Blowout prevention device for petroleum wellhead

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of blowout prevention devices, and particularly discloses a blowout prevention device for a petroleum wellhead, which comprises an oil wellhead, a material receiving barrel is arranged on one side of the oil wellhead, an air cylinder is arranged in the material receiving barrel, a chassis is arranged above the oil wellhead, a transmission mechanism is arranged above the chassis, a guide column is arranged above the chassis, and the oil wellhead is arranged on the guide column. A guide column is arranged in the chassis, a cleaning device is slidably connected to the upper portion of the guide column, a valve body is arranged on the upper portion of the cleaning device, the cleaning device is arranged on one side of the valve body, and a conveying device is arranged on the upper portion of the cleaning device. The impact force generated during blowout can be converted into the fastening force of the screw, so that the screw which is not tightly connected with the wellhead due to the impact force of blowout is tighter, the sealing performance of the wellhead is further consolidated, resealing can be achieved without manual inspection and intervention, and manpower and material resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blowout prevention devices, and more particularly to a blowout prevention device used for a petroleum wellhead. Background Art

[0002] A blowout refers to the phenomenon that formation fluids (oil, gas and water) flow into the wellbore continuously and uncontrollably, spray out of the ground or invade other low-pressure layers. This is an accident that may occur during the exploitation of oil and natural gas, and most of them occur at the exploitation site. There are many reasons for the blowout, including inaccurate control of formation pressure, low mud density, reduced height of the mud column in the well, drilling and suction, and other improper measures. Blowouts are often accompanied by toxic gases, which cause great harm to the environment and humans. In order to prevent blowouts, wellhead blowout preventers should be used, so various wellhead blowout preventers have also come into being.

[0003] The patent with announcement number CN220267654U discloses a blowout prevention device for a petroleum wellhead, which relates to the technical field of blowout prevention devices. In order to solve the problem that the device cannot stably seal the inside of a pipeline and automatically release pressure, the device includes a pipeline, a cover body and a sealing strip. A sealing device is symmetrically arranged inside the pipeline. The sealing device includes a motor and a first straight rod. The motor is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the pipeline through a bracket. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the first straight rod. The motor can drive the first straight rod to rotate. The other end of the first straight rod is movably connected to one end of the second straight rod through a rotating shaft. The other end of the second straight rod is movably connected to the surface of the support rod. The inner surface of the pipeline is fixedly connected to the first hydraulic cylinder. One end of the support rod passes through the opening opened on the pipeline surface and is fixedly connected to the surface of the sealing block.

[0004] The above-mentioned related technical solutions have the following defects: if the blowout prevention device is subjected to too many blowouts, the sealing device will inevitably loosen under the multiple impacts of the blowout. After the loosening occurs, it is necessary to rely on manual inspection to confirm whether the loosening occurs, and the loosened device needs to be manually resealed. In addition, the surface of the box body in this technology will stick to various liquids from the blowout over time, which not only affects the appearance, but the high-viscosity liquid sticking to the surface of the box body will also affect the operation of normal maintenance work. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a blowout prevention device for an oil wellhead to solve the problems existing in the above background technology.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a blowout prevention device for an oil wellhead, comprising an oil wellhead, a material receiving barrel is provided on one side of the oil wellhead, a cylinder is provided inside the material receiving barrel, a chassis is provided above the oil wellhead, a transmission mechanism is provided above the chassis, a guide column is provided above the chassis, a guide column is provided inside the chassis, a cleaning device is slidably connected above the guide column, a valve body is provided above the cleaning device, a valve opening and closing device is provided on one side of the valve body, a cleaning device is provided on the other side of the valve body, a conveying device is provided above the cleaning device, and a displacement sensor is provided at the bottom of the chassis; Furthermore, the valve opening and closing device includes a first rack, which is fixedly connected to the conveying device, and a valve switch is provided below the first rack, and the first rack is meshed and connected with the outer surface of the valve switch.

[0007] Furthermore, the conveying device includes a base plate, the bottom surface of which is fixedly connected to a first support plate and a second support plate, the first support plate is rotatably connected to a screw, the second support plate is fixedly connected to a guide rod, one end of the screw is rotatably connected to a motor, the screw is helically driven with a slider, both ends of the slider are slidably connected to the guide rod, and a support rod is provided between the base plate and the valve body.

[0008] Furthermore, the cleaning device includes a second rack, the upper part of the second rack is fixedly connected to one side of the slider, the lower part of the second rack is meshed with a first gear, the first gear key is connected to a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft key is connected to a first bevel gear, and the lower part of the first bevel gear is meshed and connected to a water sprinkler.

[0009] Furthermore, the water sprinkler includes a sprinkler head, which is trumpet-shaped and narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. A through hole is opened in the middle of the sprinkler head, a circular conical tooth plate is provided on the upper narrow side of the sprinkler head, a water sprinkling hole is opened at the bottom of the sprinkler head, and a plurality of support plates are provided on the inner wall of the sprinkler head. An arc plate is provided below the support plate, and the arc plate is rotatably connected to the guide column.

[0010] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a third rack, the third rack is slidably connected to the guide column, the outer side of the third rack is meshed with the second gear, the center key of the second gear is connected to one end of the transmission rod, a support column is provided between the transmission rod and the chassis, the other end of the transmission rod is keyed to the second bevel gear, the upper part of the second bevel gear is meshed with a convex nail with bevel teeth, the bottom of the convex nail with bevel teeth is connected to a plurality of groove screws through a toothed belt, and the toothed belt is connected to the groove screw pulley.

[0011] Furthermore, the material receiving barrel includes a barrel body, a fixing box is provided on the inner wall of the barrel body, a groove is provided on the side of the fixing box away from the inner wall, a cylinder is provided at the bottom of the groove, and a movable plate is connected to the rod of the cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the guide column includes a column body, the outer wall of the column body is provided with a vertical guide rail groove, the upper surface of the column body is provided with an annular guide rail groove, the third rack is installed in the vertical guide rail groove, the arc plate is installed in the annular guide rail groove, the annular guide rail groove does not interfere with the vertical guide rail groove, and a chassis is provided under the column body.

[0013] Furthermore, the chassis includes a disc body, a plurality of screw holes are provided on the surface of the disc body, the groove screws are threadedly connected to the screw holes, a panel is provided on the outside of the disc body, a drain port is provided on one side of the disc body panel, a telescopic square box is provided below the disc body, the telescopic square box is a telescopic square tube, the third rack is installed inside the square tube, a hole is provided on the inner side of the screw hole for the third rack to extend out, and a force-bearing plate is fixedly connected below the telescopic square box.

[0014] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: 1. The present invention is provided with a transmission mechanism, which is conducive to converting the impact force generated during blowout into the tightening force of the screws, so that the screws that are not tightly connected to the wellhead due to the impact force of the blowout are tightened, further consolidating the sealing of the wellhead, and can be resealed without manual inspection and intervention, saving manpower and material resources.

[0015] 2. The present invention is provided with a cleaning device, which is conducive to washing the chassis surface by using a high-pressure water gun in the water spray when the liquid sprayed from the wellhead adheres to the chassis surface, thereby avoiding the accumulation of liquid and the absorption of various dusts to affect the appearance of the device, and also avoiding the problem of difficulty in maintenance of the device by the staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another angle of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the third rack of the present invention when it is rising.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the water sprinkling structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a top view of the transmission mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the material receiving barrel of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the guide column and the chassis of the present invention.

[0024] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the guide column and chassis of the present invention.

[0025] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. conveying device; 101. bottom plate; 102. first support plate; 103. second support plate; 104. screw; 105. guide rod; 106. slider; 107. support rod; 108. motor; 2. valve opening and closing device; 201. first rack; 202. valve switch; 3. cleaning device; 301. second rack; 302. first gear; 303. transmission shaft; 304. first bevel gear; 305. water sprinkler; 3051. circular bevel gear plate; 3052. sprinkler head; 3053. water sprinkling hole; 3054. support plate; 3055. arc plate; 4. transmission mechanism; 4 01. The third rack; 402. The second gear; 403. The transmission rod; 404. The support column; 405. The second bevel gear; 406. The protruding nail with bevel teeth; 407. The toothed belt; 408. The groove screw; 5. The oil wellhead; 6. The collecting barrel; 601. The barrel body; 602. The fixing box; 603. The cylinder; 604. The movable plate; 7. The guide column; 701. The column body; 702. The vertical guide groove; 703. The annular guide groove; 8. The chassis; 801. The disk body; 802. The screw hole; 803. The drain port; 804. The telescopic square box; 805. The force plate; 9. The valve body; 10. The displacement sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures recorded in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The blowout preventer for an oil wellhead involved in the present invention is not limited to the various structures recorded in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Reference Figure 1The present invention provides a blowout prevention device for an oil wellhead, comprising an oil wellhead 5, a material receiving barrel 6 is provided on one side of the oil wellhead 5, a cylinder 603 is provided inside the material receiving barrel 6, a chassis 8 is provided above the oil wellhead 5, a transmission mechanism 4 is provided above the chassis 8, a guide column 7 is provided above the chassis 8, the chassis 8 is located on the periphery of the guide column 7, a cleaning device 3 is slidably connected above the guide column 7, a valve body 9 is provided above the cleaning device 3, a valve opening and closing device 2 is provided on one side of the valve body 9, a cleaning device 3 is provided on the other side of the valve body 9, a conveying device 1 is provided above the cleaning device 3, the valve opening and closing device 2 comprises a first rack 201, the first rack 201 is fixedly connected to the conveying device 1, a valve switch 202 is provided below the first rack 201, and the first rack 201 is meshedly connected to the outer surface of the valve switch 202; In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that the cylinder 603 is connected to an external air intake pump, so as to continuously deliver gas to the inside of the cylinder 603 .

[0028] The main difference between this embodiment and the prior art is that in this embodiment, the screws loosened by the blowout impact are re-tightened by mutual meshing between gears and racks, so that the blowout prevention device does not need to be manually re-tightened after it is loosened, and the surface of the device is cleaned by the rotation of the nozzle and then the sewage is collected, which is specifically the conveying device 1, the cleaning device 3, and the transmission mechanism 4; The above structure is the main structure of this embodiment, which solves the problem that the blowout preventer is not aesthetically pleasing and affects normal operation when working for a long time. The motor 108 is an existing structure, and the specific structure and connection method of the motor 108 are not described in detail in this embodiment.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 The conveying device 1 includes a bottom plate 101, a first support plate 102 and a second support plate 103 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bottom plate 101, the first support plate 102 is rotatably connected to a screw rod 104, the second support plate 103 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 105, one end of the screw rod 104 is rotatably connected to a motor 108, the screw rod 104 is helically driven with a slider 106, both ends of the slider 106 are slidably connected to the guide rod 105, and a support rod 107 is provided between the bottom plate 101 and the valve body 9.

[0030] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: when the motor 108 is started and rotates forward, driving the screw 104 to rotate in the corresponding direction, the slider 106 moves linearly toward the direction close to the motor 108 under the action of the spiral transmission and the limit of the guide rod 105; when the motor 108 rotates reversely, driving the screw 104 to rotate in the corresponding direction, the slider 106 moves away from the motor 108 under the action of the spiral transmission and the limit of the guide rod 105.

[0031] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cleaning device 3 includes a second rack 301, the upper part of the second rack 301 is fixedly connected to one side of the slider 106, the lower part of the second rack 301 is meshed with a first gear 302, the first gear 302 is key-connected to a transmission shaft 303, the transmission shaft 303 is key-connected to a first bevel gear 304, and the lower part of the first bevel gear 304 is meshed with a water sprinkler 305.

[0032] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: when the slider 106 moves toward the direction approaching the motor 108, the second rack 301 fixedly connected thereto also moves toward the direction approaching the motor 108, the second rack 301 meshes with the first gear 302 for transmission, the first gear 302 rotates, and the transmission shaft 303 keyed to the first gear 302 rotates, thereby driving the first bevel gear 304 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 304 drives the water sprinkler 305 meshed with it to rotate, and when the slider 106 moves away from the motor 108, the water sprinkler 305 also rotates in the opposite direction.

[0033] Reference Figure 5 The water sprinkler 305 includes a sprinkler head 3052, which is in the shape of a trumpet with a narrow top and a wide bottom. A through hole is opened in the middle of the sprinkler head 3052, a circular conical tooth plate 3051 is provided on the upper narrow side of the sprinkler head 3052, a water sprinkling hole 3053 is opened at the lower part of the sprinkler head 3052, and a plurality of support plates 3054 are provided on the inner wall of the sprinkler head 3052. An arc plate 3055 is provided below the support plate 3054, and the arc plate 3055 is rotatably connected to the guide column 7.

[0034] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: when the first bevel gear 304 rotates, the circular bevel gear plate 3051 meshing with the first bevel gear 304 also moves accordingly, and the cleaning device 3 as a whole also moves accordingly. Moreover, since the arc plate 3055 is rotatably connected to the guide column 7, the cleaning device 3 as a whole rotates around the guide column 7, and the cleaning water and the cleaning agent flow out of the holes of the water sprinkling hole 3053 alternately. The holes through which the cleaning water flows out make the cleaning water impact at a higher speed, which is convenient for cleaning.

[0035] Reference Figure 6 The transmission mechanism 4 includes a third rack 401, which is slidably connected to the guide column 7, and the outer side of the third rack 401 is meshed with the second gear 402, and the center key of the second gear 402 is connected to one end of a transmission rod 403, and a support column 404 is provided between the transmission rod 403 and the chassis 8, and the other end of the transmission rod 403 is keyed to a second bevel gear 405, and the upper part of the second bevel gear 405 is meshed with a convex nail 406 with bevel teeth, and the bottom of the convex nail 406 with bevel teeth is connected to a plurality of groove screws 408 through a toothed belt 407, and the toothed belt 407 is connected to the pulley of the groove screw 408.

[0036] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: the third rack 401 moves upward, the third rack 401 generates a rotational force on the second gear 402 meshing with it, the second gear 402 rotates, and under the action of the key connection, the transmission rod 403 also rotates, the transmission rod 403 drives the second bevel gear 405 to rotate, and the bevel toothed convex nail 406 meshing with the second bevel gear 405 also rotates, the bevel toothed convex nail 406 is synchronously connected with the groove screw 408, and the bevel toothed convex nail 406 rotates, and the groove screw 408 also rotates accordingly.

[0037] Reference Figure 7 The material collecting barrel 6 includes a barrel body 601, a fixing box 602 is provided on the inner wall of the barrel body 601, a groove is provided on the side of the fixing box 602 away from the inner wall, a cylinder 603 is provided at the bottom of the groove, and a movable plate 604 is connected to the rod of the cylinder 603.

[0038] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: the sewage no longer enters the barrel 601. After standing for a period of time, the suspended solids in the sewage will settle to the bottom to form a sludge layer, while the light oil and grease and floating pollutants will float to the water surface. At this time, the cylinder 603 is started, and the cylinder 603 pushes the movable plate 604 to move outward to separate the sludge layer from the light oil layer, and then the water in the upper layer is released, and then the sludge layer is processed. In this way, the suspended solids and grease content in the sewage can be reduced to a large extent through physical separation.

[0039] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The guide column 7 includes a column 701, a vertical guide groove 702 is formed on the outer wall of the column 701, an annular guide groove 703 is formed on the upper surface of the column 701, the third rack 401 is installed in the vertical guide groove 702, the arc plate 3055 is installed in the annular guide groove 703, the annular guide groove 703 does not intersect with the vertical guide groove 702, and a chassis 8 is provided below the column 701, the chassis 8 includes a plate 801, and a plurality of Screw hole 802, groove screw 408 is threadedly connected with screw hole 802, a panel is provided on the outside of disk body 801, a drain port 803 is provided on one side of the panel of disk body 801, a telescopic square box 804 is provided under disk body 801, telescopic square box 804 is a telescopic square tube, the third rack 401 is installed inside the square tube, a hole is provided on the inner side of screw hole 802 for the third rack 401 to extend out, and a force plate 805 is fixedly connected to the bottom of telescopic square box 804.

[0040] In this embodiment, it should be specifically explained that: when a blowout occurs, the force plate 805 rises under the impact of the blowout liquid, and the telescopic square box 804 contracts accordingly. The second gear 402 rises under the lifting of the telescopic square box 804, and the arc plate 3055 slides in the annular guide groove 703. The third rack 401 is fixedly connected to the moving block inside the vertical guide groove 702, and the moving block slides inside the vertical guide groove 702. The cleaned sewage is also discharged into the receiving barrel 6 through the drain port 803.

[0041] Working principle of the present invention: The main problem solved by this embodiment is: the screws loosened by the blowout impact are re-tightened by utilizing the mutual engagement between the gear racks, so that the blowout prevention device does not need to be manually re-tightened after it is loosened, and the surface of the device is cleaned by the rotation of the nozzle and then the sewage is collected, thus solving the problem that the blowout prevention device is unsightly and affects normal operation under long-term operation.

[0042] The specific steps are as follows: First, a blowout occurs at the oil wellhead 5, and liquid rushes upward from the bottom of the oil wellhead 5 to the position of the force-bearing plate 805, generating an upward impact force on the force-bearing plate 805, and the force-bearing plate 805 moves upward, and the bottom of the telescopic square box 804 fixedly connected to the force-bearing plate 805 moves upward, and the telescopic square box 804 contracts upward, and the bottom of the telescopic square box 804 generates an upward lifting force on the third rack 401 fixedly connected to the telescopic square box 804, and the third rack 401 moves upward, and the third rack 401 generates a rotation force on the second gear 402 meshing with it. The second gear 402 rotates, and under the action of the key connection, the transmission rod 403 also rotates, and the transmission rod 403 drives the second bevel gear 405 to rotate, and the bevel toothed convex nail 406 meshing with the second bevel gear 405 also rotates, and the bevel toothed convex nail 406 is synchronously connected with the groove screw 408, and the bevel toothed convex nail 406 rotates, and the groove screw 408 also rotates accordingly, so that the loose connection between the groove screw 408 and the oil well head 5 caused by the blowout is also solved as the groove screw 408 continues to be tightened; When a blowout occurs at the oil wellhead 5, the force plate 805 moves upward, and the displacement sensor 10 that is opposite to the force plate 805 senses a change in distance, and sends a start signal to the motor 108. The motor 108 starts, and the motor 108 drives the slider 106 to move toward the motor 108, and drives the first rack 201 to move toward the motor 108. The valve switch 202 meshing with the first rack 201 is closed, and the oil wellhead 5 is closed to prevent the blowout liquid from spraying out. The slider 106 moves toward the motor 108, and the second rack 301 fixedly connected thereto also moves toward the motor 108. The gear 301 meshes with the first gear 302 for transmission, the first gear 302 rotates, the transmission shaft 303 key-connected with the first gear 302 rotates, thereby driving the first bevel gear 304 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 304 drives the water sprinkler 305 meshed with it to rotate. When the displacement sensor 10 senses a change in distance, a part of the water sprinkling hole 3053 inside the water sprinkler 305 emits a high-pressure water flow, and a part of it flows out of the cleaning agent. The rotating water sprinkler 305 washes every corner of the disc 801, and the sewage after washing flows into the inside of the material receiving barrel 6 through the drain port 803 to be taken away by relevant personnel; When the oil wellhead 5 no longer has a blowout, the impact force on the force-bearing plate 805 disappears, and the force-bearing plate 805 returns to its original position under the action of gravity, pulling the telescopic square box 804 to restore its original shape. The displacement sensor 10 senses that the force-bearing plate 805 has returned to its original position, and sends a reversal signal to the motor 108. The motor 108 reverses, and the slider 106 moves away from the motor 108, driving the first rack 201 to move away from the motor 108. The valve switch 202 meshing with the first rack 201 opens, and the slider 106 moves away from the motor 108. The fixedly connected second rack 301 also moves away from the motor 108, the second rack 301 meshes with the first gear 302 for transmission, the first gear 302 rotates, the transmission shaft 303 key-connected to the first gear 302 rotates, thereby driving the first bevel gear 304 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 304 drives the water sprinkler 305 meshed with it to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the cleaning of the disk body 801 is more thorough, and then under the action of the time relay, after the set time, the water sprinkler 305 stops emitting high-pressure water and cleaning agent, and stops cleaning the disk body 801.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blowout prevention device for an oil wellhead, comprising an oil wellhead (5), characterized in that: A material receiving barrel (6) is provided on one side of the oil well mouth (5), a cylinder (603) is provided inside the material receiving barrel (6), a chassis (8) is provided above the oil well mouth (5), a transmission mechanism (4) is provided above the chassis (8), a guide column (7) is provided above the chassis (8), a guide column (7) is provided inside the chassis (8), a cleaning device (3) is slidably connected above the guide column (7), a valve body (9) is provided above the cleaning device (3), a valve opening and closing device (2) is provided on one side of the valve body (9), a cleaning device (3) is provided on the other side of the valve body (9), a conveying device (1) is provided above the cleaning device (3), and a displacement sensor (10) is provided at the bottom of the chassis (8).

2. A blowout prevention device for a petroleum wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve opening and closing device (2) comprises a first rack (201), the first rack (201) being fixedly connected to the conveying device (1), a valve switch (202) being provided below the first rack (201), and the first rack (201) being meshingly connected to the outer surface of the valve switch (202).

3. A blowout prevention device for a petroleum wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device (1) comprises a bottom plate (101), the bottom surface of the bottom plate (101) being fixedly connected to a first support plate (102) and a second support plate (103), the first support plate (102) being rotatably connected to a screw rod (104), the second support plate (103) being fixedly connected to a guide rod (105), one end of the screw rod (104) being rotatably connected to a motor (108), the screw rod (104) being helically driven to have a slider (106), both ends of the slider (106) being slidably connected to the guide rod (105), and a support rod (107) being provided between the bottom plate (101) and the valve body (9).

4. A blowout prevention device for a petroleum wellhead according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning device (3) comprises a second rack (301), the upper portion of the second rack (301) being fixedly connected to one side of the slider (106), the lower portion of the second rack (301) being meshed with a first gear (302), the first gear (302) being key-connected to a transmission shaft (303), the transmission shaft (303) being key-connected to a first bevel gear (304), and the lower portion of the first bevel gear (304) being meshed with a water sprinkler (305).

5. A blowout prevention device for a petroleum wellhead according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water sprinkler (305) comprises a sprinkler head (3052), the sprinkler head (3052) is in the shape of a trumpet that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, a through hole is provided in the middle of the sprinkler head (3052), a circular conical tooth plate (3051) is provided on the upper narrow side of the sprinkler head (3052), a sprinkler hole (3053) is provided at the bottom of the sprinkler head (3052), a plurality of support plates (3054) are provided on the inner wall of the sprinkler head (3052), an arc plate (3055) is provided below the support plate (3054), and the arc plate (3055) is rotatably connected to the guide column (7).

6. A blowout prevention device for a petroleum wellhead according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (4) comprises a third rack (401), the third rack (401) is slidably connected to the guide column (7), the outer side of the third rack (401) is meshedly connected to a second gear (402), the center key of the second gear (402) is connected to one end of a transmission rod (403), a support column (404) is provided between the transmission rod (403) and the chassis (8), the other end of the transmission rod (403) is keyed to a second bevel gear (405), the upper part of the second bevel gear (405) is meshedly connected to a protruding nail (406) with bevel teeth, the bottom of the protruding nail (406) with bevel teeth is connected to a plurality of groove screws (408) via a toothed belt (407), and the toothed belt (407) is connected to a pulley of the groove screws (408).

7. The blowout prevention device for a petroleum wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material receiving barrel (6) comprises a barrel body (601), the inner wall of the barrel body (601) is provided with a fixing box (602), a groove is formed on a side of the fixing box (602) away from the inner wall, a cylinder (603) is provided at the bottom of the groove, and a rod of the cylinder (603) is connected to a movable plate (604).

8. The blowout prevention device for a petroleum wellhead according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide column (7) comprises a column (701), the outer wall of the column (701) is provided with a vertical guide groove (702), the upper surface of the column (701) is provided with an annular guide groove (703), the third rack (401) is installed in the vertical guide groove (702), the arc plate (3055) is installed in the annular guide groove (703), the annular guide groove (703) and the vertical guide groove (702) do not intersect, and a chassis (8) is provided below the column (701).

9. A blowout prevention device for a petroleum wellhead according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chassis (8) comprises a chassis (801), a surface of the chassis (801) is provided with a plurality of screw holes (802), the groove screws (408) are threadedly connected to the screw holes (802), a panel is provided on the outside of the chassis (801), a drain hole (803) is provided on one side of the panel of the chassis (801), a telescopic square box (804) is provided below the chassis (801), the telescopic square box (804) is a telescopic square tube, the third rack (401) is installed inside the square tube, a hole is provided inside the screw holes (802) for the third rack (401) to extend out, and a force-bearing plate (805) is fixedly connected below the telescopic square box (804).

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