An adaptive draft spinning method

Abstract

The application discloses a self-adaptive drafting device and a spinning method. The drafting system comprises front, middle and rear drafting roller pairs. The middle lower roller or the rear lower roller is selected as a passive lower roller, and the remaining rear lower roller, front lower roller or middle lower roller, front lower roller is selected as a driving lower roller. The roller sleeve and the roller shaft of the passive lower roller are connected through a bearing, and the roller sleeve and the roller shaft of the driving lower roller are fixedly connected and driven to rotate by a corresponding servo motor. The middle lower roller is selected as the passive lower roller to realize self-adaptive adjustment of drafting multiple distribution in the drafting process. The rear lower roller is selected as the passive lower roller to realize self-adaptive arrangement and drafting of the short fiber roving before main drafting. The self-adaptive drafting process is realized without the need of a motor to drive the passive lower roller and without the need of a gear connection transmission between the passive lower roller and the driving lower roller, the drafting effect is improved, the overall structure of the spinning frame is simplified, and the production cost is saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of spinning technology, in particular to a self-adaptive drafting spinning method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous advancement of the times, people's requirements for clothing fabrics are constantly improving, and the textile and garment industry is currently in an era of pursuing fashion, diversification and high quality. Therefore, new requirements have been put forward for the development of textile raw materials, among which fancy yarns have gradually entered people's field of vision and occupy an irreplaceable position. Fancy yarns refer to yarns with special structures and appearance effects obtained by processing fibers or yarns with special raw materials, special equipment or special processes during spinning and making. It is a kind of yarn with decorative effect in yarn products. The structure of fancy yarn is unique, the modeling is flexible, the color performance is rich, the use of raw materials is diversified, and it is rich in creativity. These make fancy yarn products easy to update, and produce more differentiated textile products. In today's era of pursuing individualized consumption, the market gives fancy yarns a broad space. Drafting is the most important link in spinning. During drafting, fibers are gradually drawn out from the surrounding fiber group one by one. Due to mutual friction, the hook gradually disappears, and the curl gradually straightens. In this way, the transverse connection remaining in each fiber can be completely eliminated, creating conditions for firmly establishing regular head-to-tail connection. Therefore, effective control of fibers during drafting is an important condition to achieve excellent drafting effect. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a self-adaptive drafting spinning method, which realizes self-adaptive adjustment of drafting in the spinning process, simplifies the overall structure of the spinning frame, and saves production cost.

[0004] The application provides a self-adaptive drafting spinning method, which adopts a self-adaptive drafting spinning device, the self-adaptive drafting spinning device comprises a drafting system, the drafting system comprises three rows of drafting rollers, namely a rear drafting roller pair, a middle drafting roller pair and a front drafting roller pair, the rear drafting roller pair comprises a rear lower roller and a rear upper rubber-covered roller, the middle drafting roller pair comprises a middle lower roller and a middle upper rubber-covered roller, and the front drafting roller pair comprises a front lower roller and a front upper rubber-covered roller, one of the middle lower roller or the rear lower roller is a passive lower roller, and the remaining rear lower roller, front lower roller or middle lower roller, front lower roller is an active lower roller, the passive lower roller comprises a passive roller shaft and a passive roller sleeve, the roller shafts of the passive lower rollers of all spindles of the rear and front bed surfaces of the spinning frame are integrally connected, the passive roller sleeve is sleeved on the passive roller shaft through a lower connecting bearing, the active lower roller comprises an active roller shaft and an active roller sleeve, the roller shafts of the active lower rollers of 8 spindles of the front bed surface of the spinning frame are integrally connected, the roller shafts of the active lower rollers of 8 spindles of the rear bed surface of the spinning frame are integrally connected, the roller shafts of two adjacent active lower rollers are drivingly connected through a roller seat, the active roller sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the active roller shaft, and the active roller shafts of the active lower rollers are respectively driven to rotate by first and second servo motors.

[0005] When the middle lower roller is selected as the passive lower roller, the middle pressing holding nip between the stationary middle lower roller and the middle upper rubber-covered roller is driven by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nip between the rotating front lower roller and the front upper rubber-covered roller to rotate at a first steady speed, and then is adaptively adjusted by the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying nip between the rotating rear lower roller and the rear upper rubber-covered roller to rotate at a second steady speed, so that the total drafting between the rear drafting roller pair and the front drafting roller pair is adaptively distributed into a rear drafting zone between the rear drafting roller pair and the middle drafting roller pair and a front drafting zone between the middle drafting roller pair and the front drafting roller pair, and adaptive adjustment of drafting multiple distribution in the drafting process is realized.

[0006] When the rear lower roller is selected as the passive lower roller, the rear pressing holding nip between the stationary rear lower roller and the rear upper rubber-covered roller is driven by the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying nip between the rotating middle lower roller and the middle upper rubber-covered roller to rotate at a third steady speed, so that a finishing drafting zone is formed between the rear pressing holding passive continuous conveying nip and the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying nip, adaptive finishing drafting of the fed-in roving before main drafting is realized, a main drafting zone is formed between the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying nip and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nip, and the short fiber roving is subjected to the main drafting action of the main drafting zone to obtain a short fiber top with reduced linear density.

[0007] The self-adaptive drafting spinning method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the passive roller sleeve is preferably made of iron or steel, and the active roller sleeve is preferably made of iron or steel.

[0008] The self-adaptive drafting spinning method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first servo motor and the second servo motor are preferably connected to a programmable logic controller.

[0009] The self-adaptive drafting spinning method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rear top rubber-covered roll, the middle top rubber-covered roll and the front top rubber-covered roll are preferably identical in structure and are arranged on the pressing assembly.

[0010] The self-adaptive drafting spinning method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein after the pressing assembly is pressed down, the rubber-covered roll sleeve of the rear top rubber-covered roll is in close contact with the roller sleeve of the rear bottom roller, thereby forming a rear pressing holding nip between the rubber-covered roll sleeve of the rear top rubber-covered roll and the roller sleeve of the rear bottom roller, and the rear pressing holding nip maintains a certain pressing holding force; the rubber-covered roll sleeve of the middle top rubber-covered roll is in close contact with the roller sleeve of the middle bottom roller, thereby forming a middle pressing holding nip between the rubber-covered roll sleeve of the middle top rubber-covered roll and the roller sleeve of the middle bottom roller, and the middle pressing holding nip maintains a certain pressing holding force; and the rubber-covered roll sleeve of the front top rubber-covered roll is in close contact with the roller sleeve of the front bottom roller, thereby forming a front pressing holding nip between the rubber-covered roll sleeve of the front top rubber-covered roll and the roller sleeve of the front bottom roller, and the front pressing holding nip maintains a certain pressing holding force.

[0011] The self-adaptive drafting spinning method as described above, wherein preferably, when the middle lower roller is selected as a passive lower roller, the corresponding back lower roller and front lower roller are both active lower rollers, the first servo motor drives the roller shaft of the back lower roller to rotate, drives the rubber roller sleeve of the back upper rubber roller in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the back pressing holding nip is changed into a back pressing holding active continuous conveying nip, the second servo motor drives the roller shaft of the front lower roller to rotate, drives the rubber roller sleeve of the front upper rubber roller in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the front pressing holding nip is changed into a front pressing holding active continuous conveying nip, and the rotating speed of the second servo motor is set to be greater than that of the first servo motor, at this time, the middle lower roller is in a stationary state, and the corresponding middle upper rubber roller is also in a stationary state, so that the middle pressing holding nip remains in the original state, the short fiber roving unwound from the roving tube passes through the back pressing holding active continuous conveying nip, the middle pressing holding nip and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nip in sequence, and the drafting process in the drafting system is completed, in this process, in the initial stage, the short fiber roving is first held by the back pressing holding active continuous conveying nip and continuously conveyed into the drafting system at a certain speed, and finally held by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nip and continuously output from the drafting system at a certain speed, when the short fiber roving passes through the middle pressing holding nip in the initial stage in a stationary state, the head end of the short fiber roving is first held by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nip and actively continuously output from the drafting system at a certain speed, and due to the holding force of the middle pressing holding nip on the short fiber roving, the forward conveying short fiber roving generates a forward driving force on the middle pressing holding nip in a stationary state, when the forward driving force is greater than the pressing holding passive driving resistance of the middle pressing holding nip, the middle pressing holding nip starts to change from the stationary state to the motion state, and the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding nip is continuously increased, when the difference between the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding nip and that of the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nip generates a first drafting force on the short fiber roving, which is equal to the pressing holding passive driving resistance of the middle pressing holding nip, the middle pressing holding nip is conveyed at a first steady speed in the front drafting zone between the middle pressing holding nip and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nip, and the first steady speed is greater than the conveying speed of the back pressing holding active continuous conveying nip, at the same time, in the drafting system, the tail end of the short fiber roving is held by the back pressing holding active continuous conveying nip and actively continuously input into the drafting system at a certain speed, and at this time, due to the first steady speed of the middle pressing holding nip being greater than the conveying speed of the back pressing holding active continuous conveying nip, in the back drafting zone between the back pressing holding active continuous conveying nip and the middle pressing holding nip,The second draft force generated by the difference between the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding nipper and the conveying speed of the back pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper on the short fiber roving, under the action of the second draft force, the speed of the middle pressing holding nipper is reduced, in the process of dynamic balance, the middle pressing holding nipper is finally conveyed at a second steady state speed in the draft system, finally the middle pressing holding nipper is converted into a middle pressing holding passive continuous conveying nipper, and at this time the short fiber roving is subjected to the draft action of the third draft force generated by the difference between the conveying speed of the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper and the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding passive continuous conveying nipper in the back draft zone, and the draft action of the sum of the first draft force and the third draft force in the front draft zone, so that the short fiber roving obtains a first short fiber strip with reduced linear density under the draft action of the third draft force in the back draft zone, the first short fiber strip is subjected to the draft action of the sum of the first draft force and the third draft force in the front draft zone, and a first short fiber fluff strip with reduced linear density is obtained, the total draft of the pair of back draft rollers and the pair of front draft rollers is distributed into the back draft zone between the pair of back draft rollers and the pair of middle draft rollers, the front draft zone between the pair of middle draft rollers and the pair of front draft rollers, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the draft ratio distribution in the draft process.

[0012] An adaptive drafting spinning method as described above, wherein, preferably, when the back lower roller is selected as a passive lower roller, the corresponding middle lower roller and front lower roller are both active lower rollers, the first servo motor drives the roller shaft of the middle lower roller to rotate, drives the rubber roller sleeve of the middle upper rubber roller in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the middle pressing holding jaw is changed into a middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, the second servo motor drives the roller shaft of the front lower roller to rotate, drives the rubber roller sleeve of the front upper rubber roller in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the front pressing holding jaw is changed into a front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, and the rotating speed of the second servo motor is set to be greater than that of the first servo motor, at this time, the back lower roller is in a stationary state, and the corresponding back upper rubber roller is also in a stationary state, and then the back pressing holding jaw remains in the original state, the short fiber roving unwound from the roving tube passes through the back pressing holding jaw, the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw in sequence, so as to complete the drafting process in the drafting system, in this process, in the initial stage, the short fiber roving is held by the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw after passing through the back pressing holding jaw in the stationary state in the initial stage, and is continuously conveyed into the drafting system at a certain speed, and finally is held by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and continuously output from the drafting system at a certain speed, when the short fiber roving passes through the back pressing holding jaw in the stationary state in the initial stage, the head end of the short fiber roving in the back drafting zone of the drafting system is held by the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and actively and continuously conveyed forward at a certain speed, due to the holding force of the back pressing holding jaw on the short fiber roving, the forward conveying short fiber roving generates a forward driving force on the back pressing holding jaw in the stationary state, when the forward driving force is greater than the passive driving resistance of the back pressing holding jaw, the back pressing holding jaw starts to change from the stationary state to the motion state, and the conveying speed of the back pressing holding jaw is continuously increased, when the difference between the conveying speed of the back pressing holding jaw and that of the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw generates a fourth drafting force on the short fiber roving equal to the passive driving resistance of the back pressing holding jaw, the back pressing holding jaw is conveyed at a third steady speed in the arrangement drafting zone between the back pressing holding jaw and the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, so that the back pressing holding jaw changes into a back pressing holding passive continuous conveying jaw, so that in the arrangement drafting zone between the back pressing holding passive continuous conveying jaw and the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, the short fiber roving obtains a second short fiber sliver with reduced linear density under the drafting action of the fourth drafting force, realizing adaptive arrangement drafting of the fed roving before main drafting, in the main drafting zone between the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw,The second short fiber strip is pressed by the second short fiber strip in the middle according to the difference between the conveying speed of the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper and the conveying speed of the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper, and the second short fiber strip is obtained under the action of the fifth draft force generated by the difference between the conveying speed of the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper and the conveying speed of the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper.

[0013] The self-adapting draft spinning method as described above, wherein preferably the active roller sets between two adjacent spindles are kept at a certain distance.

[0014] The self-adapting draft spinning method as described above, wherein preferably the rear top rubber-covered roller, the middle top rubber-covered roller and the front top rubber-covered roller have the same structure, the rear top rubber-covered roller, the middle top rubber-covered roller and the front top rubber-covered roller comprise a rubber-covered roller shaft, the rubber-covered roller shaft is made of iron or steel, the rubber-covered roller shaft is a solid cylindrical structure, one spindle and the adjacent one spindle on the left or right side of the front car platform of the spinning frame form a spindle group, one spindle and the adjacent one spindle on the left or right side of the rear car platform of the spinning frame form a spindle group, the rubber-covered roller shafts of the rear top rubber-covered rollers of the two spindles of each spindle group of the front car platform of the spinning frame are integrally connected, the rubber-covered roller shafts of the middle top rubber-covered rollers of the two spindles of each spindle group of the front car platform of the spinning frame are integrally connected, the rubber-covered roller shafts of the front top rubber-covered rollers of the two spindles of each spindle group of the front car platform of the spinning frame are integrally connected, the rubber-covered roller shafts of the rear top rubber-covered rollers of the two spindles of each spindle group of the rear car platform of the spinning frame are integrally connected, the rubber-covered roller shafts of the middle top rubber-covered rollers of the two spindles of each spindle group of the rear car platform of the spinning frame are integrally connected, the rubber-covered roller shafts of the front top rubber-covered rollers of the two spindles of each spindle group of the rear car platform of the spinning frame are integrally connected, a rubber-covered roller sleeve is sleeved on the rubber-covered roller shaft, the rubber-covered roller sleeve is made of rubber, the rubber-covered roller sleeve and the rubber-covered roller shaft are connected through a lower connecting bearing, the rubber-covered roller sleeves of the rear top rubber-covered rollers of the two spindles in one spindle group are kept at a certain distance, the rubber-covered roller shafts between the rubber-covered roller sleeves of the rear top rubber-covered rollers between the two spindles in one spindle group are embedded in the rear embedding grip of the pressing assembly, the rubber-covered roller sleeves of the middle top rubber-covered rollers between the two spindles in one spindle group are kept at a certain distance, the rubber-covered roller shafts between the rubber-covered roller sleeves of the middle top rubber-covered rollers between the two spindles in one spindle group are embedded in the middle embedding grip of the pressing assembly, the rubber-covered roller sleeves of the front top rubber-covered rollers between the two spindles in one spindle group are kept at a certain distance, and the rubber-covered roller shafts between the rubber-covered roller sleeves of the front top rubber-covered rollers between the two spindles in one spindle group are embedded in the front embedding grip of the pressing assembly.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the self-adaptive drafting spinning device comprises a drafting system comprising three rows of drafting roller pairs, and one of the middle lower roller or the rear lower roller is selected as a passive lower roller, and the remaining rear lower roller, front lower roller or middle lower roller, front lower roller is an active lower roller, the roller sleeve and the roller shaft of the passive lower roller are connected through a bearing, the roller sleeve and the roller shaft of the active lower roller are fixedly connected, and the roller shaft of the active lower roller is driven to rotate by the corresponding servo motor, thereby generating an active drafting multiple between the adjacent two active lower rollers due to the speed difference of the active lower rollers, and generating a passive drafting multiple between the adjacent one active lower roller and one passive lower roller due to the pressing holding passive driven resistance between the passive lower roller and the passive top rubber roller, so that when the middle lower roller is selected as the passive lower roller, the self-adaptive adjustment of the drafting multiple distribution in the drafting process is realized, and when the rear lower roller is selected as the passive lower roller, the self-adaptive arrangement and drafting of the fed-in short fiber roving before main drafting are realized, the self-adaptive drafting process is realized without the need of motor driving for the passive lower roller and without the need of gear connection transmission between the passive lower roller and the active lower roller, the drafting effect is improved, the overall structure of the spinning frame is simplified, and the production cost is saved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a self-adaptive drafting spinning device structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0017] The drawing number is explained: 1 - short fiber roving, 2 - rear lower roller, 3 - rear top rubber roller, 4 - middle lower roller, 5 - middle top rubber roller, 6 - front lower roller, 7 - front top rubber roller, 8 - passive roller shaft, 9 - passive roller sleeve, 10 - lower connecting bearing, 11 - active roller shaft, 12 - active roller sleeve, 13 - rubber roller shaft, 14 - rubber roller sleeve, 15 - first servo motor, 16 - second servo motor, 17 - programmable logic controller, 18 - guide hook, 19 - steel ring, 20 - steel ring, 21 - spinning tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be explained as a limitation of the present application.

[0019] A self-adaptive drafting spinning method, the middle lower roller 4 is selected as a passive lower roller, the self-adaptive adjustment of the drafting multiple distribution in the drafting process is realized, or the rear lower roller 2 is selected as a passive lower roller, the self-adaptive arrangement and drafting of the fed-in short fiber roving 1 before main drafting are realized, and then the self-adaptive drafting process is realized without the need of motor driving for the passive lower roller and without the need of gear connection transmission between the passive lower roller and the active lower roller, the overall structure of the spinning frame is simplified, and the production cost is saved.

[0020] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application relates to a self-adaptive drafting spinning method, which adopts a self-adaptive drafting spinning device, as shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1 The drafting system comprises three rows of drafting rollers: a rear drafting roller pair, a middle drafting roller pair and a front drafting roller pair. The rear drafting roller pair comprises a rear lower roller 2 and a rear upper rubber-covered roller 3. The middle drafting roller pair comprises a middle lower roller 4 and a middle upper rubber-covered roller 5. The front drafting roller pair comprises a front lower roller 6 and a front upper rubber-covered roller 7. One of the middle lower roller 4 or the rear lower roller 2 is a passive lower roller. The remaining rear lower roller 2, front lower roller 6 or middle lower roller 4, front lower roller 6 are active lower rollers. The passive lower roller comprises a passive roller shaft 8. The passive roller shaft 8 is made of iron or steel. The passive roller shaft 8 is a solid cylindrical structure. The roller shafts of the passive lower rollers of all spindles on the front bed of the spinning frame are integrally connected. The roller shafts of the passive lower rollers of all spindles on the rear bed of the spinning frame are integrally connected. A passive roller sleeve 9 is sleeved on the passive roller shaft 8. The passive roller sleeve 9 is made of iron or steel. The passive roller sleeve 9 is a cylindrical hollow structure with open ends. The passive roller sleeve 9 is sleeved on the passive roller shaft 8. The passive roller sleeve 9 and the passive roller shaft 8 are connected through a lower connecting bearing 10, so that the passive roller sleeve 9 can freely rotate around the passive roller shaft 8. The passive roller sleeves 9 between adjacent two spindles maintain a certain spacing,

[0021] The active lower roller comprises an active roller shaft 11. The active roller shaft 11 is made of iron or steel. The active roller shaft 11 is a solid cylindrical structure. The roller shafts of the active lower rollers of 8 spindles on the front bed of the spinning frame are integrally connected. The roller shafts of the active lower rollers of 8 spindles on the rear bed of the spinning frame are integrally connected. The roller shafts of adjacent two active lower rollers are drivingly connected through a roller seat. An active roller sleeve 12 is sleeved on the active roller shaft 11. The active roller sleeve 12 is made of iron or steel. The active roller sleeve 12 is a cylindrical hollow structure with open ends. The active roller sleeve 12 is sleeved on the active roller shaft 11. The active roller sleeve 12 and the active roller shaft 11 are integrally fixedly connected, so that the active roller sleeve 12 and the active roller shaft 11 keep synchronous rotation. The active roller sleeves 12 between adjacent two spindles maintain a certain spacing,

[0022] The rear top glue roller 3, the middle top glue roller 5 and the front top glue roller 7 are the same in structure, the rear top glue roller 3, the middle top glue roller 5 and the front top glue roller 7 comprise glue roller shafts 13, the glue roller shafts 13 are made of iron or steel, the glue roller shafts 13 are solid cylindrical structures, one spindle position of the front car platform of the spinning machine and one adjacent spindle position on the left side or the right side form a spindle position group, one spindle position of the rear car platform of the spinning machine and one adjacent spindle position on the left side or the right side form a spindle position group, the glue roller shafts 13 of the rear top glue roller 3 of the two spindle positions of each spindle position group of the front car platform of the spinning machine are integrally connected, the glue roller shafts 13 of the middle top glue roller 5 are integrally connected, the glue roller shafts 13 of the front top glue roller 7 are integrally connected, the glue roller shafts 13 of the rear top glue roller 3 of the two spindle positions in one spindle position group are kept at a certain distance, the glue roller sleeve 14 is sleeved on the glue roller shaft 13, the glue roller sleeve 14 is made of rubber, the glue roller sleeve 14 is connected with the glue roller shaft 13 through the lower connecting bearing 10, so that the glue roller sleeve 14 can rotate freely around the glue roller shaft 13, and the glue roller shaft 13 between the glue roller sleeves 14 of the rear top glue roller 3 between the two spindle positions in one spindle position group is embedded in the rear embedded grab of the pressing assembly, so as to realize the installation of the rear top glue roller 3 on the pressing assembly, the glue roller sleeves 14 of the middle top glue roller 5 between the two spindle positions in one spindle position group are kept at a certain distance, and the glue roller shaft 13 between the glue roller sleeves 14 of the middle top glue roller 5 between the two spindle positions in one spindle position group is embedded in the middle embedded grab of the pressing assembly, so as to realize the installation of the middle top glue roller 5 on the pressing assembly, the glue roller sleeves 14 of the front top glue roller 7 between the two spindle positions in one spindle position group are kept at a certain distance, and the glue roller shaft 13 between the glue roller sleeves 14 of the front top glue roller 7 between the two spindle positions in one spindle position group is embedded in the front embedded grab of the pressing assembly, so as to realize the installation of the front top glue roller 7 on the pressing assembly, the driving roller shaft 11 of the driving lower roller is driven to rotate by the first servo motor 15 and the second servo motor 16 respectively, and the first servo motor 15 and the second servo motor 16 are connected with the programmable logic controller 17.

[0023] The application also relates to a self-adaptive drafting spinning method, wherein when in use, the pressure assembly is pressed down, so that the rubber sleeve 14 of the rear upper rubber-covered roller 3 is in close contact with the roller sleeve of the rear lower roller 2, then a rear pressing holding nip is formed between the rubber sleeve 14 of the rear upper rubber-covered roller 3 and the roller sleeve of the rear lower roller 2, and the rear pressing holding nip keeps a certain pressing holding force, the rubber sleeve 14 of the middle upper rubber-covered roller 5 is in close contact with the roller sleeve of the middle lower roller 4, then a middle pressing holding nip is formed between the rubber sleeve 14 of the middle upper rubber-covered roller 5 and the roller sleeve of the middle lower roller 4, and the middle pressing holding nip keeps a certain pressing holding force, the rubber sleeve 14 of the front upper rubber-covered roller 7 is in close contact with the roller sleeve of the front lower roller 6, then a front pressing holding nip is formed between the rubber sleeve 14 of the front upper rubber-covered roller 7 and the roller sleeve of the front lower roller 6, and the front pressing holding nip keeps a certain pressing holding force,

[0024] When the middle lower roller 4 is selected as the passive lower roller, the corresponding rear lower roller 2 and front lower roller 6 are active lower rollers. The first servo motor 15 drives the roller shaft of the rear lower roller 2 to rotate, and in turn drives the rubber roller sleeve 14 of the rear upper rubber roller 3 in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the rear pressing holding jaw is changed into a rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The second servo motor 16 drives the roller shaft of the front lower roller 6 to rotate, and in turn drives the rubber roller sleeve 14 of the front upper rubber roller 7 in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the front pressing holding jaw is changed into a front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The rotational speed of the second servo motor 16 is greater than that of the first servo motor 15. At this time, the middle lower roller 4 is in a stationary state, and the corresponding middle upper rubber roller 5 is also in a stationary state, so that the middle pressing holding jaw remains in the original state. The short fiber roving 1 unwound from the roving tube successively passes through the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, the middle pressing holding jaw, and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, so as to complete the drafting process in the drafting system. In this process, in the initial stage, the short fiber roving 1 is first held by the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and continuously conveyed into the drafting system at a certain speed, and finally held by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and continuously output from the drafting system at a certain speed. When the short fiber roving 1 passes through the middle pressing holding jaw in the initial stage, the head end of the short fiber roving 1 is first held by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and actively continuously output from the drafting system at a certain speed. Due to the holding force of the middle pressing holding jaw on the short fiber roving 1, the forward conveying short fiber roving 1 generates a forward driving force on the middle pressing holding jaw in a stationary state. When the generated forward driving force is greater than the pressing holding passive driving resistance of the middle pressing holding jaw, the middle pressing holding jaw changes from a stationary state to a motion state. The pressing holding passive driving resistance of the middle pressing holding jaw is determined by the friction resistance between the rubber roller sleeve 14 of the middle upper rubber roller 5 and the rubber roller shaft 13, the friction resistance between the roller sleeve of the middle lower roller 4 and the roller shaft, and the pressing force between the rubber roller sleeve 14 of the middle upper rubber roller 5 and the roller sleeve of the middle lower roller 4. The conveying speed of the middle pressing holding jaw continuously increases. When the difference between the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding jaw and that of the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw generates a first drafting force on the short fiber roving 1, and the size of the first drafting force is determined by the pressing holding passive driving resistance of the middle pressing holding jaw, the middle pressing holding jaw is conveyed at a first steady speed in the front drafting zone between the middle pressing holding jaw and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The first steady speed is determined by the pressing holding passive driving resistance of the middle pressing holding jaw and the conveying speed of the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The first steady speed is greater than the conveying speed of the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw.Meanwhile, the tail end of the short fiber roving 1 is continuously and actively fed forward in the drafting system by the rear pressing holding active continuous feeding nipper, and at this time, the first steady speed of the middle pressing holding nipper is greater than the feeding speed of the rear pressing holding active continuous feeding nipper, so that the second drafting force generated by the difference between the feeding speed of the middle pressing holding nipper and the feeding speed of the rear pressing holding active continuous feeding nipper on the short fiber roving 1 in the rear drafting zone between the rear pressing holding active continuous feeding nipper and the middle pressing holding nipper, under the action of the second drafting force, the speed of the middle pressing holding nipper is reduced, and in the process of dynamic balance, the middle pressing holding nipper is finally fed at the second steady speed in the drafting system, and the second steady speed is determined by the first steady speed and the feeding speed of the rear pressing holding active continuous feeding nipper, so that the middle pressing holding nipper is finally changed into a middle pressing holding passive continuous feeding nipper, and at this time, the short fiber roving 1 is drafted by the third drafting force generated by the difference between the feeding speed of the front pressing holding active continuous feeding nipper and the feeding speed of the middle pressing holding passive continuous feeding nipper in the rear drafting zone, and is drafted by the sum of the first drafting force and the third drafting force in the front drafting zone, so that the short fiber roving 1 obtains the first short fiber strip with reduced linear density under the drafting action of the third drafting force in the rear drafting zone, and the first short fiber strip obtains the first short fiber flock with reduced linear density under the drafting action of the sum of the first drafting force and the third drafting force in the front drafting zone, so that the total drafting between the rear drafting roller pair and the front drafting roller pair is adaptively distributed into the rear drafting zone between the rear drafting roller pair and the middle drafting roller pair, the front drafting zone between the middle drafting roller pair and the front drafting roller pair, and the adaptive adjustment of the drafting multiple distribution in the drafting process is realized.

[0025] When the back lower roller 2 is selected as the passive lower roller, the corresponding middle lower roller 4 and the front lower roller 6 are active lower rollers. The first servo motor 15 drives the roller shaft of the middle lower roller 4 to rotate, and in turn drives the rubber roller sleeve 14 of the middle upper rubber roller 5 in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the middle pressing holding jaw is changed into a middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The second servo motor 16 drives the roller shaft of the front lower roller 6 to rotate, and in turn drives the rubber roller sleeve 14 of the front upper rubber roller 7 in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the front pressing holding jaw is changed into a front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The rotational speed of the second servo motor 16 is greater than that of the first servo motor 15. At this time, the back lower roller 2 is in a stationary state, and the corresponding back upper rubber roller 3 is also in a stationary state, so that the back pressing holding jaw remains in the original state. The short fiber roving 1 unwound from the roving tube passes through the back pressing holding jaw, the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw in turn, so as to complete the drafting process in the drafting system. In this process, in the initial stage, the short fiber roving 1 is held by the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw after passing through the back pressing holding jaw in the initial stage, and is continuously conveyed into the drafting system at a certain speed. Finally, the short fiber roving 1 is held by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and is continuously output from the drafting system at a certain speed. When the short fiber roving 1 passes through the back pressing holding jaw in the initial stage, the head end of the short fiber roving 1 in the back drafting zone of the drafting system is held by the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and is actively and continuously conveyed forward at a certain speed. Due to the holding force of the back pressing holding jaw on the short fiber roving 1, the forward-conveyed short fiber roving 1 generates a forward driving force on the back pressing holding jaw in a stationary state. When the generated forward driving force is greater than the pressing holding passive driving resistance of the back pressing holding jaw, the back pressing holding jaw changes from the stationary state to the motion state. The pressing holding passive driving resistance of the back pressing holding jaw is determined by the friction resistance between the rubber roller sleeve 14 of the back upper rubber roller 3 and the rubber roller shaft 13, the friction resistance between the roller sleeve of the back lower roller 2 and the roller shaft, and the pressing force between the rubber roller sleeve 14 of the back upper rubber roller 3 and the roller sleeve of the back lower roller 2. The conveying speed of the back pressing holding jaw is continuously increased. When the difference between the conveying speed of the back pressing holding jaw and the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw generates a fourth drafting force on the short fiber roving 1, the back pressing holding jaw is conveyed at a third steady speed in the arrangement and drafting zone between the back pressing holding jaw and the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The third steady speed is determined by the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and the pressing holding passive driving resistance of the back pressing holding jaw. The back pressing holding jaw is changed into a back pressing holding passive continuous conveying jaw.Thus, the short fiber roving 1 obtains the second short fiber strip with reduced linear density under the fourth draft force in the arrangement draft zone between the post-pressing holding passive continuous conveying nipper and the middle-pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper, realizing the self-adapting arrangement draft of the fed roving before the main draft. In the main draft zone between the middle-pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper and the front-pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper, the second short fiber strip obtains the second short fiber fluff with reduced linear density under the fifth draft force generated by the difference between the conveying speed of the middle-pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper and the conveying speed of the front-pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper.

[0026] The first short fiber fluff or the second short fiber fluff output by the draft system is twisted to obtain the final yarn under the action of the twisting twist transferred from the spinning frame twisting system, and the yarn is wound on the yarn tube 21 in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In this process, the main motor drives all spindles to rotate through the spindle belt, and in turn drives the yarn tube 21 to rotate. The yarn tube 21 rotates in turn to drive the yarn to pass through the guide hook 18 and the ring 19 in turn and wind on the yarn tube 21, so that the ring 19 rotates around the ring traveler 20. At this time, since the yarn is flexible in structure and due to the weight of the ring 19 itself, the winding speed of the yarn on the yarn tube 21 is less than the rotating speed of the yarn tube 21, and the speed difference between the two produces a twisting twist. The produced twisting twist is transferred from bottom to top, and when it reaches the twisting point, the first short fiber fluff or the second short fiber fluff is twisted to obtain the required yarn under the action of the twisting twist.

[0027] The above detailed description of the embodiments shown in the drawings illustrates the structure, features and effects of the present application. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings. Any changes or modifications made in accordance with the concept of the present application, or equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, shall be within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-adapting draft spinning method, characterized in that, Adopt self -adaptation draft spinning device, the self -adaptation draft spinning device includes draft system, the draft system includes three columns draft roller: back draft roller pair, middle draft roller pair, front draft roller pair, back draft roller pair includes back lower roller and back upper rubber roller, middle draft roller pair includes middle lower roller and middle upper rubber roller, front draft roller pair includes front lower roller and front upper rubber roller, one of middle lower roller or back lower roller is passive lower roller, the rest back lower roller, front lower roller or middle lower roller, front lower roller is driven lower roller, passive lower roller includes passive roller shaft and passive roller cover, the roller shaft of passive lower roller of all spindle positions of back car platform, front car platform of spinning frame is integrally connected, passive roller cover is worn on passive roller shaft through lower connecting bearing, driven lower roller includes driven roller shaft and driven roller cover, the roller shaft of driven lower roller of 8 spindle positions of front car platform of spinning frame is integrally connected, the roller shaft of driven lower roller of 8 spindle positions of back car platform of spinning frame is integrally connected, the roller shaft of two adjacent driven lower rollers is connected through roller seat, driven roller cover is fixedly worn on driven roller shaft, the driven roller shaft of driven lower roller is driven to rotate by first servo motor, second servo motor respectively; When the middle lower roller is selected as the passive lower roller, the middle pressing holding nip between the stationary middle lower roller and the middle upper rubber roller is driven by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nip between the rotating front lower roller and the front upper rubber roller to rotate at a first steady speed, and then is adaptively adjusted with the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying nip between the rotating back lower roller and the back upper rubber roller to rotate at a second steady speed, so that the total draft between the back draft roller pair and the front draft roller pair is adaptively distributed into the back draft zone between the back draft roller pair and the middle draft roller pair, and the front draft zone between the middle draft roller pair and the front draft roller pair, to realize adaptive adjustment of draft ratio distribution in the drafting process. When the back lower roller is selected as the passive lower roller, the rear pressing holding nip between the stationary back lower roller and the back upper rubber roller is driven by the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying nip between the rotating middle lower roller and the middle upper rubber roller to rotate at a third steady speed, to form a finishing draft zone between the rear pressing holding passive continuous conveying nip and the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying nip, to realize adaptive finishing draft of the fed-in roving before main drafting, and to form a main drafting zone between the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying nip and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nip, so that the short fiber roving is subjected to the main drafting action of the main drafting zone to obtain a short fiber top with reduced linear density.

2. The self-adapting draft spinning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The passive roller cover is made of iron or steel material, and the driven roller cover is made of iron or steel material.

3. The self-adapting draft spinning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first servo motor and the second servo motor are connected with a programmable logic controller.

4. The self-adapting draft spinning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear top rubber roller, the middle top rubber roller and the front top rubber roller are the same in structure and are arranged on the pressing assembly.

5. The self-adapting draft spinning method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the pressing assembly is pressed down, the rubber roller sleeve of the rear top rubber roller and the roller sleeve of the rear bottom roller are in close pressing contact, a rear pressing holding nip is formed between the rubber roller sleeve of the rear top rubber roller and the roller sleeve of the rear bottom roller, and the rear pressing holding nip maintains a certain pressing holding force; the rubber roller sleeve of the middle top rubber roller and the roller sleeve of the middle bottom roller are in close pressing contact, a middle pressing holding nip is formed between the rubber roller sleeve of the middle top rubber roller and the roller sleeve of the middle bottom roller, and the middle pressing holding nip maintains a certain pressing holding force; and the rubber roller sleeve of the front top rubber roller and the roller sleeve of the front bottom roller are in close pressing contact, a front pressing holding nip is formed between the rubber roller sleeve of the front top rubber roller and the roller sleeve of the front bottom roller, and the front pressing holding nip maintains a certain pressing holding force.

6. The self-adapting draft spinning method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the middle lower roller is selected as a passive lower roller, the corresponding rear lower roller and front lower roller are active lower rollers. The first servo motor drives the roller shaft of the rear lower roller to rotate, drives the rubber roller sleeve of the rear upper rubber roller in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the rear pressing holding jaw is changed into a rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The second servo motor drives the roller shaft of the front lower roller to rotate, drives the rubber roller sleeve of the front upper rubber roller in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the front pressing holding jaw is changed into a front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The rotating speed of the second servo motor is greater than that of the first servo motor. At this time, the middle lower roller is in a stationary state, and the corresponding middle upper rubber roller is also in a stationary state, so that the middle pressing holding jaw remains in the original state. The short fiber roving unwound from the roving tube successively passes through the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, the middle pressing holding jaw and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, and the drawing process in the drawing system is completed. In this process, in the initial stage, the short fiber roving is first held by the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and continuously conveyed into the drawing system at a certain speed, and finally held by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and continuously output from the drawing system at a certain speed. When the short fiber roving passes through the middle pressing holding jaw in the initial stage, the head end of the short fiber roving is first held by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and actively and continuously output from the drawing system at a certain speed. Due to the holding force of the middle pressing holding jaw on the short fiber roving, the forward conveying short fiber roving generates a forward driving force on the middle pressing holding jaw in a stationary state. When the forward driving force is greater than the passive driving resistance of the middle pressing holding jaw, the middle pressing holding jaw starts to change from a stationary state to a motion state, and the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding jaw continuously increases. When the difference between the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding jaw and the conveying speed of the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw generates a first drawing force on the short fiber roving equal to the passive driving resistance of the middle pressing holding jaw, the middle pressing holding jaw is conveyed at a first steady speed in the front drawing zone between the middle pressing holding jaw and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, and the first steady speed is greater than the conveying speed of the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. At the same time, in the drawing system, the tail end of the short fiber roving is held by the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and actively and continuously input into the drawing system at a certain speed. At this time, because the first steady speed of the middle pressing holding jaw is greater than the conveying speed of the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, in the rear drawing zone between the rear pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and the middle pressing holding jaw,The second draft force generated by the difference between the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding nipper and the conveying speed of the back pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper on the short fiber roving, under the action of the second draft force, the speed of the middle pressing holding nipper is reduced, in the process of dynamic balance, the middle pressing holding nipper is finally conveyed at a second steady state speed in the draft system, and finally the middle pressing holding nipper is converted into a middle pressing holding passive continuous conveying nipper, and at this time, the short fiber roving is subjected to the third draft force generated by the difference between the conveying speed of the front pressing holding active continuous conveying nipper and the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding passive continuous conveying nipper in the back draft zone, and is subjected to the draft force of the sum of the first draft force and the third draft force in the front draft zone, so that the short fiber roving obtains a first short fiber strip with reduced linear density under the draft action of the third draft force in the back draft zone, the first short fiber strip is subjected to the draft force of the sum of the first draft force and the third draft force in the front draft zone, and a first short fiber fluff strip with reduced linear density is obtained, the total draft of the back draft roller pair and the front draft roller pair is distributed into the back draft zone between the back draft roller pair and the middle draft roller pair, the front draft zone between the middle draft roller pair and the front draft roller pair, and the adaptive adjustment of the draft ratio distribution in the draft process is realized.

7. The self-adapting draft spinning method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the rear lower roller is selected as a passive lower roller, the corresponding middle lower roller and the front lower roller are active lower rollers. The first servo motor drives the roller shaft of the middle lower roller to rotate, and drives the rubber roller sleeve of the middle upper rubber roller in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the middle pressing holding jaw is changed into a middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The second servo motor drives the roller shaft of the front lower roller to rotate, and drives the rubber roller sleeve of the front upper rubber roller in close pressing contact to rotate, so that the front pressing holding jaw is changed into a front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw. The rotational speed of the second servo motor is greater than that of the first servo motor. At this time, the rear lower roller is in a stationary state, and the corresponding rear upper rubber roller is also in a stationary state, so that the rear pressing holding jaw remains in the original state. The short fiber roving unwound from the roving tube passes through the rear pressing holding jaw, the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw in sequence, so as to complete the drafting process in the drafting system. In this process, in the initial stage, the short fiber roving is held by the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw after passing through the rear pressing holding jaw in the initial stage in a stationary state, and is continuously conveyed into the drafting system at a certain speed. Finally, the short fiber roving is held by the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and is continuously output from the drafting system at a certain speed. When the short fiber roving passes through the rear pressing holding jaw in the initial stage in a stationary state, the head end of the short fiber roving in the rear drafting zone of the drafting system is held by the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and is actively and continuously conveyed forward at a certain speed. Due to the holding force of the rear pressing holding jaw on the short fiber roving, the forwardly conveyed short fiber roving generates a forward driving force on the rear pressing holding jaw in a stationary state. When the forward driving force is greater than the passive driving resistance of the rear pressing holding jaw, the rear pressing holding jaw starts to change from a stationary state to a motion state, and the conveying speed of the rear pressing holding jaw continuously increases. When the difference between the conveying speed of the rear pressing holding jaw and the conveying speed of the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw generates a fourth drafting force on the short fiber roving equal to the passive driving resistance of the rear pressing holding jaw, the rear pressing holding jaw is conveyed at a third steady speed in the arrangement drafting zone between the rear pressing holding jaw and the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, so that the rear pressing holding jaw changes into a rear pressing holding passive continuous conveying jaw. Therefore, in the arrangement drafting zone between the rear pressing holding passive continuous conveying jaw and the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw, the short fiber roving obtains a second short fiber strip with reduced linear density under the drafting action of the fourth drafting force, so as to realize self-adaptive arrangement drafting of the fed roving before main drafting. In the main drafting zone between the middle pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw and the front pressing holding active continuous conveying jaw,The second short fiber strip is obtained by the second short fiber strip being pressed and held by the second pressing and holding active continuous conveying nip at a conveying speed which is different from the conveying speed of the first pressing and holding active continuous conveying nip, and the second short fiber strip has a reduced linear density under the action of a fifth draft force generated by the difference between the conveying speed of the second pressing and holding active continuous conveying nip and the conveying speed of the first pressing and holding active continuous conveying nip.

8. The self-adapting draft spinning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active roller sleeves between two adjacent spindles maintain a certain spacing.

9. The self-adapting draft spinning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear top rubber roller, the middle top rubber roller and the front top rubber roller are the same in structure, and each comprises a rubber roller shaft made of iron or steel and in a solid cylindrical structure; one spindle and one adjacent spindle on the left or right of the front table of the spinning machine form a spindle group, one spindle and one adjacent spindle on the left or right of the rear table of the spinning machine form a spindle group, the rubber roller shafts of the two spindles of each spindle group of the front table of the spinning machine are integrally connected, the rubber roller shafts of the two spindles of each spindle group of the rear table of the spinning machine are integrally connected, a rubber roller sleeve is sleeved on each rubber roller shaft, the rubber roller sleeve is made of rubber, and the rubber roller sleeve is connected to the rubber roller shaft through a lower connecting bearing; the rubber roller sleeves of the two spindles in one spindle group maintain a certain spacing, and the rubber roller shafts between the rubber roller sleeves of the two spindles in one spindle group are embedded in the rear embedding grip of the pressing assembly; the rubber roller sleeves of the two spindles in one spindle group maintain a certain spacing, and the rubber roller shafts between the rubber roller sleeves of the two spindles in one spindle group are embedded in the middle embedding grip of the pressing assembly; and the rubber roller sleeves of the two spindles in one spindle group maintain a certain spacing, and the rubber roller shafts between the rubber roller sleeves of the two spindles in one spindle group are embedded in the front embedding grip of the pressing assembly.

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