Loss-controlled pesticide and preparation method of straw biochar-based application-reducing synergistic loss-controlled pesticide

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a straw biochar-based application-reducing synergistic loss-controlling pesticide, which comprises the following steps: irradiating attapulgite at room temperature by using high-energy gamma rays to obtain gamma ray modified attapulgite; the gamma ray modified attapulgite, chitosan, N-acetyl-L-methionine and polyglutamic acid are mixed to be uniform, stirring is conducted for 10 min to 20 min, and a loss control agent is obtained; and uniformly mixing the corn straw biochar, the pesticide, 1.5-3g of the loss control agent and gelatin, and extruding and granulating at 80-150 DEG C to obtain the loss control pesticide. The invention also provides a loss control pesticide. Aiming at the problems of large loss amount, high cost and the like of the existing pesticide, the invention develops a low-price application-reducing synergistic pesticide, can achieve the effect of controlling loss, and can continuously provide nutrients in the growth cycle of crops while greatly reducing the amount of the pesticide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of green agricultural technology, and specifically relates to a method for preparing a straw biochar-based pesticide with reduced application, increased efficiency and controlled loss. Background Art

[0002] Pesticides can effectively control and eliminate various agricultural pests, weeds and diseases, and play a vital role in modern agriculture as the global population continues to grow and agricultural production develops rapidly.

[0003] Existing pesticides have large losses and high costs. Therefore, how to design a low-cost pesticide reduction and synergist that can achieve the effect of controlling losses, so as to achieve a significant reduction in pesticide use while continuously providing nutrients during the crop growth cycle, is the main technical problem that needs to be solved at present. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method for preparing a straw biochar-based pesticide with reduced application, increased efficiency and controlled loss.

[0005] According to the above purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a straw biochar-based pesticide with reduced application, increased efficiency and controlled loss, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1): irradiating attapulgite with gamma rays at room temperature to obtain gamma ray modified attapulgite; Step 2): The gamma ray modified attapulgite, chitosan, N-acetyl-L-methionine and polyglutamic acid are uniformly mixed and stirred for 10-20 minutes to obtain a loss control agent; Step 3): The corn straw biochar, pesticide, 1.5-3 g of loss control agent and gelatin are uniformly mixed, and extruded and granulated at 80-150°C to obtain the loss control pesticide.

[0006] Preferably, the irradiation dose is 12-36 kGy, the time is 10-30 minutes, the weight of the attapulgite is 50-90 g, and the obtained gamma-ray modified attapulgite is 50-90 g.

[0007] Preferably, the chitosan is 1-3 g.

[0008] Preferably, the N-acetyl-L-methionine is 5-6 g.

[0009] Preferably, the polyglutamic acid is 6-9 g.

[0010] Preferably, the corn straw biochar has a length of 0.1-0.5 cm and a weight of 25-35 g.

[0011] Preferably, the pesticide is 18-21 g, and illustratively, the pesticide can be chlorpyrifos.

[0012] Preferably, the gelatin is 2-4 g.

[0013] Among them, the loss control agent is a material used to control the loss of nutrients in fertilizers, which is mainly made by physically and chemically modifying natural nanomaterials. It interacts with fertilizer molecules to form an interpenetrating network at the micro-nano scale, thereby fixing nutrients, reducing loss, and improving fertilizer utilization. The main components of the loss control agent include nanomaterials such as convexo-rod crystals that have been physically and chemically modified. These materials have a huge specific surface area and excellent adsorption properties, and can interact with fertilizer molecules through hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and viscosity.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention provides a loss control pesticide, which is formed by uniformly mixing corn straw biochar, pesticide, 1.5-3 g of a loss control agent and gelatin, wherein the loss control agent is formed by mixing modified attapulgite obtained by gamma ray irradiation, chitosan, N-acetyl-L-methionine and polyglutamic acid.

[0015] It should be noted that the content of the substance components of the pesticide loss control and the preparation process in this application are consistent with those described in the first aspect of the method, and will not be repeated here. The control loss pesticide obtained by the preparation method of a straw biochar-based reduced-application and increased-efficiency control loss pesticide disclosed in the present application is an environmentally friendly pesticide that can continuously supply nutrients to crops, reduce nutrient losses, effectively improve the utilization rate of pesticides, and alleviate agricultural non-point source pollution caused by pesticides. The present invention proposes a preparation method for reduced-application and increased-efficiency control loss pesticides, the principle of which is: compounding attapulgite, pesticides, chitosan, and N-acetyl-L-methionine to obtain a control loss material, wherein the modified attapulgite is a rod-shaped structure, and the pesticide molecules can be combined with it through hydrogen bonding, thereby preparing a composite material for efficiently loading pesticides. Chitosan is easy to obtain a branched or mesh structure through grafting or cross-linking, which enhances the control loss effect of attapulgite. In the soil, the pesticide can be slowly released from the composite material to continuously provide nutrition during the crop growth cycle. This method can not only reduce the application amount of pesticides, but also promote crop growth, achieving the effect of reduced application and increased efficiency. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] Step 1): irradiating attapulgite with gamma rays at a dose of 12 kGy at room temperature to obtain gamma-ray modified attapulgite; Step 2): 50 g of gamma ray modified attapulgite, 1 g of chitosan, 5 g of N-acetyl-L-methionine, and 6 g of polyglutamic acid were mixed evenly and stirred for 10 min to obtain a loss control agent; Step 4): 25 g corn straw biochar (0.1 cm long), 18 g pesticide, 1.5 g loss control agent and 2 g gelatin were uniformly mixed and extruded into granules at 80 °C to obtain a loss control pesticide composite material.

[0020] The loss-control pesticide obtained in Example 1 was applied at a dosage of 1 kg / mu, which increased the pesticide control effect of vegetables by 12% compared with the same amount of pesticide. Example 2

[0021] Step 1): irradiating attapulgite with gamma rays at a dose of 24 kGy at room temperature to obtain gamma-ray modified attapulgite; Step 2): 70 g of gamma ray modified attapulgite, 2 g of chitosan, 5.5 g of N-acetyl-L-methionine, and 8 g of polyglutamic acid were mixed evenly and stirred for 15 min to obtain a loss control agent; Step 3): 30 g corn straw biochar (0.3 cm long), 20 g pesticide, 2 g loss control agent and 3 g gelatin were uniformly mixed and extruded into granules at 120 °C to obtain a loss control pesticide composite material.

[0022] The loss-control pesticide obtained in Example 2 was applied at a dosage of 1.5 kg / mu, which increased the vegetable pesticide control effect by 18% compared with the same amount of pesticide. Example 3

[0023] Step 1): irradiating attapulgite with gamma rays at a dose of 36 kGy at room temperature to obtain gamma ray modified attapulgite; Step 2): 90 g of gamma ray modified attapulgite, 3 g of chitosan, 6 g of N-acetyl-L-methionine, and 9 g of polyglutamic acid were mixed evenly and stirred for 20 min to obtain a loss control agent; Step 4): 35 g corn straw biochar (0.5 cm long), 21 g pesticide, 3 g loss control agent and 4 g gelatin were uniformly mixed and extruded into granules at 150 °C to obtain a loss control pesticide composite material.

[0024] The loss-control pesticide obtained in Example 3 was applied at a dosage of 2 kg / mu, which increased the pesticide control effect of vegetables by 21% compared with the same amount of pesticide. Example 4

[0025] Step 1): irradiating attapulgite with gamma rays at a dose of 24 kGy at room temperature to obtain gamma-ray modified attapulgite; Step 2): 70 g of gamma ray modified attapulgite, 2 g of chitosan, 5 g of N-acetyl-L-methionine, and 7 g of polyglutamic acid were mixed evenly and stirred for 13 min to obtain a loss control agent; Step 3): 26 g corn straw biochar (0.3 cm long), 18 g pesticide, 2 g loss control agent and 2.5 g gelatin were uniformly mixed and extruded into granules at 110 °C to obtain a loss control pesticide composite material.

[0026] The loss-control pesticide obtained in Example 4 was applied at a dosage of 1.5 kg / mu, which increased the pesticide control effect of vegetables by about 14% compared with the same amount of pesticide. Example 5

[0027] Step 1): irradiating attapulgite with gamma rays at a dose of 30 kGy at room temperature to obtain gamma-ray modified attapulgite; Step 2): 80 g of gamma ray modified attapulgite, 2.5 g of chitosan, 5.8 g of N-acetyl-L-methionine, and 8 g of polyglutamic acid were mixed evenly and stirred for 18 min to obtain a loss control agent; Step 4): 32 g corn straw biochar (0.4 cm long), 20 g pesticide, 2.6 g loss control agent and 3.5 g gelatin were uniformly mixed and extruded into granules at 135 °C to obtain a loss control pesticide composite material.

[0028] The loss-control pesticide obtained in Example 5 was applied at a dosage of 1.8 kg / mu, which increased the vegetable pesticide control effect by about 19% compared with the same amount of pesticide.

[0029] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the pesticide reduction synergist prepared by the method of the present application has simple raw materials, low cost, and can achieve the effect of controlled loss, thereby achieving a significant reduction in pesticide use while continuously providing nutrients during the crop growth cycle.

[0030] The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0031] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a straw biochar-based pesticide with reduced application, increased efficiency and controlled loss, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1): irradiating attapulgite with gamma rays at room temperature to obtain gamma ray modified attapulgite; Step 2): The gamma ray modified attapulgite, chitosan, N-acetyl-L-methionine and polyglutamic acid are uniformly mixed and stirred for 10-20 minutes to obtain a loss control agent; Step 3): The corn straw biochar, pesticide, 1.5-3 g of loss control agent and gelatin are uniformly mixed, and extruded and granulated at 80-150°C to obtain the loss control pesticide.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the irradiation dose is 12-36 kGy and the irradiation time is 10-30 min.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step 1), the gamma ray modified attapulgite obtained is 50-90 g.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The weight of the chitosan is 1-3 g, the weight of the N-acetyl-L-methionine is 5-6 g, and the weight of the polyglutamic acid is 6-9 g.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The weight of the chitosan is 2 g, the weight of the N-acetyl-L-methionine is 5.5 g, and the weight of the polyglutamic acid is 7.5 g.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selected corn straw biochar has a length of 0.1-0.5 cm and a weight of 25-35 g; the selected pesticide has a weight of 18-21 g; and the selected gelatin has a weight of 2-4 g.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The selected corn straw biochar has a length of 0.3 cm and a weight of 30 g; the selected pesticide has a weight of 19-20 g; and the selected gelatin has a weight of 3 g.

8. A controlled loss pesticide, characterized in that: The loss control pesticide is prepared by uniformly mixing corn straw biochar, pesticide, 1.5-3 g of a loss control agent and gelatin, wherein the loss control agent is prepared by mixing modified attapulgite obtained by gamma ray irradiation, chitosan, N-acetyl-L-methionine and polyglutamic acid.