Gasification furnace

Abstract

The invention provides a gasification furnace which comprises a first heat transfer device, a second heat transfer device, a second heat transfer device, a first slag water outlet and a second slag water outlet, the burner extends into the first accommodating cavity; the second heat transfer device is provided with a second containing cavity, and the second containing cavity communicates with the first containing cavity; the surrounding cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the first heat remover, a first slag pool is defined between the outer side wall of the surrounding cylinder and the inner side wall of the first heat remover, the first slag pool communicates with the first slag water outlet, and the first containing cavity communicates with the second containing cavity through the surrounding cylinder; the first end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the second accommodating cavity; a second slag pool is arranged in the scrubber, the second end of the gas guide pipe is communicated with the second slag pool, and a synthesis gas outlet and a second slag water outlet communicated with the second slag pool are formed in the scrubber at intervals. According to the technical scheme, the problem that the overall cost is high due to the fact that the requirement for the treatment capacity of a water treatment system in the prior art is high is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gasification furnace equipment, and in particular to a gasification furnace. Background Art

[0002] The dry pulverized coal pressurized gasification technology has the advantages of good adaptability to coal types, high cold gas efficiency, and excellent environmental performance. It is the main direction of coal gasification technology development. The dry pulverized coal pressurized gasification process includes two processes: sensible heat recovery and quenching. For the quenching process, dry powder feed, gasification medium and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched oxygen are used to react to generate high-temperature synthesis gas at 1400℃ to 1600℃. The high-temperature synthesis gas carries the molten ash into the quenching tank and fully contacts with the quenching water to cool to about 210℃. The molten ash is quenched into fine glass particles. Compared with the quenching process, the sensible heat recovery process realizes the recovery of sensible heat of synthesis gas, produces medium-pressure steam as a by-product, has a high energy utilization rate, and has a low amount of system wastewater.

[0003] In the related art, a slag pool is set at the bottom of the gasifier in the above two processes, and all the slag produced during the gasification process enters the slag pool and is cooled by cooling water before being discharged from the slag pool. However, since the high-temperature slag requires a large amount of cooling water to cool down, the amount of wastewater discharged from the slag pool is large, resulting in a large load on the water treatment system downstream of the gasifier, and a high processing capacity requirement for the water treatment system, which makes the overall cost high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a gasifier to solve the problem in the related art that the processing capacity of the water treatment system is relatively high, resulting in relatively high overall cost.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a gasification furnace, comprising: a first heat transfer device, having a first accommodating chamber, a first slag-water outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the first heat transfer device; a burner, extending into the first accommodating chamber; a second heat transfer device, having a second accommodating chamber, the second accommodating chamber is connected to the first accommodating chamber; a surrounding tube, arranged at the bottom of the first heat transfer device, a first slag pool is formed between the outer wall of the surrounding tube and the inner wall of the first heat transfer device, the first slag pool is connected to the first slag-water outlet, and the first accommodating chamber is connected to the second accommodating chamber through the surrounding tube; an air duct, a first end of the air duct is connected to the second accommodating chamber; a scrubber, a second slag pool is provided in the scrubber, a second end of the air duct is connected to the second slag pool, and a synthesis gas outlet and a second slag-water outlet connected to the second slag pool are arranged at intervals on the scrubber.

[0006] Furthermore, the gasifier also includes a first reducing ring connected to the top of the shroud, and the diameter of the first reducing ring gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0007] Furthermore, there is a slag clearance between the outer edge of the first reducing ring and the inner side wall of the first heat transfer device.

[0008] Furthermore, the gasifier also includes a second reducing ring connected between the shroud and the second heat transfer device, and the diameter of the second reducing ring gradually increases in a direction from the shroud to the second heat transfer device.

[0009] Furthermore, the gasifier also includes a water inlet arranged on the first heat transfer device, and the water inlet is connected to the first slag pool.

[0010] Furthermore, the water inlet is spaced apart from the first slag water outlet, and the water inlet is located above the first slag water outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the burner has an injection pipe extending into the first accommodating cavity, and the axis of the injection pipe is arranged at an angle to the diameter direction of the first heat transfer device.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of heat exchange tubes extending in the up-down direction are arranged in the second heat transfer device, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged at intervals. The gasification furnace also includes a spiral ring disk connected to the upper ends of the plurality of heat exchange tubes. The first heat transfer device and the second heat transfer device are connected through the gap of the spiral ring disk.

[0013] Furthermore, the gasifier also includes a shell, which covers the outside of the first heat transfer device and the second heat transfer device, a first annular space is provided between the first heat transfer device and the shell, a second annular space is provided between the first heat transfer device and the shell, the first annular space is connected to the second annular space, and an air inlet connected to the first annular space is provided on the shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the shell is arranged above the scrubber, and the gasifier also includes a support ring plate arranged between the scrubber and the shell, the support ring plate can support the second heat transfer device and the shell, and the first end of the air guide pipe is connected to the second accommodating cavity through the through hole of the support ring plate.

[0015] According to the technical solution of the present invention, the gasifier includes: a first heat transfer device, a burner, a second heat transfer device, a shroud, an air duct and a scrubber. The first heat transfer device has a first accommodating chamber, and a first slag water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the first heat transfer device. The burner extends into the first accommodating chamber. The second heat transfer device has a second accommodating chamber, and the second accommodating chamber is connected to the first accommodating chamber. The shroud is arranged at the bottom of the first heat transfer device, and a first slag pool is formed between the outer wall of the shroud and the inner wall of the first heat transfer device. The first slag pool is connected to the first slag water outlet, and the first accommodating chamber is connected to the second accommodating chamber through the shroud. The first end of the air duct is connected to the second accommodating chamber. The scrubber has a second slag pool, and the second end of the air duct is connected to the second slag pool. The scrubber is provided with a synthesis gas outlet and a second slag water outlet connected to the second slag pool. In this way, the dry powder can enter the first accommodating chamber from the burner and produce synthesis gas, and part of the molten slag when the dry powder produces synthesis gas can fall into the first slag pool, and the molten slag in the first slag pool can be discharged from the first slag water outlet. The synthesis gas in the first accommodating chamber can enter the second accommodating chamber through the shroud, and the synthesis gas is washed in the second slag pool of the scrubber, and the slag generated during the synthesis gas washing can be discharged from the second slag water outlet. In this way, part of the slag can be discharged from the first slag water outlet, and the other part of the slag can be discharged from the second slag water outlet. After the slag is diverted, the load of the water treatment system downstream of the gasifier is reduced, the processing capacity requirements of the water treatment system are reduced, and the entire cost is reduced. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem of high requirements for the processing capacity of the water treatment system in the related art, which makes the overall cost high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a gasifier according to the present invention is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first heat transfer device;

[0019] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at the second heat transfer device.

[0020] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0021] 10. First heat transfer device; 11. Burner; 12. First slag water outlet; 13. Water inlet; 14. First slag pool;

[0022] 20. A second heat transfer device; 21. A spiral ring disk;

[0023] 31. circumferential cylinder; 32. first reducing ring; 33. second reducing ring;

[0024] 40. Airway;

[0025] 50. Scrubber; 51. Second slag pool;

[0026] 80. Support ring plate;

[0027] 70. Shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in this embodiment, the gasifier includes: a first heat transfer device 10, a burner 11, a second heat transfer device 20, a shroud 31, an air duct 40 and a scrubber 50. The first heat transfer device 10 has a first accommodating chamber, and a first slag water outlet 12 is provided at the bottom end of the first heat transfer device 10. The burner 11 extends into the first accommodating chamber. The second heat transfer device 20 has a second accommodating chamber, and the second accommodating chamber is connected to the first accommodating chamber. The shroud 31 is provided at the bottom of the first heat transfer device 10, and a first slag pool 14 is formed between the outer wall of the shroud 31 and the inner wall of the first heat transfer device 10. The first slag pool 14 is connected to the first slag water outlet 12, and the first accommodating chamber is connected to the second accommodating chamber through the shroud 31. The first end of the air duct 40 is connected to the second accommodating chamber. The scrubber 50 has a second slag pool 51 in it, the second end of the air guide pipe 40 is connected to the second slag pool 51 , and the scrubber 50 is provided with a synthesis gas outlet and a second slag water outlet connected to the second slag pool 51 at intervals.

[0032] In this way, the dry powder can enter the first accommodation chamber from the burner 11 and produce synthesis gas, and part of the slag produced when the dry powder produces synthesis gas can fall into the first slag pool 14, and the slag in the first slag pool 14 can be discharged from the first slag water outlet 12. The synthesis gas in the first accommodation chamber can enter the second accommodation chamber through the shroud 31, and the synthesis gas is washed in the second slag pool 51 of the scrubber 50, and the slag produced when the synthesis gas is washed can be discharged from the second slag water outlet.

[0033] In this way, a part of the slag can be discharged from the first slag water outlet 12, and the other part of the slag can be discharged from the second slag water outlet. By diverting the slag, the load of the water treatment system downstream of the gasifier is reduced, the processing capacity requirements of the water treatment system are reduced, and the overall cost is reduced. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem of high overall cost caused by high processing capacity requirements of the water treatment system in the related art.

[0034] In this embodiment, by diverting the slag, the slag from a gasifier can be treated by two water treatment systems, which reduces the load requirement for a single water treatment system and reduces the volume of the water treatment system, making the overall structure more compact and convenient for layout.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the gasifier further includes a first reducing ring 32 connected to the top of the shroud 31, and the diameter of the first reducing ring 32 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The first reducing ring 32 can accelerate the flow of the synthesis gas, so that the flow rate of the synthesis gas when flowing through the first reducing ring 32 can be increased, so as to better flush the inner wall of the shroud 31 and prevent slag from adhering to the inner wall of the shroud 31.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, there is a slag gap between the outer edge of the first reducer ring 32 and the inner wall of the first heat transfer device 10. The slag gap is provided to facilitate the molten slag to enter the first slag pool 14 from the slag gap. The slag gap has a simple structure, is easy to process, and is convenient for the passage of molten slag.

[0037] In other embodiments, a slag hole is provided on the side wall of the first reducing ring 32 , and the molten slag can enter the first slag pool 14 through the slag hole.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the gasifier further includes a second reducing ring 33 connected between the shroud 31 and the second heat transfer device 20, and the diameter of the second reducing ring 33 gradually increases from the shroud 31 to the second heat transfer device 20. The second reducing ring 33 can reduce the flow rate of the synthesis gas, so that the flow rate of the synthesis gas flowing out of the second reducing ring 33 can be reduced, thereby reducing the wear of the inner wall of the second heat transfer device 20 by the ash carried by the synthesis gas, and extending the service life of the second heat transfer device 20.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the gasifier also includes a water inlet 13 arranged on the first heat transfer device 10, and the water inlet 13 is connected to the first slag pool 14, so that water can be passed to the first slag pool 14 in time, so that the slag water in the first slag pool 14 can be replaced in time.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the water inlet 13 is spaced apart from the first slag water outlet 12, and the water inlet 13 is located above the first slag water outlet 12. The first slag water outlet 12 is located at the bottom, which can make it easier to discharge the slag in the first slag pool 14, and at the same time, it is easier to empty the water in the first slag pool 14 when cleaning or maintenance is required.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the burner 11 has an air jet extending into the first accommodation chamber, and the axis of the air jet is set at an angle to the diameter direction of the first heat transfer device 10. In this way, the gas ejected from the air jet can form a swirl in the first accommodation chamber, so that the dry powder can stay in the first accommodation chamber for a longer time, and the disturbance intensity of the dry powder in the first accommodation chamber is increased, so that the dry coal particles can be fully reacted in the first accommodation chamber. In addition, the setting of the air jet makes it easy to throw the slag onto the inner wall of the first heat transfer device 10, so that more slag can enter the first slag pool 14.

[0042] In this way, a small amount of slag enters the second slag pool 51 for washing, and the first slag pool 14 can collect larger slag, reducing the amount of high-temperature slag entering the second heat transfer device 20, reducing the wear risk of the second heat transfer device 20, and reducing the amount of cooling water used in the second slag pool 51.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a plurality of heat exchange tubes extending in the up-down direction are arranged in the second heat transfer device 20, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged at intervals. The gasifier also includes a spiral ring disk 21 connected to the upper ends of the plurality of heat exchange tubes, and the first heat transfer device 10 and the second heat transfer device 20 are connected through the gap of the spiral ring disk 21. The setting of the spiral ring disk 21 can fix the upper ends of the plurality of heat exchange tubes, so that the heat exchange tubes can be more firmly fixed in the second accommodating cavity. In addition, the setting of the spiral ring disk 21 enables the first heat transfer device 10 and the second heat transfer device 20 to be connected, and the spiral ring disk 21 has a simple structure and is easy to process.

[0044] In this embodiment, the spiral ring disk 21 is a disk-shaped structure laid flat on the plane where the top ends of the plurality of heat exchange tubes are located.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first heat transfer device 10 is a reaction chamber heat transfer device, and the second heat transfer device 20 is a radiation heat transfer device. Both the first heat transfer device 10 and the second heat transfer device 20 adopt a water-cooled wall structure.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the gasifier also includes a shell 70, and the shell 70 is covered on the outside of the first heat transfer device 10 and the second heat transfer device 20. There is a first annular space between the first heat transfer device 10 and the shell 70, and there is a second annular space between the first heat transfer device 10 and the shell 70. The first annular space is connected to the second annular space, and an air inlet connected to the first annular space is provided on the shell 70. Since the pressures in the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber are both high, high-pressure gas is introduced into the first annular space and the second annular space through the air inlet, so that the pressure difference between the inner wall and the outer wall of the first heat transfer device 10 and the second heat transfer device 20 is small, thereby improving the safety and service life of the first heat transfer device 10 and the second heat transfer device 20.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the shell 70 is arranged above the scrubber 50, and the gasifier further includes a support ring plate 80 arranged between the scrubber 50 and the shell 70. The support ring plate 80 can support the second heat transfer device 20 and the shell 70, and the first end of the air guide tube 40 is connected to the second accommodating cavity through the through hole of the support ring plate 80. The arrangement of the support ring plate 80 facilitates the installation and sealing of the second heat transfer device 20 and the shell 70, and the arrangement of the through hole of the support ring plate 80 enables the first end of the air guide tube 40 to be connected to the second accommodating cavity, and the structure of the support ring plate 80 is simple and easy to process.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0049] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0050] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasifier, characterized in that: include: A first heat transfer device (10) having a first accommodating cavity, wherein a first slag-water outlet (12) is provided at the bottom end of the first heat transfer device (10); A burner (11) extending into the first accommodating chamber; A second heat transfer device (20) has a second accommodating chamber, wherein the second accommodating chamber is connected to the first accommodating chamber; a shroud (31) disposed at the bottom of the first heat transfer device (10); a first slag pool (14) is formed between the outer wall of the shroud (31) and the inner wall of the first heat transfer device (10); the first slag pool (14) is connected to the first slag-water outlet (12); and the first accommodating chamber is connected to the second accommodating chamber through the shroud (31); an air guide tube (40), a first end of the air guide tube (40) being connected to the second accommodating cavity; A scrubber (50), wherein a second slag pool (51) is provided in the scrubber (50), a second end of the air guide pipe (40) is connected to the second slag pool (51), and a synthesis gas outlet and a second slag water outlet connected to the second slag pool (51) are arranged at intervals on the scrubber (50).

2. The gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasifier further comprises a first diameter reducing ring (32) connected to the top end of the shroud (31), wherein the diameter of the first diameter reducing ring (32) gradually decreases from top to bottom.

3. The gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is a slag clearance between the outer edge of the first reducing ring (32) and the inner wall of the first heat transfer device (10).

4. The gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasifier further comprises a second reducing ring (33) connected between the shroud (31) and the second heat transfer device (20), wherein the diameter of the second reducing ring (33) gradually increases in a direction from the shroud (31) to the second heat transfer device (20).

5. The gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasifier further comprises a water inlet (13) arranged on the first heat transfer device (10), and the water inlet (13) is connected to the first slag pool (14).

6. The gasifier according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water inlet (13) is spaced apart from the first slag-water outlet (12), and the water inlet (13) is located above the first slag-water outlet (12).

7. The gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burner (11) has an injection pipe extending into the first accommodating cavity, and the axis of the injection pipe is arranged at an angle to the diameter direction of the first heat transfer device (10).

8. The gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second heat transfer device (20) is provided with a plurality of heat exchange tubes extending in the up-down direction, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged at intervals. The gasification furnace further comprises a spiral ring disk (21) connected to the upper ends of the plurality of heat exchange tubes, and the first heat transfer device (10) and the second heat transfer device (20) are connected via a gap in the spiral ring disk (21).

9. The gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasifier further comprises a shell (70), wherein the shell (70) is arranged to cover the outside of the first heat transfer device (10) and the second heat transfer device (20), a first annular space is provided between the first heat transfer device (10) and the shell (70), a second annular space is provided between the first heat transfer device (10) and the shell (70), the first annular space is communicated with the second annular space, and an air inlet communicated with the first annular space is provided on the shell (70).

10. The gasifier according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shell (70) is arranged above the scrubber (50), and the gasifier further comprises a support ring plate (80) arranged between the scrubber (50) and the shell (70), wherein the support ring plate (80) is capable of supporting the second heat transfer device (20) and the shell (70), and the first end of the air guide pipe (40) is connected to the second accommodating cavity through a through hole of the support ring plate (80).

Images