Method suitable for artificial breeding of grouper in high latitude area

Abstract

The invention provides an artificial grouper breeding method suitable for high latitude areas, and relates to the technical field of grouper culture, the method specifically comprises the following steps: S1, transportation and treatment of grouper fertilized eggs; s2, breeding grouper seedlings in the high-latitude region; s3, preparing and transporting the juvenile fish from the high-latitude area to the low-latitude area; and S4, carrying the juvenile fish back to the low-latitude region, and carrying out adaptive culture. According to the technical scheme, after the fertilized eggs of the groupers in the low-latitude area are conveyed to the high-latitude area for fry breeding, the groupers are bred in the low-latitude area, negative effects of pathogenic microorganisms and water bodies on the groupers under the natural habitat are effectively avoided, and the occurrence of diseases of the grouper fries is effectively prevented; and the quality and yield of grouper culture are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grouper breeding, and in particular to a method for artificial breeding of grouper suitable for high-latitude areas. Background Art

[0002] Grouper is a carnivorous fish that lives in tropical and subtropical waters. It belongs to the family Epinephelus of the order Perciformes. It is famous for its delicious meat and rich nutrition. It is known as the "chicken of the sea" and is an important edible fish in the southern coastal areas of my country. Among them, Guangdong Province, Hainan Province and Fujian Province have always been important areas for the supply of grouper seedlings and commercial fish farming.

[0003] However, with the expansion of grouper farming, the production of grouper fry in the main grouper fry producing areas in the south has encountered bottlenecks. This is mainly due to the following reasons: grouper itself is a tropical and subtropical species, and there are a large number of viruses, harmful bacteria and parasites adapted to grouper in the local area; in recent years, the scale of grouper farming has become larger and larger, and many farmers have concentrated their farming, and the discharged aquaculture effluent may carry a variety of pathogenic microorganisms and aquaculture waste; the temperature in the south is relatively high, the biodiversity is high, and the reproduction and metabolic rates are fast, which accelerates the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms and harmful bacteria. These factors have caused great harm to the reproduction and growth of grouper. Under the influence of the above factors, the survival rate of grouper fry in southern provinces is generally very low.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to design an improved method for artificial breeding of grouper in high-latitude areas to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention aims to provide a method for artificial breeding of grouper suitable for high-latitude areas.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides a method for artificial breeding of grouper suitable for high-latitude areas, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Transportation and handling of grouper fertilized eggs:

[0008] In low-latitude areas, the fertilized grouper eggs are placed in a hatching bucket filled with seawater and continuously aerated for 6-8 hours; after the incubation is completed, the high-quality eggs on the upper layer are fished out, packaged, and transported to a nursery in a high-latitude area for seedling cultivation;

[0009] S2. Breeding of grouper in high latitudes:

[0010] The fertilized eggs are placed in the nursery pond in the nursery. The fry enter the hatching stage 50 hours after hatching. The fry are fed as follows: ss rotifers are added to feed the fry twice a day, 30 million each time. In addition, chlorella is added twice a day, 10 ppm each time, and the light intensity on the water surface is maintained at 1000-3000 lux, 24 hours of light, for 7 days; 7 days after hatching, Artemia larvae are fed, and 30% of the water is changed every day for 20 days. Disinfected Daphnia are fed from 28 days after hatching until 40 days after hatching, and 100% of the water is changed every day;

[0011] Move the seedlings into the standard seedling pond, start feeding disinfected Daphnia after 4-6 hours, and start changing the water after 24 hours, with a daily water change of 200%;

[0012] S3. Preparation and transportation of juvenile fish from high latitudes to low latitudes:

[0013] When the fry reach 8cm in length, they are transported to low-latitude areas in subtropical or tropical waters for breeding. When preparing to transport them back, they need to be prepared at least 10 days in advance, and the fry are fed functional feed every day until they are full. Feeding is stopped the day before transportation. During transportation, the water temperature of the fry must be ensured to be 24-26℃, the dissolved oxygen is not less than 6mg / L, 0.1 ppm eugenol, 0.2 ppm available iodine, and 0.5 ppm vitamin C are added to the water, and the biological density per cubic meter of water is not more than 10kg / m 3 ;

[0014] S4. Adaptive breeding of young fish after transporting them back to low-latitude areas:

[0015] Prepare ponds in the breeding areas of low latitudes. Do not feed the fry on the first day of the pond. Feed them according to the feeding conditions of the fry on the second day. The specific feeding method is as follows: In the first stage, the adaptation stage, feed them according to the feeding conditions of the fry. Feed them with functional disease-resistant feed once a day for 6-8 days. The configuration method of functional disease-resistant feed is to add 5g of doxycycline for aquaculture and 1×10 8 cfu lactic acid bacteria, 20 mL bile acid, 10 g astragalus polysaccharide, 5 g wolfberry powder, 2 g Polygonum multiflorum powder, 1 g Salvia miltiorrhiza powder. At the same time, 5 kg glucose, 2 kg sodium humate, 1 kg polybasic organic acid, and 0.5 kg lauric acid were added to each mu of pond every day, and the daily water change rate was 20%. In the second stage, the strengthening stage, feeding was carried out slowly until the stomach was full. Nutritionally fortified feed was fed once a day for 12-20 days. The configuration method of nutritionally fortified feed was to add 5 g Schizochytrium algae and 1×10 8cfu lactic acid bacteria, 20 mL bile acid, 5 g astaxanthin, 1 g taurine, 1 g vitamin C, 0.5 g vitamin E. At the same time, 2 kg of polybasic organic acids and 1 kg of lauric acid were added to each acre of pond every day, and the daily water change rate was 20%. After the second stage, breeding was carried out according to conventional breeding methods in low-latitude areas.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the size of the nursery pond is 20-40m 3 The pool is filled with clean seawater at 28-30℃. One day before spawning, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 Bacillus, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 nitrifying bacteria, 5 ppm lauric acid, and continuous aeration; on the day of egg laying, add 1 ppm vitamin C, 1 ppm astragalus polysaccharide, 1 ppm disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.1 ppm taurine, 2 ppm glucose, and 10 ppm concentrated chlorella to the nursery pond.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, before the fertilized eggs are placed in the nursery pond, the following treatment is required: 28-30°C clean seawater is placed in the hatching bucket at the nursery in advance; after the fertilized eggs are transported to the nursery, the packaged bag containing the fertilized eggs is placed in the clean seawater prepared in advance, and 5 ppm effective iodine, 5 ppm doxycycline for aquaculture, and 1 ppm vitamin C are added to the hatching bucket; after acclimation for 10 minutes, the fertilized eggs in the packaged bag are slowly poured into the hatching bucket, and placed again for 20 minutes, aeration is stopped, the water body is calmed, and a scoop net is used to scoop out the upper layer of high-quality eggs and placed in the nursery pond.

[0018] Preferably, in step S2, the standard seedling pond is filled with clean seawater at 28-30°C, and 5 ppm doxycycline for aquaculture, 1 ppm astragalus polysaccharide, and 1 ppm electrolytic multivitamin are added to the standard seedling pond on the day of moving the seedlings. The water flow rate in the seedling nursery pond meets the maximum daily water exchange rate of 600%; 1 ppm sodium humate, 1 ppm vitamin C, and 10 ppm glucose are injected into the seedling nursery pond 1 hour before moving the seedlings into the standard seedling pond.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, the pond water depth is 1.5 m, and the amount added per mu of pond is not less than 1×10 10 CFU of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, not less than 1×10 10 CFU of Bacillus, not less than 1×10 10 CFU nitrifying bacteria, not less than 1×10 10 cfu lactic acid bacteria, not less than 8×109 Chlorella, 20 kg glucose, 1.2 kg urea, 300 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and use 2 wheeled water trucks to keep the water flowing for 4 days to establish an ecological environment.

[0020] Preferably, in step S3, the composition of the functional anti-stress feed is as follows: 2g Schizochytrium, 2g astaxanthin, 1g taurine, 1g Ziziphus jujuba seed powder, 1g lily powder, 1g vitamin C, and 0.5g vitamin E are added to every 10kg of feed.

[0021] Preferably, in step S2, in order to prevent the fry from biting each other, the environment is kept dark at ordinary times, and the light is turned on only when feeding. The light intensity on the water surface is 1000-3000 lux, and the fish are screened every 3 days to separate fish of different sizes. Three days after moving the pond, artificial feed is started to be domesticated, and biological bait is gradually switched to artificial feed until the fry grow to 8 cm.

[0022] Preferably, in step S1, the specific steps of the packaging process are as follows: use a double-layer packaging bag to hold the prepared packaging water, place the fished-out upper layer of high-quality eggs in it, and the fertilized eggs in each liter of water do not exceed 10g; the composition of the packaging water includes: salt water with a salinity of 28%, 1 ppm vitamin C, 0.2 ppm zinc chloride and 0.5 ppm disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

[0023] Preferably, in step S1, the temperature of the incubation process is 28-32°C, and the salinity of the seawater is 25-35%.

[0024] Preferably, in step S1, the transportation time does not exceed 30 hours, and the temperature of the water during transportation is 24-26°C.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The method for artificial breeding of grouper in high latitudes provided by the present invention is to transport the fertilized eggs of grouper in low latitudes to high latitudes for breeding, and then breed the grouper in low latitudes. This method can make full use of the geographical advantages of high and low latitudes, avoid the negative impact of pathogenic microorganisms and water bodies on grouper in natural habitats, and improve the problem of low survival rate of grouper fry. The breeding method proposed by the present invention effectively prevents the occurrence of grouper fry diseases, improves the quality and yield of grouper breeding, and compared with the traditional breeding mode, the survival rate is increased by more than 172.6%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The present invention is a specific flow chart of the method for artificial breeding of grouper suitable for high-latitude areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the text, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0030] In addition, it should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0031] See also Figure 1 As shown, the method for artificial breeding of grouper in high latitudes provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1. Transportation and handling of grouper fertilized eggs:

[0033] In low-latitude areas, the fertilized grouper eggs are placed in a hatching bucket filled with seawater and continuously aerated, and incubated in salt water at 28-32°C for 6-8 hours. The salinity of the seawater is 25-35%. After the incubation is completed, aeration is stopped, and after the water body calms down, the high-quality eggs on the upper layer are fished out, packaged, and transported to hatcheries in high-latitude areas for seedling cultivation;

[0034] S2. Breeding of grouper in high latitudes:

[0035] Prepare nursery ponds in advance at nursery sites in high latitudes. The size of the nursery ponds should be 20-40m 3 The pond is filled with clean seawater at 28-30℃. One day before spawning, add 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 Bacillus, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 nitrifying bacteria, 5 ppm lauric acid, and continuous aeration; on the day of egg laying, add 1 ppm vitamin C, 1 ppm astragalus polysaccharide, 1 ppm disodium EDTA, 0.1 ppm taurine, 2 ppm glucose, and 10 ppm concentrated Chlorella to the nursery pond;

[0036] Place clean seawater at 28-30℃ in the hatchery in advance. After the fertilized eggs are transported to the hatchery, place the packaged bag containing the fertilized eggs in the clean seawater prepared in advance, and add 5 ppm effective iodine, 5 ppm doxycycline for aquaculture, and 1 ppm vitamin C to the hatchery. After acclimatization for 10 minutes, slowly pour the fertilized eggs in the packaged bag into the hatchery bucket and place them for another 20 minutes. Stop aeration to calm the water, use a scoop net to fish out the high-quality eggs on the upper layer, and place them in the nursery pond. The entire incubation process of the fertilized eggs lasts about 26 hours. Reduce the aeration volume before hatching to prevent excessive gas from causing gas bubble disease or hitting the fry.

[0037] The fry start to eat about 50 hours after hatching, which is also called "opening". The feeding method is as follows: SS rotifers with a short diameter of 60-90 μm and a long diameter of 110-150 μm are fed to the fry twice a day, 30 million each time. In addition, chlorella is added twice a day, 10 ppm each time, and the light intensity on the water surface is maintained at 1000-3000 lux, 24h lighting, for 7 days; 7 days after opening, Artemia larvae are fed, and 30% of the water is changed every day for 20 days. On the 28th day after opening, disinfected Daphnia are fed until the 40th day after opening, and 100% of the water is changed every day. At this time, the metamorphosis is completed and the pattern slowly grows; it should be noted that in this step, SS rotifers are used to provide the necessary nutrition for the growth of fry, so there is no restriction on their specific species, as long as they can meet the actual needs;

[0038] Prepare the seedling standard pool in advance and fill it with clean seawater at 28-30℃. On the day of moving the seedlings, add 5 ppm doxycycline for aquaculture, 1 ppm astragalus polysaccharide, and 1 ppm electrolytic multivitamin to the seedling standard pool. The water flow rate of the seedling pool should meet the maximum daily water exchange rate of 600%.

[0039] 1 hour before moving the fry into the standard seedling pond, add 1 ppm sodium humate, 1 ppm vitamin C, and 10 ppm glucose into the nursery pond to prevent stress; use a scoop net to move the fry into the standard seedling pond, start feeding disinfected Daphnia granatum after 4-6 hours, and start changing the water after 24 hours, with a daily water change of 200%;

[0040] S3. Preparation and transportation of juvenile fish from high latitudes to low latitudes:

[0041] When the fry reach 8cm in length, they are transported to low-latitude areas in subtropical or tropical waters for breeding. At this time, the fry can resist the neuronecrosis virus well, avoiding the death of the fry due to changes in the water environment during the later transportation. When preparing to transport them back, they need to be prepared at least 10 days in advance, feed the fry with functional feed every day until they are full, and stop feeding the day before transportation. During transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the water temperature of the fry is 24-26℃, use pure oxygen aeration, and the dissolved oxygen is not less than 6mg / L. Add 0.1 ppm eugenol, 0.2 ppm available iodine, and 0.5 ppm vitamin C to the water, stir evenly, weigh the fry and load them into the transportation vehicle. During transportation, the biological density of each cubic meter of water is not more than 10 kg / m 3 ;

[0042] S4. Adaptive breeding of young fish after transporting them back to low-latitude areas:

[0043] Prepare ponds in aquaculture areas in low-latitude areas in advance, draw ordinary seawater and connect a high-pressure water gun to rinse the ponds clean, use 10 kg of bleaching powder per mu of ponds, and disinfect them evenly; add seawater to ensure that the pond is 1.5 m deep, wait for the seawater to knock out the algae, and then add 10 kg of bleaching powder per mu of ponds for disinfection. After one day of sun exposure, add 0.3 ppm copper acetate for disinfection. On the second day, add 0.5 ppm disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 2 ppm polybasic organic acid;

[0044] The pond water depth is 1.5 m, and the amount added per mu of pond is not less than 1×10 10 CFU of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, not less than 1×10 10 CFU of Bacillus, not less than 1×10 10 CFU of nitrifying bacteria, not less than 1×10 10 cfu of lactic acid bacteria, not less than 8×10 9 chlorella, 20 kg glucose, 1.2 kg urea, 300 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, use 2 wheeled water trucks to keep the water flowing for 4 days to create an ecological environment for grouper survival; place a pond with an area of ​​not less than 20m 2 The light-proof floating objects are used to create a low-light environment suitable for grouper fry to hide in the pond, so that the grouper fry can adapt to the outdoor environment as quickly as possible;

[0045] After the ecological environment is established, the fry are put into the pond. The fry are not fed on the first day of the pond. On the second day, they are fed according to their feeding conditions. The specific feeding method is as follows: (1) In the first stage, the adaptation stage, the fry are fed according to their feeding conditions, once a day, for 6-8 days. The functional disease-resistant feed is based on artificial compound feed. The artificial compound feed needs to meet the requirements of 52% protein content, 15% lipid content, and 15% carbohydrate content. The preparation method is to add 5g of doxycycline for aquaculture and 1×10 8 cfu lactic acid bacteria, 20 mL bile acid, 10 g astragalus polysaccharide, 5 g wolfberry powder, 2 g Polygonum multiflorum powder, 1 g Salvia miltiorrhiza powder. At the same time, 5 kg glucose, 2 kg sodium humate, 1 kg polybasic organic acid, and 0.5 kg lauric acid were added to each mu of pond every day. The daily water change rate was 20%; (2) The second stage, the strengthening stage, was to feed slowly until the stomach was full. Nutritionally fortified feed was fed once a day for 12-20 days. The nutritionally fortified feed was based on artificial compound feed. The artificial compound feed had a protein content of 52%, a lipid content of 15%, and a carbohydrate content of 15%. The preparation method was to add 5 g Schizochytrium truncatum and 1×10 8 cfu lactic acid bacteria, 20 mL bile acid, 5g astaxanthin, 1g taurine, 1g vitamin C, 0.5g vitamin E. At the same time, 2 kg of polybasic organic acids and 1 kg of lauric acid are injected into each acre of pond every day, and the daily water change volume is 20%. After the second stage, breeding can be carried out according to conventional breeding methods in low-latitude areas.

[0046] In some embodiments, in step S1, the transportation time does not exceed 30 hours, and the temperature of the water during transportation is 24-26°C.

[0047] In some embodiments, in step S1, the specific steps of the packaging process are as follows: using a double-layer packaging bag to hold the prepared packaging water, placing the fished-out upper layer of high-quality eggs in the bag, and the fertilized eggs in each liter of water do not exceed 10g. The packaging water comprises: salt water with a salinity of 28%, 1 ppm vitamin C, 0.2 ppm zinc chloride, and 0.5 ppm disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

[0048] In some embodiments, in step S2, in order to prevent the fry from biting each other, the dark environment is usually maintained, and the light is turned on only when feeding. The light intensity on the water surface is 1000-3000 lux, and the fish are screened every 3 days to separate fish of different sizes; three days after moving the pond, the artificial feed is started to be domesticated, and the biological bait is gradually changed to artificial feed until it is raised to 8 cm. The daily water change amount in this process gradually increases, and the specific water change amount can be adjusted as needed, as long as the water body can be kept clean. When feeding the feed, a plastic scoop is used to knock on the wall of the pond to form a conditioned reflex for the young fish. Once the wall of the pond is knocked, the fish will come to the knocking place to eat.

[0049] In some embodiments, in step S3, the composition of the functional anti-stress feed is based on artificial compound feed, the artificial compound feed has a protein content of 52%, a lipid content of 15%, and a carbohydrate content of 15%. 2g of Schizochytrium, 2g of astaxanthin, 1g of taurine, 1g of Ziziphus jujuba seed powder, 1g of lily powder, 1g of vitamin C, and 0.5g of vitamin E are added to every 10 kg of basic feed. In this step, by feeding the functional feed for a specific period of time, stress and death of young fish during transportation can be prevented.

[0050] The method for artificial breeding of grouper in high latitudes proposed by the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0051] Example 1

[0052] This embodiment provides a method for artificial breeding of grouper suitable for high-latitude areas, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. Transportation and handling of grouper fertilized eggs:

[0054] Groupers usually spawn at night. After fertilization, they are placed in an incubation bucket filled with seawater and continuously aerated, and incubated in 28°C salt water for 8 hours. The salinity of the seawater is 33%. After the incubation is completed, aeration is stopped and the water body is allowed to calm down for 10 minutes. During the calming process, good eggs float up and dead eggs sink. The high-quality eggs on the upper layer are fished out and placed in another incubation bucket using a scoop net. 10L of prepared packing water is placed in a double-layer packing bag, and 100g of fertilized eggs are placed in each packing bag. The packing bags are placed in a foam insulation box, and round ice bags are placed around the packing bags to maintain a suitable temperature. They are transported by air and arrive at the destination in about 10 hours.

[0055] S2. Breeding of grouper in high latitudes:

[0056] Prepare 25m in advance at the nursery at the destination 3 The nursery pond was filled with clean seawater at 28°C. One day before the eggs were released, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3Bacillus, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 nitrifying bacteria, 5 ppm lauric acid, and continuous aeration; on the day of egg laying, add 1 ppm vitamin C, 1 ppm astragalus polysaccharide, 1 ppm disodium EDTA, 0.1 ppm taurine, 2 ppm glucose, and 10 ppm concentrated Chlorella to the nursery pond;

[0057] Place clean seawater at 28℃ in the hatchery in advance. After the fertilized eggs are transported to the hatchery, place the packaged bag containing the fertilized eggs in the clean seawater prepared in advance, and add 5 ppm effective iodine, 5 ppm doxycycline for aquaculture, and 1 ppm vitamin C to the hatchery. After acclimation for 10 minutes, slowly pour the fertilized eggs in the packaged bag into the hatchery bucket. After 20 minutes, stop aeration, calm the water, use a scoop net to scoop out the high-quality eggs on the upper layer, and put them into the nursery pond; the entire incubation process of the fertilized eggs lasts about 26 hours. Reduce the aeration volume before hatching to prevent excessive gas volume from causing bubble disease or hitting the fry;

[0058] About 50 hours after the fry hatched, they began to eat, also known as "opening". The feeding method was as follows: feed the fry with ss rotifers twice a day, 30 million each time, and add chlorella twice a day, 10 ppm each time, and maintain the light intensity of 1500 lux on the water surface, 24 hours of light, for 7 days; 7 days after opening, start feeding Artemia larvae, change 30% of the water every day, for 20 days, and start feeding disinfected Daphnia grana on 28 days after opening until 40 days after opening, change 100% of the water every day, at which time the metamorphosis is completed and the pattern slowly grows; to prevent the fry from biting each other, the fish room is kept in a dark environment, and the lights are turned on only when feeding, and the light intensity on the water surface is 1000 lux, screen the fish every 3 days to separate fish of different sizes; start taming artificial feed three days after moving the pond (the breeding process is configured according to actual needs), gradually switch from biological bait to artificial feed until the fish grow to 8 cm, and gradually increase the daily water change volume to keep the water clean; when feeding, use a plastic ladle to knock on the pond wall to make the young fish form a conditioned reflex. Once the pond wall is knocked, the fish will come to the knocking place to eat;

[0059] Prepare the seedling standard pool in advance and fill it with clean seawater at 28°C. On the day of moving the seedlings, add 5 ppm doxycycline for aquaculture, 1 ppm astragalus polysaccharide, and 1 ppm electrolytic multivitamin to the seedling standard pool. The water flow in the seedling pool should meet the maximum daily water exchange rate of 600%.

[0060] Prepare to move the fry into the standard seedling pond. Add 1 ppm sodium humate, 1 ppm vitamin C, and 10 ppm glucose into the nursery pond 1 hour in advance to prevent stress. Use a scoop net to move the fry into the standard seedling pond. Start feeding disinfected Daphnia pulex after 6 hours. Start changing the water after 24 hours, with a daily water change of 200%;

[0061] S3. Preparation and transportation of juvenile fish from high latitudes to low latitudes:

[0062] When the fry reaches 8cm in length, they are transported to low-latitude areas in subtropical or tropical waters for breeding. At this time, the fry can resist the neuronecrosis virus well, avoiding the death of the fry due to changes in the water environment during the later transportation. When preparing to transport them back, they need to be prepared at least 10 days in advance, feed the fry with functional feed every day until they are full, and stop feeding the day before transportation. The composition of the functional anti-stress feed is based on artificial compound feed. The artificial compound feed must meet the protein content of 52%, the lipid content of 15%, and the carbohydrate content of 15%. For every 10 kg of basic feed, 2g of Schizochytrium, 2g of astaxanthin, 1g of taurine, 1g of Ziziphus jujuba seed powder, 1g of lily powder, 1g of vitamin C, and 0.5g of vitamin E are added. During transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the water temperature of the fry is 25℃, use pure oxygen aeration, 6mg / L of dissolved oxygen, and add 0.1 ppm eugenol, 0.2 ppm of available iodine, and 0.5 ppm vitamin C, stir evenly, weigh the fry and load them into the transport vehicle. During transportation, the biological density per cubic meter of water shall not exceed 10 kg / m 3 ;

[0063] S4. Adaptive breeding of young fish after transporting them back to low-latitude areas:

[0064] Prepare ponds in aquaculture areas in low-latitude areas in advance, draw ordinary seawater and connect a high-pressure water gun to rinse the ponds clean, use 10 kg of bleaching powder per mu of ponds, and disinfect them evenly; add seawater to ensure that the pond is 1.5 m deep, wait for the seawater to knock out the algae, and then add 10 kg of bleaching powder per mu of ponds for disinfection. After one day of sun exposure, add 0.3 ppm copper acetate for disinfection. On the second day, add 0.5 ppm disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 2 ppm polybasic organic acid;

[0065] The pond water depth is 1.5 m, and the number of additions per mu of pond is 1×10 10 CFU of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 1×10 10 cfu of Bacillus, 1×10 10 CFU of nitrifying bacteria, 1×10 10 cfu lactic acid bacteria, 8×10 9chlorella, 20 kg glucose, 1.2 kg urea, 300 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, use 2 wheeled water trucks to keep the water flowing for 4 days to create an ecological environment for grouper survival; place a 20m 2 The light-proof floating objects are used to create a low-light environment suitable for grouper fry to hide in the pond, so that the grouper fry can adapt to the outdoor environment as quickly as possible;

[0066] After the ecological environment is established, the fry are put into the pond. The fry are not fed on the first day of the pond. On the second day, they are fed according to their feeding conditions. The specific feeding method is as follows: (1) In the first stage, the adaptation stage, the fry are fed according to their feeding conditions. Functional disease-resistant feed is fed once a day for 7 days. The functional disease-resistant feed is based on artificial compound feed. The artificial compound feed needs to meet the requirements of 52% protein content, 15% lipid content, and 15% carbohydrate content. The preparation method is to add 5g of aquatic doxycycline and 1×10 8 cfu lactic acid bacteria, 20 mL bile acid, 10 g astragalus polysaccharide, 5 g wolfberry powder, 2 g Polygonum multiflorum powder, 1 g Salvia miltiorrhiza powder. At the same time, 5 kg glucose, 2 kg sodium humate, 1 kg polybasic organic acid, and 0.5 kg lauric acid were added to each mu of pond every day. The daily water change rate was 20%; (2) The second stage, the strengthening stage, was to feed slowly until the stomach was full. Nutritionally fortified feed was fed once a day for 20 days. The nutritionally fortified feed was based on artificial compound feed. The artificial compound feed was required to meet the requirements of 52% protein content, 15% lipid content, and 15% carbohydrate content. The preparation method was to add 5 g Schizochytrium truncatum and 1×10 8 cfu lactic acid bacteria, 20 mL bile acid, 5g astaxanthin, 1g taurine, 1g vitamin C, 0.5g vitamin E. At the same time, 2 kg of polybasic organic acids and 1 kg of lauric acid are injected into each acre of pond every day, and the daily water change volume is 20%. After the second stage, breeding can be carried out according to conventional breeding methods in low-latitude areas.

[0067] Furthermore, the present invention applies the above-mentioned breeding method to the actual application process and compares it with the traditional breeding method, specifically according to the following method: 4.2 kg of high-quality tiger dragon hybrid spot fertilized eggs are respectively raised in indoor factory fish ponds in Hainan Province, outdoor ponds in Hainan Province, and indoor factory fish ponds in Shandong Province. The indoor factory fish ponds in Hainan Province and outdoor ponds in Hainan Province all adopt conventional methods to hatch and raise fry. The indoor factory fish ponds in Shandong Province adopt the method proposed in this embodiment to raise fry. The later breeding process is carried out according to the conventional breeding method of tiger dragon hybrid spot in Hainan. The survival rate of the fry is counted twice. The first statistics are after the metamorphosis of the grouper fry is completed and it becomes a juvenile fish. The survival rates of the three breeding modes are counted respectively; the second statistics are when the fry hatched in Shandong Province are transported back to Hainan Province, and no longer have stress reactions, and the survival rates of the three breeding modes are counted respectively. Among them, Hainan Province's indoor factory and Shandong Province's indoor factory have set up 6 fish ponds respectively, with a size of 25 cubic meters. Each fish pond is stocked with 0.2 kg of tiger-dragon hybrid fertilized eggs. Hainan Province has 3 outdoor ponds, each with a size of 3 mu, and each pond is stocked with 0.6 kg of fertilized eggs.

[0068] The statistics of seedling production using different seedling raising methods are shown in Table 1. The results show that when the seedling raising method proposed by the present invention is used, the survival rate of white-bodied seedlings and 12 cm fry per male is 8.77%, which is significantly higher than 2.94% of traditional workshop seedling raising in Hainan Province and 4.76% of outdoor pond seedling raising. This is because: there are fewer pathogenic microorganisms threatening the survival of grouper in high-latitude areas, the biological bait is highly clean, and the temperature is low, so the impact of ammonia and nitrogen is small. In the table, HNCJ represents the workshop seedling raising pond in Hainan Province, HNWT represents the outdoor seedling raising pond in Hainan Province, and SDCJ represents the workshop seedling raising pond in Shandong Province.

[0069] Table 1 Statistics of seedling production using different seedling raising methods in Example 1

[0070]

[0071] Example 2

[0072] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that high-quality golden tiger hybrid spot fertilized eggs are raised at different release amounts, specifically according to the following method: 3 kg of high-quality golden tiger hybrid spot fertilized eggs are raised in indoor factory fish ponds in Hainan Province, outdoor ponds in Hainan Province, and indoor factory fish ponds in Shandong Province. The indoor factory fish ponds in Hainan Province and outdoor ponds in Hainan Province both use traditional methods to hatch and raise fry, and the indoor factory fish ponds in Shandong Province use the method proposed in Example 1 to raise fry. The survival rate of the fry is counted twice, the first statistics are after the metamorphosis of the grouper fry is completed, when it becomes a fry, the survival rates of the three breeding modes are counted respectively; the second statistics are to transport the fry hatched in Shandong Province back to Hainan Province, and after stabilization, the survival rates of the three breeding modes are counted respectively. Among them, Hainan Province’s indoor factory has set up 3 fish ponds with a size of 25 cubic meters, and each fish pond is put with 0.2 kg of fertilized eggs. Shandong Province’s indoor factory has set up 6 fish ponds with a size of 25 cubic meters, and each fish pond is put with 0.2 kg of fertilized eggs. Hainan Province has 2 outdoor ponds, each with a size of 3 acres, and each pond is put with 0.6 kg of fertilized eggs.

[0073] The statistics of seedling production using different seedling raising methods in this embodiment are shown in Table 2. The results show that the survival rate of white-bodied seedlings and 12 cm fry per male when using the seedling raising method proposed by the present invention is 8.79%, which is significantly higher than the survival rates of 5.09% and 3.29% in the workshop seedling raising in Hainan Province and outdoor ponds. In the table, HNCJ represents the workshop seedling raising pond in Hainan Province, HNWT represents the outdoor seedling raising pond in Hainan Province, and SDCJ represents the workshop seedling raising pond in Shandong Province.

[0074] Table 2 Statistics of seedling production using different seedling raising methods in Example 2

[0075]

[0076] Example 3

[0077] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that high-quality blue-bodied large-spotted grouper fertilized eggs are raised at different amounts, specifically according to the following method: 2 kg of high-quality golden tiger hybrid spot fertilized eggs are raised in indoor factory fish ponds in Hainan Province and indoor factory fish ponds in Shandong Province, respectively. The indoor factory fish ponds in Hainan Province use traditional methods to hatch and raise fry, and the indoor factory fish ponds in Shandong Province use the method proposed in Example 1 to raise fry. The survival rate of the fry is counted twice. The first statistics are when the grouper fry metamorphosis is completed and becomes a juvenile, and the survival rates of the two breeding modes are counted respectively; the second statistics are when the fry hatched in Shandong Province are transported back to Hainan Province, and after stabilization, the survival rates of the two breeding modes are counted respectively. Among them, the indoor factory in Hainan Province sets up 2 fish ponds, each of which is 25 cubic meters in size, and each pond is put with 0.2 kg of fertilized eggs, and the indoor factory in Shandong Province sets up 8 ponds, each of which is 25 cubic meters in size, and each pond is put with 0.2 kg of fertilized eggs.

[0078] The statistics of seedling production using different seedling raising methods in this embodiment are shown in Table 3. The results show that when the seedling raising method proposed by the present invention is used, the survival rate of white-bodied seedlings and 12 cm fry per male is 7.16%, which is significantly higher than the 1.83% survival rate of seedling raising in workshops in Hainan Province. The seedling production of high-latitude seedling raising method is also relatively stable. In the table, HNCJ represents the seedling raising pool in the workshop in Hainan Province, and SDCJ represents the seedling raising pool in the workshop in Shandong Province.

[0079] Table 3 Statistics of seedling production using different seedling raising methods in Example 3

[0080]

[0081] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for artificial breeding of grouper suitable for high-latitude areas, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Transportation and handling of grouper fertilized eggs: In low-latitude areas, the fertilized grouper eggs are placed in a hatching bucket filled with seawater and continuously aerated for 6-8 hours; after the incubation is completed, the high-quality eggs on the upper layer are fished out, packaged, and transported to a nursery in a high-latitude area for seedling cultivation; S2. Breeding of grouper in high latitudes: The fertilized eggs are placed in the nursery pond in the nursery. The fry enter the opening stage 50 hours after hatching. Feed the fry as follows: feed the fry with ss rotifers twice a day, 30 million each time, and add chlorella twice a day, 10 ppm each time, and maintain the light intensity of the water surface at 1000-3000 lux, 24 hours of light, for 7 days; 7 days after the fish opened their mouths, they began to feed Artemia larvae, changing the water by 30% every day for 20 days. 28 days after the fish opened their mouths, they began to feed disinfected Daphnia gracilis until the 40th day after the fish opened their mouths, changing the water by 100% every day. Move the seedlings into the standard seedling pond, start feeding disinfected Daphnia after 4-6 hours, and start changing the water after 24 hours, with a daily water change of 200%; S3. Preparation and transportation of juvenile fish from high latitudes to low latitudes: When the fry reach 8cm in length, they are transported to low-latitude areas in subtropical or tropical waters for breeding. When preparing to transport them back, they need to be prepared at least 10 days in advance, and the fry are fed functional feed every day until they are full. Feeding is stopped the day before transportation. During transportation, the water temperature of the fry must be ensured to be 24-26℃, the dissolved oxygen is not less than 6mg / L, 0.1 ppm eugenol, 0.2 ppm available iodine, and 0.5 ppm vitamin C are added to the water, and the biological density per cubic meter of water is not more than 10 kg / m 3 ; S4. Adaptive breeding of young fish after transporting them back to low-latitude areas: Prepare ponds in the breeding areas of low latitudes. Do not feed the fry on the first day of the pond. Feed them according to the feeding conditions of the fry on the second day. The specific feeding method is as follows: In the first stage, the adaptation stage, feed them according to the feeding conditions of the fry. Feed them with functional disease-resistant feed once a day for 6-8 days. The configuration method of functional disease-resistant feed is to add 5g of doxycycline for aquaculture and 1×10 8 cfu lactic acid bacteria, 20 mL bile acid, 10 g astragalus polysaccharide, 5 g wolfberry powder, 2 g Polygonum multiflorum powder, 1 g Salvia miltiorrhiza powder. At the same time, 5 kg glucose, 2 kg sodium humate, 1 kg polybasic organic acid, and 0.5 kg lauric acid were added to each acre of pond every day, and the daily water change volume was 20%; The second stage is the strengthening stage. Feed slowly until the stomach is full. Feed nutritionally fortified feed once a day for 12-20 days. The preparation method of nutritionally fortified feed is to add 5g of Schizochytrium algae and 1×10 8 cfu lactic acid bacteria, 20 mL bile acid, 5 g astaxanthin, 1 g taurine, 1 g vitamin C, 0.5 g vitamin E. At the same time, 2 kg of polybasic organic acids and 1 kg of lauric acid were added to each acre of pond every day, and the daily water change rate was 20%. After the second stage, breeding was carried out according to conventional breeding methods in low-latitude areas.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the size of the nursery pond is 20-40m 3 The pool is filled with clean seawater at 28-30℃. One day before spawning, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 Bacillus, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 1×10 7 cfu / m 3 nitrifying bacteria, 5 ppm lauric acid, and continuous aeration; on the day of egg laying, add 1 ppm vitamin C, 1 ppm astragalus polysaccharide, 1 ppm disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.1 ppm taurine, 2 ppm glucose, and 10 ppm concentrated chlorella to the nursery pond.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, before the fertilized eggs are placed in the nursery pond, the following treatment is required: 28-30℃ clean seawater is placed in the hatching bucket in advance at the hatchery. After the fertilized eggs are transported to the hatchery, the packaged bag containing the fertilized eggs is placed in the clean seawater prepared in advance, and 5 ppm effective iodine, 5 ppm doxycycline for aquaculture, and 1 ppm vitamin C are added to the hatching bucket. After acclimation for 10 minutes, the fertilized eggs in the packaged bag are slowly poured into the hatching bucket and placed again for 20 minutes. Aeration is stopped to calm the water body. A scoop net is used to scoop out high-quality eggs on the upper layer and placed in the nursery pond.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the standard seedling pond is filled with clean seawater at 28-30°C, and 5 ppm doxycycline for aquaculture, 1 ppm astragalus polysaccharide, and 1 ppm electrolytic multivitamin are added to the standard seedling pond on the day of moving the seedlings. The water flow rate of the seedling nursery pond meets the maximum daily water exchange rate of 600%; 1 ppm sodium humate, 1 ppm vitamin C, and 10 ppm glucose are injected into the seedling nursery pond 1 hour before moving the seedlings into the standard seedling pond.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, the pond water depth is 1.5 m, and the number of added per mu of pond is not less than 1×10 10 CFU of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, not less than 1×10 10 CFU of Bacillus, not less than 1×10 10 CFU nitrifying bacteria, not less than 1×10 10 cfu lactic acid bacteria, not less than 8×10 9 chlorella, 20 kg glucose, 1.2 kg urea, 300 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, use 2 wheeled water trucks to keep the water flowing, maintain it for 4 days to establish an ecological environment.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S3, the composition of the functional anti-stress feed is as follows: 2g of Schizochytrium, 2g of astaxanthin, 1g of taurine, 1g of Ziziphus jujuba seed powder, 1g of lily powder, 1g of vitamin C, and 0.5g of vitamin E are added to every 10kg of feed.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, in order to prevent the fry from biting each other, the environment is kept dark at ordinary times, and the light is turned on only when feeding. The light intensity on the water surface is 1000-3000 lux. The fish are screened every 3 days to separate fish of different sizes. Three days after moving the pond, artificial feed is started to be domesticated, and biological bait is gradually switched to artificial feed until the fry grow to 8 cm.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the specific steps of the packaging process are as follows: use a double-layer packaging bag to hold the prepared packaging water, place the upper layer of high-quality eggs fished out in it, and the fertilized eggs in each liter of water do not exceed 10g; the composition of the packaging water includes: salt water with a salinity of 28%, 1 ppm vitamin C, 0.2 ppm zinc chloride and 0.5 ppm disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the temperature of the incubation process is 28-32°C and the salinity of the seawater is 25-35%.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the transportation time does not exceed 30 hours, and the temperature of the water during transportation is 24-26°C.

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