Wind speed monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind speed monitoring device, and relates to the technical field of fan wind speed monitoring, in particular to a wind speed monitoring device and method. A fiber bragg grating wind speed sensor is used for collecting a fan wind speed signal; the optical coupler is used for transmitting a signal acquired by the fiber grating wind speed sensor to the optical fiber demodulator; the optical fiber demodulator is composed of an ASE broadband light source, an optical coupler, a tunable F-P filter, a single-peak filter, a sawtooth wave generation unit, a photoelectric conversion module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data processing and calculating module, a data storage module, an RS485 data transmission module and a parameter setting module, and is used for calculating and processing wind speed signal data. Obtaining the current real-time wind speed of the fan; the fiber bragg grating wind speed sensor is not provided with a mechanical rotating structure and is prevented from being frozen due to low temperature and humidity, the fiber bragg grating wind speed sensor and the cable adopt optical signals for acquisition and transmission, and an all-fiber insulating material is adopted, so that the accuracy and the anti-interference performance in thunderstorm weather are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind speed monitoring of wind turbines, and in particular to a wind speed monitoring device and method. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbines are often installed in high-altitude areas, and they often operate in low-temperature and humid weather in winter. The traditional solution for measuring wind uses a cup anemometer, which is easily frozen under low-temperature conditions, causing the wind speed measuring instrument to fail and triggering the wind turbine protection shutdown. The cup anemometer is installed in an open and high position on the top of the cabin. Wind measurement in thunderstorms is prone to lightning strikes, and the wind measurement data using electrical signals is easily interfered by lightning.

[0003] However, there is a lack of effective monitoring of the connection strength changes between the tower and the anchor rod. Since it is impossible to detect the fatigue and offset of the metal connection between the anchor rod and the tower, it is difficult to accurately evaluate the stability of the tower, which increases potential safety risks. The inability to effectively understand whether the tower is stable will cause sudden dangerous accidents and there is no way to prevent them. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems or problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a wind speed monitoring device that can solve the problem of being unable to detect and record the fatigue degree and offset of the metal connection between the ground anchor rod and the tower.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a fiber grating wind speed sensor is used to collect wind speed signals of a fan;

[0007] An optical coupler, used for transmitting the signal collected by the fiber grating wind speed sensor to the fiber demodulator;

[0008] The optical fiber demodulator consists of an ASE broadband light source, an optical coupler, a tunable FP filter, a single-peak filter, a sawtooth wave generating unit, a photoelectric conversion module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data processing and calculation module, a data storage module, an RS485 data transmission module and a parameter setting module. It is used to calculate and process wind speed signal data to obtain the current real-time wind speed of the wind turbine.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the wind speed monitoring device described in the present invention, the fiber grating wind speed sensor is made of all-fiber insulation material and does not require power supply, which can prevent the sensor from being frozen and attracting lightning.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the wind speed monitoring device of the present invention, the fiber grating wind speed sensor and the cable both use optical signals for collection and transmission, thereby improving accuracy and anti-interference in thunderstorm weather.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the wind speed monitoring device of the present invention, the fiber grating wind speed sensor can measure the real-time wind speed by monitoring the stress change caused by the wind speed.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the wind speed monitoring device of the present invention, the optical fiber demodulator includes:

[0013] ASE broadband light source, used to provide light source signal;

[0014] Tunable FP filter, used to filter optical signals of specific wavelengths;

[0015] A single peak filter is used to further filter the optical signal of a specific wavelength;

[0016] A sawtooth wave generating unit, used for generating a sawtooth wave signal;

[0017] A photoelectric conversion module, used for converting optical signals into electrical signals;

[0018] An analog-to-digital conversion module, used to convert electrical signals into digital signals;

[0019] A data processing and calculation module, used for processing and calculating wind speed signal data;

[0020] A data storage module, used for storing wind speed data;

[0021] RS485 data transmission module, used to transmit processed data to external devices;

[0022] The parameter setting module is used to set and adjust the working parameters of the device.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the wind speed monitoring device of the present invention, a method for monitoring wind speed of a wind turbine using the above device is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0024] The wind speed signal of the fan is collected through the fiber grating wind speed sensor;

[0025] The collected signal is transmitted to the optical fiber demodulator through an optical coupler;

[0026] The wind speed signal data is calculated and processed by the optical fiber demodulator to obtain the current real-time wind speed of the wind turbine.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the wind speed monitoring device of the present invention, the method further comprises real-time monitoring and recording of the collected wind speed signal in order to perform wind speed trend analysis.

[0028] As a preferred solution of the wind speed monitoring device of the present invention, it further includes a protective cover for protecting the fiber grating wind speed sensor from physical damage and environmental influence.

[0029] As a preferred solution of the wind speed monitoring device of the present invention, the pressure difference between the windward side and the leeward side of the circular plate of the fiber grating wind speed sensor is used to calculate the wind speed, wherein the pressure difference F = αρV 2 ,

[0030] Among them, α is the mechanical coefficient, ρ is the air density, and V is the wind speed.

[0031] As a preferred solution of the wind speed monitoring device of the present invention, it further comprises a calibration module for regularly calibrating the fiber grating wind speed sensor to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The fiber grating wind speed sensor has no mechanical rotating structure to avoid freezing due to low temperature and humidity. The fiber grating wind speed sensor and cable both use optical signals for collection and transmission and use all-fiber insulating materials to improve accuracy and anti-interference in thunderstorm weather. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 This is the overall structure of the fiber grating fan wind speed detection system of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is the fiber grating wind speed sensor structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 The present invention provides a force analysis of the fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 3 , is an embodiment of the present invention: a fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor is used to collect wind speed signals of a fan;

[0042] An optical coupler, used for transmitting the signal collected by the fiber grating wind speed sensor to the fiber demodulator;

[0043] The optical fiber demodulator consists of an ASE broadband light source, an optical coupler, a tunable FP filter, a single-peak filter, a sawtooth wave generating unit, a photoelectric conversion module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data processing and calculation module, a data storage module, an RS485 data transmission module and a parameter setting module. It is used to calculate and process wind speed signal data to obtain the current real-time wind speed of the wind turbine.

[0044] The fiber grating wind speed sensor is made of all-fiber insulation material and does not require power supply, which can prevent the sensor from being frozen or attracted by lightning.

[0045] The fiber grating wind speed sensor and the cable both use optical signals for collection and transmission, thereby improving accuracy and anti-interference performance in thunderstorm weather.

[0046] The fiber grating wind speed sensor can measure the real-time wind speed by monitoring the stress changes caused by the wind speed.

[0047] The optical fiber demodulator comprises:

[0048] ASE broadband light source, used to provide light source signal;

[0049] Tunable FP filter, used to filter optical signals of specific wavelengths;

[0050] A single peak filter is used to further filter the optical signal of a specific wavelength;

[0051] A sawtooth wave generating unit, used for generating a sawtooth wave signal;

[0052] A photoelectric conversion module, used for converting optical signals into electrical signals;

[0053] An analog-to-digital conversion module, used to convert electrical signals into digital signals;

[0054] A data processing and calculation module, used for processing and calculating wind speed signal data;

[0055] A data storage module, used for storing wind speed data;

[0056] RS485 data transmission module, used to transmit processed data to external devices;

[0057] The parameter setting module is used to set and adjust the working parameters of the device.

[0058] A method for monitoring wind speed of a fan using the above device comprises the following steps:

[0059] The wind speed signal of the fan is collected through the fiber grating wind speed sensor;

[0060] The collected signal is transmitted to the optical fiber demodulator through an optical coupler;

[0061] The wind speed signal data is calculated and processed by the optical fiber demodulator to obtain the current real-time wind speed of the wind turbine.

[0062] The method also includes real-time monitoring and recording of the collected wind speed signal to perform wind speed trend analysis.

[0063] Also included is a protective cover to protect the FBG wind speed sensor from physical damage and environmental influences.

[0064] The pressure difference between the windward side and the leeward side of the circular plate of the fiber grating wind speed sensor is used to calculate the wind speed, where the pressure difference F = αρV 2 , where α is the mechanical coefficient, ρ is the air density, and V is the wind speed.

[0065] A calibration module is also included to periodically calibrate the fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor to ensure the accuracy of the measured data.

[0066] Operation process: After the offset detection is correct, install and fix the fiber grating wind speed sensor. When the wind blows to the windward side of the circular plate, the pressure on the windward side of the circular plate is greater than that on the leeward side, thus generating a pressure F=αρV2 (α mechanical coefficient, ρ air density, V wind speed). The wind direction is calculated by the direction of force and deformation of the circular plate. The fiber grating wind speed sensor has no mechanical rotating structure to avoid freezing due to low temperature and humidity. The fiber grating wind speed sensor and cable use optical signals for collection and transmission, and use all-fiber insulation material to improve accuracy and anti-interference in thunderstorms.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] Construction of Fiber Bragg Grating Wind Speed ​​Sensor: The sensor body is made of all-fiber insulation material to ensure that it will not freeze in low temperature environments. Fiber Bragg Grating is embedded inside the sensor to sense stress changes caused by wind speed. The sensor is designed with a non-mechanical rotating structure to avoid freezing caused by low temperature and humidity.

[0069] The structure of the fiber optic demodulator: The ASE broadband light source is used to provide a stable light source signal. The optical coupler is used to transmit the signal collected by the fiber grating wind speed sensor to the fiber optic demodulator. The tunable FP filter and the single peak filter are used to filter the light signal of a specific wavelength. The sawtooth wave generation unit is used to generate a sawtooth wave signal for modulation. The photoelectric conversion module converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The analog-to-digital conversion module converts the electrical signal into a digital signal. The data processing and calculation module is used to process and calculate the wind speed signal data. The data storage module is used to store the wind speed data. The RS485 data transmission module is used to transmit the processed data to an external device. The parameter setting module is used to set and adjust the working parameters of the device.

[0070] The sensor body is made of all-fiber insulation material, which can maintain performance and avoid freezing in low-temperature environments. The fiber Bragg grating embedded in the sensor can sense the stress changes caused by wind speed. This design enables the sensor to directly convert wind speed changes into optical signals, improving the sensitivity and response speed of the measurement. The design of the non-mechanical rotating structure eliminates the risk of freezing caused by low temperature and humidity, while also reducing maintenance requirements and potential failure points. The ASE broadband light source provides a stable light source signal, which is the basis for the optical fiber demodulator to accurately measure the intensity of the optical signal. The optical coupler ensures the efficiency and accuracy of the optical signal transmission from the sensor to the demodulator, reducing signal loss. The combined use of the tunable FP filter and the single-peak filter improves the accuracy of signal processing and ensures that only the optical signal related to the wind speed change is accurately identified and processed. The coordinated work of the photoelectric conversion module and the analog-to-digital conversion module converts the optical signal into a digital signal, providing accurate input for subsequent data processing. The data processing and calculation module calculates the wind speed based on the changes in the intensity of the collected optical signal. This calculation method reduces the error caused by electrical signal interference. The data storage module and RS485 data transmission module together ensure the long-term storage and real-time transmission of wind speed data, providing continuity and reliability for wind speed monitoring.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] Installation and commissioning of the device: Install the fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor on the top of the wind turbine cabin, making sure that its windward side faces the incoming wind direction. Connect the optical coupler to the sensor and ensure that the optical fiber line is intact. Install the fiber demodulator in the wind turbine control room, connect all modules, and perform a power test. Perform preliminary settings on the device through the parameter setting module, including the intensity of the light source, the tuning frequency of the filter, etc. Perform a wind speed calibration test and use standard equipment with known wind speed to calibrate the fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor to ensure the accuracy of the measured data. Observe the data recorded in the data storage module to check the real-time and accuracy of the wind speed data.

[0073] The fiber grating wind speed sensor is installed on the top of the wind turbine cabin. This location selection enables the sensor to directly face the wind direction, improving the accuracy of wind speed measurement. The connection between the optical coupler and the sensor ensures efficient signal transmission, while the protection measures of the optical fiber line ensure the stability of the signal in harsh environments.

[0074] The fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor is installed on the top of the wind turbine nacelle. This location selection allows the sensor to face the wind direction directly, which improves the accuracy of wind speed measurement. The connection between the optical coupler and the sensor ensures efficient signal transmission, while the protection measures of the optical fiber line ensure the stability of the signal in harsh environments. The device is initially set up through the parameter setting module, which ensures that the device can be optimized according to specific environmental conditions, improving the adaptability and accuracy of the measurement. The wind speed calibration test ensures that the sensor's measurement results are consistent with the actual wind speed. This calibration process is a key step to ensure long-term measurement accuracy. The data recorded in the data storage module is used to analyze wind speed trends. This analysis is essential for predicting and responding to extreme weather conditions.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] Operation of the device: Start the fan and turn on the fiber optic Bragg grating wind speed monitoring device at the same time.

[0077] The fiber grating wind speed sensor starts to collect wind speed signals and transmits them to the fiber optic demodulator through optical fiber.

[0078] After the fiber optic demodulator receives the signal, the modules work together to calculate the real-time wind speed of the fan.

[0079] Real-time wind speed data is transmitted to the fan control system through the RS485 data transmission module to monitor and adjust the operation of the fan. Regularly check the integrity of the fiber grating wind speed sensor and the optical fiber line to ensure the stability of signal transmission.

[0080] The data storage module is used to analyze wind speed data and conduct wind speed trend analysis and prediction. The calibration module is used to regularly calibrate the fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor to maintain the long-term accuracy of the measured data.

[0081] Among them, the fiber grating wind speed sensor collects wind speed signals in real time. This real-time monitoring is crucial for the safe operation and efficiency optimization of the wind turbine. The processing and calculation modules of the fiber demodulator can quickly respond to wind speed changes and provide instant wind speed data for the wind turbine control system. This rapid response capability is crucial for the stable operation of the wind turbine. The RS485 data transmission module transmits the processed wind speed data to the wind turbine control system. The real-time nature of this data transmission is essential for the dynamic adjustment and optimization of the wind turbine.

[0082] Regularly check the integrity of the fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor and the fiber optic line. This maintenance measure ensures the long-term stable operation of the device. The wind speed data is analyzed in the data storage module. This analysis is essential for identifying wind speed patterns and optimizing wind turbine performance. The fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor is regularly calibrated using the calibration module. This calibration ensures the long-term accuracy of the measurement data and is necessary to maintain the reliability and effectiveness of the wind turbine monitoring system.

[0083] It is important to note that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind speed monitoring device, characterized in that: Fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor, used to collect wind speed signals of wind turbines; An optical coupler, used for transmitting the signal collected by the fiber grating wind speed sensor to the fiber demodulator; The optical fiber demodulator consists of an ASE broadband light source, an optical coupler, a tunable FP filter, a single-peak filter, a sawtooth wave generating unit, a photoelectric conversion module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data processing and calculation module, a data storage module, an RS485 data transmission module and a parameter setting module. It is used to calculate and process wind speed signal data to obtain the current real-time wind speed of the wind turbine.

2. The wind speed monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber grating wind speed sensor is made of all-fiber insulation material and does not require power supply, which can prevent the sensor from being frozen or attracted by lightning.

3. The wind speed monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fiber grating wind speed sensor and the cable both use optical signals for collection and transmission, thereby improving accuracy and anti-interference performance in thunderstorm weather.

4. The wind speed monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fiber grating wind speed sensor can measure the real-time wind speed by monitoring the stress changes caused by the wind speed.

5. The wind speed monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The optical fiber demodulator includes an ASE broadband light source for providing a light source signal; Tunable FP filter, used to filter optical signals of specific wavelengths; A single peak filter is used to further filter the optical signal of a specific wavelength; A sawtooth wave generating unit, used for generating a sawtooth wave signal; A photoelectric conversion module, used for converting optical signals into electrical signals; An analog-to-digital conversion module, used to convert electrical signals into digital signals; A data processing and calculation module, used for processing and calculating wind speed signal data; A data storage module, used for storing wind speed data; RS485 data transmission module, used to transmit processed data to external devices; The parameter setting module is used to set and adjust the working parameters of the device.

6. A method for monitoring wind speed of a fan using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that ,The method comprises the following steps: The wind speed signal of the fan is collected through the fiber grating wind speed sensor; The collected signal is transmitted to the optical fiber demodulator through an optical coupler; The wind speed signal data is calculated and processed by the optical fiber demodulator to obtain the current real-time wind speed of the wind turbine.

7. The wind speed monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method also includes real-time monitoring and recording of the collected wind speed signal to perform wind speed trend analysis.

8. The wind speed monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also included is a protective cover to protect the FBG wind speed sensor from physical damage and environmental influences.

9. The wind speed monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure difference between the windward side and the leeward side of the circular plate of the fiber grating wind speed sensor is used to calculate the wind speed, where the pressure difference F = αρV 2 , Among them, α is the mechanical coefficient, ρ is the air density, and V is the wind speed.

10. The wind speed monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A calibration module is also included to periodically calibrate the fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor to ensure the accuracy of the measured data.

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