Front-back mixed combined abrasive water jet mechanism and method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a front-back mixing combined type abrasive water jet mechanism and a method thereof.The front-back mixing combined type abrasive water jet mechanism comprises ultrahigh-pressure water jet devices, a plurality of high-pressure abrasive water jet devices and a jet mixing acceleration device, and the ultrahigh-pressure water jet devices and the jet mixing acceleration device are arranged; the water jet device and the ultrahigh-pressure water jet device are obliquely arranged; the jet mixing acceleration device comprises a mixing cavity, a mixing jet nozzle and a locking assembly, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the mixing cavity, one mounting hole is communicated with the ultrahigh-pressure water jet device, the other mounting holes are connected with the corresponding high-pressure abrasive water jet devices, and at least one high-pressure abrasive water jet device is communicated with the mixing cavity. According to the invention, the pre-mixed abrasive water jet is firstly formed, and then the ultrahigh-pressure water jet with higher speed is formed to perform secondary acceleration on the pre-mixed abrasive water jet, so that the speed of abrasive particles is remarkably increased, and the jet cutting effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of jet injection devices, and in particular relates to a front-rear mixed combined abrasive water jet mechanism and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Abrasive water jets are widely used in tunnel excavation, oil drilling, mining and other fields due to their unique advantages in rock breaking, such as safety, concentrated energy and dust-free. Abrasive water jets mainly achieve the purpose of rock breaking by removing rock materials through the impact of abrasive particles carried by high-speed water. According to the mixing method of abrasive and water, abrasive water jets can be divided into two forms: post-mixing abrasive water jets and pre-mixing abrasive water jets. Post-mixing abrasive water jets pre-form high-speed water, and then mix abrasive particles to form an abrasive water jet. It has the advantages of simple structure and high pressure. Pre-mixing abrasive water jets pre-mix abrasive and water, and then pressurize them through the nozzle to form an abrasive water jet. It has the advantages of stable jet beam.

[0004] Different from the abrasive water jets that have higher requirements for processing quality in the processing field, their successful application in the rock breaking field must meet the important indicator of high efficiency. However, when the existing forms of abrasive water jets are faced with medium and high strength hard rocks, in order to achieve better rock breaking effects, the jet lateral cutting speed must be reduced, which greatly reduces the rock breaking efficiency of the jet. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the rock breaking ability of the abrasive water jet and increase the speed of the abrasive water jet, especially the speed of the abrasive particles. The existing means are usually to increase the pressure of the abrasive water jet and replace it with a larger diameter nozzle. Then this requires improving the performance and energy consumption of related supporting equipment, which is difficult to achieve, and the improvement of the jet cutting effect is limited. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a front-rear mixed combined abrasive water jet mechanism and method thereof. The present invention first forms a front-mixed abrasive water jet, and then forms a higher-speed ultra-high-pressure water jet to perform secondary acceleration on the front-mixed abrasive water jet, thereby significantly improving the speed of the abrasive particles, thereby improving the jet cutting effect.

[0006] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism, comprising an ultra-high pressure water jet device, a high pressure abrasive water jet device and a jet mixing acceleration device, wherein:

[0008] The ultra-high pressure water jet device and the jet mixing acceleration device, the high pressure abrasive water jet device comprises a plurality of devices, all of which are arranged obliquely between the ultra-high pressure water jet device;

[0009] The jet mixing acceleration device comprises a mixing chamber, a mixing jet nozzle and a locking assembly, wherein the mixing chamber is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, one of which is connected to an ultra-high pressure water jet device, and the other mounting holes are connected to corresponding high pressure abrasive water jet devices, and at least one high pressure abrasive water jet device is connected to the mixing chamber;

[0010] The mixing jet nozzle is connected to the end of the mixing chamber, and the two are fixedly connected via a locking assembly.

[0011] As an optional embodiment, at least a portion of the high pressure abrasive water jet device and the ultra-high pressure water jet device have different inclination angles.

[0012] As an optional embodiment, the structures of the high-pressure abrasive water jet devices are the same.

[0013] As an optional embodiment, the high-pressure abrasive water jet device includes a high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle, a collet and a connector. One end of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle is sealed to the jet mixing acceleration device, and the other end is sealed to the connector. The collet is nested on the outside of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle and connected to the connector.

[0014] As a further embodiment, one end of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle is conical.

[0015] As a further embodiment, one end of the connector is connected to the jet mixing acceleration device via a thread, and the other end of the connector is connected to the jet pipeline.

[0016] As a further embodiment, the high-pressure abrasive water jet parameters are adjusted by replacing the connected high-pressure abrasive water jet device, replacing the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle, or replacing the mixed jet nozzle.

[0017] As an optional embodiment, the locking assembly includes a locking sleeve and a screw sleeve, and the mixing jet nozzle is pressed and connected to the end of the mixing chamber. The locking sleeve is nested on the outside of the mixing jet nozzle to apply a fixed constraint to the mixing chamber; the screw sleeve is connected to the front end of the mixing chamber by a thread, and can apply pre-pressure to the locking sleeve, thereby fixing the mixing jet nozzle and the mixing chamber, and driving the mixing jet nozzle to press the mixing chamber to achieve a sealed connection.

[0018] As an optional embodiment, the jet mixing acceleration device has a shell, and the high-pressure abrasive water jet devices are arranged on different surfaces of the shell, and the high-pressure abrasive water jet devices are arranged alternately.

[0019] Based on the working methods of the above institutions, the following steps are included:

[0020] Determine the jet parameters according to the jet operation requirements;

[0021] According to the determined jet type and parameters, the number and positions of the connected mounting holes are selected, and the corresponding jet sources are connected;

[0022] If a mixed jet is required, the ultra-high pressure water jet and the high pressure abrasive water jet are mixed in the mixing chamber to achieve secondary acceleration of the abrasive particles, and the jets are converged and merged in the mixed jet nozzle to form an abrasive water jet with a higher abrasive particle speed.

[0023] Determine the jet parameters according to the optimal inclination angle θ model:

[0024] θ=C1*P1 λ1 *D1 λ2 *P2 λ3 *D2 λ4 *W λ5

[0025] Wherein: P1 represents the ultra-high pressure water jet pressure; D1 represents the diameter of the high pressure water jet nozzle; P2 represents the high pressure abrasive water jet pressure; D2 represents the diameter of the high pressure abrasive water jet nozzle; W represents the abrasive concentration; C1, λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, and λ5 are unknown coefficients obtained by experiments.

[0026] Based on the optimal inclination angle θ model for optimal jet energy conversion efficiency, a prediction model for effective jet rock breaking energy E is established to determine the jet parameters:

[0027] E=C2*P1 λ6 *D1 λ7 *θ λ8 +C3*P2 λ9 *D2 λ10 *θ λ11 *W λ12

[0028] Among them: C2, C3, λ6, λ7, λ8, λ9, λ10, λ11, λ12 are unknown coefficients obtained by experiments, and θ is determined by the optimal tilt angle θ model.

[0029] A prediction model for the jet rock breaking cutting depth H is established to determine the jet parameters:

[0030] H=C4*E λ13 *V λ14 *T λ15 *UCS λ16 *BTS λ17 *m λ18

[0031] Where: E is the effective energy of jet rock breaking, which is calculated by the prediction model of effective energy E of jet rock breaking, V is the traverse speed, T is the cutting target distance, UCS is the rock compressive strength, BTS is the rock tensile strength, m is the rock density, C4, λ13, λ14, λ15, λ16, λ17, λ18 are unknown coefficients, which are obtained by experiments;

[0032] According to the prediction model of the jet rock breaking cutting depth H, the efficient rock breaking jet parameters and cutting parameters are determined.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism provided by the present invention can realize secondary acceleration of the high-pressure abrasive water jet by the ultra-high-pressure water jet, thereby forming a high-pressure abrasive water jet with a higher abrasive particle speed, significantly improving the rock breaking effect of the abrasive water jet, and avoiding the problems of traditional methods of improving the performance parameters of the jet equipment, high cost, and insignificant improvement effect.

[0035] The front-rear mixed combined abrasive water jet mechanism provided by the present invention can provide various angles and combinations of ultra-high pressure water jets and high-pressure abrasive water jets, and is easy to select. The ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle, the abrasive water jet nozzle, and the mixed jet nozzle can be selected according to usage requirements, which is convenient for rapid adjustment of the coupling relationship between the high pressure water jet and the abrasive water jet, and has strong applicability.

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a front view of a front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism of an embodiment;

[0039] Figure 2 is a front view of a front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism of an embodiment;

[0040] Figure 3 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of a front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism according to an embodiment.

[0041] Among them, 1. Ultra-high pressure water jet device, 2. High pressure abrasive water jet device, 3. Jet mixing acceleration device;

[0042] 11. Ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle, 12. Connecting pipe, 13. Adapter;

[0043] 21. High-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle, 22. Collet, 23. Connector;

[0044] 31. Mixing chamber, 32. Mixing jet nozzle, 33. Locking sleeve, 34. Screw sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0048] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the front-rear mixed combined abrasive water jet mechanism comprises: an ultra-high pressure water jet device 1, a high pressure abrasive water jet device 2, and a jet mixing acceleration device 3.

[0051] The ultra-high pressure water jet device 1 is connected to the ultra-high pressure water jet system to form an ultra-high pressure water jet, and the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2 is connected to the high pressure abrasive water jet system to form a high pressure abrasive water jet. The ultra-high pressure water jet device 1 and the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2 are installed on the jet mixing acceleration device 3 by threaded connection.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the jet outlet of the ultra-high pressure water jet device 1 coincides with the jet outlet axis of the jet mixing acceleration device 3, the jet outlet of the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2 and the jet outlet of the jet mixing acceleration device 3 have a certain angle, and a plurality of high pressure abrasive water jet devices 2 with the same angle or different angles can be arranged on the jet mixing acceleration device 3.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, the ultra-high pressure water jet device 1 includes an ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle 11, a connecting pipe 12, and a conversion joint 13. One end of the ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle 11 is connected to the jet mixing acceleration device 3 through a conical seal, and the other end is compressed and sealed with the connecting pipe 12. One end of the connecting pipe 12 is connected to the jet mixing acceleration device 3 through a thread, and a pre-pressure is applied to the ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle 11, so as to achieve a sealed connection between the ultra-high pressure water jet nozzle 11, the connecting pipe 12, and the jet mixing acceleration device 3 to avoid leakage of the ultra-high pressure water jet. The other end of the connecting pipe 12 is connected to one end of the conversion joint 13, and the other end of the conversion joint 13 is connected to the ultra-high pressure water jet pipeline, so that ultra-high pressure water is provided to the ultra-high pressure water jet device from the outside, thereby forming an ultra-high pressure water jet. During use, the high pressure water jet nozzle 11 can be replaced to adjust the ultra-high pressure water jet parameters.

[0054] The high-pressure abrasive water jet device 2 comprises a high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21, a collet 22, and a connector 23. One end of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21 is conical, and is sealed and connected to the jet mixing and accelerating device 3 through a conical surface, and the other end is sealed and connected to the connector 23. The collet 22 is nested outside the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21 and connected to the connector 23. By pressing the collet 22, the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21 and the connector 23 are formed into a whole.

[0055] The connector 23 is connected to the jet mixing and accelerating device 3 through a thread, and the high-pressure abrasive water jet device 2 is fixed on the jet mixing and accelerating device 3, and a pre-pressure can be applied to the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21 and the collet 22, so as to achieve a sealing effect. The other end of the connector 23 is connected to the high-pressure abrasive water jet pipeline, so that a high-pressure abrasive water mixture is provided to the high-pressure abrasive water jet device 2 from the outside, thereby forming a high-pressure abrasive water jet. The same high-pressure abrasive water jet can be replaced with other forms of jets such as high-pressure abrasive slurry jets and particle jets.

[0056] During use, the high-pressure abrasive water jet parameters can be adjusted by selecting the size of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle 21 .

[0057] The jet mixing acceleration device 3 includes a mixing chamber 31, a mixing jet nozzle 32, a locking sleeve 33, and a screw sleeve 34. The mixing chamber 31 is provided with mounting holes for the ultra-high pressure water jet device 1 and the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2, and the high pressure abrasive water jet device 2 has multiple mounting holes. According to the use requirements, high pressure abrasive water jet devices 2 with different angles and different angle combinations can be selected and used. Accordingly, only the mounting holes of the high pressure abrasive water jet devices 2 with other angles need to be blocked.

[0058] In the mixing chamber 31 , the ultra-high pressure water jet and the high pressure abrasive water jet are mixed, the abrasive particles are accelerated twice, and are converged and merged in the mixing jet nozzle 32 , thereby forming an abrasive water jet with a higher abrasive particle velocity.

[0059] The mixing jet nozzle 32 is tightly connected to the end of the mixing chamber 31, and the locking sleeve 33 is nested outside the mixing jet nozzle 32 to impose a fixed constraint on the mixing chamber 31. The screw sleeve 34 is connected to the mixing chamber 31 through a threaded connection, and a pre-pressure is applied to the locking sleeve 33 to fix the mixing jet nozzle 32 and the mixing chamber 31, and drive the mixing jet nozzle 32 to press the mixing chamber 31 to achieve a sealed connection.

[0060] In the above process, the jet parameters can be determined according to the optimal tilt angle θ model:

[0061] θ=C1*P1 λ1 *D1 λ2 *P2 λ3 *D2 λ4 *W λ5

[0062] Wherein: P1 represents the ultra-high pressure water jet pressure; D1 represents the diameter of the high pressure water jet nozzle; P2 represents the high pressure abrasive water jet pressure; D2 represents the diameter of the high pressure abrasive water jet nozzle; W represents the abrasive concentration; C1, λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, and λ5 are unknown coefficients obtained by experiments.

[0063] Based on the optimal inclination angle θ model for optimal jet energy conversion efficiency, a prediction model for effective jet rock breaking energy E is established to determine the jet parameters:

[0064] E=C2*P1 λ6 *D1 λ7 *θ λ8 +C3*P2 λ9 *D2 λ10 *θ λ11 *W λ12

[0065] Among them: C2, C3, λ6, λ7, λ8, λ9, λ10, λ11, λ12 are unknown coefficients obtained by experiments, and θ is determined by the optimal tilt angle θ model.

[0066] A prediction model for the jet rock breaking cutting depth H is established to determine the jet parameters:

[0067] H=C4*E λ13 *V λ14 *T λ15 *UCS λ16 *BTS λ17 *m λ18

[0068] Where: E is the effective energy of jet rock breaking, which is calculated by the prediction model of effective energy E of jet rock breaking, V is the traverse speed, T is the cutting target distance, UCS is the rock compressive strength, BTS is the rock tensile strength, m is the rock density, C4, λ13, λ14, λ15, λ16, λ17, λ18 are unknown coefficients, which are obtained by experiments;

[0069] According to the prediction model of the jet rock breaking cutting depth H, the efficient rock breaking jet parameters and cutting parameters are determined.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present invention without creative labor shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism, characterized in that: It includes an ultra-high pressure water jet device, a high pressure abrasive water jet device and a jet mixing acceleration device, wherein: The ultra-high pressure water jet device and the jet mixing acceleration device, the high pressure abrasive water jet device comprises a plurality of devices, all of which are arranged obliquely between the ultra-high pressure water jet device; The jet mixing acceleration device comprises a mixing chamber, a mixing jet nozzle and a locking assembly, wherein the mixing chamber is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, one of which is connected to an ultra-high pressure water jet device, and the other mounting holes are connected to corresponding high pressure abrasive water jet devices, and at least one high pressure abrasive water jet device is connected to the mixing chamber; The mixing jet nozzle is connected to the end of the mixing chamber, and the two are fixedly connected via a locking assembly.

2. A front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: At least a portion of the high pressure abrasive water jet device and the ultra-high pressure water jet device have different inclination angles.

3. A front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Each high pressure abrasive water jet device has the same structure; The high-pressure abrasive water jet device comprises a high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle, a collet and a connector. One end of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle is sealed and connected to the jet mixing acceleration device, and the other end is sealed and connected to the connector. The collet is nested on the outside of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle and connected to the connector.

4. A front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle is conical; One end of the connector is connected to the jet mixing acceleration device through a thread, and the other end of the connector is connected to the jet pipeline; The parameters of the high-pressure abrasive water jet are adjusted by replacing the connected high-pressure abrasive water jet device, replacing the high-pressure abrasive water jet nozzle or replacing the mixed jet nozzle.

5. The front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a locking sleeve and a threaded sleeve. The mixing jet nozzle is pressed and connected to the end of the mixing chamber. The locking sleeve is nested on the outside of the mixing jet nozzle to impose a fixed constraint on the mixing chamber. The threaded sleeve is connected to the front end of the mixing chamber through a threaded connection and can apply pre-pressure to the locking sleeve to fix the mixing jet nozzle and the mixing chamber, and drive the mixing jet nozzle to press the mixing chamber to achieve a sealed connection.

6. A front-rear hybrid combined abrasive water jet mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The jet mixing acceleration device has a shell, and each high-pressure abrasive water jet device is arranged on different surfaces of the shell, and each high-pressure abrasive water jet device is arranged alternately.

7. A working method based on the mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the jet parameters according to the jet operation requirements; According to the determined jet type and parameters, the number and positions of the connected mounting holes are selected, and the corresponding jet sources are connected; If a mixed jet is required, the ultra-high pressure water jet and the high pressure abrasive water jet are mixed in the mixing chamber to achieve secondary acceleration of the abrasive particles, and the jets are converged and merged in the mixed jet nozzle to form an abrasive water jet with a higher abrasive particle speed.

8. The working method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Determine the jet parameters according to the optimal inclination angle θ model: θ=C1*P1 λ1 *D1 λ2 *P2 λ3 *D2 λ4 *W λ5 Wherein: P1 represents the ultra-high pressure water jet pressure; D1 represents the diameter of the high pressure water jet nozzle; P2 represents the high pressure abrasive water jet pressure; D2 represents the diameter of the high pressure abrasive water jet nozzle; W represents the abrasive concentration; C1, λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, and λ5 are unknown coefficients obtained by experiments.

9. The working method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Based on the optimal inclination angle θ model for optimal jet energy conversion efficiency, a prediction model for effective jet rock breaking energy E is established to determine the jet parameters: E=C2*P1 λ6 *D1 λ7 *i λ8 +C3*P2 λ9 *D2 λ10 *i λ11 *W λ12 Among them: C2, C3, λ6, λ7, λ8, λ9, λ10, λ11, λ12 are unknown coefficients obtained by experiments, and θ is determined by the optimal tilt angle θ model.

10. The working method according to claim 7, characterized in that: A prediction model for the jet rock breaking cutting depth H is established to determine the jet parameters: H=C4*E λ13 *V λ14 *T λ15 *UCS λ16 *BTS λ17 *m λ18 Where: E is the effective energy of jet rock breaking, which is calculated by the prediction model of effective energy E of jet rock breaking, V is the traverse speed, T is the cutting target distance, UCS is the rock compressive strength, BTS is the rock tensile strength, m is the rock density, C4, λ13, λ14, λ15, λ16, λ17, λ18 are unknown coefficients, which are obtained by experiments; According to the prediction model of the jet rock breaking cutting depth H, the efficient rock breaking jet parameters and cutting parameters are determined.

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