Experimental device and experimental method for oil field microorganism source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil field microorganism source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research experiment device and method, and the device comprises a reactor module, the reactor module simulates the living environment of microorganisms, the microorganisms grow and breed in the reactor module, and the reactor module is respectively communicated with a water injection module and an index parameter monitoring module. Water is injected and chemicals are added into the reactor module through the water injection module, the microorganism living environment is monitored through the index parameter monitoring module, the index parameter monitoring module is connected with the main control module, and the index parameter monitoring module sends monitoring information to the main control module, so that workers can analyze and research conveniently. The device provided by the invention has the functions and characteristics of multi-index parameter on-line monitoring and automatic control, can better simulate the growth dynamic state of microorganisms such as sulfate reducing bacteria in the oilfield waterflooding development process, and has the advantages of strong pertinence, various applicable scenes, wide application and the like in the development of oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide and prevention and control research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oilfield microbial experimental devices, and in particular relates to an oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research experimental device and an experimental method. Background Art

[0002] There are a wide variety of microorganisms living in the oilfield environment, especially in the oil reservoir and produced fluid. These microorganisms exist in the form of communities, and participate in or influence the oilfield development process through various metabolic modes such as cooperation and competition. Among them, the microbial group represented by sulfate-reducing bacteria is the most significant.

[0003] Sulfate-reducing bacteria are a large class of microorganisms that can grow and metabolize under anaerobic conditions and reduce sulfur compounds such as sulfate to hydrogen sulfide. Sulfate-reducing bacteria are widely distributed in oilfield environments, including the interior of oil reservoirs and water environments of facilities such as surface pipelines. They grow, reproduce and metabolize organic carbon compounds and nitrogen and sulfur nutrients in injected water or oil reservoirs, ultimately producing hydrogen sulfide.

[0004] The growth and reproduction of sulfate-reducing bacteria in oil fields and the metabolic process of producing hydrogen sulfide have brought many adverse effects to oil field development, such as hydrogen sulfide poisoning, microbial corrosion, affecting oil and gas quality and increasing downstream processing costs. The hidden dangers or hazards caused by harmful microorganisms in oil fields such as sulfate-reducing bacteria not only lead to increased oil field development costs, but also may shorten the life of the oil field and even pose a great threat to the health and life safety of workers. In view of this, it is very important to fully understand and deeply understand the composition and physiological characteristics of microorganisms in the oil field environment and their dynamic laws during the development process, which is of guiding significance for oil field enterprises to formulate effective microbial hazard prevention and control strategies.

[0005] Affected by factors such as reservoir geological conditions and development processes around the world, there are significant differences in the species composition and physiological characteristics of sulfate-reducing bacteria in different oilfield environments. In order to achieve the hazard prevention and control of sulfate-reducing bacteria in oilfields, it is necessary to study the diversity and growth influencing factors of sulfate-reducing bacteria in oilfield environments. However, most existing studies use specific culture media to isolate and screen pure sulfate-reducing bacteria from oilfield samples, and then use anaerobic bottles under specific culture conditions to conduct batch experiments to screen fungicides and study bacterial growth characteristics. This method often separates sulfate-reducing bacteria from the physical and chemical environment and microbial community environment of the oilfield, and the research cycle is short, the test indicators and data concerned are small, which is not conducive to a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of the growth dynamics of microorganisms.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an experimental device that can better simulate the microbial production of hydrogen sulfide and its prevention and control under the influence of oil field water injection development process, so as to study the growth dynamics of sulfate-reducing bacteria and the effect of hazard assessment technology over a longer period of time and overcome the shortcomings of current experimental research. Summary of the invention

[0007] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an experimental device and experimental method for the prevention and control of hydrogen sulfide from microbial sources in oil fields, which can simulate the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria and the dynamic changes of hydrogen sulfide production during water injection development, and can achieve the research purposes of studying the hydrogen sulfide generation process and mechanism from oilfield microbial sources, the development of hydrogen sulfide hazard prevention and control technology, and effect evaluation within a long experimental period. The device has the function and characteristics of online monitoring and automatic control of multiple index parameters.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an experimental device for research on the prevention and control of hydrogen sulfide from microbial sources in oil fields, including a reactor module, the reactor module simulates the living environment of microorganisms, the microorganisms grow and reproduce in the reactor module, the reactor module is respectively connected to a water injection module and an index parameter monitoring module, water is injected and medicine is added into the reactor module through the water injection module, the living environment of the microorganisms is monitored through the index parameter monitoring module, the index parameter monitoring module is connected to the main control module, and the index parameter monitoring module sends the monitoring information to the main control module to facilitate analysis and research by the staff.

[0009] Furthermore, the reactor module includes a reactor column, which is made of high-temperature resistant glass, a water sampling port is provided on the upper part of the reactor column, a jacket layer is provided on the outside of the reactor column, a circulating water inlet is provided at the bottom of the jacket layer, and a circulating water outlet is provided at the top of the jacket layer. The reactor column controls the temperature inside the reactor column by an external circulating water bath, a packing layer is provided inside the reactor column, and the packing layer provides an attachment medium for the microorganisms, an end cover is provided on the top of the reactor column, the end cover is a quick-opening structure, and a gas sampling port is provided on the upper part of the end cover.

[0010] Furthermore, the water injection module includes a water injection pump and an inert gas balance unit. A water inlet is provided at the bottom of the reactor column. The water inlet is connected to a water inlet storage barrel through the water injection pump. The inert gas balance unit includes a nitrogen cylinder. The nitrogen cylinder passes nitrogen into the water inlet storage barrel and is pumped into the reactor column along with the liquid.

[0011] Furthermore, the index parameter monitoring module includes a temperature monitoring unit, and the temperature monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is placed on the jacket layer, and the temperature sensor sends the monitored information to the main control module.

[0012] Furthermore, the index parameter monitoring module includes an H2S concentration monitoring unit, and the H2S concentration monitoring unit includes an H2S gas concentration sensor. The H2S gas concentration sensor is placed on the end cover, and the H2S gas concentration sensor sends the monitored information to the main control module.

[0013] Furthermore, the water outlet is connected to the water outlet buffer tank through a water outlet U-shaped seal, and the indicator parameter monitoring module includes a pH / Eh online monitoring unit and an S 2- Concentration monitoring unit, the pH / Eh online monitoring unit includes a pH / Eh sensor, the S 2- Concentration monitoring unit includes S 2- Sensor, the pH / Eh sensor and the S 2- The sensors are placed in the water outlet buffer tank, the pH / Eh sensor and the S 2- The sensor sends the monitored information to the main control module.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a safety protection module, which includes a safety cabinet, the reactor module is placed in the safety cabinet, an exhaust port is provided on the top of the safety cabinet, the exhaust port is connected to the exhaust system, a hydrogen sulfide alarm is provided on the top of the safety cabinet, and the reactor module is connected to the tail gas liquid treatment unit through a gas pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an experimental method for oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research, using the above-mentioned oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research experimental device, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: Assemble the modules of the experimental device and determine the parameters of each module according to the target oilfield conditions;

[0017] S2: Through the water injection module, simulate the process of water injection and reagent addition;

[0018] S3: The indicator parameter monitoring module sends the monitoring information to the main control module to facilitate staff analysis and research.

[0019] Further, the S1 comprises the following steps:

[0020] S11: using injection water collected from the target oil field, wellhead produced water or artificially prepared simulated injection water as the inlet water of the reactor and pumping it into the reactor column;

[0021] S12: adding quartz sand filler with porosity and permeability similar to those of the target reservoir core into the reactor column to fill the column;

[0022] S13: injecting crude oil collected from a target oil field into the reactor column;

[0023] S14: The device is connected and high-purity inert gas is introduced.

[0024] Further, the S2 comprises the following steps:

[0025] S21: Open each equipment component, and ensure that the hydraulic retention time of the injected water in the reactor column is the same as or close to the hydraulic retention time of the target oilfield water injection development process by adjusting the flow rate of the water injection pump;

[0026] S22: After the effluent from the reactor flows into the effluent buffer tank and the tail gas liquid collection tank, each monitoring sensor is turned on to start monitoring each indicator and collecting data;

[0027] S23: According to the experimental purpose, bactericides, inhibitors or sulfate-reducing bacteria solution are added to the injected water.

[0028] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0029] The present invention has the function of simulating the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria and the dynamic changes of hydrogen sulfide production during water injection development, and can achieve the research purposes of studying the hydrogen sulfide generation process and mechanism of oilfield microbial sources, the development of hydrogen sulfide hazard prevention and control technology, and effect evaluation within a long experimental period. The device provided by the present invention has the function and characteristics of online monitoring and automatic control of multiple index parameters, and can better simulate the growth dynamics of sulfate-reducing bacteria and other microorganisms during oilfield water injection development. It has the advantages of strong pertinence, diverse application scenarios, and wide application in conducting oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide and prevention and control research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the safety cabinet of the embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the monomer reactor column structure of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main control module of the device embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of an embodiment of the method of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure:

[0036] 1. Water injection module; 1-1. Water injection pump; 1-2. Water inlet storage tank; 1-3. Nitrogen cylinder;

[0037] 2. Reactor module; 2-1. Reactor column; 2-1-1. Solid filler; 2-1-2. Oil filter filler; 2-1-3. Head space; 2-2. End cover; 2-3. Jacket layer; 2-3-1. Circulating water outlet; 2-3-2. Circulating water inlet; 2-4. Water inlet; 2-5. Gas collection port; 2-6. Water outlet; 2-7. Water outlet U-shaped seal; 2-8. Water outlet buffer tank;

[0038] 3. Index parameter monitoring module; 3-1. Temperature sensor; 3-2. H2S gas concentration sensor; 3-3. pH / Eh sensor; 3-4. S 2- sensor;

[0039] 4. Safety protection module; 4-1. Safety cabinet; 4-1-1. Exhaust vent; 4-1-2. Hydrogen sulfide alarm; 4-2. Tail gas liquid treatment unit; 4-2-1. Tail gas liquid collection barrel; 4-2-2. Hydrogen sulfide adsorption column;

[0040] 5. Main control module; 5-1. Main control computer; 5-2. Smart touch screen; 5-3. Monitoring instrument; 5-4. Data centralized acquisition unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0043] Example 1: Dynamic simulation experiment of hydrogen sulfide production by oilfield microorganisms.

[0044] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an experimental device for the research and control of hydrogen sulfide from microbial sources in oil fields includes a water injection module 1, a reactor module 2, an index parameter monitoring module 3, a safety protection module 4 and a main control module 5. The reactor module 2 simulates the living environment of microorganisms, and the microorganisms grow and reproduce in the reactor module 2. The reactor module 2 is connected to the water injection module 1 and the index parameter monitoring module 3 respectively. Water is injected and drugs are added into the reactor module 2 through the water injection module 1. The living environment of microorganisms is monitored through the index parameter monitoring module 3. The index parameter monitoring module 3 is connected to the main control module 5. The index parameter monitoring module 3 sends the monitoring information to the main control module 5, which is convenient for the staff to analyze and study.

[0045] The water injection module 1 is used to realize the simulation of processes such as injection of injection water and addition of reagents. Specifically, the water injection module 1 provided in this embodiment includes a liquid water injection pump 1-1, an inert gas balance unit and related pipelines, wherein the water injection pump 1-1 is selected from a peristaltic pump or a plunger pump; the inert gas is selected from high-purity nitrogen or helium. Preferably, the water injection pump 1-1 provided in this embodiment is a peristaltic pump, and its flow range is 0.01 to 5000mL / min; the peristaltic pump tube is a wear-resistant and acid- and alkali-resistant silicone tube. The inert gas is high-purity nitrogen, and its purity is not less than 99.999%. If Figure 3 As shown, a water inlet 2-4 is provided at the bottom of the reactor column 2-1, and the water inlet 2-4 is connected to the water inlet storage barrel 1-2 through the water injection pump 1-1. The nitrogen cylinder 1-3 passes nitrogen into the water inlet storage barrel 1-2, and is pumped into the reactor column 2-1 along with the water injection pump 1-1. Specifically, the water inlet end of the water injection pump 1-1 is connected to the outlet of the water inlet storage barrel 1-2, and the barrel is pre-filled with injection water or produced water of the target oil field. The top of the water inlet storage barrel 1-2 is connected to an inert gas outlet pipe, and inert gas is input into the water inlet storage barrel 1-2 to maintain pressure balance. The outlet pipe of the water injection pump 1-1 is connected to the water inlet at the lower edge of the reactor column 2-1.

[0046] The reactor module 2 includes a reactor column 2-1, and the material of the reactor column 2-1 is high temperature resistant glass. Preferably, the material of the reactor column 2-1 provided in this embodiment is high borosilicate high temperature resistant glass. Its internal operating temperature range is 5°C to 90°C. The reactor column 2-1 is filled with solid filler 2-1-1, which is used to simulate the porous structure of the reservoir core, and can provide an attachment medium for the growth, reproduction and metabolism of microorganisms in the reactor. A headspace 2-1-3 is provided on the upper part of the reactor column 2-1, which serves as a gas buffer zone produced by microbial metabolism. An end cap 2-2 is provided on the top of the reactor column 2-1. Preferably, the end cap 2-2 adopts a quick-opening structure such as a flange or a clamp, and a gas sampling port 2-5 is provided on the upper part of the end cap 2-2 for irregular collection and analysis of gas samples. A water outlet 2-6 is provided on the upper part of the reactor column 2-1, and an oil filter filler 2-1-2 is added in the pipeline to prevent crude oil from flowing out of the reactor column 2-1. The water outlet 2-6 is arranged at the lower end of the oil-bearing layer. Preferably, a side branch is provided at the water outlet 2-1, which is used as a water sampling port. If it is necessary to collect a water sample from the reactor for microbial flora analysis or other determinations, the water sample can be collected through the water sampling port. A jacket layer 2-3 is provided on the outside of the reactor column 2-1, a circulating water inlet 2-3-2 is provided at the bottom of the jacket layer 2-3, and a circulating water outlet 2-3-1 is provided at the top of the jacket layer 2-3. The reactor column 2-1 controls the temperature inside the reactor column 2-1 by an external circulating water bath. Preferably, valves are provided at the water inlet and outlet of the reactor column 2-1 and at each necessary node of the pipeline to facilitate sampling and other operations.

[0047] like Figure 2As shown, the reactor module 2 can be provided with 4-6 parallel reactor columns 2-1, and each reactor column 2-1 can operate independently. The operating temperature range of the reactor column 2-1 is 35°C to 80°C, and the temperature in the reactor column 2-1 is maintained stable at ±1°C by an external circulating water bath.

[0048] The indicator parameter monitoring module 3 includes a temperature monitoring unit, a pH / Eh online monitoring unit, and an outlet water S 2- Concentration online monitoring unit, gas H2S concentration online monitoring unit. Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, it includes various sensors, monitors 5-3, data collection units 5-4, data analysis units and databases. The data collection units 5-4 are connected to the monitors 5-3 through a bus, and the monitors 5-3 are connected to various sensors for temperature T, pH value, Eh value, S 2- The data analysis unit automatically processes and stores the monitored data, and displays the monitored data curve and list on the smart touch screen 5-2 in real time.

[0049] Specifically, the temperature monitoring unit of this embodiment includes a temperature sensor 3-1, which is placed at the bottom of the reactor column 2-1 and has a temperature measuring port. The temperature sensor 3-1 sends the monitored information to the main control module 5. The H2S concentration monitoring unit includes an H2S gas concentration sensor 3-2, whose measurement range is 0 to 3000 ppm. The H2S gas concentration sensor 3-2 is placed on the end cover 2-2 and connected to the head space 2-1-3. The H2S gas concentration sensor 3-2 sends the monitored information to the main control module 5. The indicator parameter monitoring module 3 includes a pH / Eh online monitoring unit and an S 2- Concentration monitoring unit.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the water outlet 2-6 is connected to the water outlet buffer tank 2-8 through the water outlet U-shaped seal 2-7, and the pH / Eh online monitoring unit includes a pH / Eh sensor 3-3, S 2- Concentration monitoring unit includes S 2- Sensor 3-4, pH / Eh sensor 3-3 and S 2- Sensors 3-4 are placed in the water buffer tank, pH / Eh sensors 3-3 and S 2- Sensor 3 - 4 sends the monitored information to the main control module 5 .

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the safety protection module 4 includes a safety cabinet 4-1, and the reactor module 2 is placed in the safety cabinet 4-1. An exhaust port 4-1-1 is provided on the top of the safety cabinet 4-1, and the exhaust port 4-1-1 is connected to the exhaust system. A hydrogen sulfide alarm 4-1-2 is provided on the upper part of the safety cabinet 4-1, and the reactor module 2 is connected to the tail gas liquid treatment unit 4-2 through a gas pipeline. The tail gas liquid treatment unit 4-2 includes a tail gas liquid collection barrel 4-2-1 and a hydrogen sulfide adsorption column 4-2-2 and an external pipeline. The tail gas liquid collection barrel 4-2-1 is pre-filled with a sufficient amount of hydrogen sulfide absorption liquid for the absorption and treatment of hydrogen sulfide generated by the device. The hydrogen sulfide adsorption column 4-2-2 is built with activated carbon or other solid adsorbents, which are used for the physical adsorption of residual trace H2S gas overflowing from the tail gas liquid collection barrel 4-2-1. The gas outlet end of the hydrogen sulfide adsorption column 4-2-2 is connected to the ventilation port of the safety cabinet 4-1 through a pipeline, so that any residual trace amount of hydrogen sulfide gas that may appear can be discharged in time through the exhaust system.

[0052] Preferably, the absorption liquid in the tail gas liquid collection barrel 4-2-1 is a saturated CuSO4 solution, and the solid adsorbent in the hydrogen sulfide adsorption column 4-2-2 is activated carbon. The outlet end of the hydrogen sulfide adsorption column 4-2-2 is connected to the vent of the safety cabinet 4-1 through a pipeline, so that the residual trace hydrogen sulfide gas that may appear can be discharged in time through the exhaust system.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the main control module 5 includes a main control computer 5-1 and a smart touch screen 5-2. The main control computer 5-1 monitors the working status and key operating parameters of the equipment and transmits them to the smart touch screen 5-2 embedded in the front panel of the safety cabinet 4-1, and displays the monitoring data of various index parameters of the reactor module 2 in real time during operation, including pH, temperature, redox potential, hydrogen sulfide concentration in the reactor headspace, and sulfide ion concentration in the reactor outlet water. Preferably, the main control computer 5-1 selects the smart touch screen 5-2 industrial control all-in-one machine, which is configured with no less than 15-inch touch screen display, Core i58G, 256G, DB9.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides an experimental method for oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research, using the above-mentioned oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research experimental device, including the following steps:

[0055] S1: Experimental preparation stage: assemble the modules of the experimental device and determine the parameters of each module according to the target oilfield conditions.

[0056] Specifically, according to the water quality of the target oil field and the specific working conditions of the water injection development process, the key parameters such as the operating temperature of the reactor module 2, the particle size of the quartz sand filler in the reactor column 2-1, and the flow rate of the reactor water injection pump 1-1 are determined. The injection water collected from the target oil field or the wellhead produced water or the artificially prepared simulated injection water is used as the inlet water of the reactor; the quartz sand filler with the porosity and permeability similar to those of the target oil reservoir core is added to the reactor column 2-1 to fill the reactor column 2-1, and then the crude oil collected from the target oil field is injected into the reactor column 2-1, and the other components of the reactor are connected so that the whole device and the pipeline are in a connected state, and then the high-purity inert gas is slowly introduced, and the valves at each node are selectively closed to check whether the airtightness of the device is good.

[0057] S2: During the experiment, the water injection module 1 is used to simulate the process of injecting water and adding reagents.

[0058] Specifically, turn on the inert gas cylinder, peristaltic pump, water bath temperature controller and other equipment and components, and adjust the flow rate of the water injection pump 1-1 to ensure that the hydraulic retention time of the injected water in the reactor column 2-1 is the same or similar to the hydraulic retention time of the target oilfield water injection development process. After the reactor effluent flows into the effluent buffer tank 2-8 and the tail gas liquid collection barrel 4-2-1, turn on each monitoring sensor to start monitoring various indicators and data collection. According to specific experimental purposes, by adding bactericides or inhibitors, specific sulfate-reducing bacteria liquids, etc. to the injected water, studies on microbial production of hydrogen sulfide and dynamic changes in bacterial flora, and evaluation of the effects of bactericides or inhibitors are carried out.

[0059] S3: Data collection and analysis: the indicator parameter monitoring module 3 sends the monitoring information to the main control module 5 to facilitate the staff's analysis and research.

[0060] Specifically, the data collected and stored by the multiple index parameter monitoring sensors configured by the device during the experiment are transmitted to the main control computer 5-1 through the data transmission line, and the stored data can be specifically analyzed to explore the process of hydrogen sulfide production by microorganisms and the influencing factors and dynamic change rules. The relevant gas and water samples can also be collected through the gas sampling port 2-5 and water outlet 2-6 equipped by the device to carry out offline test analysis of the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, methane and other gases, and test analysis of the microbial flora structure in the water.

[0061] Example 2: Dynamic study of hydrogen sulfide production by microorganisms under different oil field or process scenarios

[0062] On the basis of Example 1, the dynamic law of hydrogen sulfide production by microorganisms in different oil fields can also be studied. The reactor module 2 includes 4-6 parallel reactor cylinders 2-1, each of which operates independently for 3-6 months. The key parameters of its operation, such as temperature, core permeability, crude oil saturation, etc., can be simulated by the operation of the parallel reactor cylinders 2-1. Therefore, it can be used to compare the dynamic simulation study of the process of hydrogen sulfide production by microorganisms in 4-6 target oil fields or different water injection development processes. The diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria from different oil fields, the ability to produce hydrogen sulfide, and the dynamic change law are evaluated by analyzing the number of bacterial sulfate-reducing bacteria, the diversity of bacterial flora, and the structure of the effluent samples collected regularly.

[0063] Example 3: Screening experiment of efficient fungicides for microbial hydrogen sulfide production

[0064] On the basis of Example 1, the mother solution of fungicide is added to the water storage tank 1-2 to achieve the purpose of evaluating the effects of different fungicides and screening high-efficiency fungicides. The specific implementation process is:

[0065] Referring to Example 1, 6 reactor columns 2-1 were selected for parallel operation. During the first month of operation, the injected water in the inlet liquid storage barrel 1-2 was the injected water of the target oil field, and the temperature of the reactor column 2-1 was set to 60°C to operate the device. The hydrogen sulfide concentration data confirmed that the sulfate-reducing bacteria in the reactor had colonized in the reactor column 2-1 and stably produced hydrogen sulfide. This stage is the control period for hydrogen sulfide production. Thereafter, the mother liquors prepared from the 6 fungicides were taken and added to the inlet liquid storage barrels 1-2 corresponding to the 6 parallel reactor columns 2-1, and the initial experimental concentration of the fungicide was adjusted by adding the volume of the mother liquor. The fungicide enters the reactor column 2-1 with the injected water, and is adjusted according to the headspace hydrogen sulfide gas concentration and the S 2- The hydrogen sulfide inhibition rate was calculated based on the change in ion concentration. The effect of the fungicide was then determined by the change in the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the effluent sample. 2- A comprehensive comparison of ion concentration and the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria is used to determine the type of high-efficiency fungicide and the corresponding working concentration.

[0066] Example 4: Comparative experiment on the effect of oilfield microbial hydrogen sulfide production prevention and control technology

[0067] Through reasonable parallel reactor column 2-1 grouping, a comparative experiment on the effect of oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control technology was carried out. The specific implementation process is:

[0068] One reactor column 2-1 is selected as the control reactor (No. 1), and two reactor columns 2-1 are selected as treatment reactors, namely, the treatment groups with bactericide (No. 2) and bioinhibition technology (No. 3) respectively. All operating parameters such as the inlet flow rate, operating temperature, and crude oil saturation of the target oil field of the three reactor columns 2-1 are kept consistent. The only difference is the inlet water components. The inlet water storage barrel 1-2 of the control reactor No. 1 is the injection water of the target oil field, the inlet water storage barrel 1-2 of the reactor No. 2 is injected with a chemical bactericide of a specific concentration to be evaluated, and the inlet water storage barrel 1-2 of the reactor No. 3 is injected with nitrate-reducing bacteria to be evaluated and a nutrient of a specific concentration.

[0069] The operation cycle of the entire experiment is not less than 3 months. The first month is a parallel comparison period. During this stage, the water storage tanks 1-2 are all injected water from the target oil field. The purpose is to make the hydrogen sulfide production activity of the microorganisms in the three reactors similar. The operation consistency of the three reactors is judged by the multi-parameter sensors installed in the device and the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the effluent samples.

[0070] Two months later and in subsequent periods, the experiment of comparative analysis of the effects of fungicides and biological control technologies was started according to the predetermined experimental grouping. 2- The changes in ion concentration, number of sulfate-reducing bacteria, bacterial diversity and community structure are used to comprehensively judge the effectiveness of different prevention and control technologies.

[0071] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0072] The present invention has the function of simulating the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria and the dynamic changes of hydrogen sulfide production during water injection development, and can achieve the research purposes of studying the hydrogen sulfide generation process and mechanism of oilfield microbial sources, the development of hydrogen sulfide hazard prevention and control technology, and effect evaluation within a long experimental period. The device provided by the present invention has the function and characteristics of online monitoring and automatic control of multiple index parameters, and can better simulate the growth dynamics of sulfate-reducing bacteria and other microorganisms during oilfield water injection development. It has the advantages of strong pertinence, diverse application scenarios, and wide application in conducting oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide and prevention and control research.

[0073] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research, characterized by: It includes a reactor module, which simulates the living environment of microorganisms. The microorganisms grow and reproduce in the reactor module. The reactor module is respectively connected to a water injection module and an index parameter monitoring module. Water and medicine are injected into the reactor module through the water injection module. The living environment of the microorganisms is monitored through the index parameter monitoring module. The index parameter monitoring module is connected to a main control module, and the index parameter monitoring module sends monitoring information to the main control module to facilitate analysis and research by the staff.

2. The oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor module includes a reactor column, which is made of high-temperature resistant glass. A water sampling port is provided on the upper part of the reactor column. A jacket layer is provided on the outside of the reactor column. A circulating water inlet is provided at the bottom of the jacket layer. A circulating water outlet is provided at the top of the jacket layer. The temperature inside the reactor column is controlled by an external circulating water bath. A packing layer is provided inside the reactor column. The packing layer provides an attachment medium for the microorganisms. An end cover is provided on the top of the reactor column. The end cover is a quick-opening structure, and a gas sampling port is provided on the upper part of the end cover.

3. The oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water injection module includes a water injection pump and an inert gas balance unit. A water inlet is provided at the bottom of the reactor column. The water inlet is connected to a water inlet storage barrel through the water injection pump. The inert gas balance unit includes a nitrogen cylinder. The nitrogen cylinder passes nitrogen into the water inlet storage barrel and is pumped into the reactor column along with the liquid.

4. An oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research experimental device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The index parameter monitoring module includes a temperature monitoring unit, and the temperature monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is placed on the jacket layer, and the temperature sensor sends the monitored information to the main control module.

5. An oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research experimental device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The index parameter monitoring module includes an H2S concentration monitoring unit, and the H2S concentration monitoring unit includes an H2S gas concentration sensor. The H2S gas concentration sensor is placed on the end cover, and the H2S gas concentration sensor sends the monitored information to the main control module.

6. An oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research experimental device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The water outlet is connected to the water outlet buffer tank through a water outlet U-shaped seal, and the indicator parameter monitoring module includes a pH / Eh online monitoring unit and an S 2- Concentration monitoring unit, the pH / Eh online monitoring unit includes a pH / Eh sensor, the S 2- Concentration monitoring unit includes S 2- Sensor, the pH / Eh sensor and the S 2- The sensors are placed in the water outlet buffer tank, the pH / Eh sensor and the S 2- The sensor sends the monitored information to the main control module.

7. An experimental device for oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a safety protection module, which includes a safety cabinet. The reactor module is placed in the safety cabinet. An exhaust port is provided on the top of the safety cabinet, and the exhaust port is connected to the exhaust system. A hydrogen sulfide alarm is provided on the top of the safety cabinet. The reactor module is connected to the tail gas liquid treatment unit through a gas pipeline.

8. An experimental method for oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research, using the oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1: Assemble the modules of the experimental device and determine the parameters of each module according to the target oilfield conditions; S2: Through the water injection module, simulate the process of water injection and reagent addition; S3: The indicator parameter monitoring module sends the monitoring information to the main control module to facilitate staff analysis and research.

9. The experimental method for oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control according to claim 8, characterized in that: The S1 comprises the following steps, S11: using injection water collected from the target oil field, wellhead produced water or artificially prepared simulated injection water as the inlet water of the reactor and pumping it into the reactor column; S12: adding quartz sand filler with porosity and permeability similar to those of the target reservoir core into the reactor column to fill the column; S13: injecting crude oil collected from a target oil field into the reactor column; S14: The device is connected and high-purity inert gas is introduced.

10. An experimental method for oilfield microbial source hydrogen sulfide prevention and control research according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The S2 comprises the following steps, S21: Open each equipment component, and ensure that the hydraulic retention time of the injected water in the reactor column is the same as or close to the hydraulic retention time of the target oilfield water injection development process by adjusting the flow rate of the water injection pump; S22: After the effluent from the reactor flows into the effluent buffer tank and the tail gas liquid collection tank, each monitoring sensor is turned on to start monitoring each indicator and collecting data; S23: According to the experimental purpose, bactericides, inhibitors or sulfate-reducing bacteria solution are added to the injected water.

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