A thin-wall multi-fin component integrated forming device and process

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated forming device and process for thin-walled multi-fin parts, the integrated forming device for thin-walled multi-fin parts comprises a die base, a lower die is arranged on the top of the die base, a shape-controlling die is embedded in the top of the lower die, and an upper die is arranged on the top of the lower die and the shape-controlling die; the power output end of the upper pressing mechanism is fixedly connected with a filling die movably plugged into the lower die, and the power output end of the secondary upper pressing mechanism is fixedly connected with a push rod movably plugged into the filling die; the power output end of the lower pressing mechanism is fixedly connected with a punch movably plugged into the upper die, and the power output end of the secondary lower pressing mechanism is fixedly connected with a hole-forming rod movably plugged into the punch. The present invention can realize the integrated forming process of the entire forming process of local heating, upsetting, necking, back-upsetting of the blank and the integral forming, hole-forming, cooling and demoulding of the formed part, maintain the complete metal streamline of the thin-walled multi-fin parts, and realize the local strengthening of the fin area and efficient near-net forming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of metal extrusion forming, in particular to a thin-wall multi-fin component integrated forming device and process. Background Art

[0002] Thin-walled multi-fin parts are metal components with a certain number of thin-walled fins and a hollow main shaft. They have the dual functions of loading and guiding, and are important components of aircraft. Particle-reinforced composite materials have excellent properties of light weight and high strength, making them ideal materials for manufacturing thin-walled multi-fin parts.

[0003] Currently, thin-walled multi-fin parts of composite materials are mainly formed by casting, profile turning and conventional extrusion. Among them, thin-walled multi-fin parts prepared by casting process often have defects such as shrinkage holes, sand holes, cracks and fin deformation, and cast composite materials are prone to reinforced particle agglomeration and harmful interface reactions. Profile turning has the disadvantages of wasting materials and being time-consuming and labor-intensive, and turning will destroy the metal streamline of the profile, thereby reducing the service performance of thin-walled multi-fin parts. Conventional extrusion is often accompanied by disadvantages such as large forming loads, incomplete filling, and complex forming processes due to the structural characteristics of thin-walled multi-fin parts.

[0004] As the demand for high-performance aircraft grows, the preparation technology of thin-walled multi-wing parts has become a major obstacle to the low-cost, high-performance, and mass-produced production of thin-walled multi-wing parts. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an efficient manufacturing method and device for high-performance composite thin-walled multi-wing parts. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention proposes an integrated forming device and process for thin-walled multi-fin parts, which realizes the integrated forming process of local heating, upsetting, necking, and back-up of the blank and overall forming, hole forming, cooling and demolding of the formed part, maintains the complete metal streamline of the thin-walled multi-fin parts, realizes local strengthening of the fin area and efficient near-net forming, can significantly improve material properties, shorten the production process, and reduce equipment and mold costs.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A thin-wall multi-winged component integrated forming device comprises a machine body consisting of a workbench, columns fixedly arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the workbench, and a top beam fixedly arranged on the top of the columns, an upper pressing mechanism is arranged in the workbench, a lower pressing mechanism is arranged in the top beam, a die base is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the workbench, a lower die is fixedly arranged on the top of the die base, a shape-controlling die is embedded in the top of the lower die, and an upper die is fixedly arranged on the top of the lower die and the shape-controlling die;

[0008] The power output end of the upper pressure mechanism is respectively fixedly connected with the filling mold and the secondary upper pressure mechanism, the top end of the filling mold is movably inserted in the lower mold and movably matches with the internal cavity of the shape-controlling mold, and the power output end of the secondary upper pressure mechanism is fixedly connected with a push rod movably inserted in the filling mold;

[0009] The power output end of the pressing mechanism is respectively fixedly connected with a punch and a secondary pressing mechanism, the bottom end of the punch is movably inserted in the upper die, and the power output end of the secondary pressing mechanism is fixedly connected with a hole-forming rod movably inserted in the punch;

[0010] The outer sides of the lower mold and the upper mold are fixedly provided with heating devices, the top of the lower mold is internally provided with a cooling channel, and the inlet and outlet ports of the cooling channel are respectively connected with the cooling devices.

[0011] Furthermore, the control mold and the lower mold are assembled to have an internal cavity matching the top horizontal cross-sectional profile of the thin-walled multi-fin component, and the top section of the filling mold is a mold rod structure matching the fin forming cavity area of ​​the internal cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer wall of the filling mold is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the lower mold, the outer wall of the punch is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the upper mold, and the outer diameter of the punch and the outer diameter of the filling mold are the same as the outer contour diameter of the internal cavity of the controlling mold, the outer diameter of the push rod is the same as the inner contour diameter of the internal cavity of the controlling mold, and the diameter of the hole forming rod is smaller than the diameter of the push rod.

[0013] Furthermore, when the filling mold moves upward to the highest position, its top surface is flush with the top surface of the shape-controlling mold, and when the punch moves downward to the lowest position, its bottom surface is in contact with the top surface of the shape-controlling mold.

[0014] Furthermore, a first vertically arranged guide groove is opened inside the filling mold, a first push-pull rod is movably arranged in the first guide groove, two ends of the first push-pull rod are respectively fixedly connected to the power output ends of the secondary pressure mechanism, and the middle part of the first push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the push rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer wall of the ejector pin is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the filling mold, and when the first push-pull rod moves upward to the highest position in the first guide groove, the top surface of the ejector pin is located below the top surface of the filling mold.

[0016] Furthermore, a second vertically arranged guide groove is opened inside the punch, and a second push-pull rod is movably arranged in the second guide groove. Both ends of the second push-pull rod are respectively fixedly connected to the power output ends of the secondary pressing mechanism, and the middle part of the second push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the hole-forming rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer wall of the hole-forming rod is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the punch, and when the second push-pull rod ascends to the highest position in the second guide groove, the bottom surface of the hole-forming rod and the bottom surface of the punch are located in the same horizontal plane, and when the second push-pull rod descends to the lowest position in the second guide groove, the bottom surface of the hole-forming rod is located below the bottom surface of the punch.

[0018] Furthermore, a heat insulating layer is provided on the outer side of the heating device, and a cover plate is detachably fastened on the top of the heating device.

[0019] A thin-wall multi-fin component integrated forming process is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1, placing the bottom end of the prefabricated rod-shaped blank into the top cavity of the filling mold, and the heating device heats the top part of the blank to a preset forming temperature;

[0021] S2, the pressing mechanism drives the punch and the hole-forming rod to move downward synchronously, so that the top part of the blank is upset and fills the bottom of the cavity of the upper die;

[0022] S3, the secondary upper pressing mechanism drives the ejector rod downward to the lowest position in the filling die, and the lower pressing mechanism continues to drive the punch and the hole forming rod downward synchronously to press the upset blank into the top cavity of the filling die;

[0023] S4, the down-pressing mechanism drives the punch and the hole-forming rod to move upward synchronously, and the secondary up-pressing mechanism drives the ejector rod to move upward, and the top part of the necked blank is reversely pressed into the bottom cavity of the upper die, so that the blank is upset again;

[0024] S5, repeating step S3 and step S4 cyclically to a preset number of times;

[0025] S6, the upper pressing mechanism drives the filling die and the ejector rod to move downward synchronously, and the lower pressing mechanism drives the punch and the hole forming rod to move downward synchronously, so that the top part of the blank after the backsetting is pressed into the top of the cavity of the lower die through the internal cavity of the shape control die, thereby forming the top fin area of ​​the thin-walled multi-fin part;

[0026] S7, the secondary pressing mechanism drives the hole forming rod downward, the secondary pressing mechanism drives the ejector rod downward, the bottom end of the hole forming rod is inserted into the cavity of the lower die, and a loading hole is formed in the top surface of the blank;

[0027] S8, the heating device stops working, the cooling device starts working, and the cooling medium is injected into the cooling channel to force cooling of the fin area;

[0028] S9, the upper pressure mechanism drives the filling mold and the ejector rod to move upward synchronously, and the lower pressure mechanism drives the punch and the hole-forming rod to move upward synchronously, so that the fin area is separated from the lower mold and the shape-controlling mold, and the formed part is ejected. The secondary lower pressure mechanism drives the hole-forming rod upward, and the hole-forming rod is separated from the loading hole.

[0029] Furthermore, when the filling die presses the blank to complete the back-up, the pressing mechanism drives the punch and the hole-forming rod to move upward synchronously, providing back pressure on the top of the blank.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] The present invention adopts a two-stage power device to realize the synchronous lifting and relative movement of the filling die and the ejector rod below, and adopts a two-stage power device to realize the synchronous lifting and relative movement of the punch die and the hole forming rod above, and realizes the integrated forming process of the whole forming process of the local heating, upsetting, necking, back-up of the blank and the overall forming, hole forming, cooling and demoulding of the formed part through the movement coordination between the upper and lower groups of dies, maintains the complete metal streamline of the thin-walled multi-fin part, realizes the local strengthening of the fin area and the efficient near-net forming, and improves the processing production efficiency and the utilization rate of the material;

[0032] The present invention performs multiple strong extrusion deformations of necking and upsetting on the top portion of the blank in a heated environment, thereby improving the metal flowability, reducing the forming load, and achieving crushing, refinement and uniform dispersion of the reinforced particles, thereby effectively improving the density of the material and enhancing the mechanical properties of the material. At the same time, only the portion of the blank corresponding to the fin area is locally heated, which does not cause grain growth in the non-fin area, thereby ensuring the overall performance of the material.

[0033] The molding mold of the present invention has a simple structural design and is easy to assemble. The mold manufacturing process is relatively simple and the processing cost is low. By replacing the number of fin forming cavities in the control mold, the forming needs of different numbers of fins can be met. By adjusting the diameter of the internal cavity of the filling mold, the forming radius of the bottom rod body can be adjusted accordingly. By adjusting the stroke range of the top rod in the filling mold, the forming length of the bottom rod body can be adjusted accordingly. The integrated forming needs of thin-walled multi-fin parts of different sizes can be met and the versatility is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a formed part obtained by the thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device and process of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shape-controlling mold;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the filling mold;

[0039] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower mold;

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the assembly state of the filling mold and the shape-control mold in the lower mold;

[0041] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly state of the ejector pin in the filling mold;

[0042] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly state of the hole-forming rod in the punch.

[0043] In the figure: 1. machine body; 2. upper pressure mechanism; 3. lower pressure mechanism; 4. mold base; 5. lower mold; 6. upper mold; 7. shape control mold; 8. filling mold; 801. first guide groove; 9. secondary upper pressure mechanism; 10. ejector rod; 11. punch; 111. second guide groove; 12. secondary lower pressure mechanism; 13. hole forming rod; 14. heating device; 15. first push-pull rod; 16. second push-pull rod; 17. thermal insulation layer; 18. cover plate; 19. first mounting plate; 20. second mounting plate; 21. water inlet pipe; 22. water outlet pipe; 100. rod body; 200. fin; 300. wing plate; 400. loading hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "mounted on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a central component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "fixed to" another component, it may be directly fixed on the other component or there may be a central component at the same time.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "or / and" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0047] See also Figures 2 to 9, a thin-walled multi-winged integrated forming device, including a body 1 composed of a workbench, columns fixedly arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the workbench, and a top beam fixedly arranged on the top of the columns. An upper pressing mechanism 2 is arranged in the workbench, which is used to provide an upward extrusion force in the process of returning the blank to the front, and to provide a back pressure for the extrusion forming of the blank. A lower pressing mechanism 3 is arranged in the top beam, which cooperates with the upper pressing mechanism 2 to provide a downward extrusion force for the extrusion forming of the blank. In this embodiment, the body 1, the upper pressing mechanism 2 and the lower pressing mechanism 3 all adopt the existing hydraulic press structure, which is the prior art and will not be described here. The specific structure and working principle of the innovative part of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0048] A die base 4 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the workbench, a lower die 5 is fixedly arranged on the top of the die base 4, a shape control die 7 is embedded in the top of the lower die 5, and an upper die 6 is fixedly arranged on the top of the lower die 5 and the shape control die 7. Specifically, the die base 4 serves as the installation base of the forming die, and its bottom is fixed to the top surface of the workbench by screws around the four sides, and its interior is a hollow structure that runs through from top to bottom, which is used to accommodate the filling die 8, the secondary upper pressure mechanism 9 and other mechanisms, and the lifting channel as the power output end of the upper pressure mechanism 2. A connecting flange is integrally arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the lower die 5, and is fixed to the top surface of the die base 4 by screws. An embedding groove is provided on the top surface of the lower die 5, and the shape control die 7 is matched and embedded in the embedding groove, and its top surface is located in the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the lower die 5, so that the top surface of the shape control die 7 is pressed by the bottom surface of the upper die 6 without axial movement. Preferably, the outer wall of the shape-controlling die 7 and the inner wall of the embedding groove are respectively provided with matching and vertically arranged positioning protrusions and positioning grooves, or the top surface of the shape-controlling die 7 and the top surface of the upper die 6 are respectively provided with matching and vertically arranged positioning protrusions and positioning grooves. Through the cooperation between the positioning protrusions and the positioning grooves, the shape-controlling die 7 can be quickly and accurately positioned in the embedding groove, and the horizontal rotation freedom of the shape-controlling die 7 is limited by this cooperation, thereby avoiding the problem of fin twisting or breaking due to horizontal rotation during the forming process of thin-walled multi-fin parts.

[0049] The control die 7 and the lower die 5 are combined to form an internal cavity that matches the top horizontal cross-sectional profile of the thin-walled multi-fin component and is vertically connected. The internal cavity consists of a cylindrical cavity (for forming the rod body 100) at the center and a T-shaped cross-sectional cavity (for forming the fins 200 and the wing plate 300) evenly distributed outside the cylindrical cavity, which is used for the blank necking and the blank accommodation during the fin area forming process. After the blank enters the lower die 5 through the control die 7, the upper end of the material is formed into the top fin 200 and the wing plate 300 of the thin-walled multi-fin component in the T-shaped cross-sectional cavity of the control die 7, realizing the overall shaping of the external shape of the thin-walled multi-fin component.

[0050] The filling mold 8 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and its outer wall is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the lower mold 5. The top section of the filling mold 8 is a mold rod structure that matches the fin forming cavity area of ​​the internal cavity. The cross-sectional profile of the mold rod structure is the same as the cross-sectional profile of the fin 200 and the wing plate 300 of the thin-walled fin. In this way, the top of the filling mold 8 can be slidably inserted into the lower mold 5 from the bottom end of the lower mold 5. After moving vertically upward, its top can fill the fin forming cavity of the internal cavity of the control mold 7, and when it is at the highest position, its top surface is flush with the top surface of the control mold 7, so that the internal cavity of the control mold 7 and the filling mold 8 is only a cylindrical cavity. The ejector 10 is a cylindrical rod, and its outer wall is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the filling mold 8, and its diameter is the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the control mold 7. When the filling mold 8 is at the highest position and the ejector pin 10 is at the highest position in the filling mold 8, the top surface of the ejector pin 10 is below the top surface of the filling mold 8. At this time, a certain distance is left at the top of the cavity of the filling mold 8, and the bottom end of the rod-shaped blank to be formed can be inserted into the top of the cavity of the filling mold 8. Preferably, the diameter of the rod-shaped blank is the same as the cavity diameter of the filling mold 8, that is, the same as the diameter of the ejector pin 10.

[0051] When the upper pressure mechanism 2 drives the filling mold 8 and the push rod 10 to move downward synchronously, the inner wall cavity of the lower mold 5 above the top surface of the filling mold 8 and the internal cavity of the control mold 7 constitute the main forming cavity of each fin 200, wing plate 300 and the cylindrical connecting part between them in the upper half of the thin-walled multi-wing body; when the secondary upper pressure mechanism 12 drives the push rod 10 to continue to move downward, the top surface of the push rod 10 is located below the top surface of the filling mold 8, and the internal cavity of the filling mold 8 above the top surface of the push rod 10 constitutes the rod body forming cavity of the rod body 100 in the lower half of the thin-walled multi-wing body, and is also the necking cavity in the necking stage of the blank. Preferably, in order to facilitate the precise forming of the fin part and demolding after forming, the control mold 7 is made of high-strength alloy material, and the axial thickness is reduced as much as possible.

[0052] The bottom of the upper die 6 is fixed to the top surface of the lower die 5 by screws. An upsetting cavity is provided inside the upper die 6, which is through from top to bottom and coaxially arranged with the necking cavity. As the upsetting area before the blank is formed, its diameter is larger than the diameter of the necking cavity and is the same as the internal cavity diameter of the lower die 5 (the outer diameter of the filling die 8). Therefore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the top part of the blank decreases and the length increases during the process of entering the necking cavity from the upsetting cavity, completing the necking process; the cross-sectional area of ​​the blank increases and the length decreases during the process of entering the upsetting cavity from the necking cavity, completing the back-up process. A heating device 14 is fixedly provided on the outside of the connection position of the lower die 5 and the upper die 6, which is used to heat the top part of the blank located in the forming area, so as to improve the metal flowability, reduce the forming load, and enhance the forming and filling effect of the thin-walled fin area (the fin 200 and the wing plate 300 part), without causing the grain growth of the non-fin area (the rod body 100 part). In this embodiment, the heating device 14 adopts an electric heating device with a temperature control function, which is a prior art. The outer side of the heating device 14 is provided with a heat insulation layer 17 to reduce heat loss, save energy, and ensure the stability of the ambient temperature of the blank during the forming process. The top of the heating device 14 is detachably (such as by screw connection) covered with a cover plate 18 for fixing and protecting the heat insulation layer located on the top of the heating device 14.

[0053] A cooling channel is provided inside the top of the lower mold 5, and the inlet and outlet ports of the cooling channel are respectively connected to the cooling device. Specifically, the cooling channel includes through holes located outside the embedded groove and crisscrossed and penetrated, and the horizontal ports of the through holes are blocked by sealing plugs. The intersection of one side of each through hole is connected through a vertically arranged water inlet through hole, and the top of the water inlet through hole is connected with a water inlet pipe 21, and the water inlet end of the water inlet pipe 21 is connected to the cooling medium output end of the cooling device, and the intersection of the other side of each through hole is connected through a vertically arranged water outlet through hole, and the bottom of the water outlet through hole is connected with a water outlet pipe 22, and the water inlet end of the water inlet pipe 21 is connected to the cooling medium recovery end of the cooling device. In this embodiment, the cooling device currently adopts a circulating pump water system, and the cooling medium adopts pure water. The necks of the water inlet pipe 22 and the water outlet pipe 22 are respectively fixed in the cover plate 18 by clamps to prevent the two water pipes from changing their positions and affecting the normal input and output of the cooling medium.

[0054] The power output end of the upper pressing mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the filling mold 8 and the secondary upper pressing mechanism 9 respectively. The top of the filling mold 8 is movably inserted in the lower mold 5 and movably matches with the internal cavity of the control mold 7. The power output end of the secondary upper pressing mechanism 9 is fixedly connected to the ejector rod 10 movably inserted in the filling mold 8. Specifically, the outer diameter of the filling mold 8 is the same as the outer diameter of the punch 11 and the outer contour diameter of the internal cavity of the control mold 7. The power output end of the upper pressing mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 19. The outer side of the bottom end of the filling mold 18 is fixed to the middle of the top surface of the first mounting plate 19 by screws, so that the filling mold 18 can be driven by the upper pressing mechanism 2 to move vertically up and down in the necking cavity of the lower mold 5. In the re-upsetting stage, the secondary upper pressing mechanism 9 drives the ejector rod 10 upward, and the blank in the necking cavity can be pressed into the upsetting cavity of the upper mold 6 through the internal cavity of the control mold 7.

[0055] A vertically arranged first guide groove 801 is provided inside the filling mold 8, and a first push-pull rod 15 is movably arranged inside the first guide groove 801. The two ends of the first push-pull rod 15 are respectively fixedly connected to the power output ends of the secondary pressing mechanism 9, and the middle part of the first push-pull rod 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the ejector rod 10. In this embodiment, the secondary pressing mechanism 9 adopts a small hydraulic cylinder, the number of which is 2, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the first mounting plate 19 and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the filling mold 8. The first push-pull rod 15 is driven to rise and fall vertically by two secondary pressing mechanisms 9 at the same time, so that the first push-pull rod 15 drives the ejector rod 10 to rise and fall synchronously. When the first push-pull rod 15 goes up to the highest position in the first guide groove 801, the top surface of the ejector rod 10 is located below the top surface of the filling mold 8. When the first push-pull rod 15 goes down to the lowest position in the first guide groove 801, the top surface of the ejector rod 10 is located in the middle of the internal cavity of the filling mold 8. In this way, when the ejector pin 10 is at the highest position in the filling mold 8, the lower half of the blank is located at the top of the inner cavity of the filling mold 8, is not heated by the heating device 14, and does not participate in the necking and resetting process. After the resetting process is completed, the top surface of the filling mold 8 fits the bottom surface of the control mold 7, and the ejector pin 10 is located at the highest position in the filling mold 8. At this time, the top of the internal cavity of the filling mold 8 is connected to the internal cavity of the control mold 7, forming an extrusion forming cavity of the overall shape of the thin-walled multi-winged part. After the extrusion forming is complete, the secondary pressing mechanism 9 drives the ejector pin 10 to rise, and the ejector pin 10 can push the bottom rod body 100 of the formed thin-walled multi-winged part upward to complete the final demolding process.

[0056] The power output end of the pressing mechanism 3 is respectively fixedly connected with the punch 11 and the secondary pressing mechanism 12, the bottom end of the punch 11 is movably inserted in the upper die 6, and the power output end of the secondary pressing mechanism 12 is fixedly connected with the hole-forming rod 13 movably inserted in the punch 11. Specifically, the punch 11 is a hollow cylindrical structure, the outer wall of which is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the upper die 6, and the diameter of the punch 11 is the same as the outer contour diameter of the internal cavity of the shape-control die 7. The power output end of the pressing mechanism 3 is fixedly connected with the second mounting plate 20, and the outer side of the top end of the punch 11 is fixed to the middle of the bottom surface of the second mounting plate 20 by screws, so that the punch 11 can be driven by the pressing mechanism 3 to move vertically up and down in the upsetting cavity of the upper die 6. In the necking stage, the pressing mechanism 3 drives the punch 11 and the hole forming rod 13 to move downward synchronously, and the blank in the upsetting cavity can be pressed downward to enter the necking cavity of the lower die 5 through the internal cavity of the shape-controlling die 7. When the punch 11 moves downward to the lowest position, its bottom surface fits the top surface of the shape-controlling die 7, so that the blank in the necking cavity (the upper half of the blank) moves downward to complete the necking process. In this process, the secondary pressing mechanism 9 drives the ejector rod 10 to move downward, so that the necking area is reserved at the top of the inner cavity of the filling die 8. The ejector rod 10 can also provide back pressure to the bottom of the blank.

[0057] The hole-forming rod 13 is a cylindrical rod, and its outer wall is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the punch 11, and the diameter of the hole-forming rod 13 is smaller than the diameter of the push rod 10. A second vertically arranged guide groove 111 is provided inside the punch 11, and a second push-pull rod 16 is movably arranged in the second guide groove 111. The two ends of the second push-pull rod 16 are respectively fixedly connected to the power output end of the secondary pressing mechanism 12, and the middle part of the second push-pull rod 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the hole-forming rod 13. In this embodiment, the secondary pressing mechanism 9 also adopts a small hydraulic cylinder, the number of which is 2, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the second mounting plate 20 and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the punch 11. The second push-pull rod 16 is driven to rise and fall vertically at the same time by the two secondary pressing mechanisms 12, so that the second push-pull rod 16 drives the hole-forming rod 13 to rise and fall synchronously. When the second push-pull rod 16 moves upward to the highest position in the second guide groove 111, the bottom surface of the hole forming rod 13 and the bottom surface of the punch 11 are located at the same horizontal plane, so that the bottom surface of the punch 11 is a complete plane, and when the second push-pull rod 16 moves downward to the lowest position in the second guide groove 111, the bottom surface of the hole forming rod 13 is located below the bottom surface of the punch 11. In this way, when the hole forming rod 13 is located at the highest position in the punch 6, during the necking process, the bottom surface of the punch 6 can fit with the top surface of the shape control die 7, and the blank located in the upsetting cavity is completely pressed into the lower area to complete the necking. After the necking and upsetting processes are completed at the top part of the blank, local upsetting, local necking, local particle crushing and local grain refinement are achieved, so that the reinforced particles in this part are fully crushed, refined and evenly dispersed. Then, the pressing mechanism 3 drives the punch 11 and the hole-forming rod 13 downward synchronously, and presses the blank into the lower die 5 through the shape-controlling die 7 to complete the forming of the overall shape of the thin-walled multi-wing part; then the secondary pressing mechanism 12 drives the hole-forming rod 13 downward to the lowest position, and the bottom end of the hole-forming rod 13 is inserted into the center of the top surface of the blank to complete the forming of the loading hole 400.

[0058] The present invention also provides a thin-wall multi-fin component integrated forming process, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1. Loading and heating: The prefabricated rod-shaped blank is placed in the top cavity of the filling mold 8, and the heating device 14 heats the top part of the blank to a preset forming temperature. By heating the metal blank in the fin area, the metal flowability is improved, the forming load is reduced, and the forming and filling effect of the thin-walled fins is improved without causing grain growth in the non-fin area (rod body, corresponding to the lower half of the blank). The specific forming temperature is determined according to the optimal extrusion forming temperature corresponding to the specific material composition of the blank. In this process, the top surface of the filling mold 8 is flush with the top surface of the control mold 7, and the top surface of the ejector pin 10 is located below the top surface of the filling mold 8 (the ejector pin 10 is located at the highest position in the filling mold 8).

[0060] S2, primary upsetting: the pressing mechanism 3 drives the punch 11 and the hole-forming rod 13 to move downward synchronously, so that the top part of the blank is upset and fills the bottom of the cavity (upsetting cavity) of the upper die 6. In this process, the top surface of the filling die 8 is flush with the top surface of the control die 7, the top surface of the ejector rod 10 is located below the top surface of the filling die 8, and the bottom surface of the hole-forming rod 13 is flush with the bottom surface of the punch 11. After upsetting, the rod-shaped blank forms a stepped cylindrical structure with a "T"-shaped cross section.

[0061] S3, lower compression neck: The secondary upper pressing mechanism 9 drives the push rod 10 downward to the lowest position in the filling mold 8, and the lower pressing mechanism 3 continues to drive the punch 11 and the hole forming rod 13 downward synchronously, and presses the upset blank into the top cavity (necking cavity) of the filling mold 8 through the internal cavity of the control mold 7. In this process, the upset blank with a larger radius passes through the internal cavity of the control mold 7 and is re-extruded in the necking cavity of the lower mold 5 to form a cylindrical structure with a smaller radius, that is, the stepped cylindrical structure with a "T"-shaped cross-section is re-transformed into a cylindrical structure with the same radius as the original rod-shaped blank, but the upper part undergoes all the processes of heating, upsetting and necking, while the lower part does not undergo any process of heating, upsetting and necking, and is directly used as the formed rod body 100.

[0062] S4, upward pressure back upsetting: The secondary upward pressure mechanism 9 drives the push rod 10 upward, and reversely presses the necked blank through the internal cavity of the shape-controlling die 7 to the bottom of the cavity (upsetting cavity) of the upper die 6, so that the blank is upset again. In this process, the power output end of the downward pressure mechanism 3 drives the punch 11 and the hole-forming rod 13 upward synchronously, providing back pressure at the top of the blank, so that the necked blank with a smaller radius reversely enters the necking cavity of the upper die 6 through the internal cavity of the shape-controlling die 7 and is re-extruded to form a cylindrical structure with a larger radius, that is, the aforementioned stepped cylindrical structure with a "T"-shaped cross-section.

[0063] S5, crushing and refining of reinforced particles: repeating steps S3 and S4 cyclically for a preset number of times, so that the reinforced particles at the top part of the blank are crushed, refined and evenly dispersed, the density of the material is improved, the mechanical properties of the material are enhanced, the fin area is strengthened, and the harmful risk of grain growth caused by heating is compensated. The blank upsetting area directly provides storage preparation for fin forming.

[0064] S6, integral forming: After the last upsetting process is completed, the top surface of the filling mold 8 is fitted with the bottom surface of the control mold 7, and the ejector pin 10 is located at the highest position in the filling mold 8. At this time, the upper pressing mechanism 2 drives the filling mold 8 and the ejector pin 10 to move downward synchronously, and the top of the inner cavity of the lower mold 5 is connected with the inner cavity of the control mold 7; the lower pressing mechanism 3 drives the punch 11 and the hole forming rod 13 to move downward synchronously, and the upsetting blank is pressed into the top of the cavity of the lower mold 5 through the inner cavity of the control mold 7, and the blank squeezed into the lower mold 5 forms the fin 200, the wing plate 300 and the connecting part therebetween in the space above the top surface of the filling mold 8.

[0065] S7, hole forming and shaping: the secondary pressing mechanism 12 drives the hole forming rod 13 downward, and the bottom end of the hole forming rod 13 is inserted into the cavity of the lower die 5, forming a loading hole 400 in the top surface of the blank. In the hole forming process, the blank at the position of the hole forming rod 13 is laterally squeezed into the surrounding fin forming cavity, and the fin area is cooperatively shaped to achieve local strengthening of the fin area and efficient near-net forming.

[0066] S8, forced cooling: The heating device 14 stops working, and the cooling device starts working, and a cooling medium (such as pure water) is injected into the cooling channel through the water inlet pipe 22 to force cool the fin area, and the cooling medium flows back to the cooling device through the water outlet pipe 22. After forced cooling, the formed thin-walled multi-fin parts shrink and shape, which facilitates the separation of the contact positions between the formed parts and each mold, and avoids harmful deformation of the formed parts, especially the fin area, when demolding.

[0067] S9, demoulding and resetting: the upper pressure mechanism 2 drives the filling mold 8 and the ejector rod 10 to move upward synchronously, and the lower pressure mechanism 3 drives the punch 11 and the hole-forming rod 13 to move upward synchronously, so that the fin area is separated from the lower mold 5 and the shape-controlling mold 7, and the formed part is ejected. Then, the secondary lower pressure mechanism 12 drives the hole-forming rod 13 to move upward, and the hole-forming rod 13 is separated from the loading hole 400, completing the entire forming process.

[0068] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device, comprising a body (1) consisting of a workbench, columns fixedly arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the workbench, and a top beam fixedly arranged on the top of the columns, wherein an upward pressing mechanism (2) is arranged in the workbench, and a downward pressing mechanism (3) is arranged in the top beam, characterized in that: A die base (4) is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the workbench, a lower die (5) is fixedly arranged on the top of the die base (4), a shape-controlling die (7) is embedded in the top of the lower die (5), and an upper die (6) is fixedly arranged on the tops of the lower die (5) and the shape-controlling die (7); The power output end of the upper pressure mechanism (2) is respectively fixedly connected to a filling mold (8) and a secondary upper pressure mechanism (9); the top end of the filling mold (8) is movably inserted into the lower mold (5) and movably matches the internal cavity of the shape-controlling mold (7); the power output end of the secondary upper pressure mechanism (9) is fixedly connected to a push rod (10) movably inserted into the filling mold (8); The power output end of the pressing mechanism (3) is respectively fixedly connected to a punch (11) and a secondary pressing mechanism (12); the bottom end of the punch (11) is movably inserted into the upper die (6); and the power output end of the secondary pressing mechanism (12) is fixedly connected to a hole-forming rod (13) movably inserted into the punch (11); A heating device (14) is fixedly provided on the outer sides of the lower die (5) and the upper die (6), a cooling channel is provided inside the top end of the lower die (5), and the inlet and outlet ports of the cooling channel are respectively connected to the cooling device.

2. The thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control die (7) and the lower die (5) are assembled to have an internal cavity matching the top horizontal cross-sectional profile of the thin-walled multi-fin component, and the top section of the filling die (8) is a die rod structure matching the fin forming cavity area of ​​the internal cavity.

3. The thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the filling mold (8) is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the lower mold (5), the outer wall of the punch (11) is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the upper mold (6), and the outer diameter of the punch (11) and the outer diameter of the filling mold (8) are both the same as the outer contour diameter of the internal cavity of the control mold (7), the outer diameter of the ejector rod (10) is the same as the inner contour diameter of the internal cavity of the control mold (7), and the diameter of the hole forming rod (13) is smaller than the diameter of the ejector rod (10).

4. The thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the filling mold (8) moves upward to the highest position, its top surface is flush with the top surface of the shape-controlling mold (7); when the punch (11) moves downward to the lowest position, its bottom surface is in contact with the top surface of the shape-controlling mold (7).

5. The thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A first vertically arranged first guide groove (801) is provided inside the filling mold (8), a first push-pull rod (15) is movably arranged in the first guide groove (801), two ends of the first push-pull rod (15) are respectively fixedly connected to the power output ends of the secondary pressing mechanism (9), and the middle part of the first push-pull rod (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the push rod (10).

6. The thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the push rod (10) is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the filling mold (8), and when the first push-pull rod (15) moves upward to the highest position in the first guide groove (801), the top surface of the push rod (10) is located below the top surface of the filling mold (8).

7. The thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A second guide groove (111) arranged vertically is provided inside the punch (11), a second push-pull rod (16) is movably arranged in the second guide groove (111), two ends of the second push-pull rod (16) are respectively fixedly connected to the power output ends of the secondary pressing mechanism (12), and the middle part of the second push-pull rod (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the hole forming rod (13).

8. The thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the hole forming rod (13) is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the punch (11); when the second push-pull rod (16) moves upward to the highest position in the second guide groove (111), the bottom surface of the hole forming rod (13) and the bottom surface of the punch (11) are located in the same horizontal plane; when the second push-pull rod (16) moves downward to the lowest position in the second guide groove (111), the bottom surface of the hole forming rod (13) is located below the bottom surface of the punch (11).

9. A thin-wall multi-fin integrated forming process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, placing the bottom end of the prefabricated rod-shaped blank into the top cavity of the filling mold, and the heating device heats the top part of the blank to a preset forming temperature; S2, the punch and the hole-forming rod move downward synchronously, so that the top part of the blank is upset and fills the bottom of the cavity of the upper die; S3, the ejector rod descends to the lowest position in the filling die, and the punch and the hole forming rod continue to descend synchronously, pressing the upset blank into the top cavity of the filling die; S4, the punch and the hole-forming rod move upward synchronously, and the ejector rod moves upward, pressing the top part of the necked blank into the bottom cavity of the upper die in the reverse direction; S5, repeating step S3 and step S4 cyclically to a preset number of times; S6, the filling die and the ejector rod move downward synchronously, and the punch and the hole forming rod move downward synchronously, pressing the top portion of the blank after the backsetting into the top of the cavity of the lower die to form the top fin area of ​​the thin-walled multi-fin part; S7, the hole forming rod moves downward, and the bottom end of the hole forming rod is inserted into the cavity of the lower die to form a loading hole in the top surface of the blank; S8, the heating device stops working, and the cooling device starts working to force cooling of the fin area; S9, the filling mold and the ejector rod move upward synchronously, the punch and the hole-forming rod move upward synchronously, so that the fin area is separated from the lower mold and the shape-controlling mold, the formed part is ejected, the hole-forming rod moves upward, and the hole-forming rod is separated from the loading hole.

10. The integrated forming process of thin-walled multi-fin parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the filling die presses the blank to complete the back-up, the pressing mechanism drives the punch and the hole-forming rod to move upward synchronously, providing back pressure on the top of the blank.

Images