inner wall of the lifting hole increases under the action of the gravity of the steel structure unit, and is greater than the elastic force of the spring. At this time, the steel structure unit can be stably lifted. The unit is lifted without unhooking, and the purpose of not unhooking is achieved until the steel structure unit is transferred to the installation position of the steel structure unit, positioned and locked. The lifting equipment then continues to move the hoist down. At this time, the friction between the inner wall of the lifting hole of the hoist and the hook is less than the elastic force of the spring. The hoist is pushed out of the hook under the elastic force of the spring, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic unhooking of the hoist. There is no need for construction workers to climb ladders to a high place to unlock the hoist and the hook, which can make the hoisting steps of each steel structure unit closely connected, which is conducive to improving the fluency of steel structure hoisting construction, and then improving the efficiency of steel structure hoisting construction.

[0007] Preferably, in S1, several auxiliary ropes are tied at the steel structure unit; in S3, the lifting equipment pulls the auxiliary ropes downward while moving the sling downward, and after the steel structure unit is lowered to the installation position for positioning and fixing, the auxiliary ropes are tensioned and fixed.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the auxiliary rope can stabilize the steel structure unit by pulling downward during the lowering process of the steel structure unit. At the same time, after the steel structure unit completes the fixing operation, the auxiliary rope is tensioned and fixed. The auxiliary rope plays the role of a guy rope, temporarily fixing the steel structure unit, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the steel structure unit in an upright state.

[0009] Preferably, the sling is an elastic rope.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the elastic rope not only plays a buffering and shock-absorbing effect during the lifting and transfer of the steel structure, thereby improving the connection stability between the sling and the hook, but also when the steel structure unit lands on the ground under the traction of the auxiliary rope, the friction between the sling and the hook is maintained under the action of the elastic force of the elastic rope, which is beneficial to maintain the stability of the connection between the sling and the hook before the installation of the steel structure unit is completed, thereby improving the safety of the steel structure installation.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting rope includes a connecting rope wrapped around and tied to the outer periphery of the steel structure unit and two branch ropes symmetrically fixed on both sides of the connecting rope, and the two branch ropes are gathered at one end away from the connecting rope and fixedly connected to the hook; when the steel structure unit is lifted to a vertical state in S2, the two branch ropes are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the steel structure unit, and the hook is located directly above the steel structure unit.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting rope serves to connect the steel structure unit, and the two branch ropes serve to connect the hooks. When the steel structure unit is lifted to a vertical state, the two branch ropes can be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the steel structure unit, so that the hook is located directly above the steel structure unit, which is beneficial for the center of gravity of the steel structure unit to be located directly below the hook, which is beneficial for the stability of the lifting of the steel structure unit, and makes it easier for the steel structure unit to be in a vertical state, thereby facilitating the subsequent installation and fixation operations of the steel structure unit.

[0013] Preferably, the hanging hole is adapted to the hanging hook, and when the hanging hook is hooked into the hanging hole, the outer peripheral wall of the hanging hook fits against the outer wall of the hanging hole.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the hook is hooked into the lifting hole, the outer wall of the hook fits the outer wall of the lifting hole, thereby increasing the contact area between the hook and the lifting hole, thereby increasing the friction between the hook and the lifting hole, which is beneficial to the stability of the connection between the hook and the sling.

[0015] Preferably, in S1, the steel structure unit is horizontally placed on a plurality of wooden blocks.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the pads play a supporting and positioning role, so that the steel structure unit can be smoothly lifted by using the slings and hooks.

[0017] Preferably, a ring is provided at one end of the spring away from the lifting rope, and the ring is slidably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the hook.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the collar increases the contact area between the spring and the sling, so as to evenly transfer the elastic force of the spring to the sling, which is conducive to achieving the purpose of smooth unhooking of the sling.

[0019] Preferably, in S3, a plurality of guide rings are arranged around the installation position of the steel structure unit, and the plurality of guide rings correspond to a plurality of auxiliary ropes one by one. Before the lifting device moves down the sling, the auxiliary rope is first passed through the corresponding guide ring, and then the pulling operation is performed. After the steel structure unit is lowered to the installation position for positioning and fixing, the auxiliary rope is tensioned and then tied to the corresponding guide ring.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, during the lowering process of the sling, the guide ring guides the pulling of the auxiliary rope, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the traction direction. After the steel structure unit is installed, the guide ring provides a connection point for the auxiliary rope to facilitate the fixation of the auxiliary rope.

[0021] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By improving the sling of the lifting equipment, when the sling and the hook are connected, the hook of the hook passes through the lifting hole of the sling, and the sling compresses the other end of the spring. When the lifting equipment lifts the sling upward, the friction between the hook and the inner wall of the lifting hole increases under the gravity of the steel structure unit, so as to stably lift the steel structure unit and achieve the purpose of not unhooking. After the steel structure unit is transferred to the installation position of the steel structure unit, positioned and locked, the lifting equipment continues to move the sling downward. At this time, the friction between the inner wall of the lifting hole of the sling and the hook is less than the elastic force of the spring. The sling is pushed out of the hook under the elastic force of the spring, so as to achieve the purpose of automatic unhooking of the sling, so that the construction personnel do not need to climb the ladder to a high place to unlock the sling and the hook, which can make the hoisting steps of each steel structure unit closely connected, which is conducive to improving the fluency of steel structure hoisting construction, and thus improving the efficiency of steel structure hoisting construction; 2. By tying several auxiliary ropes at the steel structure unit, the auxiliary ropes can be pulled downward during the lowering process of the steel structure unit to stabilize the steel structure unit. At the same time, after the steel structure unit is fixed, the auxiliary ropes are tensioned and fixed. The auxiliary ropes play the role of wind ropes and temporarily fix the steel structure unit, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the steel structure unit in an upright state; 3. The elastic rope as a lifting rope not only plays a buffering and shock-absorbing effect during the lifting and transfer of the steel structure, but also improves the connection stability between the sling and the hook. Moreover, when the steel structure unit lands on the ground under the pull of the auxiliary rope, the elastic force of the elastic rope maintains the friction between the sling and the hook, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the connection between the sling and the hook before the installation of the steel structure unit is completed, which is conducive to improving the safety of the steel structure installation; 4. The lifting rope is divided into a connecting rope and two branch ropes, wherein the connecting rope serves to connect the steel structure unit, and the two branch ropes serve to connect the hooks. When the steel structure unit is lifted to a vertical state, the two branch ropes can be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the steel structure unit, so that the hook is located directly above the steel structure unit, which is beneficial for the center of gravity of the steel structure unit to be located directly below the hook, which is beneficial for the stability of the lifting of the steel structure unit, and makes the steel structure unit in a vertical state, which is convenient for the subsequent installation and fixation operations of the steel structure unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the state of a steel structure unit when it is placed horizontally in a steel structure hoisting construction method in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of center A.

[0024] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the state of a steel structure unit when it is vertically lifted in a steel structure lifting construction method in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. Steel structure unit; 2. Lifting rope; 21. Connecting rope; 22. Support rope; 3. Pad; 4. Lifting hook; 5. Lifting device; 51. Lifting hole; 6. Spring; 61. Ring; 7. Auxiliary rope; 8. Guide ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 This application is described in further detail.

[0027] The present application embodiment discloses a steel structure hoisting construction method, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including the following steps: S1: Preparation before lifting: Arrange several wooden blocks 3 at the construction site as supporting components of the steel structure unit 1, and arrange the steel structure unit 1 on the wooden blocks 3 in an orderly manner. The wooden blocks 3 lift the steel structure unit 1 off the ground, so as to support and position the steel structure unit 1.

[0028] The steel structure unit 1 used in this embodiment includes lattice columns, wall columns, wind-resistant columns, etc. The steel structure unit 1 is hoisted using a truck crane as a hoisting device, and a single-machine rotation method is selected for hoisting.

[0029] The lifting device 5 is cylindrical, and a lifting hole 51 is formed through the lifting device 5, and the openings at both ends of the lifting hole 51 are respectively placed on both sides of the lifting device 5. Then the lifting rope 2 is tied at the steel structure unit 1, wherein the lifting rope 2 includes a connecting rope 21 tied around the outer periphery of the steel structure unit 1 and two supporting ropes 22 symmetrically fixed on both sides of the connecting rope 21. The connecting rope 21 is made of steel wire rope, which is tied after passing through the mounting hole on the outer periphery of the steel structure unit 1 (not shown in the figure), and the two supporting ropes 22 are made of nylon high-strength elastic rope. The ends of the two supporting ropes 22 away from the connecting rope 21 are gathered and fixedly connected to a hook 4. Among them, the hook part of the hook 4 is sleeved with a spring 6; the end of the spring 6 close to the lifting rope 2 is welded and fixed to the hook 4, and the end of the spring 6 away from the lifting rope 2 is fixed with a ring 61, which is slidably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the hook 4, and the hook guides the ring 61, and the purpose of compressing the spring 6 can be achieved by squeezing the ring 61.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A number of auxiliary ropes 7 are tied to the outer surface of the steel structure unit 1, and a number of guide rings 8 are arranged around the installation position of the steel structure unit 1. The guide rings 8 correspond to the auxiliary ropes 7 one by one. The auxiliary ropes 7 and the guide rings 8 are used for the subsequent positioning and fixation of the steel structure unit 1.

[0031] S2: Hoisting construction: After the sling 5 and the hook 4 are ready, the connection operation between the sling 5 and the hook 4 is performed. In this embodiment, the lifting hole 51 is adapted to the hook 4, the hook portion of the hook 4 passes through the lifting hole 51 of the sling 5 and is hooked in the lifting hole 51, and the outer peripheral wall of the hook 4 fits the outer wall of the lifting hole 51. The sling 5 squeezes the ring 61 and forces the spring 6 to compress, and then the lifting equipment lifts the sling 5 upward, so that the support rope 22 is stretched, and then the steel structure unit 1 is gradually lifted. When the steel structure unit 1 is lifted to a vertical state, the two support ropes 22 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the steel structure unit 1, and the hook 4 is located directly above the steel structure unit 1. The center of gravity of the steel structure unit 1 is located directly below the hook 4, which is beneficial to the stability of the lifting of the steel structure unit 1, and makes it easy for the steel structure unit 1 to be in a vertical state, which is convenient for the subsequent installation and fixing operation of the steel structure unit 1. Then the steel structure unit 1 is transferred to the top of the installation position by the lifting equipment.

[0032] S3: Install the steel structure: Before lowering the steel structure unit 1, first pass the auxiliary rope 7 through the corresponding guide ring 8, and then the construction personnel perform the pulling operation, and cooperate with the lifting equipment to slowly lower the sling 5 until the steel structure unit 1 is lowered to the installation position for positioning. During the lowering process of the sling 5, the guide ring 8 guides the pulling of the auxiliary rope 7, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the traction direction. The verticality of the steel structure unit 1 can be controlled by the theodolite, and the auxiliary rope 7 can be pulled manually or by a winch to achieve the correction of the verticality of the steel structure unit 1. The positioning of the steel structure unit 1 can be carried out using a temporary positioning bracket, so that the steel structure unit 1 remains in a vertical state after being lowered to the installation position, so as to fix the steel structure unit 1.

[0033] Finally, the steel structure unit 1 is locked at the installation position. After the steel structure unit 1 is lowered to the installation position for positioning and fixing, the auxiliary rope 7 is tensioned, and then the auxiliary rope 7 is tied to the corresponding guide ring 8. The auxiliary rope 7 plays the role of a cable wind rope, which temporarily fixes the steel structure unit 1, which is conducive to improving the stability of the steel structure unit 1 in an upright state.

[0034] S4: Unlocking of the sling 5: The lifting device continues to move the sling 5 downward. When the friction between the inner wall of the lifting hole 51 of the sling 5 and the hook 4 is less than the elastic force of the spring 6, the sling 5 is pushed out of the hook 4 under the elastic force of the spring 6, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic unhooking of the sling 5.

[0035] S5: Repeat steps S2 to S4 to complete the hoisting steps of all steel structure units 1. During the entire steel structure hoisting process, there is no need for construction workers to climb the ladder to a high place to unlock the hoisting device 5 and the hook 4, which can make the hoisting steps of each steel structure unit 1 closely connected, which is conducive to improving the fluency of steel structure hoisting construction, and further improving the efficiency of steel structure hoisting construction.

[0036] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A steel structure hoisting construction method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Preparation before lifting: a lifting hole (51) is provided through the lifting device (5) of the lifting equipment, a lifting rope (2) is tied to the steel structure unit (1), a lifting hook (4) is installed on the lifting rope (2), and a spring (6) is sleeved on the hook portion of the lifting hook (4); the spring (6) is fixed to the lifting hook (4) at one end close to the lifting rope (2); S2: Hoisting construction: the lifting device (5) and the lifting hook (4) are connected, the hook portion of the lifting hook (4) passes through the lifting hole (51) of the lifting device (5), the lifting device (5) compresses the spring (6), and then the lifting device lifts the lifting device (5) upwards, lifts the steel structure unit (1) and transfers it to the installation position of the steel structure unit (1); S3: Installing the steel structure: The lifting device moves the lifting device (5) downward, lowers the steel structure unit (1) to the installation position for positioning, and finally locks the steel structure unit (1) at the installation position; S4: the lifting device (5) is unlocked: the lifting device continues to move the lifting device (5) downward, and when the friction between the inner wall of the lifting hole (51) of the lifting device (5) and the lifting hook (4) is less than the elastic force of the spring (6), the lifting device (5) is pushed out of the lifting hook (4) under the elastic force of the spring (6), thereby achieving the purpose of automatic unhooking of the lifting device (5); S5: Repeat steps S2 to S4 to complete the hoisting steps of all steel structure units (1).

2. A steel structure hoisting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, a plurality of auxiliary ropes (7) are tied to the steel structure unit (1); in S3, the lifting device pulls the auxiliary ropes (7) downward while lowering the sling (5), and after the steel structure unit (1) is lowered to the installation position for positioning and fixing, the auxiliary ropes (7) are tensioned and fixed.

3. A steel structure hoisting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension rope (2) is an elastic rope.

4. A steel structure hoisting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting rope (2) comprises a connecting rope (21) bound around the outer periphery of the steel structure unit (1) and two branch ropes (22) symmetrically fixed on both sides of the connecting rope (21), and the two branch ropes (22) are gathered at one end away from the connecting rope (21) and fixedly connected to the lifting hook (4); when the steel structure unit (1) is lifted to a vertical state in S2, the two branch ropes (22) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the steel structure unit (1), and the lifting hook (4) is located directly above the steel structure unit (1).

5. A steel structure hoisting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hanging hole (51) is adapted to the hanging hook (4); when the hanging hook (4) is hooked into the hanging hole (51), the outer peripheral wall of the hanging hook (4) fits the outer wall of the hanging hole (51).

6. A steel structure hoisting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned S1, the steel structure unit (1) is horizontally placed on a plurality of pads (3).

7. A steel structure hoisting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collar (61) is provided at one end of the spring (6) away from the suspension rope (2), and the collar (61) is slidably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the suspension hook (4).

8. A steel structure hoisting construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S3, a plurality of guide rings (8) are arranged around the installation position of the steel structure unit (1), and the plurality of guide rings (8) correspond to the plurality of auxiliary ropes (7) one by one. Before the lifting device lowers the sling (5), the auxiliary ropes (7) are first passed through the corresponding guide rings (8) and then pulled. After the steel structure unit (1) is lowered to the installation position for positioning and fixing, the auxiliary ropes (7) are tensioned and then tied to the corresponding guide rings (8).

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