Suspended sediment monitoring method and system based on remote sensing technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of suspended sediment monitoring, in particular to a suspended sediment monitoring method and system based on a remote sensing technology. Comprising a concentration inversion module, a model establishment module, a data processing module, a remote sensing data acquisition module, an alarm module and a control platform, the concentration inversion module comprises an inversion calculation unit, a result output unit and a visual display unit, and the model establishment module comprises a model training unit, a model verification unit and a model updating unit. The data processing module comprises a radiometric calibration unit, a correction unit and a feature extraction unit, the remote sensing data acquisition module comprises a satellite remote sensing data receiving unit and an unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing data acquisition unit, a large amount of data can be acquired in a short time through a satellite and an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the remote sensing technology can cover a wide water area; and finally, a model is established to invert a remote sensing image to obtain a suspended sediment concentration distribution diagram so as to judge a monitoring result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of suspended sediment monitoring, and in particular to a suspended sediment monitoring method and system based on remote sensing technology. Background Art

[0002] Suspended sediment monitoring is an important part of water environment monitoring and is of great significance for understanding the evolution of water quality, aquatic ecosystems and estuarine coastal zones. Suspended sediment refers to sediment particles suspended in water, which have an important influence on the optical properties of water bodies, biogeochemical cycles, and the transport and deposition of sediments. Currently, the methods for studying the mass concentration of suspended sediments include sampling, optical, acoustic and imaging methods.

[0003] However, traditional suspended sediment monitoring methods usually rely on fixed-point sampling and on-site measurements. This method has very limited spatial coverage, and the monitoring process requires a lot of manpower, material and financial resources. Especially when frequent monitoring is required, the cost is even more unaffordable. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a suspended sediment monitoring method and system based on remote sensing technology, aiming to solve the technical problem that the traditional suspended sediment monitoring method in the prior art usually relies on fixed-point sampling and on-site measurement, the spatial coverage of this method is very limited, and the monitoring process requires a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, especially when frequent monitoring is required, the cost is even more unbearable.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology, including a concentration inversion module, a model building module, a data processing module, a remote sensing data acquisition module, an alarm module and a control platform, wherein the concentration inversion module includes an inversion calculation unit, a result output unit and a visualization display unit, the model building module includes a model training unit, a model verification unit and a model updating unit, the data processing module includes a radiation calibration unit, a correction unit and a feature extraction unit, the remote sensing data acquisition module includes a satellite remote sensing data receiving unit and a UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit, and the concentration inversion module, the model building module, the data processing module, the remote sensing data acquisition module and the alarm module are all connected to the control platform;

[0006] The UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit is used to quickly acquire data and transmit it to the ground station in real time for processing and analysis. The satellite remote sensing data receiving unit uses multiple spectral bands to monitor suspended sediment in the water body. At the same time, the correction unit is responsible for correcting deformations such as the atmosphere, the curvature of the earth, the terrain undulations, and the satellite orbit deviation. The radiation calibration unit is used to convert the original digital values ​​recorded by the sensor into actual physical quantities and eliminate the differences in the responses of different sensors to the same ground object;

[0007] The inversion calculation unit is responsible for converting the remote sensing data collected by the UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit into the concentration information of suspended sediment, and the result output unit outputs the concentration information obtained by the inversion calculation in a structured form to the visualization display unit, the feature extraction unit and the model training unit;

[0008] The visualization display unit is used to visualize the concentration information obtained by inversion calculation to generate intuitive charts, maps or animations;

[0009] The feature extraction unit is used to construct an inversion model of suspended sediment concentration using the extracted features to achieve quantitative estimation of suspended sediment concentration;

[0010] The model training unit is used to train the selected algorithm through the received concentration information to construct a mapping relationship between the suspended sediment concentration and the remote sensing data, and the model verification unit is used to evaluate the performance of the trained model, while the model updating unit is responsible for updating and optimizing the model regularly or irregularly;

[0011] The alarm module is used to issue an alarm to alert staff when the model training unit is abnormal;

[0012] The control platform is responsible for the operation control and management of the entire monitoring system.

[0013] The satellite remote sensing data receiving unit includes an antenna end, a radio frequency front end, a baseband processing end and a transmission end, and the antenna end, the radio frequency front end, the baseband processing end and the transmission end are all connected to the control platform;

[0014] The antenna end is responsible for receiving remote sensing signals from satellites and also for sending information;

[0015] The radio frequency front end is used to convert the received remote sensing signal into an intermediate frequency or baseband signal;

[0016] The baseband processing end is used to demodulate, decode and format the intermediate frequency signal or the baseband signal;

[0017] The transmission end is used to transmit the demodulated, decoded and formatted data to other system components or users through the antenna end.

[0018] The UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit includes a UAV end, a sensor end and a data processing end, and the UAV end, the sensor end and the data processing end are all connected to the control platform;

[0019] The drone is responsible for carrying the sensor and other equipment to perform flight operations;

[0020] The sensor end is used to obtain remote sensing data of the surface or water body;

[0021] The data processing end is used to pre-process, analyze and interpret the collected remote sensing data.

[0022] Wherein, the alarm module includes an alarm trigger unit, an information output unit and an alarm recording unit, and the alarm trigger unit, the information output unit and the alarm recording unit are all connected to the control platform;

[0023] The alarm triggering unit is responsible for determining whether an alarm needs to be triggered according to a preset threshold or condition;

[0024] The information output unit is used to output the alarm information to relevant personnel or systems in an appropriate form after the alarm is triggered;

[0025] The alarm recording unit is responsible for recording detailed information of each alarm, including alarm time, alarm type, and alarm level.

[0026] Wherein, the suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology also includes a data storage module, and the data storage module is connected to the control platform;

[0027] The data storage module is used to store the received suspended sediment data.

[0028] Wherein, the data storage module includes a data management unit, a data compression unit, a data storage unit and a data backup unit, and the data management unit, the data compression unit, the data storage unit and the data backup unit are all connected to the control platform;

[0029] The data management unit is responsible for organizing, classifying and indexing the collected suspended sediment concentration information and sending it to the data compression unit;

[0030] The data compression unit is used to compress the sorted, classified and indexed data to reduce the storage space and transmission bandwidth requirements of the data;

[0031] The data storage unit is used to store the compressed data in a physical storage medium;

[0032] The data backup unit is used to regularly back up the compressed data to prevent data loss or damage.

[0033] The present invention also provides a suspended sediment monitoring method based on remote sensing technology, which is applied to the above-mentioned suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology, and comprises the following steps:

[0034] Using the satellite remote sensing data receiving unit and the UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit to obtain multiple band information of suspended sediment in the water body;

[0035] Based on the data processing module, the acquired remote sensing image is subjected to radiation calibration, atmospheric correction and geometric correction processing;

[0036] Extract the reflectance and scattering rate of water bodies related to the suspended sediment concentration from the preprocessed remote sensing images;

[0037] Based on the extracted feature information, statistical models and machine learning models are established between suspended sediment concentration and remote sensing image features;

[0038] The established model is used to invert the remote sensing image to obtain the suspended sediment concentration distribution map in the water body. Finally, the monitoring results of suspended sediment are obtained based on the suspended sediment concentration distribution map.

[0039] The invention discloses a suspended sediment monitoring method and system based on remote sensing technology, comprising a concentration inversion module, a model building module, a data processing module, a remote sensing data acquisition module, an alarm module and a control platform, wherein the concentration inversion module comprises an inversion calculation unit, a result output unit and a visualization display unit, the model building module comprises a model training unit, a model verification unit and a model updating unit, the data processing module comprises a radiation calibration unit, a correction unit and a feature extraction unit, the remote sensing data acquisition module comprises a satellite remote sensing data receiving unit and a drone remote sensing data acquisition unit, the concentration inversion module, the model building module, the data processing module, the remote sensing data acquisition module and the alarm module are all connected to the control platform Connection, a large amount of data can be obtained in a short time through satellites and drones, which greatly improves the efficiency and speed of monitoring. In addition, remote sensing technology can cover a wide range of waters and realize large-scale suspended sediment monitoring. There is no need to set up field monitoring equipment at each monitoring point. Finally, the remote sensing image is inverted through model establishment to obtain the suspended sediment concentration distribution map in the water body. The monitoring results of suspended sediment are obtained based on the suspended sediment concentration distribution map, which effectively solves the technical problem that the traditional suspended sediment monitoring method usually relies on fixed-point sampling and on-site measurement. This method has a very limited spatial coverage, and the monitoring process requires a lot of manpower, material and financial resources. Especially when frequent monitoring is required, the cost is even more unbearable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the alarm module in the suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a data storage module in the suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a data encryption module in the suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the identity authentication module in the suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps of a suspended sediment monitoring method based on remote sensing technology.

[0047] 1-concentration inversion module, 2-model building module, 3-data processing module, 4-remote sensing data acquisition module, 5-alarm module, 6-control platform, 7-inversion calculation unit, 8-result output unit, 9-visualization display unit, 10-model training unit, 11-model verification unit, 12-model update unit, 13-radiation calibration unit, 14-correction unit, 15-feature extraction unit, 16-satellite remote sensing data receiving unit, 17-UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit, 18-antenna end, 19-RF front end, 20-baseband processing end, 21-transmission end, 22- UAV end, 23-sensor end, 24-data processing end, 25-alarm trigger unit, 26-information output unit, 27-alarm recording unit, 28-data storage module, 29-data management unit, 30-data compression unit, 31-data storage unit, 32-data backup unit, 33-data encryption module, 34-identity authentication module, 35-key management unit, 36-encryption algorithm unit, 37-data encryption unit, 38-data decryption unit, 39-user management unit, 40-authentication service unit, 41-authority control unit, 42-security audit unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0049] See also Figure 1 to Figure 5The present invention provides a suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology, comprising a concentration inversion module 1, a model building module 2, a data processing module 3, a remote sensing data acquisition module 4, an alarm module 5 and a control platform 6, wherein the concentration inversion module 1 comprises an inversion calculation unit 7, a result output unit 8 and a visualization display unit 9, the model building module 2 comprises a model training unit 10, a model verification unit 11 and a model updating unit 12, the data processing module 3 comprises a radiation calibration unit 13, a correction unit 14 and a feature extraction unit 15, the remote sensing data acquisition module 4 comprises a satellite remote sensing data receiving unit 16 and a UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit 17, and the concentration inversion module 1, the model building module 2, the data processing module 3, the remote sensing data acquisition module 4 and the alarm module 5 are all connected to the control platform 6;

[0050] The UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit 17 is used to quickly acquire data and transmit it to the ground station in real time for processing and analysis. The satellite remote sensing data receiving unit 16 uses multiple spectral bands to monitor suspended sediment in the water body. At the same time, the correction unit 14 is responsible for correcting deformations such as the atmosphere, the curvature of the earth, the terrain undulations, and the satellite orbit deviation. The radiation calibration unit 13 is used to convert the original digital values ​​recorded by the sensor into actual physical quantities and eliminate the differences in the responses of different sensors to the same ground object;

[0051] The inversion calculation unit 7 is responsible for converting the remote sensing data collected by the UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit 17 into the concentration information of suspended sediment, and the result output unit 8 outputs the concentration information obtained by the inversion calculation in a structured form to the visualization display unit 9, the feature extraction unit 15 and the model training unit 10;

[0052] The visualization display unit 9 is used to visualize the concentration information obtained by inversion calculation to generate intuitive charts, maps or animations;

[0053] The feature extraction unit 15 is used to construct an inversion model of suspended sediment concentration using the extracted features to achieve quantitative estimation of suspended sediment concentration;

[0054] The model training unit 10 is used to train the selected algorithm through the received concentration information to construct a mapping relationship between the suspended sediment concentration and the remote sensing data, and the model verification unit 11 performs performance evaluation on the trained model, while the model updating unit 12 is responsible for updating and optimizing the model regularly or irregularly;

[0055] The alarm module 5 is used to send out an alarm to alert the staff when the model training unit 10 is abnormal;

[0056] The control platform 6 is responsible for the operation control and management of the entire monitoring system.

[0057] In this embodiment, through regular or continuous remote sensing observations, the spatiotemporal distribution and changing trends of suspended sediment can be obtained, providing strong support for environmental protection and governance. Remote sensing technology uses advanced sensors and algorithms to accurately measure the concentration and distribution of suspended sediment, improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring. In addition to suspended sediment, remote sensing technology can also simultaneously monitor other water quality parameters, such as water temperature, chlorophyll concentration, etc., to achieve comprehensive monitoring of multiple parameters. This comprehensive monitoring of multiple parameters helps to more comprehensively understand the environmental conditions of the water body and provide a more comprehensive decision-making basis for environmental protection and governance. Although the initial investment in remote sensing technology may be high, in the long run, due to its high efficiency, rapidity and non-contact characteristics, it can greatly reduce the monitoring cost.

[0058] Further, the satellite remote sensing data receiving unit 16 includes an antenna end 18, a radio frequency front end 19, a baseband processing end 20 and a transmission end 21, and the antenna end 18, the radio frequency front end 19, the baseband processing end 20 and the transmission end 21 are all connected to the control platform 6;

[0059] The antenna terminal 18 is responsible for receiving remote sensing signals from satellites and also for sending information;

[0060] The RF front end 19 is used to convert the received remote sensing signal into an intermediate frequency or baseband signal;

[0061] The baseband processing end 20 is used to demodulate, decode and format the intermediate frequency signal or the baseband signal;

[0062] The transmission end 21 is used to transmit the demodulated, decoded and formatted data to other system components or users through the antenna end 18.

[0063] In this embodiment, the antenna end 18 has the characteristics of high gain, low noise, wide bandwidth, etc., to ensure that weak satellite signals can be accurately received and transmitted; the RF front end 19 has the characteristics of low noise, high linearity, high dynamic range, etc.; the baseband processing end 20 implements an efficient signal processing algorithm to ensure that effective information in the remote sensing data can be accurately and quickly extracted; the transmission end 21 has high-speed, stable and reliable transmission capabilities to ensure that data can be transmitted to the destination in real time and accurately.

[0064] Further, the UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit 17 includes a UAV end 22, a sensor end 23 and a data processing end 24, and the UAV end 22, the sensor end 23 and the data processing end 24 are all connected to the control platform 6;

[0065] The drone end 22 is responsible for carrying the sensor end 23 and other equipment to perform flight operations;

[0066] The sensor end 23 is used to obtain remote sensing data of the surface or water body;

[0067] The data processing terminal 24 is used to pre-process, analyze and interpret the collected remote sensing data.

[0068] In this embodiment, the drone end 22 has stable flight performance, sufficient load capacity and long endurance time to ensure that remote sensing detection tasks over large areas can be completed; the sensor end 23 identifies and measures the distribution of suspended sediment in the water body by capturing light reflection information in different bands, and the near-infrared band is more sensitive to the increase in suspended sediment content.

[0069] Further, the alarm module 5 includes an alarm trigger unit 25, an information output unit 26 and an alarm recording unit 27, and the alarm trigger unit 25, the information output unit 26 and the alarm recording unit 27 are all connected to the control platform 6;

[0070] The alarm triggering unit 25 is responsible for determining whether an alarm needs to be triggered according to a preset threshold or condition;

[0071] The information output unit 26 is used to output the alarm information to relevant personnel or systems in an appropriate form after the alarm is triggered;

[0072] The alarm recording unit 27 is responsible for recording detailed information of each alarm, including alarm time, alarm type, and alarm level.

[0073] In this embodiment, when the monitoring data exceeds the set threshold or meets specific conditions, the alarm trigger unit 25 will immediately start the alarm process; the information output unit 26 can transmit alarm information to the user through sound, light, text message, and email to ensure that the user can obtain the alarm content in time; the alarm recording unit 27 can save the monitoring data and processing results related to the alarm, providing a basis for subsequent analysis and improvement.

[0074] Furthermore, the suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology also includes a data storage module 28, and the data storage module 28 is connected to the control platform 6;

[0075] The data storage module 28 is used to store the received suspended sediment data.

[0076] In this embodiment, the data storage module 28 is used to store the received suspended sediment data.

[0077] Further, the data storage module 28 includes a data management unit 29, a data compression unit 30, a data storage unit 31 and a data backup unit 32, and the data management unit 29, the data compression unit 30, the data storage unit 31 and the data backup unit 32 are all connected to the control platform 6;

[0078] The data management unit 29 is responsible for organizing, classifying and indexing the collected suspended sediment concentration information and sending it to the data compression unit 30;

[0079] The data compression unit 30 is used to compress the sorted, classified and indexed data to reduce the storage space and transmission bandwidth requirements of the data;

[0080] The data storage unit 31 is used to store the compressed data in a physical storage medium;

[0081] The data backup unit 32 is used to regularly back up the compressed data to prevent data loss or damage.

[0082] In this embodiment, the data management unit 29 implements efficient data organization and storage structure to ensure the integrity and consistency of the data, and supports concurrent access and operation by multiple users; the data compression unit 30 adopts an efficient compression algorithm to ensure that the quality or accuracy of the data is not significantly lost while compressing the data; the data storage unit 31 has the characteristics of high-speed reading and writing capabilities, large-capacity storage space and high reliability to ensure the security and durability of the data; the data backup unit 32 implements automated backup strategies and processes, and supports multiple backup methods to ensure that data can be quickly restored in the event of a failure.

[0083] Furthermore, the suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology further includes a data encryption module 33 and an identity authentication module 34, and both the data encryption module 33 and the identity authentication module 34 are connected to the control platform 6;

[0084] The data encryption module 33 is used to encrypt the received data;

[0085] The identity authentication module 34 is used to authenticate the identity information of the staff.

[0086] In this embodiment, the data encryption module 33 is used to encrypt the received data, and the identity authentication module 34 is used to authenticate the identity information of the staff.

[0087] Further, the data encryption module 33 includes a key management unit 35, an encryption algorithm unit 36, a data encryption unit 37 and a data decryption unit 38, and the key management unit 35, the encryption algorithm unit 36, the data encryption unit 37 and the data decryption unit 38 are all connected to the control platform 6;

[0088] The key management unit 35 is responsible for generating, storing, distributing and updating encryption keys;

[0089] The encryption algorithm unit 36 ​​is used to provide an algorithm for data encryption;

[0090] The data encryption unit 37 is used to encrypt the collected concentration information using the generated key and the provided encryption algorithm;

[0091] The data decryption unit 38 is used to decrypt the encrypted concentration information using the generated key and the provided encryption algorithm.

[0092] In this embodiment, the key management unit 35 ensures the security and validity of the key to prevent the key from being leaked or illegally obtained; the encryption algorithm unit 36 ​​determines the parameters and configuration of the encryption algorithm to ensure the security and efficiency of data encryption; the data encryption unit 37 ensures the security of data during transmission and storage to prevent the data from being illegally accessed or tampered with; the data decryption unit 38 ensures that only authorized users can decrypt and access the original data to protect the confidentiality and integrity of the data.

[0093] Furthermore, the identity authentication module 34 includes a user management unit 39, an authentication service unit 40, an authority control unit 41 and a security audit unit 42, and the user management unit 39, the authentication service unit 40, the authority control unit 41 and the security audit unit 42 are all connected to the control platform 6.

[0094] The user management unit 39 is responsible for basic operations such as user registration, login, and information modification;

[0095] The authentication service unit 40 is used to provide user identity authentication functions, such as username and password authentication and two-factor authentication;

[0096] The permission control unit 41 is used to control the user's access to system resources according to the user's role and permission;

[0097] The security audit unit 42 is used to record and monitor the user's operation behavior, including login, access, and modification.

[0098] In this embodiment, the user management unit 39 ensures the accuracy and security of user information to prevent unauthorized access and tampering; the authentication service unit 40 uses encryption technology to protect the security of user credentials during the verification process to prevent the credentials from being stolen or leaked; the permission control unit 41 reduces system security risks and improves system security by implementing the principle of least privilege; the security audit unit 42 provides a basis for the investigation and analysis of security incidents and helps track and locate the source of the problem.

[0099] Based on the present invention, please refer to Figure 6 .

[0100] The present invention also provides a suspended sediment monitoring method based on remote sensing technology, which is applied to the above-mentioned suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology, and comprises the following steps:

[0101] S1: using the satellite remote sensing data receiving unit 16 and the UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit 17 to obtain multiple band information of suspended sediment in the water body;

[0102] S2: performing radiation calibration, atmospheric correction, and geometric correction processing on the acquired remote sensing image based on the data processing module 3;

[0103] S3: Extract the reflectance and scattering of water bodies related to suspended sediment concentration from the preprocessed remote sensing images;

[0104] S4: Based on the extracted feature information, a statistical model and a machine learning model are established between the suspended sediment concentration and the remote sensing image features;

[0105] S5: Using the established model, the remote sensing image is inverted to obtain the suspended sediment concentration distribution map in the water body, and finally the monitoring results of suspended sediment are obtained based on the suspended sediment concentration distribution map.

[0106] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology, characterized in that: It includes a concentration inversion module, a model building module, a data processing module, a remote sensing data acquisition module, an alarm module and a control platform, wherein the concentration inversion module includes an inversion calculation unit, a result output unit and a visualization display unit, the model building module includes a model training unit, a model verification unit and a model update unit, the data processing module includes a radiation calibration unit, a correction unit and a feature extraction unit, the remote sensing data acquisition module includes a satellite remote sensing data receiving unit and a UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit, and the concentration inversion module, the model building module, the data processing module, the remote sensing data acquisition module and the alarm module are all connected to the control platform; The UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit is used to quickly acquire data and transmit it to the ground station in real time for processing and analysis. The satellite remote sensing data receiving unit uses multiple spectral bands to monitor suspended sediment in the water body. At the same time, the correction unit is responsible for correcting deformations such as the atmosphere, the curvature of the earth, the terrain undulations, and the satellite orbit deviation. The radiation calibration unit is used to convert the original digital values ​​recorded by the sensor into actual physical quantities and eliminate the differences in the responses of different sensors to the same ground object; The inversion calculation unit is responsible for converting the remote sensing data collected by the UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit into the concentration information of suspended sediment, and the result output unit outputs the concentration information obtained by the inversion calculation in a structured form to the visualization display unit, the feature extraction unit and the model training unit; The visualization display unit is used to visualize the concentration information obtained by inversion calculation to generate intuitive charts, maps or animations; The feature extraction unit is used to construct an inversion model of suspended sediment concentration using the extracted features to achieve quantitative estimation of suspended sediment concentration; The model training unit is used to train the selected algorithm through the received concentration information to construct a mapping relationship between the suspended sediment concentration and the remote sensing data, and the model verification unit is used to evaluate the performance of the trained model, while the model updating unit is responsible for updating and optimizing the model regularly or irregularly; The alarm module is used to issue an alarm to alert staff when the model training unit is abnormal; The control platform is responsible for the operation control and management of the entire monitoring system.

2. The suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The satellite remote sensing data receiving unit includes an antenna end, a radio frequency front end, a baseband processing end and a transmission end, and the antenna end, the radio frequency front end, the baseband processing end and the transmission end are all connected to the control platform; The antenna end is responsible for receiving remote sensing signals from satellites and also for sending information; The radio frequency front end is used to convert the received remote sensing signal into an intermediate frequency or baseband signal; The baseband processing end is used to demodulate, decode and format the intermediate frequency signal or the baseband signal; The transmission end is used to transmit the demodulated, decoded and formatted data to other system components or users through the antenna end.

3. The suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit includes a UAV end, a sensor end and a data processing end, and the UAV end, the sensor end and the data processing end are all connected to the control platform; The drone is responsible for carrying the sensor and other equipment to perform flight operations; The sensor end is used to obtain remote sensing data of the surface or water body; The data processing end is used to pre-process, analyze and interpret the collected remote sensing data.

4. The suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: The alarm module includes an alarm trigger unit, an information output unit and an alarm recording unit, and the alarm trigger unit, the information output unit and the alarm recording unit are all connected to the control platform; The alarm triggering unit is responsible for determining whether an alarm needs to be triggered according to a preset threshold or condition; The information output unit is used to output the alarm information to relevant personnel or systems in an appropriate form after the alarm is triggered; The alarm recording unit is responsible for recording detailed information of each alarm, including alarm time, alarm type, and alarm level.

5. The suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology also includes a data storage module, and the data storage module is connected to the control platform; The data storage module is used to store the received suspended sediment data.

6. The suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The data storage module includes a data management unit, a data compression unit, a data storage unit and a data backup unit, and the data management unit, the data compression unit, the data storage unit and the data backup unit are all connected to the control platform; The data management unit is responsible for organizing, classifying and indexing the collected suspended sediment concentration information and sending it to the data compression unit; The data compression unit is used to compress the sorted, classified and indexed data to reduce the storage space and transmission bandwidth requirements of the data; The data storage unit is used to store the compressed data in a physical storage medium; The data backup unit is used to regularly back up the compressed data to prevent data loss or damage.

7. A method for monitoring suspended sediment based on remote sensing technology, applied to the suspended sediment monitoring system based on remote sensing technology as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Using the satellite remote sensing data receiving unit and the UAV remote sensing data acquisition unit to obtain multiple band information of suspended sediment in the water body; Based on the data processing module, the acquired remote sensing image is subjected to radiation calibration, atmospheric correction and geometric correction processing; Extract the reflectance and scattering rate of water bodies related to the suspended sediment concentration from the preprocessed remote sensing images; Based on the extracted feature information, statistical models and machine learning models are established between suspended sediment concentration and remote sensing image features; The established model is used to invert the remote sensing image to obtain the suspended sediment concentration distribution map in the water body. Finally, the monitoring results of suspended sediment are obtained based on the suspended sediment concentration distribution map.

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