Rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect and using method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a rubber fender with an adjustable anti-collision effect and a using method, and relates to the field of port engineering. Comprising a rubber ring, a protective cover and a buffer mechanism, the protecting cover is connected with the rubber ring, and the buffering mechanism is arranged in the rubber ring; the buffering mechanism comprises a rubber shell, two first one-way valves, two pipe bodies and an electromagnetic valve. The two sides of the rubber shell are connected with the two first one-way valves respectively, the two first one-way valves are connected with the two pipe bodies respectively, the pipe body on one side is connected with the electromagnetic valve, and air can enter from the pipe body on the other side and be injected into the rubber shell. If the air pressure in the rubber shell needs to be adjusted, air can be injected or exhausted through the pipe body and the first one-way valve, and a part of air in the rubber shell is exhausted through the electromagnetic valve, so that the purpose of adjusting the anti-collision effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of port engineering, and in particular to a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rubber fenders are a critical protective facility at docks, ports and other places where ships dock. Their main function is to cushion the impact between the ship and the dock when the ship docks, thus avoiding damage to the ship and dock facilities.

[0003] Traditional rubber fenders are usually fixed structures with a relatively simple anti-collision effect, which makes it difficult to flexibly adapt to the diverse needs of ship docking. There are significant differences in the size and characteristics of the impact force generated by ships of different types and sizes when docking. For example, large cargo ships generate huge impact force when docking due to their large weight and strong driving inertia; while the impact force of small cruise ships or fishing boats when docking is relatively small. When using rubber fenders with fixed anti-collision effects, for large ships, the impact force may not be effectively buffered due to insufficient anti-collision capabilities, resulting in damage to the ship and dock facilities; for small ships, excessive anti-collision force may cause the ship to shake greatly when docking, affecting the safety and stability of the docking, and even causing damage to small ships.

[0004] In summary, the existing rubber fenders have many limitations when facing different ships and complex use environments. How to adjust the anti-collision effect of the rubber fender so that it can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation of the ship and factors such as water level changes has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect and a method of use are provided to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect is provided.

[0007] The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect comprises a rubber ring, a protective cover and a buffer mechanism; the protective cover is connected to the rubber ring, and the buffer mechanism is arranged inside the rubber ring; The buffer mechanism comprises a rubber shell, two first one-way valves, two tube bodies and a solenoid valve; The two sides of the rubber shell are respectively connected to two first one-way valves, and the two first one-way valves are respectively connected to the two tubes. The tube on one side is connected to the solenoid valve, and air can enter from the tube on the other side and be injected into the rubber shell.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes side panels, back panels, limit blocks, floats, connecting plates, slide grooves, stop blocks and outer shells; the rubber ring is connected to the side panels, the side panels are connected to the connecting plates, the connecting plates are fitted with the outer shells, the connecting plates are connected to the stop blocks, the stop blocks are fitted with the inner wall of the outer shells, the slide grooves are opened on the outer shells, the slide grooves are slidably connected to the stop blocks, the outer shells are connected to the limit blocks, the limit blocks are slidably connected to the back panels, and the limit blocks are connected to the floats.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a housing and an adjustment mechanism; The shell is connected to the outer shell, the adjustment mechanism is arranged inside the shell and the outer shell, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the height of the rubber ring.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism comprises a worm, a handle, a worm wheel, a gear, a rack and a pad; The worm is rotatably connected to the housing, the worm is meshed with the worm wheel, the worm wheel is connected to the gear, the gear is meshed with the rack, the rack is connected to the pad, the pad is connected to the block, the worm is connected to the handle, and the gear is rotatably connected to the housing.

[0011] Preferably, the buffer mechanism further comprises a bracket, a switch and a bump; The bracket is connected to the housing, the bracket is connected to the switch, and the convex block connected to the pad is arranged above the switch.

[0012] Preferably, the gear is connected to an inflation mechanism via a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism limits the gear to only drive the inflation mechanism in one rotation direction to inflate air into the tube body on the other side.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting mechanism comprises a round shell, a pawl, a first spring and a ratchet; The round shell is rotationally connected to the gear, the round shell is rotationally connected to the pawl, the pawl and the inner wall of the round shell are respectively connected to the two ends of the first spring, and the pawl is clamped with the ratchet.

[0014] Preferably, the inflation mechanism comprises a main shaft, a cam, a main pipe, a branch pipe, a second one-way valve, a third one-way valve, an air cylinder, a round wheel, a piston, a partition, a limit rod, a block and a second spring; The main pipe and the air cylinder are both connected to the shell, the main pipe is communicated with the branch pipe, the branch pipe is connected to the air cylinder through the second one-way valve, the piston is slidably connected to the air cylinder, the third one-way valve is connected to the air cylinder, the piston is rotationally connected to the round wheel, the round wheel contacts the cam, the cam is connected to the ratchet through the main shaft, the piston is connected to the partition, the partition is connected to the limit rod, the limit rod passes through the block, the block is connected to the air cylinder, the second spring is sleeved on the limit rod, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the side of the block and the partition that are close to each other.

[0015] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for using a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect is provided.

[0016] The manufacturing method includes: installing the fender and fixing the backboard to the upright quay wall of the dock; To adjust the height of the fender, turn the handle, the handle drives the worm to rotate, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, the worm wheel drives the gear to rotate, the gear engages with the rack to move, the rack drives the pad to move up and down, the pad drives the block to move, the block drives the connecting plate to move, the connecting plate drives the side plate and the rubber ring to move up and down; To improve the anti-collision capability of the fender, the gear drives the main shaft to rotate through the limiting mechanism during the rotation process, and the main shaft drives the cam to rotate. When the cam rotates, the raised end on the cam contacts the round wheel on the piston, and the piston moves in the direction away from the cam. The piston injects the air inside the cylinder into the branch pipe through the third one-way valve, and the air in the branch pipe is injected into the rubber shell through the main pipe, a pipe body and a first one-way valve; Reset the anti-collision ability of the fender. When the anti-collision ability of the fender needs to be lowered, the pad needs to be adjusted to the lowest position. At this time, the protrusion on the pad contacts the switch, and the switch controls the solenoid valve to open. The air inside the rubber shell passes through another pipe body and another first one-way valve. Part of the air in the rubber shell is discharged from the solenoid valve, and then the handle can be turned to change the height of the rubber ring.

[0017] Preferably, the step of increasing the anti-collision capability of the fender further comprises: The gear drives the round shell to rotate, and the round shell drives the pawl to rotate. Only when the pawl rotates in a certain direction will it drive the ratchet to rotate, and the ratchet can further drive the inflation mechanism.

[0018] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. The present invention provides a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect. The rubber shell can buffer and disperse the impact force of the ship by its own elasticity, protecting the ship and the dock structure from damage. If the air pressure in the rubber shell needs to be adjusted, the gas can be injected or discharged through the pipe body and the first one-way valve, and a part of the air in the rubber shell can be discharged by the solenoid valve to achieve the purpose of adjusting the anti-collision effect.

[0019] It should be understood that the contents described in the summary of the invention are not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 An exploded view of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 An exploded view showing another perspective of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the connection structure of a buffer mechanism of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of a back plate and a limit block of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of a connecting plate and a stopper of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the connection structure of an adjustment mechanism of a rubber fender capable of adjusting the anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of a worm, a handle and a worm gear of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram showing the connection structure of a limiting mechanism of a rubber fender capable of adjusting the anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Fig.10 A schematic diagram showing the connection structure of an inflation mechanism of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of a partition, a second spring and a piston of a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] The reference numerals are as follows: 1- rubber ring, 10- float, 2- protective cover, 3- buffer mechanism, 301- rubber shell, 302- first one-way valve, 303- tube body, 304- solenoid valve, 305- bracket, 306- switch, 307- bump, 4- inflation mechanism, 401- cam, 402- main pipe, 403- branch pipe, 404- second one-way valve, 405- cylinder, 406- third one-way valve, 407- round wheel, 408- block, 409- limit rod, 410- partition, 4 11-second spring, 412-piston, 413-spindle, 5-adjusting mechanism, 501-worm, 502-handle, 503-worm wheel, 504-gear, 505-rack, 506-shim, 7-slide, 8-side plate, 9-limiting mechanism, 901-round shell, 902-pawl, 903-first spring, 904-ratchet, 11-housing, 12-housing, 14-connecting plate, 13-cross partition, 15-back plate, 16-limiting block, 17-stopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In addition, the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect includes a rubber ring 1, a protective cover 2 and a buffer mechanism 3. The protective cover 2 is connected to the rubber ring 1, and the rubber ring 1 itself has a certain anti-collision effect. The protective cover 2 is convenient for subsequent staff to check the internal situation of the rubber ring 1. The buffer mechanism 3 is arranged inside the rubber ring 1 to further provide the rubber ring 1 with a buffering and anti-collision ability.

[0025] The buffer mechanism 3 includes a rubber shell 301, two first one-way valves 302, two tubes 303 and a solenoid valve 304. The rubber shell 301 has good flexibility and elasticity, can effectively buffer energy when impacted, and can be inflated inside to improve the anti-collision effect. The two sides of the rubber shell 301 are respectively connected to the two first one-way valves 302. The two first one-way valves 302 ensure that the gas can only flow in a specific direction, that is, the air can only enter from the tube 303 on one side that is not connected to the solenoid valve 304, and enter the rubber shell 301 through the first one-way valve 302, and then the air can only be discharged from the tube 303 on the other side connected to the solenoid valve 304. The two first one-way valves 302 limit the direction of entry and discharge of air in the rubber shell 301. The two first one-way valves 302 are respectively connected to the two tubes 303, and one side of the tube 303 is connected to the solenoid valve 304.

[0026] Among them, the two first one-way valves 302 and the rubber shell 301 form a group, which can be composed of four groups in total. The four groups of two first one-way valves 302 and the rubber shell 301 are arranged inside the rubber ring 1 and divided by the cross partition 13. The cross partition 13 is connected to the inside of the rubber ring 1 and can withstand a certain pressure. By setting the cross partition 13, the four groups of two first one-way valves 302 and the rubber shell 301 can be limited to avoid the displacement of the rubber shell 301 after use, because once the rubber shell 301 is displaced, it may cause uneven buffering effect, thereby not affecting the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1.

[0027] In actual use, when a ship approaches the dock and is about to contact the rubber ring 1, the rubber ring 1 will first bear the impact force of the ship. At this time, the buffer mechanism 3 begins to work, and the rubber shell 301 can buffer and disperse the impact force of the ship by relying on its own elasticity, protecting the ship and the dock structure from damage. If it is necessary to adjust the air pressure in the rubber shell 301, the gas can be injected or discharged through the tube body 303 and the first one-way valve 302, and the solenoid valve 304 is used to discharge part of the air in the rubber shell 301, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the anti-collision effect.

[0028] In this embodiment, it also includes side plates 8, back plates 15, limit blocks 16, floats 10, connecting plates 14, chute 7, stop blocks 17 and shell 11. The rubber ring 1 is connected to the side plates 8, which are in turn connected to the connecting plates 14, ensuring the stability of the rubber ring 1 in the entire structure. The connecting plates 14 fit with the shell 11, and the connecting plates 14 are connected to the stop blocks 17, which fit with the inner wall of the shell 11, so that the stop blocks 17 can slide in the shell 11. The chute 7 is provided on the shell 11, and the chute 7 is slidably connected to the stop blocks 17, and the chute 7 provides a guide for the sliding of the stop blocks 17, ensuring the smooth movement of the stop blocks 17. The shell 11 is connected to the limit blocks 16, which are slidably connected to the back plates 15, and the limit blocks 16 are connected to the float 10.

[0029] In actual use, the float 10 will float up and down according to the change of water level. Since the limit block 16 is connected to the float 10, the limit block 16 will slide on the back plate 15 as the float 10 moves. When the water level rises, the float 10 floats upward, driving the limit block 16 to move upward, and then driving the rubber ring 1 to move upward through the shell 11, the stop block 17, the connecting plate 14 and the side plate 8, so as to always keep the rubber ring 1 at a suitable height to welcome the ship; when the water level drops, the rubber ring 1 will move down accordingly, so as to ensure that the rubber ring 1 can protect the ships approaching the shore at different water levels.

[0030] In this embodiment, a shell 12 and an adjusting mechanism 5 are also included. The shell 12 is connected to the outer shell 11 by welding to ensure the firmness of the connection between the shell 12 and the outer shell 11. The adjusting mechanism 5 is arranged inside the shell 12 and the outer shell 11, and the adjusting mechanism 5 is used to adjust the height of the rubber ring 1 to adapt to ships of different types and sizes.

[0031] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 5 includes a worm 501, a handle 502, a worm wheel 503, a gear 504, a rack 505 and a pad 506. The worm 501 is rotatably connected to the housing 12 through a bearing to ensure the flexibility of the worm 501. The worm 501 is meshedly connected to the worm wheel 503, and the worm wheel 503 is connected to the gear 504 through a key to ensure that the two rotate synchronously. The gear 504 is meshedly connected to the rack 505, the rack 505 is connected to the pad 506 by welding or bolts, the pad 506 is connected to the block 17, the worm 501 is connected to the handle 502 by a fastening nut, and the gear 504 is rotatably connected to the inner wall protrusion of the housing 12 through another set of bearings.

[0032] In actual use, the staff rotates the handle 502, and the handle 502 drives the worm 501 to rotate. Due to the meshing relationship between the worm 501 and the worm wheel 503, the worm wheel 503 starts to rotate. When the worm wheel 503 rotates, it drives the gear 504 connected to the worm wheel 503 to rotate. When the gear 504 rotates, it meshes with the rack 505 to move. The rack 505 drives the pad 506 to move up and down. The pad 506 drives the stopper 17 to move. The stopper 17 drives the connecting plate 14 to move. The connecting plate 14 drives the side plate 8 and the rubber ring 1 to move up and down, thereby realizing the height adjustment of the rubber ring 1.

[0033] In this embodiment, the buffer mechanism 3 further includes a bracket 305, a switch 306 and a bump 307. The bracket 305 is connected to the housing 12 by bolts, the bracket 305 is connected to the switch 306, and a bump 307 fixed to the pad 506 is provided above the switch 306. The contact position between the bump 307 and the switch 306 is the lowest position of the pad 506 when it is lifted or lowered.

[0034] In actual use, when the anti-collision capability of the fender needs to be lowered, in order to avoid the rubber shell 301 from being inflated, the rubber ring 1 is adjusted downward for a certain distance and then adjusted upward for a certain distance, and a certain amount of gas is filled in the rubber shell 301. The staff needs to adjust the rubber ring 1 to the lowest position, that is, the protrusion 307 contacts the switch 306, and then adjust it. The purpose is to open the solenoid valve 304, so that the air pressure inside the rubber shell 301 is the same as the air pressure in the environment, and then adjust the position of the rubber ring 1. Among them, after the switch 306 contacts the protrusion 307, the solenoid valve 304 is opened, and when the switch 306 is separated from the protrusion 307, the solenoid valve 304 is closed.

[0035] In this embodiment, the gear 504 is connected to the inflation mechanism 4 via the limiting mechanism 9 , and the limiting mechanism 9 limits the gear 504 to only drive the inflation mechanism 4 to inflate air into the tube body 303 on the other side in one rotation direction.

[0036] In actual use, when the gear 504 rotates under the action of the adjustment mechanism 5, the limiting mechanism 9 starts to work. If the gear 504 rotates in the allowed direction, the limiting mechanism 9 will transmit the rotation of the gear 504 to the inflation mechanism 4, so that the inflation mechanism 4 starts to work, and then inflates the rubber shell 301 to increase the anti-collision ability of the rubber ring 1; if the gear 504 rotates in the opposite direction, the limiting mechanism 9 will prevent the inflation mechanism 4 from working, avoiding the inflation operation of the rubber shell 301 when inflation is not needed, and ensuring the adjustment of the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, the limiting mechanism 9 includes a round shell 901, a pawl 902, a first spring 903 and a ratchet 904. The round shell 901 is rotatably connected to the gear 504 via a spline, the round shell 901 is rotatably connected to the pawl 902 via a pin, the pawl 902 and the inner wall of the round shell 901 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first spring 903, and the pawl 902 is engaged with the ratchet 904. For example, the worm 501 meshes with the worm wheel 503 and rotates clockwise. The worm wheel 503 drives the gear 504 to rotate clockwise during the clockwise rotation. The gear 504 indirectly drives the rubber ring 1 to move upward during the clockwise rotation. At the same time, the ratchet 902 can only drive the ratchet 904 to rotate when it rotates clockwise, thereby driving the inflation mechanism 4 to inflate. On the contrary, when the gear 504 rotates counterclockwise, the ratchet 902 cannot drive the ratchet 904 to rotate, thereby failing to drive the inflation mechanism 4 to inflate. Therefore, in the process of lowering the rubber ring 1, the rubber shell 301 will not be inflated to change the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1. The device realizes that the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1 is automatically increased when the rubber ring 1 is raised, and the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1 is automatically reduced when the rubber ring 1 is lowered, and naturally matches the actual contact position between large and small ships and the rubber fender. The staff can adjust the position of the rubber ring 1 according to the docked ships to ensure the normal docking of large-sized ships. At the same time, when docking small-sized ships, the ships will not shake widely due to the excessive anti-collision effect. It can adapt to the docking of ships of different sizes. In the actual port environment, the terminal may welcome ships of various types and sizes, from large container ships, bulk carriers to small fishing boats, cruise ships, etc. This device can adapt to such diverse ship docking needs, without the need to set up different protective facilities for different types of ships, thereby improving the versatility of terminal facilities. Whether it is a new terminal or an upgrade of an existing terminal, the installation of this device can improve the terminal's adaptability to various types of ships without changing the main structure of the terminal, so that it can better cope with the ever-changing shipping needs.

[0038] In actual use, when the staff turns the handle 502 to make the rubber ring 1 rise, the gear 504 rotates clockwise, and the round shell 901 rotates accordingly, and the round shell 901 drives the pawl 902 to rotate. Due to the action of the first spring 903, the pawl 902 is stuck on the ratchet 904, so when the pawl 902 rotates clockwise, it can drive the ratchet 904 to rotate. The ratchet 904 drives the inflation mechanism 4 to work through the connecting parts, and starts to inflate the rubber shell 301, thereby enhancing the anti-collision ability of the rubber ring 1. When the staff turns the handle 502 in the opposite direction to make the rubber ring 1 descend, the gear 504 rotates counterclockwise. At this time, the pawl 902 slides on the back of the teeth of the ratchet 904, and cannot drive the ratchet 904 to rotate, and the inflation mechanism 4 will not work. The anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1 is enhanced by injecting air into the rubber shell 301. The rubber ring 1 can buffer the impact force of large ships when docking by virtue of the higher air pressure and stronger elasticity of the internal rubber shell 301, reducing the risk of damage to the hull and structural deformation of the ship due to collision. At the same time, it also protects the dock facilities, such as preventing the mooring poles of the dock from being broken and the concrete structure at the edge of the dock from being cracked, thereby ensuring the safety of the ship and the dock. For small ships, if the traditional fixed anti-collision fender is used, the excessive anti-collision force will cause the small ship to shake violently when docking. This shaking will not only make the people on the ship feel uncomfortable, but may even cause people to fall and get injured, and may also cause the cargo on the ship to fall and be damaged due to shaking. When the device lowers the rubber ring 1, it will automatically discharge part of the air in the rubber shell 301, reduce the anti-collision effect, so that the impact force on the small ship when docking is just right, avoiding the large shaking caused by excessive anti-collision force, and ensuring the safety and stability of the docking of small ships.

[0039] In this embodiment, the inflation mechanism 4 includes a main shaft 413, a cam 401, a main pipe 402, a branch pipe 403, a second one-way valve 404, a third one-way valve 406, a cylinder 405, a round wheel 407, a piston 412, a partition 410, a limit rod 409, a block 408 and a second spring 411. The main pipe 402 and the cylinder 405 are both connected to the housing 12 by welding or bolts, the main pipe 402 is connected to the branch pipe 403, and the branch pipe 403 is connected to the cylinder 405 through the second one-way valve 404, ensuring that the gas can only flow from the cylinder 405 to the branch pipe 403. The piston 412 is slidably connected to the cylinder 405, and the third one-way valve 406 is connected to the cylinder 405, so that the outside air can only enter the cylinder 405 through the third one-way valve 406. The piston 412 is rotatably connected to the round wheel 407, the round wheel 407 contacts the cam 401, the cam 401 is connected to the ratchet 904 via the main shaft 413, and the main shaft 413 is rotatably connected to the housing 12 via a bearing. The piston 412 is connected to the partition 410, the partition 410 is connected to the limit rod 409, the limit rod 409 passes through the block 408, the block 408 is connected to the air cylinder 405, the second spring 411 is sleeved on the limit rod 409, and the two ends of the second spring 411 are respectively connected to the side of the block 408 and the partition 410 that are close to each other. Among them, the number of branch pipe 403, second one-way valve 404, third one-way valve 406, air cylinder 405, round wheel 407, piston 412, partition 410, limit rod 409, block 408 and second spring 411 can be multiple, and they are distributed in a ring-shaped and equidistant manner on the outer surface of cam 401. The user can set multiple branch pipes 403, second one-way valve 404, third one-way valve 406, air cylinder 405, round wheel 407, piston 412, partition 410, limit rod 409, block 408 and second spring 411 as needed, so as to increase the inflation speed of the rubber shell 301 by the inflation mechanism 4.

[0040] In actual use, when the ratchet wheel 904 rotates, the cam 401 is driven to rotate through the main shaft 413. During the rotation of the cam 401, the raised end of the cam 401 will periodically contact the round wheel 407 on the piston 412. When the raised end of the cam 401 contacts the round wheel 407, the piston 412 will be pushed to move in a direction away from the cam 401. When the piston 412 moves, the air inside the cylinder 405 is compressed and injected into the branch pipe 403 through the third one-way valve 406. The air in the branch pipe 403 is injected into the rubber shell 301 through the main pipe 402, a pipe body 303 and a first one-way valve 302. When the raised end of the cam 401 leaves the round wheel 407, the piston 412 will be reset under the action of the second spring 411. At this time, the outside air enters the cylinder 405 through the third one-way valve 406 to prepare for the next inflation. Since the multiple inflation mechanisms are equidistantly distributed in a ring shape on the outer side of the cam 401 , multiple pistons 412 will perform inflation operations in sequence during one rotation of the cam 401 , thereby increasing the inflation speed of the rubber shell 301 and enhancing the anti-collision capability of the rubber ring 1 .

[0041] In addition, another embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for using a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect, comprising the following steps: Install the fender, fix the back plate 15 on the upright quay wall of the dock, use high-strength expansion bolts or welding to ensure that the back plate 15 is firmly connected to the quay wall, and provide a stable support foundation for the entire rubber fender structure.

[0042] To adjust the height of the fender, turn the handle 502, the handle 502 drives the worm 501 to rotate, the worm 501 drives the worm wheel 503 to rotate during the rotation, the worm wheel 503 drives the gear 504 to rotate during the rotation, the gear 504 will mesh with the rack 505 to move during the rotation, the rack 505 drives the pad 506 to move up and down, the pad 506 drives the block 17 to move, the block 17 drives the connecting plate 14 to move, the connecting plate 14 drives the side plate 8 and the rubber ring 1 to move up and down. During the adjustment process, the staff can slowly turn the handle 502 according to the actual situation of the dock and the approximate size of the passing ships, and adjust the rubber ring 1 to a suitable position by observing the height change of the rubber ring 1.

[0043] To improve the anti-collision capability of the fender, the gear 504 drives the main shaft 413 to rotate through the limiting mechanism 9 during the rotation process, and the main shaft 413 drives the cam 401 to rotate. When the cam 401 rotates, the raised end on the cam 401 contacts the round wheel 407 on the piston 412, and the piston 412 moves in a direction away from the cam 401. The piston 412 injects the air inside the cylinder 405 into the branch pipe 403 through the third one-way valve 406, and the air in the branch pipe 403 is injected into the rubber shell 301 through the main pipe 402, a pipe body 303 and a first one-way valve 302. In this process, since the multiple inflation mechanisms 4 work together, the air pressure in the rubber shell 301 can be quickly increased, thereby enhancing the anti-collision capability of the rubber ring 1 to adapt to the greater impact force when a large ship docks.

[0044] Reset the anti-collision capability of the fender. When the anti-collision capability of the fender needs to be lowered, the pad 506 needs to be adjusted to the lowest position, that is, the protrusion 307 on the pad 506 contacts the switch 306, and the switch 306 controls the solenoid valve 304 to open. The air inside the rubber shell 301 passes through another tube body 303 and another first one-way valve, and finally is discharged from the solenoid valve 304. At this time, the air pressure inside the rubber shell 301 is the same as the air pressure in the environment. Then continue to operate the handle 502 to adjust the rubber ring 1 upward. When it is necessary to dock a small boat, by reducing the anti-collision capability of the rubber ring 1, the small boat is prevented from being subjected to excessive impact when docking, and the stability and safety of the boat docking are ensured. When it is necessary to lower the anti-collision capability of the fender, in order to avoid the situation of inflation in the rubber shell 301, the rubber ring 1 is adjusted to move downward for a distance and then adjusted upward for a distance. At this time, a certain amount of gas is filled in the rubber shell 301. The staff needs to adjust the rubber ring 1 to the lowest position, that is, the protrusion 307 on the pad 506 contacts the switch 306, and then make adjustments.

[0045] The steps to improve the anti-collision capability of the fender also include: The gear 504 drives the round shell 901 to rotate, and the round shell 901 drives the pawl 902 to rotate. Only when the pawl 902 rotates in a certain direction can it drive the ratchet 904 to rotate, and the ratchet 904 can further drive the inflation mechanism 4. In the process of raising the rubber ring 1, the gear 504 rotates clockwise, and the round shell 901 rotates accordingly. Under the action of the first spring 903, the pawl 902 is engaged with the ratchet 904, thereby driving the ratchet 904 to rotate, and then driving the inflation mechanism 4 to work, realizing the inflation operation of the rubber shell 301, and improving the anti-collision effect of the rubber ring 1.

[0046] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect, characterized in that: It comprises a rubber ring (1), a protective cover (2) and a buffer mechanism (3); the protective cover (2) is connected to the rubber ring (1), and the buffer mechanism (3) is arranged inside the rubber ring (1); The buffer mechanism (3) comprises a rubber shell (301), two first one-way valves (302), two tube bodies (303) and a solenoid valve (304); The two sides of the rubber shell (301) are respectively connected to the two first one-way valves (302), the two first one-way valves (302) are respectively connected to the two tube bodies (303), the tube body (303) on one side is connected to the solenoid valve (304), and air can enter from the tube body (303) on the other side and be injected into the rubber shell (301).

2. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a side plate (8), a back plate (15), a limit block (16), a float (10), a connecting plate (14), a slide groove (7), a stop block (17) and a shell (11); the rubber ring (1) is connected to the side plate (8), the side plate (8) is connected to the connecting plate (14), the connecting plate (14) is fitted with the shell (11), the connecting plate (14) is connected to the stop block (17), the stop block (17) is fitted with the inner wall of the shell (11), the slide groove (7) is opened on the shell (11), the slide groove (7) is slidably connected to the stop block (17), the shell (11) is connected to the limit block (16), the limit block (16) is slidably connected to the back plate (15), and the limit block (16) is connected to the float (10).

3. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a housing (12) and an adjustment mechanism (5); The shell (12) is connected to the outer shell (11); the adjustment mechanism (5) is arranged inside the shell (12) and the outer shell (11); the adjustment mechanism (5) is used to adjust the height of the rubber ring (1).

4. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (5) comprises a worm (501), a handle (502), a worm wheel (503), a gear (504), a rack (505) and a pad (506); The worm (501) is rotationally connected to the housing (12), the worm (501) is meshingly connected to the worm wheel (503), the worm wheel (503) is connected to the gear (504), the gear (504) is meshingly connected to the rack (505), the rack (505) is connected to the pad (506), the pad (506) is connected to the stopper (17), the worm (501) is connected to the handle (502), and the gear (504) is rotationally connected to the housing (12).

5. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (3) further comprises a bracket (305), a switch (306) and a protrusion (307); The bracket (305) is connected to the housing (12), the bracket (305) is connected to the switch (306), and the convex block (307) connected to the pad (506) is arranged above the switch (306).

6. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear (504) is connected to the inflation mechanism (4) via a limiting mechanism (9), and the limiting mechanism (9) limits the gear (504) to only one rotation direction to drive the inflation mechanism (4) to inflate the tube (303) on the other side.

7. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (9) comprises a round shell (901), a ratchet pawl (902), a first spring (903) and a ratchet wheel (904); The circular shell (901) is rotatably connected to the gear (504), the circular shell (901) is rotatably connected to the pawl (902), the pawl (902) and the inner wall of the circular shell (901) are respectively connected to the two ends of the first spring (903), and the pawl (902) is engaged with the ratchet (904).

8. The rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inflation mechanism (4) comprises a main shaft (413), a cam (401), a main pipe (402), a branch pipe (403), a second one-way valve (404), a third one-way valve (406), an air cylinder (405), a round wheel (407), a piston (412), a partition (410), a limit rod (409), a block (408) and a second spring (411); The main pipe (402) and the gas cylinder (405) are both connected to the housing (12); the main pipe (402) is in communication with the branch pipe (403); the branch pipe (403) is connected to the gas cylinder (405) via the second one-way valve (404); the piston (412) is slidably connected to the gas cylinder (405); the third one-way valve (406) is connected to the gas cylinder (405); the piston (412) is rotatably connected to the round wheel (407); the round wheel (407) is in contact with the cam (401); The cam (401) is connected to the ratchet (904) via the main shaft (413); the piston (412) is connected to the partition (410); the partition (410) is connected to the limit rod (409); the limit rod (409) passes through the block (408); the block (408) is connected to the air cylinder (405); the second spring (411) is sleeved on the limit rod (409); and two ends of the second spring (411) are respectively connected to the sides of the block (408) and the partition (410) that are close to each other.

9. A method for using a rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Install fenders and fix the back plate (15) to the upright quay wall of the pier; To adjust the height of the fender, the handle (502) is turned, the handle (502) drives the worm (501) to rotate, the worm (501) drives the worm wheel (503) to rotate during the rotation process, the worm wheel (503) drives the gear (504) to rotate during the rotation, the gear (504) meshes with the rack (505) to move during the rotation, the rack (505) drives the pad (506) to move up and down, the pad (506) drives the stopper (17) to move, the stopper (17) drives the connecting plate (14) to move, and the connecting plate (14) drives the side plate (8) and the rubber ring (1) to move up and down; To improve the anti-collision capability of the fender, the gear (504) drives the main shaft (413) to rotate through the limiting mechanism (9) during the rotation process, and the main shaft (413) drives the cam (401) to rotate. When the cam (401) rotates, the protruding end on the cam (401) contacts the round wheel (407) on the piston (412), and the piston (412) moves in a direction away from the cam (401). The piston (412) injects the air inside the air cylinder (405) into the branch pipe (403) through the third one-way valve (406), and the air in the branch pipe (403) is injected into the rubber shell (301) through the main pipe (402), a pipe body (303) and a first one-way valve (302); The anti-collision capability of the fender is reset. When the anti-collision capability of the fender needs to be lowered, the pad (506) needs to be adjusted to the lowest position. At this time, the protrusion (307) on the pad (506) contacts the switch (306). The switch (306) controls the solenoid valve (304) to open. The air inside the rubber shell (301) passes through another tube (303) and another first one-way valve (302). Part of the air in the rubber shell (301) is discharged from the solenoid valve (304). Then, the handle (502) can be turned to change the height of the rubber ring (1).

10. A method for using the rubber fender with adjustable anti-collision effect as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The steps to improve the anti-collision capability of the fender also include: The gear (504) drives the round shell (901) to rotate, and the round shell (901) drives the ratchet (902) to rotate. Only when the ratchet (902) rotates in a certain direction will it drive the ratchet (904) to rotate, and the ratchet (904) can further drive the inflation mechanism (4).

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