Separating type in-situ observation device capable of continuously penetrating and laying method of separating type in-situ observation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a separation type in-situ observation device capable of continuous penetration and a laying method thereof.The separation type in-situ observation device comprises a supporting system, a penetration system, a separator and a measuring unit, a double-layer penetration module is designed according to the forward and reverse tooth two-way ball screw transmission principle, and continuous laying of a probe rod can be achieved while high-precision penetration laying of the observation probe rod is completed; based on the transmission penetration principle of a ball screw, the requirement for the environment is extremely high, matching between a ball and a screw thread is extremely prone to being interfered by suspended sediment particles in seawater, a telescopic pipe is nested on the periphery of the forward and reverse thread bidirectional ball screw, the sediment particles in an environmental water body can be prevented from being attached to the ball screw, and penetration smoothness of the probe rod is guaranteed; the observation device is designed into an upper frame and a lower frame which are connected by an automatic separator, and the upper frame is separated after the device sits on the bottom and the probe rod penetrates and is arranged, so that the reliability of data and the safety of the device are greatly guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of offshore wind power equipment, and in particular to a continuously penetrable detachable in-situ observation device and a deployment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, frequent storm surge disasters have caused more and more serious damage to offshore wind farms, and offshore wind farm pile foundations are facing the threat of marine geological disasters such as scouring and liquefaction. The detection of engineering geological conditions in offshore wind farm areas and the long-term observation of seabed dynamic response are the key to ensuring the safe operation of offshore wind farms.

[0003] To date, the detection technology of engineering geological conditions of seabed sediments is mostly concentrated on static penetration testing (CPT). Static penetration testing has extremely high requirements for the penetration process of the CPT probe. It not only requires the CPT probe to penetrate at a constant speed, but also to maintain continuous penetration as much as possible. The traditional method based on friction wheel penetration or hydraulic penetration has the disadvantages of CPT probe slippage and inaccurate penetration stroke. In order to solve the above problems, Chinese patent CN 116558489 A discloses a penetration method based on electric drive screw spiral transmission, which uses the high precision, reversibility and high efficiency of screw transmission to achieve constant speed penetration of CPT. However, after completing a single stroke penetration, the probe rod clamping hand needs to be reset, resulting in a long pause and inability to penetrate continuously, which has a serious impact on the quality of CPT data. In addition, the penetration method based on screw drive is extremely susceptible to the attachment of sediment particles in seawater, which affects the meshing between the screw and the screw nut. The screw is exposed to the seawater environment, and the attached sediment particles can easily cause serious accidents such as jamming of the penetration process, failure to penetrate, and even damage to the screw.

[0004] The integration of short-term detection technology and long-term observation technology facilitates the prevention and control of geological disasters in offshore wind farms, that is, the CPT probe and the seabed dynamic response measurement sensor are integrated into a single sensing unit. After completing the detection of the engineering geological conditions in the site based on the CPT probe, the sensor is left inside the seabed and cooperates with other multi-type sensors to continue to monitor the dynamic response parameters of the seabed sediments. However, most offshore wind farms are built on muddy seabeds with poor bottom bearing capacity, and the support frame equipped with CPT probes often has the characteristics of heavy weight and complex structure. The long-term retention of the support frame on the seabed can easily lead to uneven settlement and turbulence of the equipment, which not only affects the quality of the observation data, but also seriously threatens the safety of the equipment. The design based on the reliable separation of the support frame and the sensor unit provides a new idea for the accurate detection and long-term safety observation of the seabed engineering geological conditions in the offshore wind farm area.

[0005] Based on the above situation, the present invention proposes a continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device and a deployment method thereof to effectively solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a detachable in-situ observation device that can be continuously penetrated and a deployment method thereof. The device has the characteristics of simple structure, large penetration depth, and small size. While realizing continuous and constant-speed penetration of the CPT probe, the main support frame is separated from the sensor unit to ensure the data quality of the sensor unit and the safety of the device.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A continuously penetrable separated in-situ observation device comprises a support system, a penetration system, a separator and a measuring unit, wherein the support system comprises an upper support frame, a lifting ring, a sand-proof net, an anti-collision strip, a middle cross brace, a lower support frame, an anti-settling plate, a top cross brace and a bottom cross brace, wherein the upper support frame is connected to the lower support frame through a separator, lifting rings are arranged at the four corners of the top of the upper support frame, the sand-proof net is fixed around the upper support frame, the top cross brace is arranged at the top of the upper support frame, the middle cross brace is arranged in the middle of the upper support frame, and the bottom cross brace is arranged at the bottom of the upper support frame; The penetration system includes a guide rod, a positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw, an upper clamping mechanism, a cross brace plate, a top angular contact bearing, an upper screw nut, a middle angular contact bearing, a lower clamping mechanism, a fixing plate, a straight bevel gear, a penetration motor, a bottom angular contact bearing, a lower screw nut, a first telescopic tube, a second telescopic tube, a third telescopic tube, a fourth telescopic tube, and a motor straight bevel gear. The upper end of the guide rod is arranged on the lower surface of the top cross brace, and the lower end is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom cross brace. The top angular contact bearing and the bottom angular contact bearing are respectively arranged on the lower surface of the top cross brace and the upper surface of the bottom cross brace. Two groups of positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screws are respectively located between two groups of identical top angular contact bearings and bottom angular contact bearings and mesh with the bearings. The upper screw nut and the lower screw nut move in opposite directions, the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw rotates clockwise, and the upper screw nut and the lower screw nut move towards each other. A straight bevel gear is arranged between the lower end of the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw and the top of the bottom angular contact bearing, and the straight bevel gear is meshed with the motor straight bevel gear.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism include a support plate, a first circular hole, a clamping motor, a clamping bearing, a clamping screw, a clamping screw nut, a clamping hand, an extended-range semi-cylinder, and a second circular hole. The upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism are used to clamp the rod body of the measuring unit. The clamping bearing is welded to the lower surface of the support plate, the clamping screw passes through the clamping bearing, and a clamping motor is welded to the end thereof. The clamping screw nut is ring-mounted on the clamping screw and is located between the two clamping bearings, and a semicircular clamping hand is welded to its lower end; the extended-range semi-cylinder is fixed to the lower end of the clamping hand by screws.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism are connected to the guide rod, the upper screw nut and the lower screw nut through the support plate, the support plate is sleeved on the four guide rods through the first circular hole, the support plates of the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism are respectively arranged on the outer surfaces of the upper screw nut and the lower screw nut through the second circular hole, the cross support plate and the support plate are both located between the upper clamping mechanism and the lower clamping mechanism, and are sleeved on the four guide rods through the first circular hole, the inner ring of the middle angular contact bearing is arranged in the middle position of the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw, the outer ring of the middle angular contact bearing is welded to the inner wall of the second circular hole of the cross support plate, the fixing plate is located at the bottom of the guide rod, the two ends are respectively sleeved and welded on the guide rod, and the middle is sleeved on the straight bevel gear at the bottom of the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw, which is used to fix the bottom end of the fourth telescopic tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer ring of the forward and reverse bidirectional ball screw is sleeved with a telescopic tube, and the telescopic tube includes a first telescopic tube, a second telescopic tube, a third telescopic tube and a fourth telescopic tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper end of the first telescopic tube is fixed to the outer ring of the top angular contact bearing, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the upper screw nut; the upper end of the second telescopic tube is fixed to the lower surface of the screw nut, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the middle angular contact bearing; the upper end of the second telescopic tube is fixed to the lower surface of the middle angular contact bearing, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the lower screw nut; the upper end of the fourth telescopic tube is fixed to the lower surface of the lower screw nut, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the telescopic tube includes a first telescopic tube, a second telescopic tube, a third telescopic tube, and a fourth telescopic tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the separator includes an upper support column, a lower support column, a latch, a spring, a latch hole, a square baffle, and a limit hole. The upper support column is arranged at the four corners of the bottom end of the upper support frame, and a latch hole is opened at the lower end of the upper support column. The lower support column is arranged at the four corners of the top end of the lower support frame. The upper support column and the lower support column are connected by a latch, and a square baffle is provided in the middle of the latch. A limit hole of the same size as the square baffle is opened on one side of the lower support column.

[0014] Furthermore, the measuring unit includes a probe rod body, an annular limit block, a CPT probe, and a data acquisition cabin. The top cylindrical body of the measuring unit is the data acquisition cabin, and the lower end is provided with a probe rod body. The probe rod body is provided with multiple annular limit blocks, and the bottom end of the probe rod body is connected to a CPT probe.

[0015] Furthermore, a method for placing a continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device comprises the following steps: Step 1: Prepare the deck: Use the penetration motor to synchronously drive the two forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screws to rotate counterclockwise to reset the upper and lower clamping mechanisms. Then use the clamping motor to drive the left and right clamping hands of the upper and lower clamping mechanisms respectively, so that the left and right clamping hands move toward each other and clamp the probe rod body of the measuring unit. The lower edge of the clamping hand is close to the upper surface of the annular limit block to fix the measuring unit. Step 2: Installation of the hoisting cable: Pass the cable of the ship-borne crane through the four lifting rings on the upper support frame, and insert the pins of the four separators into the pin holes along the limit holes respectively; lift the upper support frame, the friction between the pin and the upper support column in the lateral direction increases, and the pin will not pop out automatically when the pin is released; Step 3: Lowering and landing the device: Use a ship-borne crane to lower the device into the sea and land it on the seabed. The latch is no longer under tension. Under the action of the spring force, the latch falls off, and the upper support frame and the lower support frame are automatically separated. Step 4, penetration stroke 1: After the device is seated, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward along with the upper screw nut; at the same time, the lower clamping mechanism quickly releases the measuring unit and moves upward driven by the lower screw nut, that is, the lower clamping mechanism is reset, thus the first stage of penetration of the measuring unit is carried out; Step 5, penetration stroke 2: When the upper clamping mechanism moves to the lowest end of the forward thread, the upper clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit; at the same time, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse bidirectional ball screws to rotate counterclockwise, so that the upper clamping mechanism moves upward, that is, the upper clamping mechanism is reset, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward, thereby performing the second stage of penetration of the measuring unit; Step 6, penetration stroke 3: When the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward to the lowest end of the reverse thread, the lower clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit; Step 7, cyclic penetration stage: repeat steps 4, 5 and 6 in sequence to complete the continuous penetration of the measuring unit; Step 8, tail end penetration stage 1: When the measuring unit penetrates to a certain depth, that is, the data acquisition cabin of the measuring unit moves to the lower end of the positive thread, the upper clamping mechanism cannot clamp the rod body of the measuring unit, the clamping motor of the upper clamping mechanism stops working, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the uppermost end of the rod body of the measuring unit to continue to penetrate the measuring unit into the seabed; Step 9, tail end penetration stage 2: When the lower clamping mechanism moves to clamp the measuring unit and moves downward to the bottom of the reverse thread, the data acquisition cabin of the measuring unit still stays in the upper support frame; at this time, the penetration of the measuring unit stops, and the effective data recording of the CPT probe also stops. Then, the lower clamping mechanism releases the probe rod, and the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, and the lower clamping mechanism moves upward driven by the lower screw nut; Step 10, tail end penetration stage 3: When the bottom end of the extended-range semi-cylinder of the lower clamping mechanism moves to the top of the data acquisition cabin, the lower clamping mechanism is clamped, and the penetration motor rotates counterclockwise, so that the bottom of the extended-range semi-cylinder of the lower clamping mechanism is pressed on the upper surface of the data acquisition cabin, so that the measurement unit continues to penetrate. When the data acquisition cabin is completely moved into the lower support frame, the penetration motor stops moving, thereby completing the whole process of placing the measurement unit; Step 11, in-situ observation phase: The ship-borne crane lifts the upper support frame, and the upper support frame and penetration system are recovered to the deck, while the lower support system and measurement unit remain on the surface and inside of the seabed for long-term in-situ observation.

[0016] The present invention provides a continuous penetration separated in-situ observation device and a deployment method thereof: the difficulty that the observation probe rod cannot be continuously penetrated is solved, and a double-layer penetration module is designed by utilizing the transmission principle of a positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw, so that the observation probe rod can be deployed with high precision penetration and continuous deployment of the probe rod can be realized at the same time; (2) The problem of the ball screw being stuck or even unable to penetrate due to sand intrusion has been overcome. Based on the transmission penetration principle of the ball screw, the environment requirements are extremely high. The fit between the ball and the screw thread is easily disturbed by the suspended sand particles in the seawater. The telescopic tube is embedded in the outer periphery of the bidirectional ball screw with positive and negative threads to prevent the sand particles in the environmental water from adhering to the ball screw, thus ensuring the smooth penetration of the probe rod. (3) The problem of low data quality and poor device safety caused by the heavy weight and easy settlement of the observation device was solved. The observation device was designed to be composed of an upper frame and a lower frame, which were connected by an automatic separator in the middle. After the device was seated on the bottom and the probe was inserted and deployed, the upper frame was separated, which greatly ensured the reliability of the data and the safety of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a separate in-situ observation device capable of continuous penetration; Figure 2 It is a top view of a separate in-situ observation device capable of continuous penetration; Figure 3 This is the front view of the separated in-situ observation device that can be continuously penetrated; Figure 4 This is the main view of the penetration system; Figure 5It is a top view of the penetration system; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the penetration system; Figure 7 It is a detailed schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism; Figure 8 It is the three-dimensional intention of the clamping mechanism; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the separation state of the separator; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the separator in closed state; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of a positive and negative thread bidirectional ball screw and its accessories; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional ball screw with positive and negative teeth; Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the tail end penetration stage.

[0018] The numbers marked in the figure are represented as follows: 101: upper support frame, 102: lifting ring, 103: anti-sand net, 104: anti-collision strip, 105: middle cross brace, 106: lower support frame, 107: anti-settling plate, 108, top cross brace, 109: bottom cross brace, 201: guide rod, 202, positive and negative bidirectional ball screw, 2021: positive thread, 2022, reverse thread, 203: upper clamping mechanism, 2031: support plate, 2032: first circular hole, 2033: clamping motor, 2034: clamping bearing, 2035: clamping screw, 2036: clamping screw nut, 2037: clamping hand, 2038: range-extending semi-cylinder, 2039: second circular hole, 204: cross brace plate, 205: top angular contact bearing, 206: upper screw nut, 207: middle angular contact bearing, 208: lower clamping mechanism; 209: fixing plate, 210: straight bevel gear, 211: penetration motor, 212: bottom angular contact bearing, 213: lower screw nut, 214: first telescopic tube, 215: second telescopic tube, 216: third telescopic tube, 217: fourth telescopic tube, 218: motor straight bevel gear, 301: separator, 302: upper support column, 303: lower support column, 304: latch, 305: spring, 306: latch hole, 307: square stop bar, 308: limit hole, 401: probe rod body, 402: annular limit stopper, 403: CPT probe, 404: data acquisition cabin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] See attached Figure 1-13A continuous penetration separated in-situ observation device, characterized in that it includes a support system, a penetration system, a separator and a measuring unit. The support system includes an upper support frame 101, a lifting ring 102, a sand-proof net 103, an anti-collision strip 104, a middle cross brace 105, a lower support frame 106, an anti-settling plate 107, a top cross brace 108, and a bottom cross brace 109. The upper support frame 101 and the lower support frame 106 are used as the support frame of the separated in-situ observation device. They are welded by H-shaped stainless steel of 316L material, and have the characteristics of light weight and high strength. The two are connected by a separator 301. Four lifting rings 102 are welded to the top four corners of the upper support frame 101 as the lifting points of the separated in-situ observation device. Four sand-proof nets 103 of the same size are fixed around the upper support frame 101 to prevent large particles of sediment, organisms, fishing nets and other foreign objects from entering the penetration system. The anti-collision strip 104 is fixed on the H-shaped steel around the upper support frame 101 and the lower support frame 106 to cushion the bumps of the device during the lifting process. Two top cross braces 108 of the same size are welded to the H-steel at the top of the upper support frame 101, four middle cross braces 105 of the same size are welded to the H-steel in the middle of the upper support frame 101, and two bottom cross braces 109 of the same size are welded to the H-steel at the bottom of the upper support frame 101; among them, the top cross brace 108 and the bottom cross brace 109 are used to carry the penetration system, and the middle cross brace 105 is used to strengthen the strength of the upper support frame. Four anti-settling plates 107 of the same size are welded to the four sides of the H-steel at the bottom of the lower support frame 106 to prevent the settlement of the separate in-situ observation device during the deployment process.

[0021] The penetration system includes a guide rod 201, a positive and negative bidirectional ball screw 202, an upper clamping mechanism 203, a cross brace 204, a top angular contact bearing 205, an upper screw nut 206, a middle angular contact bearing 207, a lower clamping mechanism 208, a fixing plate 209, a straight bevel gear 210, a penetration motor 211, a bottom angular contact bearing 212, a lower screw nut 213, a first telescopic tube 214, a second telescopic tube 215, a third telescopic tube 216, a fourth telescopic tube 217, and a motor straight bevel gear 218. Among them, the upper ends of the four guide rods 201 of the same size are respectively welded to the lower surface of the top cross brace 108, and the lower ends are respectively welded to the upper surface of the bottom cross brace 109, which are used to guide the vertical movement of the upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 to ensure the vertical penetration of the measuring unit. Two sets of identical top angular contact bearings 205 and bottom angular contact bearings 212 are welded to the lower surface of the top cross brace 108 and the upper surface of the bottom cross brace 109 respectively, and are used to support and position the top and bottom of the positive and negative thread bidirectional ball screw 202. The forward and reverse bidirectional ball screw 202 is composed of a forward thread 2021 and a reverse thread 2022. The two groups of forward and reverse bidirectional ball screws 202 are respectively located between two groups of identical top angular contact bearings 205 and bottom angular contact bearings 212. The forward and reverse bidirectional ball screw 202 can rotate freely in the horizontal plane through the engagement between the screw rod body and the bearing; in addition, the forward thread 2021 and the reverse thread 2022 of the forward and reverse bidirectional ball screw 202 are respectively engaged with the upper screw nut 206 and the lower screw nut 213 on its surface, so that the two nuts can move in the vertical direction. When the forward and reverse bidirectional ball screw 202 rotates counterclockwise, the upper screw nut 206 and the lower screw nut 213 move in the opposite direction. When the forward and reverse bidirectional ball screw 202 rotates clockwise, the upper screw nut 206 and the lower screw nut 213 move towards each other. A straight bevel gear 210 is welded between the lower end of the forward and reverse bidirectional ball screw 202 and the top of the bottom angular contact bearing 212. The straight bevel gear 210 is meshed with another motor straight bevel gear 218 of the same size perpendicular to its axial direction. The penetration motor 211 drives the motor straight bevel gear 218 to realize the movement of the straight bevel gear 210 and the forward and reverse bidirectional ball screw 202.

[0022] The upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 include a support plate 2023, a first circular hole 2032, a clamping motor 2033, a clamping bearing 2034, a clamping screw 2035, a clamping screw nut 2036, a clamping hand 2037, a range-extending semi-cylinder 2038, and a second circular hole 2039, all of which are left-right symmetrical structures. The left and right components include a clamping motor 2033, a clamping bearing 2034, a clamping screw 2035, a clamping screw nut 2036, a clamping hand 2037, and a range-extending semi-cylinder 2038, and the above components are completely the same. The upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 are mainly used to clamp the rod body 401 of the measuring unit to provide a reaction force for the penetration of the measuring unit. Taking the left part of the above clamping mechanism 203 as an example, two identical clamping bearings 2034 are welded to the lower surface of the support plate 2023, the clamping screw 2035 passes through the two clamping bearings 2034, and the left end is welded with a clamping motor 2033, the clamping screw nut 2036 is sleeved on the clamping screw 2035 and is located between the two clamping bearings 2034, and a semicircular clamping hand 2037 is welded at its lower end; the extended-range semi-cylinder 2038 is fixed to the lower end of the clamping hand 2037 by screws, and when the data acquisition cabin 404 of the measuring unit penetrates to the bottom of the upper support frame 101, the penetration stroke of the measuring unit can be increased, that is, the data acquisition cabin 404 is pressed into the lower support frame 106 using the lower surface of the extended-range semi-cylinder 2038. Since the upper clamping mechanism 203 has a bilaterally symmetrical structural feature, the clamping motors 2033 at both ends simultaneously drive the clamping screws 2035 at both ends to rotate. Based on the screw transmission principle, the clamping screw nuts 2036 at the left and right ends drive the left and right clamping hands 2037 to move toward or in the opposite direction, thereby achieving the clamping and loosening of the measuring unit. When the clamping screw 2035 rotates counterclockwise, the left and right clamping hands 2037 move toward each other. When the clamping screw 2035 rotates clockwise, the left and right clamping hands 2037 move in the opposite direction. In addition, the travel of the clamping screw 2035 of the upper and lower clamping mechanisms 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208, the speed of the clamping motor 2033 is fast, and the time to complete the clamping and loosening is in the millisecond level, so the clamping and loosening time can be ignored.

[0023] The upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 are connected to the guide rod 201, the upper screw nut 206, and the lower screw nut 213 through the support plate 2023. The support plate 2023 is sleeved on the four guide rods 201 through four first circular holes of the same size. The support plates 2023 of the upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 are respectively welded to the outer surfaces of the upper screw nut 206 and the lower screw nut 213 through the second circular holes 2039, so as to realize the connection between the upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208 and the positive and negative teeth bidirectional ball screw 202, thereby driving the clamping mechanism to move up and down through the screw nut. The cross support plate 204 has the same structure as the support plate 2023, is located between the upper clamping mechanism 203 and the lower clamping mechanism 208, is in the middle position of the positive and negative teeth bidirectional ball screw 202, and is sleeved on the four guide rods 201 through four first circular holes of the same size. The inner ring of the middle angular contact bearing 207 is welded to the middle position of the positive and negative teeth bidirectional ball screw 202, and the outer ring of the middle angular contact bearing 207 is welded to the inner wall of the second circular hole 2039 of the cross brace plate 204, so as to realize the connection between the middle angular contact bearing 207 and the cross brace plate 204. Two fixing plates 209 of the same size and structure are located at the bottom of the four guide rods 201, and the two ends are respectively sleeved and welded on the two guide rods 201, and the middle is sleeved on the straight bevel gear 210 at the bottom of the positive and negative teeth bidirectional ball screw 202, so as to fix the bottom end of the fourth telescopic tube 217.

[0024] The outer ring of the single positive and negative thread bidirectional ball screw 202 is covered with four sets of telescopic tubes to prevent suspended sand particles from adhering to the screw thread. Among them, the upper end of the first telescopic tube 214 is fixed to the outer ring of the top angular contact bearing 205, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the upper screw nut 206; the upper end of the second telescopic tube 215 is fixed to the lower surface of the screw nut 206, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the middle angular contact bearing 207; the upper end of the third telescopic tube 216 is fixed to the lower surface of the middle angular contact bearing 207, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the lower screw nut 213; the upper end of the fourth telescopic tube 217 is fixed to the lower surface of the lower screw nut 213, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing plate 209; in this way, it is ensured that during the rotation of the positive and negative thread bidirectional ball screw 202, each telescopic tube does not rotate, but only telescopes vertically.

[0025] The telescopic tubes include a first telescopic tube 214 , a second telescopic tube 215 , a third telescopic tube 216 , and a fourth telescopic tube 217 .

[0026] The separator 301 is a key component for connecting the upper support frame 101 and the lower support frame 106, and includes an upper support column 302, a lower support column 303, a latch 304, a spring 305, a latch hole 306, a square stop bar 307, and a limit hole 308. Among them, four identical upper support columns 302 are welded to the four corners of the bottom end of the upper support frame 101, and a runway-shaped latch hole 306 is opened at the lower end of the upper support column 302. The lower support column 303 is welded to the four corners of the top end of the lower support frame 103, and the upper support column 302 and the lower support column 303 are in a concentric circle matching relationship, and the two are connected by the latch 304. Two square stop bars 307 of the same size and symmetrical up and down are welded in the middle of the latch 304, which are used to limit the latch 304, and a limit hole 308 of the same size as the square stop bar 307 is opened on one side of the lower support column 303 to facilitate the square stop bar 307 of the latch to pass through. One end of the latch 304 is sleeved with a spring 305 for ejection and automatic separation of the latch.

[0027] The measuring unit includes a probe rod body 401, an annular limit stopper 402, a CPT probe 403, and a data acquisition cabin 404. The top cylindrical body of the measuring unit is the data acquisition cabin 404, and a probe rod body 401 with a smaller diameter is welded at the lower end. Multiple types of sensors can be placed in the probe rod body 401. A plurality of annular limit stops 402 are welded on the probe rod body 401 to prevent the clamping hand 2037 from slipping during the penetration process after clamping the probe rod body 401. The bottom end of the probe rod body 401 is connected to a CPT probe 403 for detecting geological conditions in offshore wind farm areas.

[0028] A method for placing a continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device comprises the following steps: Step 1: Prepare the deck: Use the penetration motor to synchronously drive the two forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screws to rotate counterclockwise to reset the upper and lower clamping mechanisms. Then use the clamping motor to drive the left and right clamping hands of the upper and lower clamping mechanisms respectively, so that the left and right clamping hands move toward each other and clamp the probe rod body of the measuring unit. The lower edge of the clamping hand is close to the upper surface of the annular limit block to fix the measuring unit. Step 2, installation of the hoisting cable: pass the cable of the ship-borne crane through the four lifting rings on the upper support frame, and four operators respectively insert the pins of the four separators into the pin holes along the limiting holes to connect the upper support frame with the lower support frame; at this time, since there is no phase difference between the square baffle and the limiting hole, the spring on the pin will be squeezed and give the pin a reaction force along the insertion direction. Therefore, the upper support frame needs to be slowly lifted. Due to the gravity of the lower support frame, the pin will be pulled by the upper support column, thereby increasing the friction between the pin and the upper support column in the lateral direction. When the operator releases the pin, the pin will not pop out automatically. Fig.10 .

[0029] Step 3: Lowering and landing the device: Use a ship-borne crane to lower the device into the sea and land it on the seabed. Since the latch hole is a "runway type", the latch is no longer under tension. Under the action of the spring force, the latch falls off, and the upper support frame and the lower support frame are automatically separated. Fig. 9 .

[0030] Step 4, penetration stroke 1: After the device is seated, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward along with the upper screw nut; at the same time, the lower clamping mechanism quickly releases the measuring unit and moves upward driven by the lower screw nut, that is, the lower clamping mechanism is reset, thereby performing the first stage of penetration of the measuring unit.

[0031] Step 5, penetration stroke 2: When the upper clamping mechanism moves to the lowest end of the forward thread, the upper clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit; at the same time, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse bidirectional ball screws to rotate counterclockwise, so that the upper clamping mechanism moves upward, that is, the upper clamping mechanism resets, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves it downward, thereby performing the second stage of penetration of the measuring unit.

[0032] Step 6, penetration stroke 3: When the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward to the lowest end of the reverse thread, the lower clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit.

[0033] Step 7: Circular penetration stage: Repeat steps 4, 5 and 6 in sequence to complete the continuous penetration of the measuring unit.

[0034] Step 8, tail end penetration stage 1: When the measuring unit penetrates to a certain depth, that is, the data acquisition cabin of the measuring unit moves to the lower end of the forward thread, the upper clamping mechanism cannot clamp the probe rod body of the measuring unit, and the clamping motor of the upper clamping mechanism stops working. The lower clamping mechanism clamps the probe rod body of the measuring unit above the top annular limit stopper at the top end, and the measuring unit continues to penetrate into the seabed.

[0035] Step 9, Tail End Penetration Phase 2: When the clamping mechanism moves downward and the measuring unit moves to the bottom of the reverse thread, Fig.13 a. The data acquisition cabin of the measuring unit still stays in the upper support frame; at this time, the penetration of the measuring unit stops, and the effective data recording of the CPT probe also stops. Then, the lower clamping mechanism loosens the probe rod, and the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, and the lower clamping mechanism moves upward under the drive of the lower screw nut.

[0036] Step 10, Tail End Penetration Phase 3: When the bottom end of the extended-range semi-cylinder of the lower clamping mechanism moves to the top of the data acquisition cabin, Fig.13b. The lower clamping mechanism is clamped quickly, and the penetration motor rotates counterclockwise, so that the bottom of the extended-range semi-cylinder of the lower clamping mechanism is pressed on the upper surface of the data acquisition cabin, so that the measuring unit continues to penetrate. When the data acquisition cabin is completely moved into the lower support frame, Fig.13 c. The penetration motor stops moving, thus completing the entire process of measuring unit deployment.

[0037] Step 11: In-situ observation phase: The ship-borne crane lifts the upper support frame, and the upper support frame and the penetration system are recovered to the deck. The lower support system and the measurement unit are left on the surface and inside of the seabed for long-term in-situ observation. Fig.13 d. The lower support frame has a simple structure and is hollow in the middle, so it has little impact on the data measured by the measuring unit.

[0038] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support system, a penetration system, a separator and a measuring unit, wherein the support system comprises an upper support frame (101), a lifting ring (102), a sand-proof net (103), an anti-collision strip (104), a middle cross brace (105), a lower support frame (106), an anti-settling plate (107), a top cross brace (108) and a bottom cross brace (109), wherein the upper support frame (101) and the lower support frame (106) are connected via a separator (301), lifting rings (102) are provided at four corners of the top of the upper support frame (101), the sand-proof net (103) is fixed around the upper support frame (101), the top cross brace (108) is provided at the top of the upper support frame (101), the middle cross brace (105) is provided at the middle of the upper support frame (101), and the bottom cross brace (109) is provided at the bottom of the upper support frame (101); The penetration system comprises a guide rod (201), a positive and negative bidirectional ball screw (202), an upper clamping mechanism (203), a cross brace plate (204), a top angular contact bearing (205), an upper screw nut (206), a middle angular contact bearing (207), a lower clamping mechanism (208), a fixing plate (209), a straight bevel gear (210), a penetration motor (211), a bottom angular contact bearing (212), a lower screw nut (213), and a motor straight bevel gear (218). The upper end of the guide rod (201) is arranged on the lower surface of the top cross brace (108), and the lower end is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom cross brace (109). The top angular contact bearing (205) and the bottom angular contact bearing (212) are respectively The two sets of positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screws (202) are respectively located between two sets of identical top angular contact bearings (205) and bottom angular contact bearings (212) and mesh with the bearings. The upper screw nut (206) and the lower screw nut (213) move in opposite directions. The positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw (202) rotates clockwise. The upper screw nut (206) and the lower screw nut (213) move in opposite directions. A straight bevel gear (210) is provided between the lower end of the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw (202) and the top of the bottom angular contact bearing (212). The straight bevel gear (210) meshes with the motor straight bevel gear (218).

2. A continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper clamping mechanism (203) and the lower clamping mechanism (208) comprise a support plate (2023), a first circular hole (2032), a clamping motor (2033), a clamping bearing (2034), a clamping screw (2035), a clamping screw nut (2036), a clamping hand (2037), a range-extending semi-cylinder (2038), and a second circular hole (2039). The upper clamping mechanism (203) and the lower clamping mechanism (208) are used to clamp the rod body (401) of the measuring unit. The clamping bearing (2034) is welded to the lower surface of the support plate (2023), the clamping screw (2035) passes through the clamping bearing (2034), and a clamping motor (2033) is welded to the end thereof, the clamping screw nut (2036) is sleeved on the clamping screw (2035) and is located between the two clamping bearings (2034), and a semicircular clamping hand (2037) is welded to the lower end thereof; the range-extending semi-cylinder (2038) is fixed to the lower end of the clamping hand (2037) by means of screws.

3. The continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper clamping mechanism (203) and the lower clamping mechanism (208) are connected to the guide rod (201), the upper screw nut (206), and the lower screw nut (213) through a support plate (2023); the support plate (2023) is sleeved on the four guide rods (201) through a first circular hole; the support plates (2023) of the upper clamping mechanism (203) and the lower clamping mechanism (208) are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the upper screw nut (206) and the lower screw nut (213) through a second circular hole (2039); the cross support plate (204) and the support plate (223) are both located between the upper clamping mechanism (203) and the lower The clamping mechanism (208) is sleeved on the four guide rods (201) through the first circular hole, the inner ring of the middle angular contact bearing (207) is arranged at the middle position of the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw (202), the outer ring of the middle angular contact bearing (207) is welded to the inner wall of the second circular hole (2039) of the cross support plate (204), the fixing plate (209) is located at the bottom of the guide rod (201), the two ends are respectively sleeved and welded on the guide rod (201), and the middle is sleeved on the straight bevel gear (210) at the bottom of the positive and negative tooth bidirectional ball screw (202), and is used to fix the bottom end of the fourth telescopic tube (217).

4. The continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the forward and reverse bidirectional ball screw (202) is sleeved with telescopic tubes, and the telescopic tubes include a first telescopic tube (214), a second telescopic tube (215), a third telescopic tube (216) and a fourth telescopic tube (217).

5. The continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the first telescopic tube (214) is fixed to the outer ring of the top angular contact bearing (205), and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the upper screw nut (206); the upper end of the second telescopic tube (215) is fixed to the lower surface of the screw nut (206), and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the middle angular contact bearing (207); the upper end of the second telescopic tube (215) is fixed to the lower surface of the middle angular contact bearing (207), and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the lower screw nut (213); the upper end of the fourth telescopic tube (217) is fixed to the lower surface of the lower screw nut (213), and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing plate (209).

6. The continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separator (301) comprises an upper support column (302), a lower support column (303), a latch (304), a spring (305), a latch hole (306), a square stop bar (307), and a limiting hole (308). The upper support column (302) is arranged at the four corners of the bottom end of the upper support frame (101), the lower end of the upper support column (302) is provided with a latch hole (306), the lower support column (303) is arranged at the four corners of the top end of the lower support frame (103), the upper support column (302) and the lower support column are connected by the latch (304), the middle part of the latch (304) is provided with a square stop bar (307), and one side of the lower support column (303) is provided with a limiting hole (308) of the same size as the square stop bar (307).

7. The continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring unit comprises a probe rod body (401), an annular limit stopper (402), a CPT probe (403), and a data acquisition chamber (404); the top cylindrical body of the measuring unit is the data acquisition chamber (404); the lower end is provided with a probe rod body (401); a plurality of annular limit stoppers (402) are provided on the probe rod body (401); and the bottom end of the probe rod body (401) is connected to the CPT probe (403).

8. The method for placing a continuously penetrable separate in-situ observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Prepare the deck: Use the penetration motor to synchronously drive the two forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screws to rotate counterclockwise to reset the upper and lower clamping mechanisms. Then use the clamping motor to drive the left and right clamping hands of the upper and lower clamping mechanisms respectively, so that the left and right clamping hands move toward each other and clamp the probe rod body of the measuring unit. The lower edge of the clamping hand is close to the upper surface of the annular limit block to fix the measuring unit. Step 2: Installation of the hoisting cable: Pass the cable of the ship-borne crane through the four lifting rings on the upper support frame, and insert the pins of the four separators into the pin holes along the limit holes respectively; lift the upper support frame, the friction between the pin and the upper support column in the lateral direction increases, and the pin will not pop out automatically when the pin is released; Step 3: Lowering and landing the device: Use a ship-borne crane to lower the device into the sea and land it on the seabed. The latch is no longer under tension. Under the action of the spring force, the latch falls off, and the upper support frame and the lower support frame are automatically separated. Step 4, penetration stroke 1: After the device is seated, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward along with the upper screw nut; at the same time, the lower clamping mechanism quickly releases the measuring unit and moves upward driven by the lower screw nut, that is, the lower clamping mechanism is reset, thus the first stage of penetration of the measuring unit is carried out; Step 5, penetration stroke 2: When the upper clamping mechanism moves to the lowest end of the forward thread, the upper clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit; at the same time, the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse bidirectional ball screws to rotate counterclockwise, so that the upper clamping mechanism moves upward, that is, the upper clamping mechanism is reset, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward, thereby performing the second stage of penetration of the measuring unit; Step 6, penetration stroke 3: When the lower clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit and moves downward to the lowest end of the reverse thread, the lower clamping mechanism releases the measuring unit and the upper clamping mechanism clamps the measuring unit; Step 7, cyclic penetration stage: repeat steps 4, 5 and 6 in sequence to complete the continuous penetration of the measuring unit; Step 8, tail end penetration stage 1: When the measuring unit penetrates to a certain depth, that is, the data acquisition cabin of the measuring unit moves to the lower end of the positive thread, the upper clamping mechanism cannot clamp the rod body of the measuring unit, the clamping motor of the upper clamping mechanism stops working, and the lower clamping mechanism clamps the uppermost end of the rod body of the measuring unit to continue to penetrate the measuring unit into the seabed; Step 9, tail end penetration stage 2: When the lower clamping mechanism moves to clamp the measuring unit and moves downward to the bottom of the reverse thread, the data acquisition cabin of the measuring unit still stays in the upper support frame; at this time, the penetration of the measuring unit stops, and the effective data recording of the CPT probe also stops. Then, the lower clamping mechanism releases the probe rod, and the penetration motor synchronously drives the two forward and reverse tooth bidirectional ball screws to rotate clockwise, and the lower clamping mechanism moves upward driven by the lower screw nut; Step 10, tail end penetration stage 3: When the bottom end of the extended-range semi-cylinder of the lower clamping mechanism moves to the top of the data acquisition cabin, the lower clamping mechanism is clamped, and the penetration motor rotates counterclockwise, so that the bottom of the extended-range semi-cylinder of the lower clamping mechanism is pressed on the upper surface of the data acquisition cabin, so that the measurement unit continues to penetrate. When the data acquisition cabin is completely moved into the lower support frame, the penetration motor stops moving, thereby completing the whole process of placing the measurement unit; Step 11, in-situ observation phase: The ship-borne crane lifts the upper support frame, and the upper support frame and penetration system are recovered to the deck, while the lower support system and measurement unit remain on the surface and inside of the seabed for long-term in-situ observation.

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