A square part parallelism and perpendicularity certainty modification processing method

Abstract

The application discloses a square part parallelism and perpendicularity certainty modification machining method, comprising the following steps: step S1, according to the parallelism and perpendicularity error S(x, y) of the surface of the square part to be machined, the certainty modification equipment obtains the residence time distribution V(x, y) of the surface to be machined in the length and width directions through residence time solution and conversion; step S2, the certainty modification equipment makes variable speed motion along the residence time distribution V(x, y) of the surface to be machined in the length and width directions, so as to correct the parallelism and perpendicularity error; step S3, the parallelism and perpendicularity error of the square part to be machined is detected, if the parallelism and perpendicularity error of the square part to be machined meets the preset requirement, the machining is completed; otherwise, the step S1 and the step S2 are repeatedly executed until the parallelism and perpendicularity of the square part to be machined meet the preset requirement. The application has the characteristics of simple principle, high machining precision and high automation degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultra-precision machining technology for parts surfaces, specifically to a deterministic shaping method for the parallelism and perpendicularity of square parts. Background Technology

[0002] Cuboid parts are widely used in ultra-precision inspection equipment. For example, the NMF from DUI in the Netherlands and the LupoScan high-precision non-contact 3D profilometer from Taylor Hopson have cuboid reference mirrors in both the X and Y directions as motion benchmarks for real-time compensation. The parallelism (perpendicularity) of cuboid parts directly affects the assembly relationship of components; therefore, high-precision parallelism and perpendicularity manufacturing technology for cuboid parts is one of the key technologies. Conventional perpendicularity and parallelism correction is usually ensured through machine tool precision and fixture design, which requires high precision in equipment and fixture manufacturing, and has limited improvement accuracy in parallelism and perpendicularity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the issue that the modification of parallelism and perpendicularity of cuboid parts relies excessively on the accuracy of machine tools and fixtures, as well as the limited machining accuracy. This invention provides a deterministic modification method for the parallelism and perpendicularity of square parts that is simple in principle, convenient to operate, and conducive to improving machining accuracy.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A method for determining the parallelism and perpendicularity of a square part, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1: Based on the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x,y) of the surface of the square part to be processed, the deterministic shaping equipment obtains the dwell time distribution V(x,y) of the surface of the square part to be processed in the length and width directions by dwell time calculation and conversion.

[0007] Step S2: The deterministic shaping device moves at varying speeds along the surface of the square part to be processed in the length and width directions with a dwell time distribution V(x,y) to correct parallelism and perpendicularity errors.

[0008] Step S3: Detect the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the square part to be processed. If the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements, the processing is completed; otherwise, repeat steps S1 and S2 until the parallelism and perpendicularity of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the parallelism and perpendicularity errors between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference surface are measured by a coordinate measuring machine, the angle errors in the length direction and width direction are extracted, and the surface shape with only the angle errors is generated by MATLAB.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, step S1 further includes:

[0011] Step S11: Place the square part to be processed on a coordinate measuring machine for point measurement. Evaluate the parallelism and perpendicularity error of the surface of the square part to be processed relative to the reference plane through the coordinate measuring machine data, and export the spatial point data of the surface to be processed.

[0012] Step S12: Perform least-squares fitting on the spatial point data measured on the surface of the square part to be processed, and obtain the point cloud data of the parallelism and perpendicularity error of the surface of the square part to be processed by subtracting from the reference plane.

[0013] Step S13: Based on the point cloud data of the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the surface of the square part to be processed, obtain the length direction angle error a(x) and width direction angle error a(y) between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference plane.

[0014] Step S14: Reconstruct the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x, y) with only angular errors using MATLAB.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S13, let the length of the surface of the square part to be processed be L(x) and the width be L(y). By calculation, the total sag difference ΔX in the length direction and the total sag difference ΔY in the width direction of the square part to be processed are obtained:

[0016] ΔX=L(x)×tan(a(x))

[0017] ΔY = L(y) × tan(a(y)).

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S14, the sag of the length direction of the surface of the square part to be processed is X(x,y), and the sag of the width direction is Y(x,y). The calculation relationship of S(x,y) is obtained through geometric relationships:

[0019] S(x,y)=(X(x,y)-X(1,1)) / L(x) ×ΔX+(Y(x,y)-Y(1,1)) / L(y) ×ΔY

[0020] Based on the calculated S(x, y) and the shape of the part, the surface shape data that a deterministic shaping device can read is constructed using MATLAB.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, step S2 further includes inputting the surface shape data obtained in step S14 into a deterministic polishing device to calculate the dwell time and process the surface of the square part to be processed.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention provides a deterministic reshaping method for the parallelism and perpendicularity of square parts. It measures the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the part's surface relative to a reference plane using a coordinate measuring machine, extracts the angular errors in the length and width directions of the part's surface, generates a surface shape with only angular errors using MATLAB, and calculates the dwell time based on the removal characteristics of a computer-programmed magnetorheological (ion beam or small grinding head) deterministic reshaping device. This yields the velocity distribution across the entire part's surface, and parallelism and perpendicularity machining is performed until the parallelism and perpendicularity of the part meet the drawing requirements. This invention achieves high-precision correction of the parallelism and perpendicularity of square parts, has low requirements for tooling and fixture design, does not alter the surface shape of the machined surface, has wide applicability, and is not limited to optical cuboid parts or single CNC equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the deterministic shaping process for the parallelism and perpendicularity of a square part in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "side", "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] Example

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for determining the parallelism and perpendicularity of a square part according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0030] Step S1: Based on the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x,y) of the surface of the square part to be processed, the deterministic shaping equipment obtains the dwell time distribution V(x,y) of the surface of the square part to be processed in the length and width directions by dwell time calculation and conversion.

[0031] Step S2: The deterministic shaping device moves at varying speeds along the surface of the square part to be processed in the length and width directions with a dwell time distribution V(x,y) to correct parallelism and perpendicularity errors.

[0032] Step S3: Detect the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the square part to be processed. If the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements, the processing is completed; otherwise, repeat steps S1 and S2 until the parallelism and perpendicularity of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements.

[0033] In step S1, the parallelism and perpendicularity errors between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference surface are measured by a coordinate measuring machine. The angular errors in the length and width directions are extracted, and the surface shape with only the angular errors is generated by MATLAB.

[0034] In this embodiment, the deterministic shaping device includes the following features:

[0035] (1) It has a stable removal function with very small fluctuations over time to meet the efficiency requirements for correcting parallelism and perpendicularity;

[0036] (2) It has a stable motion system and meets the size requirements of the parts;

[0037] (3) It has the ability to process surfaces of different shapes to meet the parallelism and perpendicularity correction of the surface of parts at different angles (not limited to rectangular parts parallel to the platform plane).

[0038] Step S1 in this embodiment further includes:

[0039] Step S11: Place the square part to be processed on a coordinate measuring machine for point measurement. Evaluate the parallelism and perpendicularity error of the surface of the square part to be processed relative to the reference plane through the coordinate measuring machine data, and export the spatial point data of the surface to be processed.

[0040] Step S12: Perform least-squares fitting on the spatial point data measured on the surface of the square part to be processed, and obtain the point cloud data of the parallelism and perpendicularity error of the surface of the square part to be processed by subtracting from the reference plane.

[0041] Step S13: Based on the point cloud data of the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the surface of the square part to be processed, obtain the angular error a(x) in the length direction and the angular error a(y) in the width direction between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference plane; let the length of the surface of the square part to be processed be L(x) and the width be L(y), and calculate the total sag difference ΔX in the length direction and the total sag difference ΔY in the width direction of the square part to be processed.

[0042] ΔX=L(x)×tan(a(x))

[0043] ΔY = L(y) × tan(a(y)).

[0044] Step S14: Reconstruct the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x, y) with only angular errors using MATLAB; the sag of the length direction of the square part to be processed is X(x, y), and the sag of the width direction is Y(x, y). The calculation relationship of S(x, y) is obtained through geometric relationships:

[0045] S(x,y)=(X(x,y)-X(1,1)) / L(x) ×ΔX+(Y(x,y)-Y(1,1)) / L(y) ×ΔY

[0046] Based on the calculated S(x, y) and the shape of the part, the surface shape data that can be read by the deterministic shaping device is constructed using MATLAB. This surface shape data only includes the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the part.

[0047] The surface shape data obtained in step S14 is input into the deterministic polishing equipment to calculate the dwell time and process the surface of the square part to be processed. If the parallelism and perpendicularity of the square part to be processed do not meet the preset requirements, steps S11 to S14 are repeated to obtain surface shape data, and the surface shape data is input into the deterministic polishing equipment to repeatedly modify the part to be processed until the design requirements are met.

[0048] In this embodiment, the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the surface of the part to be processed relative to the reference plane are measured by a coordinate measuring machine. The angular errors in the length and width directions of the surface are extracted. A surface shape containing only the angular errors is generated using MATLAB. Based on the removal characteristics of a deterministic shaping device using magnetorheological (ion beam or small grinding head) programmed by a computer, the dwell time is calculated to obtain the velocity distribution across the entire surface of the part to be processed. Parallelism and perpendicularity processing is then performed until the parallelism and perpendicularity of the part meet the drawing requirements. This invention achieves high-precision correction of the parallelism and perpendicularity of square parts, has low requirements for tooling and fixture design, does not change the surface shape of the processed surface, has wide applicability, and is not limited to optical cuboid parts or single CNC equipment.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the parallelism and perpendicularity of a square part, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Based on the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x,y) of the surface of the square part to be processed, the deterministic shaping equipment obtains the dwell time distribution V(x,y) of the surface of the square part to be processed in the length and width directions by dwell time calculation and conversion. Step S2: The deterministic shaping device moves at varying speeds along the surface of the square part to be processed in the length and width directions with a dwell time distribution V(x,y) to correct parallelism and perpendicularity errors. Step S3: Detect the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the square part to be processed. If the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements, the processing is completed; otherwise, repeat steps S1 and S2 until the parallelism and perpendicularity of the square part to be processed meet the preset requirements. In step S1, the parallelism and perpendicularity errors between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference plane are measured by a coordinate measuring machine, and the angle errors in the length and width directions are extracted. The surface shape with only the angle errors is generated by MATLAB. Step S1 further includes: Step S11: Place the square part to be processed on a coordinate measuring machine for point measurement. Evaluate the parallelism and perpendicularity error of the surface of the square part to be processed relative to the reference plane through the coordinate measuring machine data, and export the spatial point data of the surface to be processed. Step S12: Perform least-squares fitting on the spatial point data measured on the surface of the square part to be processed, and obtain the point cloud data of the parallelism and perpendicularity error of the surface of the square part to be processed by subtracting from the reference plane. Step S13: Based on the point cloud data of the parallelism and perpendicularity errors of the surface of the square part to be processed, obtain the length direction angle error a(x) and width direction angle error a(y) between the surface of the square part to be processed and the reference plane. Step S14: Reconstruct the parallelism and perpendicularity errors S(x, y) with only angular errors using MATLAB. In step S13, let the length of the square part surface to be processed be L(x) and the width be L(y). Through calculation, the total sag difference ΔX in the length direction and the total sag difference ΔY in the width direction of the square part surface to be processed are obtained: ΔX=L(x)×tan(a(x)) ΔY = L(y) × tan(a(y)); In step S14, the sag of the length direction of the surface of the square part to be processed is X(x,y), and the sag of the width direction is Y(x,y). The calculation relationship of S(x,y) is obtained through geometric relationships: S(x,y)=(X(x,y)-X(1,1)) / L(x) ×ΔX+(Y(x,y)-Y(1,1)) / L(y) ×ΔY; Based on the calculated S(x, y) and the shape of the part, the surface shape data that a deterministic shaping device can read is constructed using MATLAB.

2. The method for determining the parallelism and perpendicularity of a square part according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 further includes inputting the surface shape data obtained in step S14 into a deterministic polishing device to calculate the dwell time and process the surface of the square part to be processed.

Images