Small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing Stirling engine and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing a Stirling engine and a control method. In the system, an engine is rotationally connected with a generator of the same module, and the engine comprises a heat absorption part and a heat release part; the input end of the waste heat boiler is communicated with each heat absorption component; the output end of the incinerator communicates with the input ends of the heat absorption components, the first input end of the incinerator communicates with the output ends of the heat absorption components, the second input end of the incinerator communicates with the output end of the waste heat boiler, and waste incineration power generation suitable for different waste combustion amounts and waste combustion values can be achieved. The hardware structure of the waste incineration power generation system is simplified, the cost is reduced, the occupied space is small, the corresponding number of waste power generation modules are arranged according to the actual generation amount of waste, and therefore the system can be suitable for application scenes with low waste yield and application scenes with high waste yield, the temperature and heat exchange amount of heat absorption components of an engine are increased, and the power generation efficiency is improved. And the garbage combustion power generation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power generation control technology, and in particular to a small and medium-sized garbage power generation system and a control method that directly utilizes a Stirling engine. Background Art

[0002] Garbage-to-energy refers to a form of power generation that uses special incineration boilers to burn garbage and then uses steam turbine generator sets to generate electricity. Garbage-to-energy is divided into two categories: garbage incineration power generation and landfill gas power generation. At present, garbage incineration power generation is to burn garbage with a high combustion value in an incineration boiler at high temperature. The heat energy generated during high-temperature incineration heats water and converts it into high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam drives the turbine to rotate and drives the engine to work, so that the generator generates electricity.

[0003] During the implementation process, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems in the traditional technology: the existing garbage incineration power generation system requires a steam turbine, which occupies a large space and has a large initial investment, and is more suitable for large cities with a large daily garbage output. However, for small and medium-sized cities with a relatively small daily garbage output, the steam output decreases accordingly, and there may not be a suitable steam turbine to match it; or there is a steam turbine that matches the steam output, but the economic efficiency is reduced. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a small and medium-sized garbage incineration power generation system and control method that can simplify the hardware structure of the garbage incineration power generation system, reduce costs, occupy less space, and have high garbage combustion power generation efficiency and directly utilize Stirling engines.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a small- to medium-sized garbage power generation system that directly utilizes a Stirling engine, comprising:

[0006] The garbage power generation device comprises a plurality of garbage power generation modules; the garbage power generation module comprises a generator and an engine; the engine is rotationally connected with the generator of the same module, the engine comprises a heat absorbing component and a heat releasing component; the generator is a starting excitation generator;

[0007] A radiator, wherein a first side end of the radiator is in communication with a heat-releasing component of each of the engines, and a second side end of the radiator is configured to be connected to ambient air;

[0008] A waste heat boiler, the input end of which is in communication with each of the heat absorbing components;

[0009] An incinerator, wherein the output end of the incinerator is connected to the input end of each of the heat absorbing components, the first input end of the incinerator is connected to the output end of each of the heat absorbing components, and the second input end of the incinerator is configured to be connected to ambient air;

[0010] Optionally, the waste-to-energy module further includes a liquid cooling circulation pipeline;

[0011] The liquid cooling circulation pipeline is arranged between the heat releasing component or the cold end of the engine and the first side end of the radiator.

[0012] Optionally, the small and medium-sized waste-to-energy system based on the Stirling engine also includes an air preheater and a flue gas purification device;

[0013] The first input end of the air preheater is connected to the output end of the flue gas purification device, the first output end of the air preheater is connected to the environment, the second input end of the air preheater is connected to the second output end of the radiator, and the second output end of the air preheater is connected to the second input end of the incinerator.

[0014] Optionally, the small and medium-sized waste-to-energy system based on the Stirling engine also includes a waste heat power generation device;

[0015] The waste heat power generation device is connected to the first output end of the air preheater.

[0016] Optionally, the heat absorbing component includes a heat collecting tube and an anti-corrosion sleeve; the anti-corrosion sleeve is sleeved on the heat collecting tube.

[0017] Optionally, the flue gas purification device is arranged outside the waste heat boiler, the input end of the flue gas purification device is connected to the output end of the waste heat boiler, and the output end of the flue gas purification device is connected to the first input end of the air preheater;

[0018] Or the flue gas purification device is arranged inside the waste heat boiler, the input end of the flue gas purification device is connected to the internal pipeline of the waste heat boiler, and the output end of the flue gas purification device is connected to the output end of the waste heat boiler.

[0019] Optionally, the waste power generation module further includes a first bypass pipe; a first end of the first bypass pipe is connected to the output end of the incinerator, and a second end of the first bypass pipe is connected to the input end of the waste heat boiler of the same module.

[0020] Optionally, the garbage power generation module further includes a first switch module; the input end of the first switch module is connected to the output end of the incinerator, the first selection end of the first switch module is connected to the first end of the first bypass pipe of the same module, and the second selection end of the first switch module is connected to the input end of the heat absorption component of the same module;

[0021] The first switch module is configured to disconnect the passage between the heat absorbing component of the same module and the incinerator when the engine fails or is regularly overhauled.

[0022] Optionally, the engine is a non-internal combustion engine, and the working fluid of the engine adopts a closed cycle.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for controlling waste-to-energy generation, comprising the following steps:

[0024] When the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine reaches the minimum starting threshold, the control system sends a starting instruction; when the starting instruction is received, a first driving signal is transmitted to the generator, and the first driving signal is used to instruct the generator to drive the engine to start, so as to provide power for the engine starting stage and overcome the friction power consumption and compression power consumption of the engine;

[0025] When it is detected that the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the rotation speed of the generator shaft increases to a preset threshold, the transmission of the first driving signal to the generator is stopped, so that the engine drives the generator to generate electricity;

[0026] When it is detected that the temperature of the engine's heat-absorbing components or the speed of the generator shaft exceeds the maximum threshold, the control system sends a command to the waste heat boiler; the flow rate of the waste heat boiler's inlet water is increased or the temperature of the inlet water is reduced, so as to reduce the temperature of the flue gas flow at the waste heat boiler outlet, and then reduce the temperature of the air at the second output port of the air preheater, and finally reduce the temperature of the engine's heat-absorbing components or the speed of the generator shaft, thereby protecting the engine.

[0027] The generator is a starting excitation generator, and its operation is divided into two stages: in the initial startup, it provides power to the engine and drives the engine to run, which is used to overcome the internal power consumption of the engine such as friction power consumption and compression power consumption; after the engine is started, when the temperature of its heat-absorbing components or the speed of the generator shaft increases to a predetermined threshold, the generator enters a critical state and neither drives nor generates electricity; when the temperature of the engine's heat-absorbing components or the speed of the generator shaft continues to increase, the generator begins to enter the power generation state, and the engine drives the generator to generate electricity.

[0028] Optionally, when it is detected that the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the rotation speed of the generator shaft increases to a preset threshold, the step of stopping transmitting the first drive signal to the generator so that the engine drives the generator to generate electricity includes:

[0029] When an engine failure is detected or the engine cannot be operated due to regular maintenance, the passage between the heat absorbing component of the engine of the same module and the incinerator is disconnected.

[0030] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0031] The above-mentioned small and medium-sized waste power generation system that directly utilizes the Stirling engine includes a waste power generation device, a radiator, a waste heat boiler and an incinerator. The waste power generation device includes several groups of waste power generation modules; the waste power generation module includes a generator and an engine; the engine is rotatably connected to the generator of the same module, and the engine includes a heat absorption component and a heat release component; the first side end of the radiator is connected to the heat release component of each engine, the second side end of the radiator is configured to be connected to the ambient air, the input end of the waste heat boiler is connected to each heat absorption component; the output end of the incinerator is connected to the input end of each heat absorption component, the first input end of the incinerator is connected to the output end of each heat absorption component, and the second input end of the incinerator is connected to the second output end of the air preheater, so that waste incineration power generation suitable for different waste combustion amounts and waste combustion values ​​can be realized. The present application simplifies the hardware structure of the waste incineration power generation system, reduces costs, and occupies a small space. According to the actual amount of waste generated, a corresponding number of waste power generation modules are set, so that it can be applied to application scenarios with low waste production, and can also be applied to application scenarios with high waste production; the waste burns in the incinerator to produce high-temperature gas, which directly exchanges heat with the heat-absorbing components of the engine, transfers heat to the engine, and the engine absorbs the heat and converts the heat into mechanical energy to drive the generator to generate electricity; the gas after the heat exchange with the engine enters the waste heat boiler to further release heat, and the waste heat boiler absorbs heat to produce hot water or high-temperature superheated steam that can be supplied to heat users. After heat exchange with the waste heat boiler, a relatively low-temperature gas is output, which can heat the air to form hot air that enters the incinerator to participate in combustion. In addition, part of the high-temperature gas enters the incinerator after coming out of the heat-absorbing components and can participate in combustion again, which is conducive to stable combustion and can reduce the generation of pollutants. The flue gas recirculation and hot air can increase the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the incinerator, thereby increasing the temperature and heat exchange of the engine's heat-absorbing components, and improving the efficiency of waste combustion power generation.

[0032] In one embodiment, the second input end of the incinerator is connected to the second output end of the gas heat exchanger. Figure 8 As shown, the flue gas is led back from K1 to the second input end of the incinerator. The position where the flue gas is led back can also be switched among K1 / K2 / K3 / K4 according to the stable combustion of the incinerator and the load regulation requirements of the Stirling engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A first structural schematic diagram of a small- to medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing a Stirling engine in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 2 A second structural schematic diagram of a small- to medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing a Stirling engine in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 3A third structural schematic diagram of a small- to medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing a Stirling engine in one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 4 A fourth structural schematic diagram of a small- to medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing a Stirling engine in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 5 A first flow chart of a method for controlling waste-to-energy generation in one embodiment;

[0038] Figure 6 A second flow chart of a method for controlling waste-to-energy generation in one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a radiator of a small- to medium-sized garbage power generation system that directly utilizes a Stirling engine in one embodiment;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the incinerator and the gas heat exchanger in one embodiment.

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] 10. Waste-to-energy device; 110. Waste-to-energy module; 120. Generator; 130. Engine; 140. First bypass pipe; 150. First switch module; 20. Waste heat boiler; 30. Incinerator; 40. Air preheater; 50. Waste heat power generation device; 60. Flue gas purification device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0045] In addition, the term "plurality" shall mean two or more.

[0046] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0047] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a small and medium-sized garbage power generation system that directly utilizes a Stirling engine is provided, and the power generation system includes a garbage power generation device 10, a waste heat boiler 20, an incinerator 30, and a radiator. The garbage power generation device 10 includes a plurality of garbage power generation modules 110; the garbage power generation module 110 includes a generator 120 and an engine 130; the engine 130 is connected to the generator 120 of the same module through an axis, and the engine 130 includes a heat absorbing component (or hot end) and a heat releasing component (or cold end); the first side end of the radiator is connected to the heat releasing component of each engine through a liquid cooling pipe, and the second side end of the radiator is configured to be connected to the ambient air; the input end of the waste heat boiler 20 is connected to each heat absorbing component; the output end of the incinerator 30 is connected to the input end of each heat absorbing component, the first input end of the incinerator 30 is connected to the output end of each heat absorbing component, and the second input end of the incinerator 30 is connected to the atmospheric environment.

[0048] Among them, a small and medium-sized garbage power generation system that directly uses a Stirling engine can be applied to garbage power generation in cities or towns. The garbage power generation device 10 can include a plurality of garbage power generation modules 110, and the number of garbage power generation modules 110 can be determined according to the garbage output of the city or town. For example, a small city with a garbage output of 40 to 400 tons per day can use a group of garbage power generation modules 110, and a city with a high garbage output can use multiple groups of garbage power generation modules 110.

[0049] The engine 130 is a non-internal combustion engine, and the working fluid of the engine 130 adopts a closed cycle. The engine 130 can be an external combustion engine, for example, the engine 130 can be a Stirling engine 130. The engine 130 can be used to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, thereby driving the generator 120 to rotate and generate electricity. The generator 120 is connected to the engine 130 of the same module through an axis rotation. The engine 130 may include a heat absorbing component and a heat releasing component; wherein the heat absorbing component may include a heat absorbing pipe, and the heat releasing component may include a heat releasing pipe. The discharger is a starting excitation engine.

[0050] The heat absorbing component of the engine 130 may be configured as a convection heat exchange structure, for example, the heat absorbing component may be a tube-fin structure. The heat releasing component may use a liquid medium to cool the heat releasing end of the engine 130, for example, the liquid medium may be water or antifreeze. A radiator may be provided, and the heat releasing component of the engine 130 is cooled and dissipated by the radiator, thereby improving the working efficiency of the engine 130. Exemplarily, the first side end of the radiator is connected to the heat releasing component of the engine through a liquid cooling pipe, and the second side end of the radiator is configured to be connected to the outside air. The liquid cooling medium circulates between the heat releasing component of the engine 130 and the radiator through the liquid cooling pipe, and the medium absorbs heat at the heat releasing component of the engine 130, and then flows into the first side end of the radiator, and the air flowing into the second side end of the radiator cools the liquid cooling medium, and the cooled liquid medium flows into the heat releasing component of the engine again, and the cooling is circulated in this way. The liquid medium circulates between the heat-releasing components of the engine 130 and the radiator. Using the liquid medium for the same heat exchange amount can reduce the volume and surface area of ​​the heat-releasing components, thereby improving the pressure ratio of the engine 130 and further improving the working efficiency and power of the engine 130.

[0051] The radiator is used to cool the liquid medium that cools the heat-releasing components of the engine 130, thereby improving the working efficiency of the engine 130. Based on the first side end of the radiator being connected to the heat-releasing components of each engine 130, the second side end of the radiator is configured to be connected to the ambient air. Figure 7 As shown, the radiator has two input ends and two output ends connected to the ambient air, one of which is selected to be connected to the second input end of the air preheater, and the other output end is directly connected to the atmospheric environment; the input ends are all atmospheric environments. . The liquid medium circulates between the heat release component of the engine 130 and the radiator. The same heat exchange amount is exchanged with the liquid medium, which can reduce the volume and surface area of ​​the heat release component, thereby improving the pressure ratio of the engine 130, and further improving the work efficiency and power of the engine 130. The liquid medium absorbs heat in the heat release component and heats up, and is cooled by the ambient air (such as air) introduced into the radiator. The radiator is characterized by a large heat dissipation capacity, but the temperature of the cooled working fluid is relatively low, generally below 100°C. If all the air flowing out of the radiator flows into the second input end of the air preheater, it will not only reduce the efficiency of the entire power generation system, but also make it difficult to meet the requirements of the engine 130 for the heat dissipation power and of the radiator. Therefore, the radiator is provided with two air ducts: the fan of the first air duct draws air from the environment, cools the radiator, and finally discharges it into the atmosphere; the fan of the second air duct draws air from the environment, cools the radiator, and then flows into the second inlet of the air preheater. The difference between the fans in the two air ducts is: the flow rate of the first air duct is large and the air pressure is low; the flow rate of the second air duct is small and the air pressure is high. The total cooling effect of the two air ducts on the radiator should meet the cooling requirements of the engine 130.

[0052] In one example, the second air duct of the radiator can be eliminated, and all cooling air with a certain pressure is provided by a fan, which flows through the radiator and is discharged into the atmosphere. In order to maintain the original parameters of the engine 130, the air volume of the fan should be able to keep the circulation temperature of the liquid coolant circulating between the engine heat release component and the radiator unchanged. At the same time, a fan is set at the second input end of the air preheater to draw air from the environment, which flows into the second input end of the air preheater after being pressurized by the fan, flows out from the second output end of the air preheater, and enters the second input end of the incinerator. In one example, the garbage power generation module 110 also includes a liquid cooling circulation pipeline; the liquid cooling circulation pipeline is arranged between the heat release component and the first side end of the radiator. Among them, the liquid cooling pipeline can be used to input a liquid cooling medium to cool the heat release component of the engine 130 through the liquid medium. Based on the liquid cooling circulation pipe being arranged between the heat releasing component and the first side end of the radiator, for example, the heat releasing component can be tightly fitted on the first side end of the liquid cooling circulation pipe, and the second side end of the radiator can be tightly fitted on the second side end of the liquid cooling circulation pipe. The liquid medium (such as water) circulates between the heat releasing component and the radiator of the engine 130, so that the heat releasing component and the radiator exchange heat, and the radiator is cooled by air, so that the volume and surface area of ​​the heat releasing component can be reduced, and the working efficiency of the engine 130 can be improved.

[0053] The incinerator 30 can be used to incinerate garbage to generate high-temperature combustion gas. For example, the garbage burns in the incinerator 30 to generate high-temperature combustion gas with a temperature of 800 to 1200°C. Since the output end of the incinerator 30 is connected to the input end of the heat absorbing component of each engine 130, the high-temperature combustion gas generated by the incinerator 30 is directly transmitted to the heat absorbing component of the engine 130. Heat is exchanged through the heat absorbing component of the engine 130 to transfer heat to the engine 130, so that the engine 130 absorbs heat and converts the heat into mechanical energy, driving the generator 120 to generate electricity.

[0054] The waste heat boiler 20 can be used to further release heat from the secondary fuel gas output after the engine 130 completes heat exchange. The waste heat boiler 20 can generate high-temperature steam or hot water for users after absorbing the heat of the secondary fuel gas.

[0055] Based on the input end of the waste heat boiler 20 being connected with each heat absorbing component, the secondary fuel gas outputted by the engine 130 after the heat exchange is completed is transmitted to the waste heat boiler 20, and the heat is released to the waste heat boiler 20. The waste heat boiler 20 absorbs the heat of the secondary fuel gas to generate steam or hot water for users. Exemplarily, the waste heat boiler 20 can also be used to load adjust the system: for example, when the output of urban garbage increases, but it is not enough to add another set of garbage power generation modules 110 to consume the heat generated by the increased garbage, the output of steam or hot water of the waste heat boiler 20 can be adjusted to adapt to the change of garbage output.

[0056] Based on the fact that the first input end of the incinerator 30 is connected with the output end of each heat absorbing component, the second input end of the incinerator 30 is connected with the second output end of the air preheater, and then the hot air passing through the air preheater is returned to the incinerator 30. In addition, part of the secondary fuel gas passing through the output end of the corresponding heat absorbing component is also returned to the incinerator 30 to participate in the combustion, which is beneficial to stable combustion and reduces the generation of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, thereby increasing the temperature and heat exchange of the heat absorbing components of the engine 130, thereby improving the efficiency of garbage combustion power generation.

[0057] In the above-mentioned embodiment, it is possible to realize waste incineration power generation applicable to different waste combustion amounts and waste combustion values, simplify the hardware structure of the waste incineration power generation system, reduce costs, and occupy a small space. According to the actual amount of waste generated, a corresponding number of waste power generation modules 110 are set, so that it can be applicable to application scenarios with low waste production, and can also be applicable to application scenarios with high waste production; the waste is burned in the incinerator 30 to generate high-temperature combustion gas, and the high-temperature combustion gas directly exchanges heat with the heat-absorbing components of the engine 130, and transfers the heat to the engine 130. After absorbing the heat, the engine 130 converts the heat into mechanical energy to drive the generator 120 to generate electricity; the gas after completing the heat exchange with the engine 130 enters the waste heat boiler 20 to further release heat, and the waste heat boiler 20 absorbs the heat to generate high-temperature superheated steam that can be supplied to the steam application object. After heat exchange with the waste heat boiler 20, relatively low-temperature combustion gas is output, which can heat the air to form hot air that enters the incinerator 30 to participate in combustion. In addition, some high-temperature combustion gas comes out of the heat-absorbing component and enters the incinerator 30 to participate in combustion again, which is beneficial to stable combustion and reduces the generation of pollutants. Flue gas recirculation and hot air can increase the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the incinerator 30, thereby increasing the temperature and heat exchange capacity of the heat-absorbing component of the engine 130, thereby improving the efficiency of waste combustion power generation.

[0058] In one embodiment, Figure 2As shown, the small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing the Stirling engine also includes an air preheater 40; the first input end of the air preheater 40 is connected to the output end of the flue gas purification device, the first output end of the air preheater 40 is connected to the environment, the second input end of the air preheater 40 is connected to the second output end of the radiator, and the second output end of the air preheater 40 is connected to the second input end of the incinerator.

[0059] The air preheater 40 may be used to heat the external air to obtain hot air.

[0060] In one example, if Figure 3 As shown, a small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing a Stirling engine further includes a waste heat power generation device 50 ; the waste heat power generation device 50 is connected to the first output end of the air preheater 40 .

[0061] The waste heat power generation device 50 refers to an ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) waste heat power generation device 50. The temperature of the secondary fuel gas outputted from the air preheater 40 after heat exchange is 120 to 220°C.

[0062] Optionally, the waste heat power generation device 50 may not be provided, and at the same time, the heat exchange area of ​​the air preheater is enlarged so that the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the first output end of the air preheater is not higher than 120°C.

[0063] The waste heat power generation device 50 is connected to the first output end of the air preheater 40, and the secondary fuel gas output after heat exchange of the air preheater 40 is transmitted to the waste heat power generation device 50, and electricity is generated by the waste heat power generation device 50, thereby further improving the power generation efficiency of garbage combustion.

[0064] In one example, the heat absorption component of the engine 130 includes a heat collecting tube and an anti-corrosion sleeve; the anti-corrosion sleeve is sleeved on the heat collecting tube.

[0065] The anti-corrosion sleeve can be a hollow ceramic tube, which is sleeved on the heat collecting tube, so that the anti-corrosion sleeve covers the heat collecting tube, and the inner wall of the anti-corrosion sleeve fits tightly with the outer surface of the heat collecting tube, thereby preventing the heat collecting tube from being corroded by the corrosive components in the high-temperature gas.

[0066] For example, an anti-corrosion coating (plating) layer may be provided on the surface of the heat absorbing component of the engine 130 to prevent the heat collecting pipe from being corroded by the corrosive components in the high-temperature combustion gas. If the anti-corrosion coating (plating) layer is effective, the anti-corrosion sleeve may be eliminated.

[0067] In one example, if Figure 3As shown, a small and medium-sized waste-to-energy system that directly utilizes a Stirling engine also includes a flue gas purification device 60; the flue gas purification device 60 is arranged outside the waste heat boiler 20, the input end of the flue gas purification device 60 is connected to the output end of the waste heat boiler 20, and the output end of the flue gas purification device 60 is connected to the first input end of the air preheater 40.

[0068] The flue gas purification device 60 may be used to filter and purify the flue gas output by the waste heat boiler 20, and transmit the treated gas to the air preheater 40 to achieve environmentally friendly exhaust gas.

[0069] For example, the flue gas purification device 60 can be arranged outside the waste heat boiler 20. The garbage burns in the incinerator 30 to generate high-temperature combustion gas, which is directly transmitted to the heat-absorbing component of the engine 130. The heat is transferred to the engine 130 through the heat-absorbing component of the engine 130, so that the engine 130 absorbs the heat and converts the heat into mechanical energy, driving the generator 120 to generate electricity. Then, the secondary combustion gas after the first heat exchange enters the waste heat boiler 20 for the second heat exchange, and releases the heat to the waste heat boiler 20. The waste heat boiler 20 absorbs the heat of the secondary combustion gas to generate steam or hot water for users. After the secondary fuel gas is output from the waste heat boiler 20, a portion of the fuel gas enters the flue gas purification device 60, is filtered and purified by the flue gas purification device 60, and is then transmitted to the air preheater 40; the air preheater 40 heats the air input from the radiator based on the heat of the secondary fuel gas, thereby obtaining hot air, and returns the hot air to the incinerator 30; in addition, a portion of the secondary fuel gas passing through the output end of the corresponding heat absorbing component is also returned to the incinerator 30 to participate in the combustion, which is beneficial to stable combustion and reduces the generation of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, thereby increasing the temperature and heat exchange capacity of the heat absorbing components of the engine 130, thereby improving the efficiency of waste combustion power generation.

[0070] In one example, the flue gas purification device 60 is disposed inside the waste heat boiler 20 , the input end of the flue gas purification device 60 is communicated with the internal pipeline of the waste heat boiler 20 , and the output end of the flue gas purification device 60 is communicated with the output end of the waste heat boiler 20 .

[0071] For example, the flue gas purification device 60 can be arranged inside the waste heat boiler 20. The garbage burns in the incinerator 30 to generate high-temperature combustion gas, which is directly transmitted to the heat-absorbing component of the engine 130. The heat is transferred to the engine 130 through the heat-absorbing component of the engine 130. The engine 130 absorbs the heat and converts it into mechanical energy, driving the generator 120 to generate electricity. Then, the secondary combustion gas after the first heat exchange enters the waste heat boiler 20 for the second heat exchange, releasing the heat to the waste heat boiler 20. The waste heat boiler 20 absorbs the heat of the secondary combustion gas to generate steam or hot water for users. The secondary fuel gas is filtered and purified by the flue gas purification device 60 inside the waste heat boiler 20 and then transmitted to the air preheater 40 to achieve environmentally friendly exhaust gas; the air preheater 40 heats the input air based on the heat of the secondary fuel gas to obtain hot air, and returns the hot air to the incinerator 30; in addition, part of the secondary fuel gas at the output end of the corresponding heat absorbing component is also returned to the incinerator 30 to participate in the combustion, which is beneficial to stable combustion and reduces the generation of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, thereby increasing the temperature and heat exchange capacity of the heat absorbing components of the engine 130, thereby improving the efficiency of waste combustion power generation.

[0072] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the garbage power generation module 110 also includes a first bypass pipe 140; a first end of the first bypass pipe 140 is connected to the output end of the incinerator 30, and a second end of the first bypass pipe 140 is connected to the input end of the waste heat boiler 20 of the same module.

[0073] The first bypass pipe 140 can be used to short-circuit the heat absorbing component of the engine 130 when the engine 130 fails, thereby improving the safety of the power generation system. For example, the working state of the engine 130 can be monitored in real time. When it is detected that the engine 130 fails, the first bypass pipe 140 is opened so that the high-temperature gas does not pass through the heat absorbing component of the engine 130, but directly flows into the waste heat boiler 20.

[0074] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the garbage power generation module 110 also includes a first switch module 150; the input end of the first switch module 150 is connected to the output end of the incinerator 30, the first selection end of the first switch module 150 is connected to the first end of the first bypass pipe 140 of the same module, and the second selection end of the first switch module 150 is connected to the input end of the heat absorption component of the same module; the first switch module 150 is configured to disconnect the passage between the heat absorption component of the same module and the incinerator 30 when the engine 130 fails or needs to be shut down for maintenance.

[0075] Among them, the first switch module 150 can be but not limited to a solenoid valve. For example, the first switch module 150 can be a three-way valve. Based on the input end of the first switch module 150 being connected to the first output end of the incinerator 30, the first selection end of the first switch module 150 is connected to the first end of the first bypass pipe 140 of the same module, and the second selection end of the first switch module 150 is connected to the input end of the heat absorption component of the same module. Then, when it is detected that the engine 130 fails or needs to be shut down for maintenance, the first selection end of the first switch module 150 is turned on, so that the first bypass pipe 140 is turned on, and the heat absorption component of the engine 130 is disconnected, so that the high-temperature gas does not pass through the heat absorption component of the engine 130, but directly flows into the waste heat boiler 20. When it is monitored that the engine 130 is operating normally, the second selection end of the first switch module 150 is turned on, so that the first bypass pipe 140 is disconnected, and the heat absorption component of the engine 130 is turned on to operate, so that the high-temperature gas passes through the heat absorption component of the engine 130, and the engine 130 absorbs heat and converts it into mechanical energy to drive the generator 120 to generate electricity.

[0076] In the above-mentioned embodiment, waste incineration power generation suitable for different waste combustion amounts and waste combustion values ​​can be realized, the hardware structure of the waste incineration power generation system is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the space occupied is small. According to the actual amount of waste generated, a corresponding number of waste power generation modules 110 are set, so that it can be applicable to application scenarios with low waste production, and can also be applicable to application scenarios with high waste production.

[0077] It should be noted that the Stirling engine-based small and medium-sized waste-to-energy system of the present application is suitable not only for burning waste, but also for burning inferior fuels such as biomass and residual oil, or for mixing waste with inferior fuels such as biomass and residual oil at the same time.

[0078] Step S510, when the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine reaches the minimum starting threshold, the control system sends a starting instruction; when the starting instruction is received, a first drive signal is transmitted to the generator, and the first drive signal is used to instruct the generator to drive the engine to start.

[0079] The generator is a starting excitation generator. The first drive signal may be a PWM signal. The start instruction may be used to instruct the small and medium-sized waste power generation system based on the Stirling engine to start. For example, the small and medium-sized waste power generation system based on the Stirling engine may include a control device, which may generate a first drive signal upon receiving the start instruction, and transmit the first drive signal to the generator, so that the generator provides initial power to the engine at the initial stage of engine start.

[0080] Step S520, when it is detected that the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the rotation speed of the generator shaft increases to a preset threshold, stop transmitting the first drive signal to the generator, so that the engine drives the generator to generate electricity.

[0081] When the engine is started, the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine can be monitored in real time. When it is detected that the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the rotation speed of the generator shaft increases to a preset threshold, the transmission of the first driving signal to the generator is stopped. As the rotation speed of the generator shaft further increases, the engine starts to drive the generator to generate electricity, that is, the generator automatically enters the power generation state from the driving state as the shaft rotation speed increases.

[0082] Step S530, when it is detected that the temperature of the engine's heat absorbing component or the rotation speed of the generator shaft exceeds the maximum threshold, the control system sends a command to the waste heat boiler; increases the flow rate of water inlet to the waste heat boiler or reduces the temperature of the water inlet, so as to reduce the temperature of the flue gas flow at the waste heat boiler outlet, and then reduces the temperature of the air at the second output port of the air preheater, and finally reduces the temperature of the engine's heat absorbing component or the rotation speed of the generator shaft, thereby protecting the engine.

[0083] Among them, the generator is a starting excitation generator, and its work is divided into two stages: in the initial startup, it provides power to the engine and drives the engine to run, which is used to overcome the internal power consumption of the engine such as friction power consumption and compression power consumption; after the engine is started, when the temperature of its heat-absorbing components or the speed of the generator shaft increases to a predetermined threshold, the generator enters a critical state, neither driving nor generating electricity. When the temperature of the engine's heat-absorbing components or the speed of the generator shaft continues to increase, the generator begins to enter the power generation state, and the engine drives the generator to generate electricity.

[0084] In one embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, a control method for waste power generation is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0085] Step S610, when the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine reaches the minimum starting threshold, the control system sends a starting instruction; when the starting instruction is received, a first drive signal is transmitted to the generator, and the first drive signal is used to instruct the generator to drive the engine to start.

[0086] For the specific description of the above step S610, please refer to the description of the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0087] Step S620, when it is detected that the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the rotation speed of the generator shaft increases to a preset threshold, stop transmitting the first drive signal to the generator, so that the engine drives the generator to generate electricity.

[0088] For the specific description of the above step S620, please refer to the description of the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] Step S630, when it is detected that the engine fails or the engine cannot be operated due to regular maintenance, the passage between the heat absorbing component of the engine of the same module and the incinerator is disconnected.

[0090] For example, the working state of the engine can be monitored in real time. When it is detected that the engine fails or cannot be operated due to regular maintenance, the first selection end of the first switch module is turned on, so that the first bypass pipe is turned on, and the passage between the heat-absorbing component of the engine of the same module and the incinerator is disconnected, so that the hot air does not pass through the heat-absorbing component of the engine, but directly flows into the waste heat boiler. Further, when it is detected that the engine is working normally, the second selection end of the first switch module is turned on, so that the first bypass pipe is disconnected, and the heat-absorbing component of the engine is turned on and working, so that the hot air passes through the heat-absorbing component of the engine, and the engine absorbs heat and converts it into mechanical energy to drive the generator to generate electricity.

[0091] Step S640, when it is detected that the temperature of the engine's heat absorbing component or the speed of the generator shaft exceeds the maximum threshold, the control system sends an instruction to the waste heat boiler; increases the flow rate of water inlet to the waste heat boiler, thereby reducing the temperature of the engine's heat absorbing component or the speed of the generator shaft, thereby protecting the engine.

[0092] It should be understood that although Figures 5 and 6 The steps in the flowchart are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified in this document, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, Figures 5 and 6 At least part of the steps may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0093] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of any of the above-mentioned waste-to-energy control methods are implemented.

[0094] In one example, the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0095] When the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine reaches the minimum starting threshold, the control system sends a starting instruction; when the starting instruction is received, a first drive signal is transmitted to the generator, and the first drive signal is used to instruct the generator to drive the engine to start; when it is detected that the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the speed of the generator shaft increases to a preset threshold, the transmission of the first drive signal to the generator is stopped, so that the engine drives the generator to generate electricity; when it is detected that the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the speed of the generator shaft exceeds the maximum threshold, the control system sends an instruction to the waste heat boiler; the flow rate of water inlet to the waste heat boiler is increased to reduce the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the speed of the generator shaft, thereby protecting the engine.

[0096] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

[0097] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0098] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly using a Stirling engine, characterized in that: include: A garbage power generation device, the garbage power generation device comprises a plurality of garbage power generation modules; the garbage power generation modules comprise a generator and an engine; the engine is rotationally connected to the generator of the same module, the engine comprises a heat absorbing component and a heat releasing component; the generator is a starting excitation generator; A radiator, wherein a first side end of the radiator is in communication with a heat-releasing component of each of the engines, and a second side end of the radiator is configured to be connected to ambient air; A waste heat boiler, the input end of which is in communication with each of the heat absorbing components; An incinerator, wherein the output end of the incinerator is connected to the input end of each of the heat absorbing components, the first input end of the incinerator is connected to the output end of each of the heat absorbing components, and the second input end of the incinerator is configured to be connected to ambient air.

2. The small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing Stirling engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an air preheater and a flue gas purification device; The input of the flue gas purification device is connected to the output of the waste heat boiler, and the output end of the flue gas purification device is connected to the first input end of the air preheater. The first output end of the air preheater is connected to the environment, the second input end of the air preheater is connected to the second output end of the radiator, and the second output end of the air preheater is connected to the second input end of the incinerator.

3. The small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing Stirling engine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It also includes a waste heat power generation device; The waste heat power generation device is connected to the first output end of the air preheater.

4. The small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing Stirling engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat absorbing component comprises a heat collecting tube and an anti-corrosion sleeve; the anti-corrosion sleeve is sleeved on the heat collecting tube.

5. The small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing Stirling engine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The flue gas purification device is arranged outside the waste heat boiler, the input end of the flue gas purification device is connected to the output end of the waste heat boiler, and the output end of the flue gas purification device is connected to the first input end of the air preheater; Or the flue gas purification device is arranged inside the waste heat boiler, the input end of the flue gas purification device is connected to the internal pipeline of the waste heat boiler, and the output end of the flue gas purification device is connected to the output end of the waste heat boiler.

6. The small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing Stirling engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waste power generation module also includes a first bypass pipe; a first end of the first bypass pipe is connected to the output end of the incinerator, and a second end of the first bypass pipe is connected to the input end of the waste heat boiler of the same module.

7. The small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing Stirling engine according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The garbage power generation module also includes a first switch module; the input end of the first switch module is connected to the output end of the incinerator, the first selection end of the first switch module is connected to the first end of the first bypass pipe of the same module, and the second selection end of the first switch module is connected to the input end of the heat absorbing component of the same module; The first switch module is configured to disconnect the passage between the heat absorbing component and the incinerator of the same module when the engine fails or undergoes regular maintenance.

8. The small and medium-sized garbage power generation system directly utilizing a Stirling engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waste-to-energy module also includes a liquid cooling circulation pipeline; The liquid cooling circulation pipeline is arranged between the heat releasing component or the cold end of the engine and the first side end of the radiator.

9. The small and medium-sized garbage power generation system based on Stirling engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The engine is a non-internal combustion engine, and the working medium of the engine adopts a closed cycle.

10. A method for controlling waste-to-energy generation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine reaches the minimum starting threshold, the control system sends a starting instruction; when the starting instruction is received, a first driving signal is transmitted to the generator, wherein the first driving signal is used to instruct the generator to drive the engine to start; When it is detected that the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the rotation speed of the generator shaft increases to a preset threshold, the transmission of the first driving signal to the generator is stopped, so that the engine drives the generator to generate electricity; When it is detected that the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the rotation speed of the generator shaft exceeds the maximum threshold, the control system sends an instruction to the waste heat boiler; the flow rate of water inlet to the waste heat boiler is increased or the temperature of the water inlet is reduced, so as to reduce the temperature of the flue gas flow at the waste heat boiler outlet, and then reduce the temperature of the air at the second output port of the air preheater, and finally reduce the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the rotation speed of the generator shaft, thereby protecting the engine.

11. The control method for waste-to-energy according to claim 10, characterized in that: After the step of stopping transmitting the first drive signal to the generator when it is detected that the temperature of the heat absorbing component of the engine or the rotation speed of the generator shaft increases to a preset threshold value so that the engine drives the generator to generate electricity, the step includes: When it is detected that the engine fails or the engine cannot be operated due to regular maintenance, the passage between the heat absorbing component of the engine of the same module and the incinerator is disconnected.

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