Ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction and operation method of ventilation and dust removal device

Abstract

The invention relates to a ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction and an operation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction. The ventilation and dust removal device comprises a box body, an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the upper ends of the front side wall and the rear side wall of the box body respectively, and a fan is arranged in the air outlet; a spraying mechanism is arranged on the upper portion of the inner side of the box body, a water storage cavity is fixedly formed in the middle height position of the inner side of the box body and located below the spraying mechanism, and a left discharging channel and a right discharging channel are formed between the outer side faces of the left side and the right side of the water storage cavity and the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the box body. A discharging mechanism is arranged at the opening of the upper end of each discharging channel. The left side and the right side of the spraying mechanism are each fixedly provided with a baffle, the upper ends of the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the box body are each provided with a knocking mechanism, each knocking mechanism comprises a knocking rod, and the baffles on the same side are knocked through the knocking rods. The problems that an existing ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction is high in energy consumption, and attachments are not easy to clean are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel construction refers to the process of building roads by digging tunnels. During the tunnel construction process, a large amount of dust will be generated during drilling, blasting and mechanical operations. This dust can easily pose a serious threat to the health of construction workers. Therefore, ventilation and dust removal equipment is required during tunnel construction.

[0003] When some ventilation and dust removal devices are used for tunnel construction, the dust in the tunnel is sent to the outside of the tunnel by setting up pipes. Although the dust removal effect can be achieved, the fan needs to consume a lot of energy to operate. Especially in long-term and high-intensity tunnel construction, the energy consumption problem will be more prominent. After the device has been running for a long time, a large amount of dust and debris will adhere to the inner wall of the pipe, resulting in a reduction in the inner diameter of the pipe, reducing the smoothness of the airflow, and thus easily causing a certain impact on the dust removal effect. The subsequent cleaning of the pipe will also be more inconvenient. For this reason, a ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction and an operating method thereof are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction and an operation method thereof; and solves the problems of high energy consumption and difficulty in cleaning attached objects in the current ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0006] A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction comprises a box body, wherein an air inlet and an air outlet are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the front and rear side walls of the box body, and a fan is arranged inside the air outlet; a spraying mechanism is arranged at the upper inner part of the box body, a water storage cavity is fixedly arranged at the middle height of the inner side of the box body, the water storage cavity is located below the spraying mechanism, and left and right material discharge channels are formed between the left and right outer side surfaces of the water storage cavity and the left and right inner walls of the box body, and a material discharge mechanism is arranged at the upper end openings of the left and right material discharge channels; a baffle is respectively fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the spraying mechanism, and a group of knocking mechanisms are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the left and right inner walls of the box body, the knocking mechanism comprises a knocking rod, and the knocking rod is used to knock the baffle on the same side.

[0007] Furthermore, the interior of the box body includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity that are connected, and the upper cavity is located in the middle of the upper end of the lower cavity; a discharge port is respectively provided at the lower end of the left and right side walls of the lower cavity of the box body, and an openable box door is provided at the discharge port; the air inlet is provided on the front side wall of the upper cavity, and the air outlet is provided on the rear side wall of the upper cavity; the air inlet and the air outlet are provided in front and back correspondence; a first filter is fixedly provided at the inner end of the air outlet.

[0008] Furthermore, the front and rear ends of the water storage cavity are fixedly connected to the front and rear inner walls of the box body respectively; the water storage cavity is located at the upper end of the lower cavity of the box body; a second filter is fixedly arranged at the upper end opening of the water storage cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the spraying mechanism includes a water pump, a first pipe, a second pipe, and a sprayer; the water pump is fixedly arranged at the upper end surface of the box body, a first pipe is arranged at the outlet of the water pump, and a second pipe is arranged at the inlet of the water pump; the sprayer is fixedly arranged at the inner upper end of the upper cavity of the box body; the end of the first pipe away from the water pump passes through the top plate of the box body and is connected to the sprayer, and the end of the second pipe away from the water pump passes through the side wall of the box body and is connected to the inner lower end of the water storage cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the baffle is a square plate structure, the baffle is located in a vertical plane in the front-to-back direction, and the upper end of the baffle is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the box; the two baffles are respectively located on the left and right sides of the sprayer, and the two baffles are located above the second filter.

[0011] Furthermore, the unloading mechanism includes an air guide shell, a rotating shaft, an unloading plate, and paddles; the air guide shell is fixedly arranged on the rear outer wall of the box body, an inlet is arranged in the middle of the air guide shell opening, and an outlet is arranged at the left and right ends of the air guide shell respectively, and the inlet of the air guide shell is connected with the air outlet on the box body; a front and rear horizontal rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the upper end openings of the left and right unloading channels respectively, and the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the box body respectively; the rear ends of the two rotating shafts are both extended into the interior of the air guide shell, and a paddle is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating shaft extending into the interior of the air guide shell; a circle of unloading plates arranged in a circular array are fixedly arranged on the outside of each rotating shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, a cleaning mechanism is also provided inside the box, and the cleaning mechanism includes a motor, a reciprocating screw, a cleaning plate, and a cam; a motor is fixedly provided on the right outer wall of the upper cavity of the box, and a left and right horizontal reciprocating screw is rotatably provided on the inner side of the air outlet, and the left and right ends of the reciprocating screw are respectively rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the upper cavity of the box, and one end of the reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the motor; the cleaning plate includes a first vertical section and a first horizontal section, the first horizontal section is horizontally provided along the front-to-back direction, and the lower end of the first vertical section is fixedly connected to the rear end of the first horizontal section; the first horizontal section is fitted with the upper end surface of the second filter screen, and the first vertical section is fitted with the first filter screen; the first vertical section is screwed with the reciprocating screw; one end of the reciprocating screw away from the motor extends to the outside of the box, and a cam is fixedly provided at one end of the reciprocating screw away from the motor.

[0013] Furthermore, the knocking mechanism also includes a fixed column, a slide plate, and a tension spring; two front and rear fixed columns are respectively fixedly arranged on the left and right inner walls of the upper cavity of the box body, and the fixed columns are horizontally arranged along the left and right directions; the same slide plate is slidably sleeved on the outside of the two fixed columns on the same side, and the slide plate includes a second horizontal section and a second vertical section, the second horizontal section is horizontally arranged along the front and back directions, the upper end of the second vertical section is fixedly connected to the middle part of the second horizontal section, and the lower end of the second vertical section extends to the upper end opening of the unloading channel on the same side; the second horizontal section is slidably sleeved on the outside of the two fixed columns; a tension spring is sleeved on the outside of the fixed column, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper cavity of the box body, and the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the second horizontal section of the slide plate; multiple front and rear knocking rods are fixedly arranged on the second horizontal section of the slide plate, the knocking rods are horizontally arranged along the left and right directions, and the knocking rods extend to the baffle on the same side away from the end of the slide plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a dispersion mechanism is also provided on the lower inner side of the box body, and the dispersion mechanism includes a connecting rod, a support plate, a support block, a connecting plate, and an action rod; a connecting hole is provided at each of the four corners of the bottom plate of the box body, and a vertical connecting rod is slidably provided inside each connecting hole; a horizontal connecting plate is provided at the lower end of the box body, and the four corners of the connecting plate are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the four connecting rods; a support plate is provided at the lower inner end of the box body, and the four corners of the support plate are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the four connecting rods; a support block is provided at the upper end of each support rod; the action rod includes two upper and lower horizontal rods and a vertical rod in the middle, and the two action rods are horizontally arranged along the front and rear directions, and the rear ends of the two horizontal rods are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the vertical rod respectively; the upper horizontal rod is in contact with the cam, and the lower horizontal rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0015] An operating method of a ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction comprises the following steps: Step 1: Start the fan and the water pump, and the external air flow enters the box through the air inlet. The water pump extracts the water in the water storage cavity through the second pipe and outputs it to the sprayer through the first pipe. The sprayer converts the water into water mist and sprays it downward. The sprayed water mist settles the dust particles in the air flow entering the box. The settled dust particles fall onto the second filter screen, and the sprayed water flow is filtered by the second filter screen. The filtered water flow is filtered by the second filter screen and then flows back to the water storage cavity; Step 2: After settling, the airflow is filtered by the second filter and then enters the air guide shell through the air outlet. The airflow flowing inside the air guide shell drives the two blades to rotate, and the two blades drive the two rotating shafts to rotate, and the two rotating shafts drive the unloading plates to rotate. The unloading plates on both sides will generate airflow during the rotation process, and bring part of the gas that escapes to the unloading channels on both sides back to between the two baffles, so that the airflow can be concentrated and circulated. Step 3: Start the motor, the motor drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, the reciprocating screw drives the cleaning plate to slide back and forth, the cleaning plate scrapes the dust on the surface of the first filter and the second filter to prevent the first filter and the second filter from being blocked; the scraped dust is pushed to the unloading channels on the left and right sides by the reciprocating cleaning plate, and then the rotating unloading plate transports the dust through the unloading channels to the inner lower end of the box; Step 4: During the rotation of the blanking plate, the blanking plate intermittently contacts the lower end of the second vertical section of the slide plate, pushing the slide plate toward one side of the baffle plate, and the slide plate drives the knocking rod to move synchronously, and the knocking rod contacts the baffle plate, thereby knocking the baffle plate, causing the water flow and dust particles attached to the baffle plate to vibrate and fall; when the blanking plate is separated from the lower end of the second vertical section of the slide plate, the slide plate and the knocking rod are moved and reset by the reset elastic force of the tension spring, completing the separation of the knocking rod and the baffle plate; Step five, after the dust particles fall to the lower end of the inside of the box, they contact the support plate; when the reciprocating screw rotates, it drives the cam to rotate. Because the horizontal rod on the upper side of the action rod contacts the cam, the cam can drive the action rod to move up and down when it rotates. The action rod drives the connecting rod to move up and down, and the connecting plate drives the connecting rod and the support plate to move up and down, thereby achieving the vibration effect of the support plate, vibrating and dispersing the dust particles on the support plate, so that the dust particles are evenly distributed; after use, open the box door, and then discharge the collected dust particles through the discharge port through the vibrating support plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: 1. The present application realizes the function of dust settling and collecting through the arrangement of the second filter screen, the first filter screen, the baffle, the spraying mechanism, the cleaning mechanism and the feeding mechanism. When in use, the dust particles in the air flow are settled through the spraying mechanism, and the settled dust particles can fall onto the upper part of the second filter screen and filter the water flow in the dust particles through the second filter screen. The filtered water flow can return to the water storage cavity to complete the recycling of water resources. In this process, the baffle can block the air flow entering the inside of the box to prevent the air flow from dispersing, so that the air flow can circulate more concentratedly and ensure the effect of dust particle settling. The air flow after the dust particles have settled can be filtered again through the first filter screen and then guided and discharged through the air guide shell in the feeding mechanism. When the air flow contacts the blades in the feeding mechanism, it will drive the blades to rotate, which can make the The rotating shaft and the discharge plate rotate. At this time, the discharge plate will generate a certain amount of slight airflow during the rotation process, which will bring some of the escaped gas back between the two baffles, so that the airflow can be concentrated and circulated. At the same time, the dust particles on the upper part of the second filter and the attachments on the surface of the first filter can be cleaned and dispersed through the cleaning mechanism to prevent the second filter and the first filter from being blocked. When the dust particles are cleaned and dispersed to the discharge plate, the dust particles can be discharged through the rotating discharge plate, so that the dust particles enter the lower part of the box. This design effectively avoids the installation of pipelines to send the dust in the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel. The fan consumes a lot of energy to operate, which is costly. After long-term operation, a large amount of dust and debris will adhere to the inner wall of the pipeline, resulting in a reduction in the inner diameter of the pipeline, reducing the smoothness of the airflow, thereby improving the dust removal effect inside the tunnel.

[0017] 2. The present application realizes the function of baffle vibration by setting a knocking mechanism. The knocking mechanism includes a fixed column, a slide plate, a knocking rod and a tension spring. When the unloading plate rotates, it will contact the slide plate, drive the slide plate to move, make the knocking rod contact the baffle, knock the baffle, and make the water flow and dust particles attached to the baffle vibrate and fall. When the unloading plate is separated from the slide plate, the slide plate and the knocking rod can be moved and reset through the reset elastic force of the tension spring, completing the separation of the knocking rod and the baffle. This design can speed up the recovery of water flow and dust particles, improve the performance of the baffle, and thus promote the overall dust removal efficiency of the device.

[0018] 3. The present application realizes the function of dispersing the collected dust particles by setting a dispersing mechanism. The dispersing mechanism includes a connecting rod, a support plate, a support block and a connecting plate. When the cleaning mechanism is running, the connecting plate will be driven to move up and down, so that the connecting rod, the support plate and the support block will move up and down, thereby realizing the vibration effect of the support plate, and the dust particles falling on the support plate can be evenly distributed in the lower part of the box body, effectively avoiding the local accumulation of dust particles, thereby improving the space utilization rate in the lower part of the box body, and after the use of the device is finished, the automatic discharge of dust particles can be completed through the dispersing mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 The internal structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 The internal structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the rotating shaft, the paddle and the blanking plate; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a decentralized organization; Among them, 1 is a box body, 2 is a discharge port, 3 is a box door, 4 is a baffle, 5 is a spraying mechanism, 51 is a water pump, 52 is a first pipeline, 53 is a sprayer, 54 is a second pipeline, 6 is a cleaning mechanism, 61 is a motor, 62 is a reciprocating screw, 63 is a cleaning plate, 64 is a cam, 7 is a feeding mechanism, 71 is an air guide shell, 72 is a rotating shaft, 73 is a feeding plate, 74 is a paddle, 8 is a knocking mechanism, 81 is a fixed column, 82 is a slide plate, 83 is a knocking rod, 84 is a tension spring, 9 is a dispersion mechanism, 91 is a connecting rod, 92 is a support plate, 93 is a support block, 94 is a connecting plate, 95 is an action rod, 10 is an air inlet, 11 is an air outlet, 12 is a fan, 13 is a water storage cavity, 14 is a second filter screen, 15 is a first filter screen, 16 is a telescopic cover, and 17 is a buffer block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0021] like Figure 1 —7, the present invention provides a ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction, comprising a box body 1, an air inlet 10 and an air outlet 11 are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the front and rear side walls of the box body 1, and a fan 12 is arranged inside the air outlet 11; a spraying mechanism 5 is arranged on the upper inner side of the box body 1, a water storage cavity 13 is fixedly arranged at the middle height of the inner side of the box body 1, and the water storage cavity 13 is located below the spraying mechanism 5, and left and right material discharge channels are formed between the left and right outer side surfaces of the water storage cavity 13 and the left and right inner walls of the box body 1, and a material discharge mechanism 7 is arranged at the upper end openings of the left and right material discharge channels; a baffle plate 4 is respectively fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the spraying mechanism 5, and a group of knocking mechanisms 8 are respectively arranged on the upper ends of the left and right inner walls of the box body 1, and the knocking mechanism 8 includes a knocking rod 83, and the knocking rod 83 is used to knock the baffle plate 4 on the same side.

[0022] The box body 1 includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity that are connected to each other. The width of the upper cavity in the left-right direction is smaller than that of the lower cavity in the left-right direction. The upper cavity is located in the middle of the upper end of the lower cavity. The front and rear side walls of the upper cavity and the lower cavity are kept flush. The upper ends of the left and right side walls of the lower cavity are set to an upward concave arc structure. A discharge port 2 is respectively set at the lower end of the left and right side walls of the lower cavity of the box body 1, and an openable box door 3 is set at the discharge port 2.

[0023] The air inlet 10 is arranged on the front side wall of the upper cavity of the box body 1, and the air outlet 11 is arranged on the rear side wall of the upper cavity of the box body 1. The air inlet 10 and the air outlet 11 are arranged in front and back correspondence. A first filter 15 is fixedly arranged at one end of the inner side of the air outlet 11.

[0024] The water storage cavity 13 is a square box 1 structure with an upper opening, and the front and rear ends of the water storage cavity 13 are respectively fixedly connected to the front and rear inner walls of the box 1. The water storage cavity 13 is located at the upper end of the lower cavity of the box 1. A second filter screen 14 is fixedly arranged at the upper opening of the water storage cavity 13, and the left and right edges of the second filter screen 14 are arranged as concave arc structures.

[0025] The spraying mechanism 5 includes a water pump 51 , a first pipeline 52 , a second pipeline 54 , and a sprayer 53 .

[0026] The water pump 51 is fixedly arranged at the upper end surface of the box body 1, a first pipe 52 is arranged at the outlet of the water pump 51, and a second pipe 54 is arranged at the inlet of the water pump 51. A sprayer 53 is fixedly arranged at the inner upper end of the upper cavity of the box body 1, and the sprayer 53 is located in the middle of the upper cavity along the left-right direction, and the sprayer 53 is located above the area between the air inlet 10 and the air outlet 11. The end of the first pipe 52 away from the water pump 51 passes through the top plate of the box body 1 and is connected to the sprayer 53, and the end of the second pipe 54 away from the water pump 51 passes through the side wall of the box body 1 and is connected to the inner lower end of the water storage cavity 13.

[0027] The water pump 51 pumps the water out of the water storage cavity 13 through the second pipe 54 and outputs it to the sprayer 53 through the first pipe 52. The sprayer 53 converts the water into water mist and sprays it downward. The sprayed water flow is filtered by the second filter screen 14 and then flows back into the water storage cavity 13.

[0028] The baffle 4 is a square plate structure, located in a vertical plane in the front-rear direction, and the upper end of the baffle 4 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the box body 1. The two baffles 4 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the sprayer 53, and the two baffles 4 are located above the second filter 14.

[0029] The unloading mechanism 7 includes an air guide shell 71 , a rotating shaft 72 , an unloading plate 73 , and paddles 74 .

[0030] The air guide housing 71 is fixedly arranged on the rear outer wall of the box body 1, an inlet is arranged in the middle of the air guide housing 71, and an outlet is arranged at the left and right ends of the air guide housing 71, respectively, and the inlet of the air guide housing 71 is connected to the air outlet 11 on the box body 1. The fan 12 introduces the airflow inside the box body 1 into the air guide housing 71, and outputs it to the outside from the outlets at the left and right ends of the air guide housing 71.

[0031] A front and rear horizontal rotating shaft 72 is rotatably arranged at the upper openings of the left and right feeding channels, and the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft 72 are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the box body 1. The rear ends of the two rotating shafts 72 extend into the interior of the air guide shell 71, and a paddle 74 is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 72 extending into the interior of the air guide shell 71. A circle of feeding plates 73 arranged in a circular array are fixedly arranged on the outside of each rotating shaft 72, and a circle of feeding plates 73 rotates inside the arc-shaped structure of the lower cavity and the arc-shaped structure of the second filter screen 14.

[0032] A cleaning mechanism 6 is also provided inside the box body 1 , and the cleaning mechanism 6 includes a motor 61 , a reciprocating screw 62 , a cleaning plate 63 , and a cam 64 .

[0033] A motor 61 is fixedly installed on the right outer wall of the upper cavity of the box body 1, and a left and right horizontal reciprocating screw 62 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the air outlet 11. The left and right ends of the reciprocating screw 62 are respectively rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the upper cavity of the box body 1, and one end of the reciprocating screw 62 is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the motor 61.

[0034] The cleaning plate 63 includes a first vertical section and a first horizontal section. The first horizontal section is horizontally arranged along the front-rear direction. The lower end of the first vertical section is fixedly connected to the rear end of the first horizontal section. The first horizontal section fits the upper end surface of the second filter screen 14, and the first vertical section fits the outer side surface of the first filter screen 15. The first vertical section is screwed to the reciprocating screw rod 62.

[0035] One end of the reciprocating screw rod 62 away from the motor 61 extends to the outside of the box body 1 , and a cam 64 is fixedly provided on the end of the reciprocating screw rod 62 away from the motor 61 .

[0036] Two telescopic covers 16 are sleeved on the outer side of the reciprocating screw rod 62, and the two telescopic covers 16 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the cleaning plate 63. The ends of the two telescopic covers 16 that are far away from each other are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the box body 1, and the ends of the two telescopic covers 16 that are close to each other are respectively fixedly connected to the first vertical section of the cleaning plate 63. The telescopic covers 16 can protect the reciprocating screw rod 62 from dust and water flow, thereby extending its service life.

[0037] The knocking mechanism 8 further includes a fixing column 81 , a sliding plate 82 , and a tension spring 84 .

[0038] Two front and rear fixed columns 81 are fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the upper cavity of the box body 1, and the fixed columns 81 are arranged horizontally along the left and right directions. The same slide plate 82 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the two fixed columns 81 on the same side, and the slide plate 82 includes a second horizontal section and a second vertical section. The second horizontal section is arranged horizontally along the front and back directions, the upper end of the second vertical section is fixedly connected to the middle part of the second horizontal section, and the lower end of the second vertical section extends to the upper end opening of the unloading channel on the same side; the second horizontal section is slidably sleeved on the outside of the two fixed columns 81. A tension spring 84 is sleeved on the outside of the fixed column 81, one end of the tension spring 84 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper cavity of the box body 1, and the other end of the tension spring 84 is fixedly connected to the second horizontal section of the slide plate 82. A plurality of front and rear knocking rods 83 are fixedly arranged on the second horizontal section of the slide plate 82, and the knocking rods 83 are arranged horizontally along the left and right directions, and the knocking rods 83 extend from one end of the slide plate 82 to the baffle 4 on the same side.

[0039] A buffer block 17 is provided at one end of the knock rod 83 close to the inner wall of the box body 1. The buffer block 17 can provide buffer protection when the knock rod 83 moves and resets.

[0040] A dispersion mechanism 9 is further provided on the lower inner side of the box body 1 , and the dispersion mechanism 9 includes a connecting rod 91 , a supporting plate 92 , a supporting block 93 , a connecting plate 94 , and an action rod 95 .

[0041] A connecting hole is provided at each of the four corners of the bottom plate of the box body 1, and a vertical connecting rod 91 is slidably provided inside each connecting hole. A horizontal connecting plate 94 is provided at the lower end of the box body 1, and the connecting plate 94 is an "I"-shaped structure, and the four corners of the connecting plate 94 are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the four connecting rods 91. A supporting plate 92 is provided at the lower inner end of the box body 1, and the supporting plate 92 is a "︿"-shaped plate-like structure, and the four corners of the supporting plate 92 are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the four connecting rods 91. A supporting block 93 is provided at the upper end of each supporting rod, and the outer diameter of the supporting block 93 is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting hole.

[0042] The action rod 95 includes two upper and lower horizontal rods and a vertical rod in the middle. The two action rods 95 are horizontally arranged along the front-back direction. The rear ends of the two horizontal rods are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the vertical rod respectively. The upper horizontal rod contacts the cam 64, and the lower horizontal rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 94.

[0043] The present invention provides an operating method of a ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction, comprising the following steps: Step 1, start the fan 12 and the water pump 51, the external airflow enters the box body 1 through the air inlet 10, the water pump 51 extracts the water in the water storage cavity 13 through the second pipe 54, and outputs it to the sprayer 53 through the first pipe 52, the sprayer 53 converts the water into water mist and sprays it downward, the sprayed water mist settles the dust particles in the airflow entering the box body 1, the settled dust particles fall on the second filter 14, the sprayed water flow is filtered by the second filter 14, and the filtered water flow flows back to the water storage cavity 13 after being filtered by the second filter 14. In this process, the arrangement of the baffles 4 on the left and right sides can prevent the airflow from dispersing, so that the airflow can circulate backward in a concentrated manner, thereby ensuring the sedimentation effect of dust particles in the airflow.

[0044] Step 2: After settling, the airflow is filtered by the second filter screen 14 and then enters the air guide housing 71 through the air outlet 11. The airflow flowing inside the air guide housing 71 drives the two blades 74 to rotate, and the two blades 74 drive the two rotating shafts 72 to rotate, and the two rotating shafts 72 drive the unloading plates 73 to rotate. The unloading plates 73 on both sides will generate a certain amount of slight airflow during the rotation process, and bring part of the gas that escapes to the unloading channels on both sides back to between the two baffles 4, so that the airflow is concentrated and circulated.

[0045] Step 3, start the motor 61, the motor 61 drives the reciprocating screw 62 to rotate, the reciprocating screw 62 drives the cleaning plate 63 to slide back and forth, and the cleaning plate 63 scrapes the dust on the surface of the first filter 15 and the second filter 14 to prevent the first filter 15 and the second filter 14 from being blocked. The scraped dust is pushed to the left and right sides of the material discharge channel by the reciprocating cleaning plate 63, and then the rotating material discharge plate 73 transports the dust to the inner lower end of the box body 1 through the material discharge channel.

[0046] Step 4: During the rotation of the blanking plate 73, the blanking plate 73 intermittently contacts the lower end of the second vertical section of the slide plate 82, pushing the slide plate 82 toward the side of the baffle 4, and the slide plate 82 drives the knocking rod 83 to move synchronously, and the knocking rod 83 contacts the baffle 4, thereby knocking the baffle 4, causing the water flow and dust particles attached to the baffle 4 to vibrate and fall. When the blanking plate 73 is separated from the lower end of the second vertical section of the slide plate 82, the slide plate 82 and the knocking rod 83 are moved and reset by the reset elastic force of the tension spring 84, completing the separation of the knocking rod 83 from the baffle 4.

[0047] Step 5: After the dust particles fall to the lower end of the box body 1, they contact the support plate 92. When the reciprocating screw 62 rotates, the cam 64 is driven to rotate. Because the horizontal rod on the upper side of the action rod 95 contacts the cam 64, the cam 64 can drive the action rod 95 to move up and down when it rotates. The action rod 95 drives the connecting rod 91 to move up and down, and the connecting plate 94 drives the connecting rod 91, the support block 93 and the support plate 92 to move up and down, so as to achieve the vibration effect of the support plate 92, and vibrate and disperse the dust particles on the support plate 92, so that the dust particles are evenly distributed. After use, open the box door 3, and then discharge the collected dust particles through the discharge port 2 through the vibrating support plate 92.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The invention comprises a box body (1), wherein an air inlet (10) and an air outlet (11) are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the front and rear side walls of the box body (1), and a fan (12) is arranged inside the air outlet (11); a spraying mechanism (5) is arranged at the upper inner part of the box body (1); a water storage cavity (13) is fixedly arranged at the middle height of the inner side of the box body (1), the water storage cavity (13) is located below the spraying mechanism (5), and left and right material discharge channels are formed between the left and right outer side surfaces of the water storage cavity (13) and the left and right inner walls of the box body (1); a material discharge mechanism (7) is arranged at the upper end openings of the left and right material discharge channels; a baffle (4) is respectively fixedly arranged on the left and right sides of the spraying mechanism (5), and a group of knocking mechanisms (8) are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the left and right inner walls of the box body (1), wherein the knocking mechanism (8) comprises a knocking rod (83), and the knocking rod (83) is used to knock the baffle (4) on the same side.

2. A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (1) comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are connected to each other, and the upper cavity is located at the middle of the upper end of the lower cavity; a discharge port (2) is respectively arranged at the lower end of the left and right side walls of the lower cavity of the box body (1), and an openable box door (3) is arranged at the discharge port (2); the air inlet (10) is arranged on the front side wall of the upper cavity, and the air outlet (11) is arranged on the rear side wall of the upper cavity; the air inlet (10) and the air outlet (11) are arranged correspondingly in front and back; and a first filter (15) is fixedly arranged at one end inside the air outlet (11).

3. A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the water storage cavity (13) are respectively fixedly connected to the front and rear inner walls of the box body (1); the water storage cavity (13) is located at the upper end of the lower cavity of the box body (1); and a second filter screen (14) is fixedly arranged at the upper opening of the water storage cavity (13).

4. A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spraying mechanism (5) comprises a water pump (51), a first pipe (52), a second pipe (54), and a sprayer (53); the water pump (51) is fixedly arranged at the upper end surface of the box body (1); the first pipe (52) is arranged at the outlet of the water pump (51), and the second pipe (54) is arranged at the inlet of the water pump (51); the sprayer (53) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the inner side of the upper cavity of the box body (1); an end of the first pipe (52) away from the water pump (51) passes through the top plate of the box body (1) and is connected to the sprayer (53); an end of the second pipe (54) away from the water pump (51) passes through the side wall of the box body (1) and is connected to the lower end of the inner side of the water storage cavity (13).

5. A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The baffle (4) is a square plate-shaped structure. The baffle (4) is located in a vertical plane in the front-to-back direction. The upper end of the baffle (4) is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the box body (1). The two baffles (4) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the sprayer (53), and the two baffles (4) are located above the second filter screen (14).

6. A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The unloading mechanism (7) comprises an air guide shell (71), a rotating shaft (72), an unloading plate (73), and a paddle (74); the air guide shell (71) is fixedly arranged on the rear outer wall of the box body (1); an inlet is arranged in the middle of the opening of the air guide shell (71); an outlet is arranged at the left and right ends of the air guide shell (71); the inlet of the air guide shell (71) is connected to the air outlet (11) on the box body (1); a front and rear horizontal rotating shaft (72) is rotatably arranged at the upper end openings of the left and right unloading channels, and the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft (72) are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the box body (1); the rear ends of the two rotating shafts (72) are both extended into the interior of the air guide shell (71), and a paddle (74) is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating shaft (72) extending into the interior of the air guide shell (71); and a circle of unloading plates (73) arranged in a circular array are fixedly arranged on the outer side of each rotating shaft (72).

7. A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: A cleaning mechanism (6) is also provided inside the box body (1), and the cleaning mechanism (6) comprises a motor (61), a reciprocating screw (62), a cleaning plate (63), and a cam (64); the motor (61) is fixedly provided on the right outer wall of the upper cavity of the box body (1), and a left and right horizontal reciprocating screw (62) is rotatably provided inside the air outlet (11), and the left and right ends of the reciprocating screw (62) are respectively rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the upper cavity of the box body (1), and one end of the reciprocating screw (62) is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the motor (61). The cleaning plate (63) comprises a first vertical section and a first horizontal section, the first horizontal section being arranged horizontally along the front-rear direction, the lower end of the first vertical section being fixedly connected to the rear end of the first horizontal section; the first horizontal section is in contact with the upper end surface of the second filter screen (14), and the first vertical section is in contact with the first filter screen (15); the first vertical section is screwed to the reciprocating screw rod (62); one end of the reciprocating screw rod (62) away from the motor (61) extends to the outside of the box body (1), and a cam (64) is fixedly provided at one end of the reciprocating screw rod (62) away from the motor (61).

8. A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The knocking mechanism (8) further comprises a fixed column (81), a slide plate (82), and a tension spring (84); two front and rear fixed columns (81) are respectively fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the upper cavity of the box body (1), and the fixed columns (81) are arranged horizontally along the left-right direction; a same slide plate (82) is slidably sleeved on the outer sides of the two fixed columns (81) on the same side, and the slide plate (82) comprises a second horizontal section and a second vertical section, the second horizontal section is arranged horizontally along the front-back direction, the upper end of the second vertical section is fixedly connected to the middle part of the second horizontal section, and the lower end of the second vertical section extends to The upper end opening of the unloading channel on the same side; the second horizontal section is slidably sleeved on the outer sides of the two fixed columns (81); a tension spring (84) is sleeved on the outer sides of the fixed columns (81), one end of the tension spring (84) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper cavity of the box body (1), and the other end of the tension spring (84) is fixedly connected to the second horizontal section of the slide plate (82); a plurality of front and rear knocking rods (83) are fixedly arranged on the second horizontal section of the slide plate (82), the knocking rods (83) are horizontally arranged along the left and right directions, and the knocking rods (83) extend from one end of the slide plate (82) to the baffle plate (4) on the same side.

9. A ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: A dispersion mechanism (9) is also provided on the lower inner side of the box body (1), the dispersion mechanism (9) comprising a connecting rod (91), a support plate (92), a support block (93), a connecting plate (94), and an action rod (95); a connecting hole is provided at each of the four corners of the bottom plate of the box body (1), and a vertical connecting rod (91) is slidably provided in each connecting hole; a horizontal connecting plate (94) is provided at the lower end of the box body (1), and the four corners of the connecting plate (94) are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the four connecting rods (91); A support plate (92) is provided at the inner lower end, and the four corners of the support plate (92) are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the four connecting rods (91); a support block (93) is provided at the upper end of each support rod; the action rod (95) comprises two upper and lower horizontal rods and a vertical rod in the middle, the two action rods (95) are horizontally arranged along the front-back direction, and the rear ends of the two horizontal rods are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the vertical rod respectively; the upper horizontal rod is in contact with the cam (64), and the lower horizontal rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (94).

10. The method for operating a ventilation and dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Start the fan (12) and the water pump (51), so that the external airflow enters the box body (1) through the air inlet (10), the water pump (51) extracts the water in the water storage cavity (13) through the second pipe (54), and outputs the water to the sprayer (53) through the first pipe (52), the sprayer (53) converts the water into water mist and sprays it downward, the sprayed water mist settles the dust particles in the airflow entering the box body (1), the settled dust particles fall onto the second filter (14), the sprayed water flow is filtered by the second filter (14), the filtered water flow is filtered by the second filter (14) and then flows back to the water storage cavity (13); Step 2: After settling, the airflow is filtered by the second filter screen (14) and then enters the air guide shell (71) through the air outlet (11). The airflow flowing inside the air guide shell (71) drives the two blades (74) to rotate. The two blades (74) drive the two rotating shafts (72) to rotate. The two rotating shafts (72) drive the unloading plates (73) to rotate. The unloading plates (73) on both sides generate airflow during the rotation process, and bring part of the gas that escapes to the unloading channels on both sides back to between the two baffles (4), so that the airflow is concentrated and circulated. Step 3, starting the motor (61), the motor (61) drives the reciprocating screw (62) to rotate, the reciprocating screw (62) drives the cleaning plate (63) to slide back and forth, the cleaning plate (63) scrapes the dust on the surface of the first filter (15) and the second filter (14) to prevent the first filter (15) and the second filter (14) from being blocked; the scraped dust is pushed to the left and right sides of the material discharge channel by the reciprocating cleaning plate (63), and then the rotating material discharge plate (73) transports the dust through the material discharge channel to the inner lower end of the box body (1); Step 4: during the rotation of the unloading plate (73), the unloading plate (73) intermittently contacts the lower end of the second vertical section of the slide plate (82), pushing the slide plate (82) toward one side of the baffle plate (4), and the slide plate (82) drives the knocking rod (83) to move synchronously, and the knocking rod (83) contacts the baffle plate (4), thereby knocking the baffle plate (4), causing the water flow and dust particles attached to the baffle plate (4) to vibrate and fall; when the unloading plate (73) is separated from the lower end of the second vertical section of the slide plate (82), the slide plate (82) and the knocking rod (83) are moved and reset by the reset elastic force of the tension spring (84), completing the separation of the knocking rod (83) and the baffle plate (4); Step 5: After the dust particles fall to the lower end of the box body (1), they contact the support plate (92); when the reciprocating screw (62) rotates, the cam (64) is driven to rotate. Since the horizontal rod on the upper side of the action rod (95) contacts the cam (64), the cam (64) can drive the action rod (95) to move up and down when the action rod (95) drives the connecting rod (91) to move up and down, and the connecting plate (94) drives the connecting rod (91) and the support plate (92) to move up and down, so as to achieve the vibration effect of the support plate (92), and the dust particles on the support plate (92) are vibrated and dispersed, so that the dust particles are evenly distributed; after use, the box door (3) is opened, and then the collected dust particles are discharged through the discharge port (2) through the vibrating support plate (92).

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