River channel cleaning system and method for ecological restoration

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of river channel cleaning, and particularly relates to a river channel cleaning system and method for ecological restoration. A riverway cleaning system for ecological restoration comprises a sediment absorption structure, the sediment absorption structure is arranged in a linear riverway, symmetrical wavy fences are arranged on the two sides of the linear riverway, the wavy fences divide the linear riverway into a plurality of reshaping units arranged in sequence, and each reshaping unit comprises an accelerated circulation section and a decelerated circulation section; a sediment gate which is dynamically opened and closed is arranged at the accelerated circulation section, the sediment absorption structure is provided with a double-wavy estuary line and a cavity peninsula structural body, the cavity peninsula structural body is backfilled with deposited sediment in the linear river channel, and a floating lifting platform is arranged on the downstream side of the wavy fence. The double-wave-shaped estuary line is constructed through the sediment absorption structure, the sediment absorption structure and the estuary line act together, automatic cleaning and automatic recycling of sediment of the river channel are achieved, and meanwhile ecological rich river channel wind and light are constructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of river channel cleaning, and in particular relates to a river channel cleaning system and method for ecological restoration. Background Art

[0002] Due to the canalization of the river, the ecology of some urban rivers has seriously degraded, and the river morphology is uniform, resulting in a decrease in river morphological diversity, which has an adverse impact on biodiversity. Most of the river channels are sloped, and the slopes are mostly silty soil, which is prone to soil erosion, and the river channels often need to repair the bank protection; at the same time, when the river channel is dredged, the silt on the riverbed needs to be transported out for treatment, and the sediment deposition in the river channel is random, so the entire river channel needs to be dredged, which leads to high labor intensity of dredging operations and high dredging costs.

[0003] Ecological restoration refers to stopping human interference in the ecosystem to reduce the load pressure, relying on the self-regulation and self-organization ability of the ecosystem to make it evolve in an orderly direction, or using the self-recovery ability of the ecosystem, supplemented by artificial measures, to gradually restore the damaged ecosystem or make the ecosystem develop in a virtuous cycle. In order to help urban rivers reproduce the natural landscape of clear water, green banks, and beautiful rivers, the use of ecological restoration technology to build an aquatic ecological environment in the river, combined with the development concept of green environmental protection, has gradually become a hot topic for people's development.

[0004] Therefore, in order to produce better ecological effects and reduce the cost of river cleaning, the invention with application publication number CN116395859 A discloses an ecological restoration method for river morphology, which includes the following steps: surveying the target river and determining the ecological environment of the target river; dividing the target river into a sedimentation section and an accelerated flow section arranged alternately along the river flow direction according to the ecological environment; setting an arc-shaped enclosure wall on both sides of the accelerated flow section; dredging the sedimentation section, and making the riverbed silt into fiber silt and backfilling it to the inner side of the enclosure wall to form a peninsula wetland. That is, by using spatial segmentation and ecological restoration technology, the restoration of the river morphology is achieved, and the silt is cleaned at a fixed point and concentrated, which reduces the labor intensity of the dredging operation and reduces the cost of the dredging operation. However, the technical solution disclosed in the above invention patent still has the problem of difficulty in dredging and backfilling. The silt cleaning and turnover processing procedures are complicated, and regular fixed-point cleaning and turnover are required. It is necessary to backfill the silt while spreading grass fibers. It is also necessary to use professional machinery such as mixers to mix the silt and grass fibers, and it is impossible to achieve automatic dredging and backfilling. At the same time, in the process of dredging, either water supply needs to be stopped or diverted, or serious turbidity currents will occur in the river. Turbidity currents not only affect the ecosystem and ecological landscape, but also cause turbidity current sedimentation. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a river cleaning system that can achieve automatic dredging. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a river channel cleaning system and method for ecological restoration. The river channel cleaning system constructs a double-wave estuary line through a sediment disposal structure. The sediment disposal structure and the estuary line work together to achieve automatic cleaning and automatic recovery of silt deposited in the river channel, while constructing an ecologically rich river scenery.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a river channel cleaning system for ecological restoration, including a sediment disposal structure, wherein the sediment disposal structure is arranged in a straight river channel, and mutually symmetrical wave-shaped enclosures are arranged on both sides of the straight river channel, and the wave-shaped enclosures divide the straight river channel into a plurality of reshaping units arranged in sequence, and the reshaping units include an accelerating flow section and a decelerating flow section, and a sediment gate with dynamic opening and closing is provided at the accelerating flow section. The side of the sediment disposal structure close to the center of the straight river channel is the water-facing surface, and the side away from the center of the straight river channel is the water-receiving surface, the water-facing surface and the river bank form a double wavy estuary line, and the water-receiving surface and the river bank form a wavy cavity peninsula structure, and the cavity peninsula structure is backfilled with silted sediment in the straight river channel, and a floating lifting platform is provided on the water-receiving side of the wavy enclosure.

[0007] The top projection of the wavy enclosure is in the shape of a sine wave.

[0008] A grass fiber storage mechanism is arranged inside the wave-shaped enclosure of the accelerated flow section, and grass fibers are arranged inside the mechanism.

[0009] A filter is provided at the wave-shaped enclosure of the deceleration flow section, and the filter can be flattened and laid flat, or can be laid in a wave shape without being flattened.

[0010] The filter screen is made of metal, silk thread, nylon, bamboo raft or straw carpet. The filter screen is single-layer or multi-layer. When the filter screen is multi-layer, the apertures of each layer of the filter screen are the same or different. When the filter screen is single-layer or multi-layer, the apertures of the single-layer filter screen are the same or different. When the apertures of the single-layer filter screen are different, the apertures gradually decrease from bottom to top.

[0011] The upper end of the silt gate is connected to a tractor, and the lower end is connected to a silt blocking structure, and an elastic device is arranged on the tractor.

[0012] The silt blocking structure is a pocket-shaped structure, the upper end of the pocket-shaped structure is connected to the silt gate, the two sides of the upper end of the pocket-shaped structure are slidably connected to the wave-shaped enclosure, the lower end of the pocket-shaped structure and the two sides of the lower end are located upstream of the corresponding silt gate and fixedly connected to the riverbed, and in a natural state when it does not receive silt accumulation, the pocket-shaped structure is a slope structure, and the slope of the pocket-shaped structure is inclined toward the downstream.

[0013] A guide is provided between the silt gate and the wave-shaped enclosure, and the guide is a slider guide in which a slider cooperates with a slide groove or a guide wheel guide in which a guide groove cooperates with a roller.

[0014] The silt gate adopts an arc structure that fits the water-facing surface of the wave-shaped enclosure, and a sealing strip is provided between the silt gate and the wave-shaped enclosure.

[0015] A river cleaning method for ecological restoration, using the river cleaning system for ecological restoration as described above, comprises the following steps: S1: When the sediment-laden river water flows through the sediment absorption structure, the river water in the accelerated flow section will accelerate through, and carry the sediment to the downstream deceleration flow section. The sediment gradually accumulates in the deceleration flow section and remains in the cavity peninsula structure; S2: When the amount of sediment deposited in the accelerated flow section reaches the threshold, the sediment gate is passively opened, and the deposited sediment enters the backwater side of the wave-like enclosure along with the water flow, and the grass fiber is automatically mixed into the sediment. Then the sediment and grass fiber are retained by the filter on the backwater side of the wave-like enclosure, and the water is discharged to the downstream deceleration flow section through the filter. Then the mixture of sediment and grass fiber retained on the backwater side of the wave-like enclosure is flattened, cleaned and recycled by the floating lifting platform.

[0016] The technical effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention constructs a double wavy estuary line through a silt disposal structure. The silt disposal structure and the estuary line work together to realize the automatic cleaning and automatic recovery of silt deposited in the river channel, and at the same time construct an ecologically rich river scenery; 2. The present invention arranges mutually symmetrical wavy enclosures on the left and right sides of a linear river channel, and preferably sets the overhead projection of the wavy enclosure to a sine wave shape, so that the river surface includes a number of reshaping units arranged in sequence, each reshaping unit includes an accelerating flow section with a gradually decreasing width and a decelerating flow section with a gradually increasing width, which can regularly change the flow rate of the river water. In the river channel, the accelerating flow section with a gradually decreasing width and the decelerating flow section with a gradually increasing width are alternately arranged, so that the silt passes quickly through the accelerating flow section with a small amount of siltation, and accumulates in the decelerating section. The flow section gradually accumulates, realizing balanced sediment accumulation and automatic recovery; 3. The present invention sets a dynamic opening and closing sediment gate at the part where the wave-shaped enclosures on both sides are close to each other - the accelerated flow section. The sediment gate opens and closes periodically. Its essence is that when the sediment accumulation reaches a threshold, the sediment gate opens, and the accumulated sediment flows to the back side of the wave-shaped enclosure along with the accelerated flow; when the sediment accumulation is less than the threshold, the sediment gate closes automatically and operates automatically according to the sediment accumulation working conditions, thereby realizing unmanned operation and automatic recovery of sediment; 4 1. The present invention uses the silt that needs to be cleaned and circulated as an intermediary - as a power source for opening and closing the silt gate. The upper end of the silt gate is connected to a traction machine, and the lower end is connected to a silt blocking structure. When the amount of silt accumulation reaches a threshold, it can overcome the pulling force of the traction machine and break the balance, thereby causing the silt gate to slide down and open, turning harm into benefit and using one thing for multiple purposes; 5. A grass fiber storage mechanism is provided on the inner side of the wave-shaped enclosure of the accelerated flow section of the present invention. The outlet of the grass fiber storage mechanism corresponds to the silt gate. When the silt gate is automatically opened, , the accelerated flowing water carries the silt and enters the backwater side of the wavy enclosure from the gate. At the same time, under the impact and guidance of the water flow, the grass fibers in the grass fiber storage mechanism are discharged in a follow-up manner, so that the grass fibers and silt and silt are mixed, and the wetland peninsula is automatically constructed; 6. A floating lifting platform is provided on the backwater side of the wavy enclosure of the present invention, and a filter screen is provided at the wavy enclosure of the deceleration flow section. The mesh size of the filter screen is sufficient to intercept the silt and allow water to pass through. The floating lifting platform is used for compacting the silt and cleaning the filter screen, so as to realize automatic mixing and pressure filtration.

[0017] The following is a further description with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a top view of a river cleaning system for ecological restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Section view of the AA plane.

[0020] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Sectional view of the BB plane.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the state of the silt gate when it is closed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the state when the sediment gate is opened according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure numbers: 1-double wavy estuary line, 11-silt deposited silt, 2-cavity peninsula structure, 3-straight river channel, 4-wavy enclosure, 41-silt gate, 42-traction machine, 421-elastic device, 43-silt blocking structure, 44-grass fiber storage mechanism, 441-grass fiber, 45-floating lifting platform, 5-shaping unit, 51-acceleration flow section, 52-deceleration flow section, 53-filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1~Figure 5 As shown, a river channel cleaning system for ecological restoration includes a sediment disposal structure, which is arranged in a straight river channel 3. Mutually symmetrical wave-shaped enclosures 4 are arranged on both sides of the straight river channel 3. The wave-shaped enclosures 4 divide the straight river channel 3 into a plurality of reshaping units 5 arranged in sequence. The reshaping units 5 include an accelerating flow section 51 and a decelerating flow section 52. A dynamically opened and closed sediment gate 41 is provided at the accelerating flow section 51. The side of the sediment disposal structure close to the center of the straight river channel 3 is the water-facing surface, and the side away from the center of the straight river channel 3 is the water-receiving surface. The water-facing surface and the river bank form a double wavy estuary line 1, and the water-receiving surface and the river bank form a wavy cavity peninsula structure 2. The cavity peninsula structure 2 is backfilled with silted sediment 11 in the straight river channel 3. A floating lifting platform 45 is provided on the water-receiving side of the wavy enclosure 4.

[0025] During actual use, when the silt-containing river water of the present invention flows through the silt disposal structure, the river water in the acceleration flow section 51 will accelerate through and carry the silt to the downstream deceleration flow section 52, and the silt will gradually accumulate in the deceleration flow section 52 and remain in the cavity peninsula structure 2; when the amount of silt deposited in the acceleration flow section 51 reaches a threshold, the silt gate 41 is passively opened, and the accumulated silt enters the backwater side of the wave-like enclosure 4 with the water flow, and at the same time, the grass fiber is automatically mixed into the silt, and then the silt and grass fiber are retained by the filter screen on the backwater side of the wave-like enclosure 4, and the water is discharged to the downstream deceleration flow section 52 through the filter screen, and then the mixture of silt and grass fiber retained on the backwater side of the wave-like enclosure 4 is flattened, cleaned, and recovered by the floating lifting platform 45. The double wavy estuary line constructed by the sediment disposal structure of the present invention can regularly change the flow rate of the river water by forming the sequentially arranged reshaping units. In the river channel, the accelerating flow section with a gradually decreasing width and the decelerating flow section with a gradually increasing width are alternately arranged. The sediment passes quickly through the accelerating flow section and accumulates a small amount, and gradually accumulates in the decelerating flow section. When the sediment accumulated in the decelerating flow section reaches a certain amount, the sediment gradually accumulates between the decelerating flow section and the accelerating flow section. After reaching the threshold, the sediment gate on the accelerating flow section automatically opens, and the accumulated sediment enters the backwater side of the wavy enclosure with the water flow and is flattened by the floating lifting mechanism. The double wavy estuary line is constructed by the sediment disposal structure. The sediment disposal structure and the estuary line work together to realize the automatic cleaning and automatic recovery of sediment accumulated in the river channel, and at the same time construct an ecologically rich river channel scenery. Example 2

[0026] Preferably, based on Example 1, in this embodiment, the top projection of the wavy enclosure 4 is a sine wave.

[0027] During actual use, the top projection of the wave-shaped enclosure 4 of the present invention is sinusoidal, so that the river surface includes a number of reshaped units arranged in sequence, each of which includes an accelerating flow section with a gradually decreasing width and a decelerating flow section with a gradually increasing width. Example 3

[0028] Preferably, on the basis of Example 1 or Example 2, in this embodiment, a grass fiber storage mechanism 44 is provided inside the wave-shaped enclosure 4 of the accelerating flow section 51 , and grass fibers 441 are provided inside the grass fiber storage mechanism 44 .

[0029] During actual use, a grass fiber storage mechanism is provided on the inner side of the wave-shaped enclosure of the accelerated flow section of the present invention, and the outlet of the grass fiber storage mechanism corresponds to the sediment gate. When the sediment gate is automatically opened, the accelerated flow of water carries the sediment into the backwater side of the wave-shaped enclosure from the gate. At the same time, under the impact and guidance of the water flow, the grass fibers in the grass fiber storage mechanism are discharged in a follow-up manner, thereby achieving the mixing of grass fibers and silt and sediment. Example 4

[0030] Preferably, on the basis of Example 1, in this embodiment, a filter screen 53 is provided at the wavy enclosure 4 of the deceleration flow section 52. The filter screen 53 can be flattened and laid flat, or laid in a wavy shape without being flattened. The material of the filter screen 53 is metal, silk thread, nylon, bamboo raft or straw carpet. The filter screen 3 is single-layer or multi-layer. When the filter screen 53 is multi-layer, the apertures of each layer of the filter screen are the same or different. When the filter screen 53 is single-layer or multi-layer, the apertures of the single-layer filter screen are the same or different. When the apertures of the single-layer filter screen are different, the apertures gradually decrease from bottom to top.

[0031] In actual use, a filter screen 53 is provided at the wave-shaped enclosure 4 of the deceleration flow section 52 of the present invention, and the filter screen 53 is used to intercept sediment and allow water to pass. The filter screen 53 can be made of metal, silk thread, nylon and other materials to make a standard structural member with uniform aperture, or it can also be made of a bamboo raft or a straw carpet structure used in the patent literature cited in the background technology part, or other composite materials. The filter screen 53 can be a single layer or two or more layers. When two or more layers of filter screens are used, the apertures of each layer of the filter screen 53 can be the same or different. Whether a single layer of filter screen 53 or two or more layers of filter screen 53 is used, the aperture of the filter screen 53 can be uniform or different, for example, the aperture of the filter screen 53 gradually decreases from bottom to top. The filter screen 53 can be flattened and laid flat, or it can be laid in a wavy shape without being flattened. When the filter screen 53 is laid flat, it can be laid vertically or tilted, and the tilt direction can also be reasonably selected. When the filter screen 53 is laid in a wavy shape, it may be wavy in the length direction of the filter screen 53 , in the height direction of the filter screen 53 , or in the diagonal direction of the filter screen 53 . Example 5

[0032] Preferably, on the basis of Example 1 or Example 4, in this embodiment, the upper end of the sediment gate 41 is connected to a tractor 42 , and the lower end is connected to a sediment blocking structure 43 , and the tractor 42 is provided with an elastic device 421 .

[0033] During actual use, the present invention utilizes the silt that needs to be cleaned and circulated as the power source for opening and closing the silt gate. The upper end of the silt gate is connected to a traction mechanism and the lower end is connected to a silt blocking mechanism. When the amount of silt accumulation reaches a threshold, it can overcome the pulling force of the traction mechanism and break the balance, thereby causing the silt gate to slide down and open. The elastic device 421 can be a spring hung between the wave-shaped enclosure 4 and the silt gate 41 or a piston-type structure with a compressible internal medium. There are also multiple options for the spring, such as a coil spring, a gas spring, an oil spring, etc. Example 6

[0034] Preferably, on the basis of Example 1 or Example 5 or Example 5, in this embodiment, the silt blocking structure 43 is a pocket-shaped structure, the upper end of the pocket-shaped structure is connected to the silt gate 41, the two sides of the upper end of the pocket-shaped structure are slidably connected to the wave-shaped enclosure 4, the lower end of the pocket-shaped structure and the two sides of the lower end are located upstream of the corresponding silt gate 41 and fixedly connected to the riverbed, and in the natural state when it does not receive the deposited silt 11, the pocket-shaped structure is a slope structure, and the slope of the pocket-shaped structure is inclined toward the downstream.

[0035] During actual use, the silt blocking structure 43 described in the present invention is a pocket-shaped structure, the upper end of the pocket-shaped structure is connected to the silt gate 41, the two sides of the upper end of the pocket-shaped structure are slidably connected to the wave-shaped enclosure 4, the lower end of the pocket-shaped structure and the two sides of the lower end are located upstream of the corresponding silt gate 41 and are fixedly connected to the riverbed. In the natural state when it does not receive the deposited silt 11, the pocket-shaped structure is a slope structure, and the slope of the pocket-shaped structure is inclined toward the downstream, which can block the silt at the riverbed while receiving the silt. Example 7

[0036] Preferably, on the basis of Example 1 or Example 6, in this embodiment, a guide is provided between the sediment gate 41 and the wave-shaped enclosure 4, and the guide is a slider guide in which a slider cooperates with a slide groove or a guide wheel guide in which a guide groove cooperates with a roller.

[0037] During actual use, no matter the present invention adopts a slider guide in which a slider cooperates with a slide groove, or adopts a guide wheel in which a guide groove cooperates with a roller, at least one of the two components that cooperate with each other is a non-metallic part to prevent jamming due to corrosion and rust. More specifically, the slide groove or guide groove can be set on the wavy enclosure 4, and the slider or roller can be set on the sediment gate 41; or the slide groove or guide groove can be set on the sediment gate 41, and the slider or roller can be set on the wavy enclosure 4. Example 8

[0038] The silt gate 41 adopts an arc-shaped structure that fits the water-facing surface of the wave-shaped enclosure 4 , and a sealing strip is provided between the silt gate 41 and the wave-shaped enclosure 4 .

[0039] During actual use, the silt gate 41 of the present invention adopts an arc structure that fits the water-facing surface of the wave-shaped enclosure 4, and a sealing strip is provided between the silt gate 41 and the wave-shaped enclosure 4. The silt gate 41 can adopt an arc structure that fits the water-facing surface of the wave-shaped enclosure 400, or can adopt a rectangular structure with a general fit with the water-facing surface of the wave-shaped enclosure 4; a sealing strip is provided between the silt gate 41 and the wave-shaped enclosure 4, or no sealing strip is provided. When a sealing strip is provided, the sealing strip can be arranged on the silt gate 41 or on the wave-shaped enclosure 4. Example 9

[0040] A river cleaning method for ecological restoration, using the river cleaning system for ecological restoration as described above, comprises the following steps: S1: When the river water containing sediment flows through the sediment disposal structure, the river water in the acceleration flow section 51 will accelerate and carry the sediment to the downstream deceleration flow section 52. The sediment gradually accumulates in the deceleration flow section 52 and remains in the cavity peninsula structure 2; S2: When the amount of sediment deposited in the acceleration flow section 51 reaches a threshold value, the sediment gate 41 is passively opened, and the deposited sediment enters the backwater side of the wave-shaped enclosure 4 along with the water flow, and at the same time, the grass fiber is automatically mixed into the sediment, and then the sediment and grass fiber are retained by the filter screen on the backwater side of the wave-shaped enclosure 4, and the water is discharged to the downstream deceleration flow section 52 through the filter screen, and then the mixture of sediment and grass fiber retained on the backwater side of the wave-shaped enclosure 4 is flattened, cleaned, and recovered by the floating lifting platform 45.

[0041] The present invention constructs a double wavy estuary line 1 through a sediment disposal structure. The side of the sediment disposal structure facing the river channel is the water-facing side, and the side away from the river channel is the backwater side. The backwater side and the river bank form a wavy cavity peninsula structure 2. The cavity peninsula structure 2 is used to backfill the silt 11 in the river channel. That is, the water-facing side forms a double wavy estuary line 1, and the cavity peninsula structure 2 formed by the backwater side is used for sediment disposal. The sediment disposal structure and the estuary line work together to realize the automatic cleaning and automatic recycling of the silt 110 deposited in the river channel, and at the same time construct an ecologically rich river scenery. The specific functions are as follows: The present invention can make the sediment in the river channel deposit evenly and be automatically recovered; the present invention arranges mutually symmetrical wave-shaped enclosures 4 on the left and right sides of the linear river channel 3, and preferably sets the top projection of the wave-shaped enclosure 4 to be sinusoidal. Of course, in addition to the sinusoidal wave, other waveforms can also be used. The essence is to make the river surface include a number of reshaping units 5 arranged in sequence, and each reshaping unit 5 includes an accelerating flow section 51 with a gradually narrowing width and a decelerating flow section 52 with a gradually widening width. In each reshaping unit 5, the river water in the accelerating flow section 51 will accelerate through, and carry the sediment to the downstream decelerating flow section 52, then the sediment gradually deposits in the decelerating flow section 52, and there is only a small amount of sediment deposited in the accelerating flow section 51, then the reshaping units 5 arranged in sequence can evenly disperse the sediment in the entire river channel in each reshaping unit 5, without the need for manual inspection of the sedimentation of the riverbed, and without the need for the sediment to be deposited and cleaned at a fixed point. The present invention uses the amount of sediment deposited in the accelerated flow section 51 as a trigger condition for automatic cleaning, uses the water flow in the accelerated flow section 51 as a power source for automatic cleaning, uses the sediment gate 41 set on the wave-shaped enclosure 4 as a passively triggered follow-up gate, and uses the cavity peninsula structure 2 surrounded by the wave-shaped enclosure 4 as a sediment disposal space. When the amount of sediment deposited in the accelerated flow section 51 reaches a threshold, the sediment gate 41 is passively opened, and the accelerated flow not only entrains the sediment deposited in the accelerated flow section 51 into the disposal space surrounded by the wave-shaped enclosure 4, but also attracts the sediment in the deceleration flow section 52 to the disposal space surrounded by the wave-shaped enclosure 4. The sediment in the disposal space is retained in the downstream deceleration flow section 52 after being filtered by the downstream deceleration flow section 52, and the river water flows out through the downstream deceleration flow section 52.

[0042] The present invention can realize unattended and automatic recovery of silt; the present invention sets a dynamically opened and closed silt gate 41 at the part where the wave-shaped enclosure 4 on both sides is close to each other, that is, at the accelerated flow section 51, so that the silt gate 41 is opened and closed periodically, and the power of opening and closing comes from the dynamic balance between the preset elastic structure and the amount of silt deposition. Its essence is that when the amount of silt deposition reaches the threshold, the dynamic balance is broken, then the silt gate 41 is opened, and the deposited silt flows along with the accelerated flow of water to the backwater side of the wave-shaped enclosure 4; when the amount of silt deposition is less than the threshold, the dynamic balance is restored, and the silt gate 41 is automatically closed. That is, periodic opening and closing does not require the configuration of power equipment, and its cycle is not a fixed cycle, but is adaptively operated according to the silt deposition working conditions. Preferably, a guide component is set between the silt gate 41 and the wave-shaped enclosure 4 to prevent the silt gate 41 from being misplaced and improve its reliability. There are many specific options for the guide component, such as a slider guide component in which a slider and a slide groove cooperate, a guide wheel component in which a guide groove and a roller cooperate, and the like.

[0043] The present invention has the function of turning harm into benefit and using one thing for multiple purposes; the present invention uses the silt 11 that needs to be cleaned and circulated as an intermediary - as a power source for opening and closing the silt gate 41. The upper end of the silt gate 41 is connected to the traction machine 42 and the lower end is connected to the silt blocking structure 43. When the amount of silt accumulation reaches the threshold, it can overcome the pulling force of the traction mechanism 42 and break the balance, thereby causing the silt gate 41 to slide down and open. The present invention uses an adaptive elastic structure as the dynamic power source of the traction machine 42. The traction machine 42 has a variety of structural forms, but it must have a core component - an elastic device 421, for example, it can be a spring hung between the wave-shaped enclosure 4 and the silt gate 41 or a piston-type structure with a compressible internal medium, wherein the spring also has a variety of options, such as a coil spring, a gas spring, an oil spring, etc. The silt blocking structure 43 also has a variety of structural forms, the core of which is that it can block silt at the bottom of the river while taking up silt. That is, the sum of the mass of the sediment blocking mechanism 43 itself, the mass of the sediment 11 deposited thereon, and the mass of the sediment gate 41 (ignoring the buoyancy and impact of the river water) counteracts the elastic force of the elastic device 421, wherein the independent variable is only the mass of the sediment 11 deposited on the sediment blocking mechanism 43. Therefore, the sediment gate 41 can not only be opened and closed according to the change of the independent variable, but also the opening of the sediment gate 41 is controllable, and its opening has a linear relationship with the mass of the sediment 11 deposited on the sediment blocking mechanism 43, which can further improve the adaptability of the present invention, and the opening of the sediment gate 41 can be adaptively adjusted according to the sedimentation condition of the sediment 11.

[0044] The present invention can automatically construct a wetland peninsula. A grass fiber storage mechanism 44 is provided inside the wave-shaped enclosure 4 of the accelerated flow section 51 of the present invention. The outlet of the grass fiber storage mechanism 44 corresponds to the silt gate 41. When the silt gate 41 is automatically opened, the accelerated flow of water carries the silt from the gate into the backwater side of the wave-shaped enclosure 4. At the same time, under the impact and guidance of the water flow, the grass fibers 441 in the grass fiber storage mechanism 44 are discharged in a follow-up manner to achieve the mixing of the grass fibers 441 and the silt 11. Specifically, the grass fiber storage mechanism 44 can be built into the wave-shaped enclosure 4, that is, a cavity is provided in the wave-shaped enclosure 4 for storing the grass fibers 441, and a storage structure can be arranged on the wave-shaped enclosure 4 of the accelerated flow section 51. The core is that the outlet of the grass fiber storage mechanism 44 corresponds to the silt gate 41, and its shape, size or material and other features can be freely implemented.

[0045] The present invention can realize the automatic mixing and filtration of the silted sand 11 and the grass fiber 441: a floating lifting platform 45 is provided on the backwater side of the wavy enclosure 4, and a filter screen 53 is provided at the wavy enclosure 4 of the deceleration flow section 52. The mesh number of the filter screen 53 is sufficient to intercept the silt and allow water to pass through. The floating lifting platform 45 is used for both compacting the silt and cleaning the filter screen 53. It should be noted that the above-mentioned filter screen 53 is not just a standard structural part with uniform pore size made of metal, silk thread, nylon or other materials, but can also be a structure such as a bamboo raft or a grass carpet used in the patent literature cited in the background technology section. The floating lifting platform 45 does not filter the area near the silt gate 41, which can not only avoid compaction and blockage, but also build a richer small ecosystem in the cavity peninsula structure 2. In addition, a guide mechanism such as a slide rail assembly, a rolling assembly, etc. can be provided between the wavy enclosure 4 and the floating lifting platform 45.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river cleaning system for ecological restoration, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sediment disposal structure, wherein the sediment disposal structure is arranged in a straight river channel (3), and symmetrical wave-shaped enclosures (4) are arranged on both sides of the straight river channel (3), wherein the wave-shaped enclosures (4) divide the straight river channel (3) into a plurality of reshaped units (5) arranged in sequence, wherein the reshaped units (5) comprise an accelerating flow section (51) and a decelerating flow section (52), wherein a dynamically opened and closed sediment gate (41) is arranged at the accelerating flow section (51), wherein the side of the sediment disposal structure close to the center of the straight river channel (3) is a water-facing surface, and the side away from the center of the straight river channel (3) is a water-receiving surface, wherein the water-facing surface and the river bank form a double wave-shaped estuary line (1), and the water-receiving surface and the river bank form a wave-shaped hollow peninsula structure (2), wherein the hollow peninsula structure (2) is backfilled with silt (11) deposited in the straight river channel (3), and a floating lifting platform (45) is arranged on the water-receiving side of the wave-shaped enclosure (4).

2. A river cleaning system for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top-view projection of the wavy enclosure (4) is in the shape of a sine wave.

3. A river cleaning system for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grass fiber storage mechanism (44) is provided inside the wave-shaped enclosure (4) of the accelerating flow section (51), and grass fibers (441) are provided inside the grass fiber storage mechanism (44).

4. A river cleaning system for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen (53) is provided at the wave-shaped enclosure (4) of the decelerating flow section (52); the filter screen (53) can be flattened and laid flat, or can be laid in a wave shape without being flattened.

5. A river cleaning system for ecological restoration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter screen (53) is made of metal, silk, nylon, bamboo raft or straw carpet. The filter screen (53) is single-layer or multi-layer. When the filter screen (53) is multi-layer, the apertures of the filter screens in each layer are the same or different. When the filter screen (53) is single-layer or multi-layer, the apertures of the single-layer filter screens are the same or different. When the apertures of the single-layer filter screens are different, the apertures gradually decrease from bottom to top.

6. A river cleaning system for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the sediment gate (41) is connected to a tractor (42), and the lower end is connected to a sediment blocking structure (43), and an elastic device (421) is provided on the tractor (42).

7. A river cleaning system for ecological restoration according to claim 6, characterized in that: The silt blocking structure (43) is a pocket-shaped structure, the upper end of the pocket-shaped structure is connected to the silt gate (41), the two sides of the upper end of the pocket-shaped structure are slidably connected to the wave-shaped enclosure (4), the lower end of the pocket-shaped structure and the two sides of the lower end are located upstream of the corresponding silt gate (41) and are fixedly connected to the riverbed, and in a natural state when no silt (11) is deposited, the pocket-shaped structure is a slope structure, and the slope of the pocket-shaped structure is inclined toward the downstream.

8. A river cleaning system for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide is provided between the silt gate (41) and the wave-shaped enclosure (4), and the guide is a slider guide in which a slider cooperates with a slide groove, or a guide wheel guide in which a guide groove cooperates with a roller.

9. A river cleaning system for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silt gate (41) adopts an arc-shaped structure that fits the water-facing surface of the wave-shaped enclosure (4), and a sealing strip is provided between the silt gate (41) and the wave-shaped enclosure (4).

10. A river cleaning method for ecological restoration, using the river cleaning system for ecological restoration as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: When the river water containing sediment flows through the sediment absorption structure, the river water in the accelerating flow section (51) will accelerate and carry the sediment to the downstream decelerating flow section (52). The sediment passes quickly in the accelerating flow section (51) and accumulates a small amount, while gradually accumulating in the decelerating flow section (52). When the sediment accumulated in the decelerating flow section (52) reaches a certain amount, the sediment gradually accumulates between the decelerating flow section (52) and the accelerating flow section (51); S2: When the amount of sediment deposited in the accelerating flow section (51) reaches a threshold value, the sediment gate (41) is passively opened, and the deposited sediment flows into the backwater side of the wave-shaped enclosure (4) along with the water flow, and the grass fibers are automatically mixed into the sediment. Then, the sediment and the grass fibers are retained by the filter screen on the backwater side of the wave-shaped enclosure (4), and the water is discharged to the downstream decelerating flow section (52) through the filter screen. Then, the mixture of sediment and grass fibers retained on the backwater side of the wave-shaped enclosure (4) is flattened, cleaned, and recycled by the floating lifting platform (45).

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