Preparation device and preparation method of fluffy short hybrid fibers

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation device and a preparation method of fluffy short hybrid fibers. The preparation device comprises a spinning nozzle, a spinning runner, a collecting plate and an air supply device, the spinning nozzle and the collecting plate are oppositely arranged up and down, the spinning runner is located between the spinning nozzle and the collecting plate, and a high-voltage electrostatic field is arranged between the spinning runner and the collecting plate; liquid drops sprayed by the spinning nozzle pass through the spinning flow channel and the high-voltage electrostatic field and then are stretched into fibers, and the fibers fall on the collecting plate; the air supply device supplies air to the spinning flow channel, so that airflow passes through the spinning flow channel; a disturbance device is further arranged in the spinning flow channel and can disturb airflow and liquid drops, so that bubbles are mixed in the liquid drops. The disturbance device comprises an axial flow fan, air supplied by the air supply device forms air flow from top to bottom in the spinning flow channel, the air flow from top to bottom can drive the axial flow fan to rotate, and then the air flow and liquid drops are disturbed. According to the invention, fluffy short hybrid fibers can be prepared.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of electrostatic spinning fiber preparation, and in particular to a device and method for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers. Background Art

[0002] Electrospinning uses static electricity to act on a polymer solution, causing the solution to spray from a nozzle to form a spinning jet. The spinning jet moves toward a collecting device and is gradually stretched and solidified to form fiber filaments that are deposited on the collecting device. Short impurity fibers refer to fiber filaments with a fiber length of 35-150 mm, which is a common raw material for fiber production. Fluffy fibers refer to fibers with a fluffy and porous structure, which can enhance the adsorption and surface activity of the fibers. Most of the fiber filaments prepared by existing electrospinning technology are continuous, and it is difficult to directly obtain short impurity fibers, and the obtained fibers are difficult to form a fluffy and porous structure. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers, which can prepare fluffy short miscellaneous fibers.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers of the present invention comprises a spinning nozzle, a spinning channel, a collecting plate and an air supply device; the spinning nozzle and the collecting plate are arranged opposite to each other in upper and lower positions, the spinning channel is located between the spinning nozzle and the collecting plate, and there is a high-voltage electrostatic field between the spinning channel and the collecting plate; the droplets sprayed from the spinning nozzle are stretched into fibers after passing through the spinning channel and the high-voltage electrostatic field, and fall on the collecting plate; the air supply device supplies air to the spinning channel so that air flows through the spinning channel; a disturbance device is also arranged in the spinning channel, which can disturb the air flow and droplets so that bubbles are mixed in the droplets.

[0005] Furthermore, the disturbance device comprises an axial flow fan, and the air supply of the air supply device forms an airflow from top to bottom in the spinning flow channel. The airflow from top to bottom can drive the axial flow fan to rotate, thereby disturbing the airflow and droplets.

[0006] Furthermore, the spinning flow channel is a vertical Venturi tube, and the spinning flow channel comprises an inlet steady flow section, a contraction section, a throat, a diffusion section and an outlet steady flow section from top to bottom; in the contraction section, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinning flow channel gradually decreases from top to bottom; in the diffusion section, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinning flow channel gradually increases from top to bottom; when the airflow passes through the diffusion section, the air pressure decreases and the droplets are stretched.

[0007] Furthermore, the outlet stabilizing section of the spinning flow channel is made of conductive material, the outlet stabilizing section is connected to a high-voltage power supply, and the collecting plate is grounded, thereby forming a high-voltage electrostatic field between the spinning flow channel and the collecting plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the axial flow fan is arranged at the throat of the spinning channel, and the droplets are mixed with bubbles under the disturbance of the axial flow fan and then pass through the diffusion section.

[0009] Furthermore, the axial flow fan includes a plurality of blades, which are mounted on a rotating drum, and the rotating drum is sleeved on a rotating shaft so that the blades can rotate around the rotating shaft; the blades are provided with a plurality of air holes, and air flow can pass through the blades from the air holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the plurality of blades on the axial flow fan are divided into two groups, an upper group and an lower group of blades, and the upper group and the lower group of blades are staggered with each other.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating shaft is suspended on an elastic member, and when the airflow changes, the force of the airflow on the axial fan changes, causing the elastic member to elastically expand and contract, and driving the rotating shaft to move up and down; a magnetic field is applied to the throat of the spinning channel, the cylinder wall of the rotating drum is hollow, and a coil is arranged inside the cylinder wall of the rotating drum; when the rotating shaft is lifted and lowered, it drives the coil inside the rotating drum to cut the magnetic lines of force, so that the coil can generate a changing electric field, and the changing electric field tends to promote changes in the droplet morphology.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of spinning nozzles are provided, and the plurality of spinning nozzles spray liquid intermittently, and the nozzles of the spinning nozzles have different sizes.

[0013] Furthermore, a method for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers is provided, wherein a plurality of spinning nozzles spray liquid intermittently, and the nozzles of the spinning nozzles have different sizes, and the sprayed droplets pass through a spinning channel from top to bottom; an air supply device supplies air into the spinning channel, forming an airflow from top to bottom in the spinning channel, and the size of the airflow generated by the air supply device changes periodically; the airflow from top to bottom drives the axial flow fan to rotate, and the axial flow fan disturbs the droplets and the airflow when rotating, so that the droplets are broken and bubbles are mixed in the droplets; the droplets mixed with bubbles are stretched into fluffy short miscellaneous fibers when passing through the diffusion section and the high-voltage electrostatic field, and fall onto a collecting plate.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The device and method for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1) The droplets ejected from the spinning nozzle pass through the spinning flow channel, where there is airflow. The airflow can drive the axial flow fan to rotate. When the axial flow fan rotates, it in turn disturbs the droplets and the airflow, which can not only break up the droplets to form smaller droplets, but also promote the mixing of the droplets and the airflow, so that bubbles are mixed in the droplets; the droplets mixed with bubbles have a fluffy porous structure when stretched into fibers;

[0016] 2) The spinning channel is a Venturi tube. When the airflow passes through the diffusion section of the spinning channel, the air pressure decreases, which will stretch the droplets. When the droplets pass through the high-voltage electrostatic field, the high-voltage electrostatic field will also stretch the droplets, thereby obtaining finer fiber filaments.

[0017] 3) The rotating shaft of the axial flow fan is suspended on an elastic member, and the size of the airflow produced by the air supply device will change, causing the axial flow fan to move up and down; on the one hand, the movement dimension of the axial flow fan is increased, which can improve the disturbance effect of the axial flow fan on the airflow and droplets, and promote the mixing of droplets and airflow; on the other hand, there is a coil inside the axial flow fan, and a magnetic field is applied to the outside. When the axial flow fan is raised and lowered, the coil will be driven to cut the magnetic lines of force, generating a changing electric field. The changing electric field will cause the shape of the droplets to change. When the shape of the droplets changes, it is easier to mix into the airflow, which can promote the generation of more bubbles in the droplets, making the final fiber more fluffy and porous. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the preparation device of the present invention;

[0019] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spinning channel and the axial flow fan;

[0020] Attached Figure 3 Schematic diagram of applying a magnetic field to the throat of the spinning channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] As attached Figures 1 to 3 The device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers comprises a spinning nozzle 1, a spinning channel 2, a collecting plate 3 and an air supply device 4; the spinning nozzle 1 and the collecting plate 3 are arranged opposite to each other up and down, and the spinning channel 2 is located between the spinning nozzle 1 and the collecting plate 3. The lower end of the spinning channel 2 is spaced apart from the collecting plate 3, and there is a high-voltage electrostatic field between the spinning channel 2 and the collecting plate 3. The liquid storage tank 8 is connected to the spinning nozzle 1 through a solution pump 7 to provide a solution to the spinning nozzle 1 so that the spinning nozzle 1 can spray droplets, and the droplets sprayed by the spinning nozzle 1 fall into the spinning channel 2 accordingly, and fall into the high-voltage electrostatic field along the spinning channel 2. The droplets are stretched into fibers after passing through the high-voltage electrostatic field, and then fall on the collecting plate 3.

[0023] The air supply device 4 supplies air to the spinning flow channel 2, so that air flows through the spinning flow channel 2. A disturbance device is also provided in the spinning flow channel 2, which can disturb the air flow and liquid droplets, so that bubbles are mixed in the liquid droplets, and the liquid droplets mixed with bubbles can form a fluffy porous structure after being stretched into fibers. In addition, the disturbance device also has the function of breaking up the liquid droplets, making the liquid droplets smaller, thereby obtaining short impurity fibers.

[0024] As attached Figure 1As shown in the figure, the disturbance device includes an axial flow fan 5. The air supply device 4 includes an air pump, which is connected to the upper end of the spinning flow channel 2 through an air supply pipe, so that the air supply of the air supply device 4 can form an airflow from top to bottom in the spinning flow channel 2. The airflow from top to bottom can drive the axial flow fan 5 to rotate, and the axial flow fan 5 rotates to disturb the airflow and droplets in turn. The blades 51 of the axial flow fan 5 have a certain cutting ability and can break larger droplets into smaller droplets.

[0025] As attached Figure 2 As shown in , the spinning channel 2 is a vertical Venturi tube, and the spinning channel 2 is composed of an inlet steady flow section 21, a contraction section 22, a throat 23, a diffusion section 24 and an outlet steady flow section 25 from top to bottom. In the inlet steady flow section 21, the cross-section of the spinning channel 2 does not change. In the contraction section 22, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinning channel 2 gradually decreases from top to bottom. In the throat 23, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinning channel 2 does not change. In the diffusion section 24, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinning channel 2 gradually increases from top to bottom. In the outlet steady flow section 25, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinning channel 2 does not change. In the process of the air flow passing through the diffusion section 24, the air pressure will decrease, and the decrease in air pressure will have a stretching effect on the droplets. Combined with the stretching of the droplets by the high-voltage electrostatic field, in the present invention, the droplets are stretched and refined twice to obtain finer fiber filaments.

[0026] The outlet stabilizing section 25 of the spinning flow channel 2 is made of conductive material, specifically, metal material. The outlet stabilizing section 25 is connected to the high-voltage power supply 6, and the collecting plate 3 is grounded, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the spinning flow channel 2 and the collecting plate 3.

[0027] The axial flow fan 5 is arranged at the throat 23 of the spinning channel 2. The droplets are first mixed with the airflow in the throat 23 of the spinning channel 2. After the droplets are mixed with bubbles under the disturbance of the axial flow fan 5, the droplets are allowed to pass through the diffusion section 24 of the spinning channel 2. When the airflow passes through the diffusion section 24, the airflow is reduced, and the droplets mixed with bubbles are stretched once. Then the airflow passes through the high-voltage electrostatic field, and the high-voltage electrostatic field stretches the droplets for a second time.

[0028] The axial flow fan 5 includes a plurality of blades 51, which are mounted on a rotating drum 52, and the rotating drum 52 is sleeved on a rotating shaft 53, so that the blades 51 can rotate around the rotating shaft 53. The blades 51 are provided with a plurality of air holes 54, and airflow can pass through the blades 51 through the air holes 54. When the airflow passes through the blades 51, a part of the airflow blows onto the surface of the blades 51, driving the blades 51 to rotate, and another part of the airflow passes through the blades 51 through the air holes 54 and continues to flow downward, so that the airflow can be fully disturbed.

[0029] As attached Figure 2In one embodiment shown, the plurality of blades 51 on the axial flow fan 5 are divided into two groups, the upper and lower groups of blades 51 are staggered, and the plurality of blades 51 in the same group are distributed circumferentially so that the two groups of blades 51 do not affect each other. Since the blades 51 of the axial flow fan 5 are divided into two groups, the vertical space occupied by the axial flow fan 5 is larger, and the airflow and droplets can be more fully disturbed.

[0030] In one embodiment, the rotating shaft 53 is suspended on an elastic member, the upper end of the elastic member extends upward from the spinning channel 2 and is connected to the bracket, and the lower end of the elastic member is connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 53. During the spinning process, the size of the airflow provided by the air supply device 4 is changed periodically. When the size of the airflow changes, the force of the airflow on the surface of the blade 51 of the axial flow fan 5 will also change, so that the elastic member will elastically expand and contract. When the elastic member elastically expands and contracts, it will drive the rotating shaft 53 to continuously perform reciprocating lifting and lowering motions. A magnetic field is applied to the throat 23 of the spinning channel 2, and a magnetic field can be applied by arranging a magnetic member on the outside of the throat 23 of the spinning channel 2. The inner wall of the rotating drum 52 is hollow, and a coil is arranged in the inner wall of the rotating drum 52. When the rotating shaft 53 performs reciprocating lifting and lowering motions, it will drive the coil in the rotating drum 52 to cut the magnetic flux lines, so that the coil can generate a changing electric field. The shape of the droplets is related to the electric field. In the constantly changing electric field, the shape of the droplets will also change continuously, which makes the shape of the droplets in an unstable state. Therefore, the droplets are more likely to mix with the airflow, which is conducive to promoting the generation of bubbles in the droplets. The final fiber structure is more fluffy and porous.

[0031] The spinning nozzles 1 are provided with a plurality of them, and the plurality of spinning nozzles 1 spray liquid intermittently, so that the spinning nozzles 1 spray droplets instead of liquid filaments, which makes it easier to produce short miscellaneous fibers. The nozzles of the spinning nozzles 1 have different sizes to produce droplets of different sizes.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers. In the process of preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers, a liquid storage tank 8 supplies liquid to a plurality of spinning nozzles 1 through a solution pump 7, and the plurality of spinning nozzles 1 spray liquid intermittently, and the nozzles of the spinning nozzles 1 have different sizes, and the sprayed droplets pass through the spinning flow channel 2 from top to bottom; an air supply device 4 supplies air to the upper end of the spinning flow channel 2, forming an airflow from top to bottom in the spinning flow channel 2, and the airflow from top to bottom drives the axial flow fan 5 to rotate, and the axial flow fan 5 rotates to disturb the droplets and the airflow, so that the droplets are broken, and bubbles are mixed in the droplets. The size of the airflow generated by the air supply device 4 changes periodically, so that the coil in the axial flow fan 5 performs reciprocating lifting and lowering motion in the spinning flow channel 2, so as to generate a changing electric field in the throat 23 of the spinning flow channel 2, and the shape of the droplets is unstable in the changing electric field, which can promote more bubbles to be mixed in the droplets. When the droplets mixed with bubbles pass through the diffusion section 24, the air pressure decreases, so the droplets will be stretched once; when the droplets pass through the high-voltage electrostatic field, they will be stretched twice to obtain fluffy short miscellaneous fibers, and the fluffy short miscellaneous fibers will eventually fall onto the collection plate 3.

[0033] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers, characterized in that: The invention comprises a spinning nozzle (1), a spinning channel (2), a collecting plate (3) and an air supply device (4); the spinning nozzle (1) and the collecting plate (3) are arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower parts, the spinning channel (2) is located between the spinning nozzle (1) and the collecting plate (3), and a high-voltage electrostatic field is provided between the spinning channel (2) and the collecting plate (3); the liquid droplets ejected from the spinning nozzle (1) are stretched into fibers after passing through the spinning channel (2) and the high-voltage electrostatic field, and fall on the collecting plate (3); the air supply device (4) supplies air to the spinning channel (2), so that airflow passes through the spinning channel (2); a disturbance device is also provided in the spinning channel (2), and the disturbance device can disturb the airflow and liquid droplets, so that bubbles are mixed in the liquid droplets.

2. The device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disturbance device comprises an axial flow fan (5). The air supplied by the air supply device (4) forms an airflow from top to bottom in the spinning flow channel (2). The airflow from top to bottom can drive the axial flow fan (5) to rotate, thereby disturbing the airflow and liquid droplets.

3. The device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spinning flow channel (2) is a vertical Venturi tube, and the spinning flow channel (2) comprises, from top to bottom, an inlet steady flow section (21), a contraction section (22), a throat (23), a diffusion section (24), and an outlet steady flow section (25); in the contraction section (22), the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinning flow channel (2) gradually decreases from top to bottom; in the diffusion section (24), the cross-sectional area of ​​the spinning flow channel (2) gradually increases from top to bottom; in the process of the airflow passing through the diffusion section (24), the air pressure decreases and the droplets are stretched.

4. The device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outlet stabilizing section (25) of the spinning flow channel (2) is made of conductive material, the outlet stabilizing section (25) is connected to a high-voltage power supply (6), and the collecting plate (3) is grounded, thereby forming a high-voltage electrostatic field between the spinning flow channel (2) and the collecting plate (3).

5. The device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The axial flow fan (5) is arranged at the throat (23) of the spinning channel (2), and the liquid droplets are mixed with bubbles under the disturbance of the axial flow fan (5) and then pass through the diffusion section (24).

6. The device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axial flow fan (5) comprises a plurality of blades (51), wherein the plurality of blades (51) are mounted on a rotating drum (52), and the rotating drum (52) is sleeved on a rotating shaft (53), so that the blades (51) can rotate around the rotating shaft (53); and the blades (51) are provided with a plurality of air holes (54), and air flow can pass through the blades (51) from the air holes (54).

7. The device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of blades (51) on the axial flow fan (5) are divided into two groups, an upper group and an lower group of blades (51), and the upper group and the lower group of blades (51) are staggered with each other.

8. The device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (53) is suspended on an elastic member. When the airflow changes, the force of the airflow on the axial flow fan (5) changes, causing the elastic member to elastically expand and contract, and driving the rotating shaft (53) to move up and down. A magnetic field is applied to the throat (23) of the spinning flow channel (2). The wall of the rotating drum (52) is hollow, and a coil is arranged in the wall of the rotating drum (52). When the rotating shaft (53) is raised and lowered, it drives the coil in the rotating drum (52) to cut the magnetic flux lines, so that the coil can generate a changing electric field. The changing electric field has a tendency to promote the change of the droplet morphology.

9. The device for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of spinning nozzles (1) are provided, and the plurality of spinning nozzles (1) spray liquid intermittently, and the sizes of the nozzles of the spinning nozzles (1) are different.

10. The method for preparing fluffy short miscellaneous fibers according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of spinning nozzles (1) spray liquid intermittently, and the nozzles of the spinning nozzles (1) have different sizes, and the sprayed liquid droplets pass through the spinning flow channel (2) from top to bottom; The air supply device (4) supplies air into the spinning flow channel (2), forming an airflow from top to bottom in the spinning flow channel (2), and the size of the airflow generated by the air supply device (4) changes periodically; The airflow from top to bottom drives the axial flow fan (5) to rotate. When the axial flow fan (5) rotates, it disturbs the liquid droplets and the airflow, causing the liquid droplets to break up and causing bubbles to be mixed in the liquid droplets. The liquid droplets mixed with bubbles are stretched into fluffy short fibers when passing through the diffusion section (24) and the high-voltage electrostatic field, and fall onto the collecting plate (3).

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