Method for continuously adjusting braking force of yaw system of wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind driven generator. The method comprises the following steps that the total braking torque needing to be provided by a yaw friction plate component of a wind driven generator, the total braking area of different braking faces and the positive pressure borne by friction plates of the corresponding braking faces are obtained; according to the total braking torque needing to be provided by the same braking surface friction plate and the positive pressure borne by the corresponding braking surface friction plate, the equivalent friction coefficient of the braking surface friction plate is calculated, and according to the friction coefficient of the first friction plate and the friction coefficient of the second friction plate, the total braking area is obtained by combining the equivalent friction coefficient of the friction plates. And respectively calculating and confirming the brake area proportions of the first friction plates and the second friction plates on the corresponding brake surfaces, confirming the number of the first friction plates and the number of the second friction plates, and mounting the first friction plates and the second friction plates on the brake surfaces corresponding to the calipers or the bottom plate. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of continuous and convenient adjustment of the brake force of the clamp, low cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine braking, and in particular to a method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] The yaw system is an important component of a wind turbine. Its function in a wind turbine is to rotate the nacelle to ensure that the wind turbine rotor is always consistent with the wind direction, thereby ensuring that the wind turbine maintains maximum wind energy absorption efficiency.

[0003] The yaw system is generally divided into active yaw system and passive yaw system. Active yaw uses a hydraulic system to control the yaw braking force, and passive yaw uses spring loading to provide yaw braking force. The braking force does not change during the operation of the yaw system. At present, the passive yaw system adjusts the yaw braking force by adjusting the rotation angle of the yaw system adjustment bolt and developing friction plates with different friction coefficients.

[0004] However, the adjustment process of the adjusting bolt is complicated and difficult to implement on site, and the friction coefficient range of the friction plate is limited. The friction coefficient of the friction plate currently used in the brake caliper generally includes several fixed types, which cannot achieve continuous adjustment of the yaw braking force.

[0005] Among them, the low friction coefficient friction plate leads to a decrease in the braking force of a single caliper. In order to increase the braking coefficient, the system needs to be configured with an increased number of calipers and an increase in the specifications of the yaw gear ring, which ultimately leads to an increase in the cost of the yaw system and the entire machine. The high friction coefficient friction plate leads to a high braking force of a single caliper, which increases the fatigue pressure of the yaw gearbox. The number or specifications of yaw drives need to be upgraded, which ultimately leads to an increase in the cost of the yaw system and the entire machine.

[0006] In summary, the existing yaw system has a constant braking force during braking. The braking force of the yaw system is adjusted by using a friction plate, which requires improvement of the yaw system and has a high cost for the entire machine. In addition, the friction coefficient of the yaw system, i.e. the braking force, cannot be continuously adjusted and has poor adaptability. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine in order to overcome the defects of the prior art that the yaw system caliper uses a friction plate with a single friction coefficient, which results in the friction coefficient of the caliper being unable to be continuously adjusted and thus deviating from the required braking force, or the friction plate with a customized friction coefficient is costly.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine generator, wherein the yaw system comprises a gear ring and a caliper, wherein a friction plate is arranged between the gear ring and the caliper, wherein the friction plate comprises a first friction plate and a second friction plate, wherein the friction coefficient of the first friction plate is greater than that of the second friction plate, and wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0010] Obtain the total braking torque that the wind turbine yaw friction plate component needs to provide, and respectively obtain the total braking area of ​​different braking surfaces and the positive pressure on the corresponding braking surface friction plate;

[0011] According to the total braking torque that the friction pad of the same brake surface needs to provide and the positive pressure on the friction pad of the brake surface, the equivalent friction coefficient of the friction pad of the brake surface is calculated.

[0012] According to the friction coefficients of the first friction plate and the second friction plate, combined with the equivalent friction coefficients of the friction plates and the total braking area, respectively calculate and confirm the braking area ratios of the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the corresponding braking surface;

[0013] According to the ratio of the braking area of ​​the first friction plate and the second friction plate corresponding to the braking surface to the total braking area, the quantity of the first friction plate and the second friction plate is determined, and they are installed to the corresponding caliper or base plate position of the braking surface.

[0014] Furthermore, an upper friction plate area is provided between the base plate and the upper surface of the ring gear, and a lower friction plate area is provided between the caliper and the lower surface of the ring gear; the first friction plate and the second friction plate are arranged in the upper friction plate area or the lower friction plate area, and the first friction plate and the second friction plate are evenly distributed around the ring gear.

[0015] Furthermore, the method for installing the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the caliper is as follows: in the lower friction plate area of ​​the same caliper, only the first type of friction plate or the second type of friction plate is installed.

[0016] Furthermore, the method for installing the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the caliper is as follows: in the lower friction plate area of ​​the same caliper, the first type of friction plate and the second type of friction plate are mixedly installed.

[0017] Furthermore, the method for installing the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the bottom plate is as follows: in the upper friction plate area of ​​the same bottom plate, the first type of friction plate and the second type of friction plate are mixedly installed.

[0018] Furthermore, the method for installing the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the base plate is as follows:

[0019] The upper friction plate area of ​​the bottom plate includes a first arc-shaped sub-area and a second arc-shaped sub-area which are coaxially arranged, and the second arc-shaped sub-area is located on a side of the first arc-shaped sub-area away from the center of the gear ring;

[0020] The first friction plate is installed in the first arc-shaped sub-area, and the second friction plate is installed in the second arc-shaped sub-area.

[0021] Furthermore, the method for installing the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the base plate is as follows:

[0022] The upper friction plate area of ​​the bottom plate includes a first arc-shaped sub-area and a second arc-shaped sub-area which are coaxially arranged, and the second arc-shaped sub-area is located on a side of the first arc-shaped sub-area away from the center of the gear ring;

[0023] The first friction plate is installed in the upper friction plate area of ​​the bottom plate, and a fixed lubricating member is arranged in the second arc-shaped sub-area of ​​the friction plate area on the bottom plate to reduce the friction coefficient of the second arc-shaped sub-area.

[0024] Furthermore, the braking areas of the first friction plate and the second friction plate are calculated by the braking force of the corresponding position and the total braking area of ​​the friction plates, and the specific expression is:

[0025] F b =(μ1A1+μ2A2)×F N

[0026] A0=A1+A2

[0027] Where: F b is the preset braking force of the corresponding position, μ1 is the friction coefficient of the first friction plate, μ2 is the friction coefficient of the second friction plate, F N is the positive pressure on the friction plate, A0 is the total braking area of ​​the friction plate, A1 is the required braking area of ​​the first friction plate, and A2 is the required braking area of ​​the second friction plate.

[0028] Furthermore, the equivalent friction coefficient obtained by the cooperation of the first friction plate and the second friction plate is in the range of 0.05-0.45.

[0029] Furthermore, the braking areas of the first friction plate and the second friction plate are equal.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] (1) This solution obtains the equivalent friction coefficient corresponding to the friction plate according to the preset braking torque of the corresponding position before assembling the friction plate of the caliper at the corresponding position, and then uses a variety of friction plates with different friction coefficients to make the braking torque of the caliper at the corresponding position meet the preset requirements. This method can achieve continuous adjustment of the friction coefficient of the caliper, and then achieve continuous adjustment of the braking torque, avoiding the situation where the braking torque of the caliper at the corresponding position deviates from the preset braking torque due to the use of a single friction plate, thereby improving the braking effect of the yaw system. Compared with the friction plate with a customized friction coefficient, the adjustment method using a multi-coefficient friction plate is convenient and efficient, has a wider range of applications and lower costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method for continuous adjustment of the braking force of a yaw system provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first installation of the first friction plate and the second friction plate provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A second installation schematic diagram of the first friction plate and the second friction plate provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A third installation schematic diagram of the first friction plate and the second friction plate provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 A fourth installation schematic diagram of the first friction plate and the second friction plate provided by the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1, first friction plate, 2, second friction plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine generator, wherein the yaw system comprises a gear ring and a caliper, wherein a friction plate is arranged between the gear ring and the caliper, wherein the friction plate comprises a first friction plate and a second friction plate, wherein the friction coefficient of the first friction plate is greater than that of the second friction plate, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1: Obtain the total braking torque that the wind turbine yaw friction plate component needs to provide, and respectively obtain the total braking area of ​​different braking surfaces and the positive pressure on the corresponding braking surface friction plate;

[0047] S2: Calculate the equivalent friction coefficient of the friction pad on the same braking surface based on the total braking torque that the friction pad on the braking surface needs to provide and the positive pressure on the friction pad on the braking surface.

[0048] S3: Calculate and confirm the braking area ratios of the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the corresponding braking surface according to the friction coefficients of the first friction plate and the second friction plate, combined with the equivalent friction coefficients of the friction plates and the total braking area;

[0049] S4: According to the ratio of the braking area of ​​the first friction plate and the second friction plate corresponding to the braking surface to the total braking area, the number of the first friction plate and the second friction plate are determined, and the first friction plate and the second friction plate are installed at the corresponding caliper or base plate position of the braking surface.

[0050] Before assembling the friction plate of the caliper at the corresponding position, according to the preset braking torque of the position, the equivalent friction coefficient corresponding to the friction plate is obtained, and then a plurality of friction plates with different friction coefficients are used in combination to make the braking torque of the caliper at the position meet the preset requirements. This method can realize the continuous adjustment of the friction coefficient of the caliper, and then realize the continuous adjustment of the braking torque, avoiding the situation where the braking torque of the caliper at the corresponding position deviates from the preset braking torque due to the use of a single friction plate, and improving the braking effect of the yaw system. Compared with the friction plate with customized friction coefficient, the adjustment method of the multi-coefficient friction plate is convenient and efficient, with a wider range of applications and lower costs.

[0051] The braking areas of the first friction plate and the second friction plate are calculated by the braking force of the corresponding position and the total braking area of ​​the friction plates. The specific expression is:

[0052] F b =(μ1A1+μ2A2)×F N

[0053] A0=A1+A2

[0054] Where: F b is the preset braking force of the corresponding position, μ1 is the friction coefficient of the first friction plate, μ2 is the friction coefficient of the second friction plate, F N is the positive pressure on the friction plate, A0 is the total braking area of ​​the friction plate, A1 is the required braking area of ​​the first friction plate, and A2 is the required braking area of ​​the second friction plate.

[0055] Specifically, the equivalent friction coefficient obtained by the cooperation of the first friction plate and the second friction plate is in the range of 0.05-0.45.

[0056] By obtaining the preset braking force of the caliper corresponding to the yaw system, the total braking area of ​​the friction plate, and the preset braking pressure of the friction plate, the braking area corresponding to the first friction plate and the second friction plate can be calculated, and then the number of corresponding friction plates can be obtained. It should be understood that the two friction plates of the first friction plate and the second friction plate with different friction coefficients used here are only a continuous adjustment method, and more friction plates with different friction coefficients can also be used to make the adjusted friction coefficient closer to the preset friction coefficient and the braking force continuity better.

[0057] By adjusting the number of friction plates arranged, etc., the area of ​​contact surfaces with different friction coefficients can be achieved, thereby achieving segmented adjustment of the braking force. It should be understood that when this scheme adjusts the friction coefficient and braking force on the caliper, the segmented units can be very detailed, so it is called continuous change.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the braking areas of the single first friction plate and the single second friction plate are equal.

[0059] By adopting the first friction plate and the second friction plate with equal braking areas, when the friction plate is installed on the caliper, there is no need to specially set a fixed area on the caliper, which facilitates installation. In addition, during subsequent replacement or use, friction plates with different friction coefficients can be replaced quickly and accurately without affecting other installed friction plates, thereby increasing the scope of application and reducing maintenance costs.

[0060] Specifically, an upper friction plate area is provided between the base plate and the upper surface of the ring gear, and a lower friction plate area is provided between the caliper and the lower surface of the ring gear; the first friction plate and the second friction plate are arranged in the upper friction plate area or the lower friction plate area, and the first friction plate and the second friction plate are evenly distributed around the ring gear.

[0061] The friction plates with the same friction coefficient are symmetrically distributed around the gear ring, so that the braking forces of each symmetrical position of the gear ring can be roughly the same, thereby improving the stability of the gear ring operation and braking during the caliper braking process of the yaw system.

[0062] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the method for installing the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the caliper is as follows: in the lower friction plate area of ​​the same caliper, only the first type of friction plate or the second type of friction plate is installed.

[0063] By combining friction plate fixings with different friction coefficients, the braking force of the gear ring can meet the preset braking force requirements and can also achieve continuous changes in the braking force. The number of friction plate fixings to be adjusted is reduced, and installation is convenient.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, and the difference lies in the installation method of the first friction plate and the second friction plate. In this embodiment, the installation method of the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the caliper is as follows: in the lower friction plate area of ​​the same caliper, the first type of friction plate and the second type of friction plate are mixedly installed.

[0066] The friction coefficient of the yaw system is adjusted by setting a friction plate with a larger friction coefficient and a friction plate with a smaller friction coefficient in the lower friction plate area of ​​a friction plate fixing member at the corresponding position of the gear ring, and setting a friction plate with a smaller friction coefficient in the upper friction plate area of ​​the friction plate fixing member.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, and the difference lies in the installation method of the first friction plate and the second friction plate. In this embodiment, the installation method of the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the base plate is as follows: in the upper friction plate area of ​​the same base plate, the first type of friction plate and the second type of friction plate are mixedly installed.

[0069] The friction coefficient of the yaw system is adjusted by setting a friction plate with a larger friction coefficient and a friction plate with a smaller friction coefficient in the upper friction plate area of ​​a friction plate fixing member at the corresponding position of the gear ring, and setting a friction plate with a smaller friction coefficient in the lower friction plate area of ​​the friction plate fixing member.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 1, and the difference lies in the installation method of the first friction plate and the second friction plate. In this embodiment, the installation method of the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the bottom plate is:

[0072] The upper friction plate area of ​​the bottom plate includes a first arc-shaped sub-area and a second arc-shaped sub-area which are coaxially arranged, and the second arc-shaped sub-area is located on a side of the first arc-shaped sub-area away from the center of the gear ring;

[0073] Optionally, the first friction plate is mounted in the upper friction plate area of ​​the bottom plate, and a fixed lubricating member is provided in the second arc-shaped sub-area of ​​the friction plate area on the bottom plate to reduce the friction coefficient of the second arc-shaped sub-area.

[0074] By setting friction plates with different friction coefficients of inner and outer diameters in the upper friction plate area of ​​the friction plate fixing part, the friction coefficient can be adjusted. A friction plate with a high friction coefficient can be set in the upper friction plate area, and a fixed slider can be set in the second arc sub-area to form a second arc sub-area with a small friction coefficient.

[0075] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine generator, wherein the yaw system comprises a gear ring, a base plate and a caliper, and friction plates are arranged on both sides of the gear ring, characterized in that: The friction plate comprises a first friction plate and a second friction plate, the friction coefficient of the first friction plate is greater than that of the second friction plate, and the method comprises the following steps: Obtain the total braking torque that the wind turbine yaw friction plate component needs to provide, and respectively obtain the total braking area of ​​different braking surfaces and the positive pressure on the corresponding braking surface friction plate; According to the total braking torque that the friction pad of the same brake surface needs to provide and the positive pressure on the friction pad of the brake surface, the equivalent friction coefficient of the friction pad of the brake surface is calculated. According to the friction coefficients of the first friction plate and the second friction plate, combined with the equivalent friction coefficients of the friction plates and the total braking area, respectively calculate and confirm the braking area ratios of the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the corresponding braking surface; According to the ratio of the braking area of ​​the first friction plate and the second friction plate corresponding to the braking surface to the total braking area, the quantity of the first friction plate and the second friction plate is determined, and they are installed to the corresponding caliper or base plate position of the braking surface.

2. A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper friction plate area is provided between the base plate and the upper surface of the gear ring, and a lower friction plate area is provided between the caliper and the lower surface of the gear ring; the first friction plate and the second friction plate are arranged in the upper friction plate area or the lower friction plate area, and the first friction plate and the second friction plate are evenly distributed around the gear ring.

3. A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for installing the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the caliper is as follows: in the lower friction plate area of ​​the same caliper, only the first type of friction plate or the second type of friction plate is installed.

4. A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for installing the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the caliper is as follows: in the lower friction plate area of ​​the same caliper, the first type of friction plate and the second type of friction plate are mixedly installed.

5. A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for installing the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the bottom plate is as follows: in the upper friction plate area of ​​the same bottom plate, the first type of friction plate and the second type of friction plate are mixedly installed.

6. A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The installation method of the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the base plate: The upper friction plate area of ​​the bottom plate includes a first arc-shaped sub-area and a second arc-shaped sub-area coaxially arranged, and the second arc-shaped sub-area is located on a side of the first arc-shaped sub-area away from the center of the gear ring; The first friction plate is installed in the first arc-shaped sub-area, and the second friction plate is installed in the second arc-shaped sub-area.

7. A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The installation method of the first friction plate and the second friction plate on the base plate: The upper friction plate area of ​​the bottom plate includes a first arc-shaped sub-area and a second arc-shaped sub-area coaxially arranged, and the second arc-shaped sub-area is located on a side of the first arc-shaped sub-area away from the center of the gear ring; The first friction plate is installed in the upper friction plate area of ​​the bottom plate, and a fixed lubricating member is arranged in the second arc-shaped sub-area of ​​the friction plate area on the bottom plate to reduce the friction coefficient of the second arc-shaped sub-area.

8. A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking areas of the first friction plate and the second friction plate are calculated by the braking force of the corresponding position and the total braking area of ​​the friction plate. The specific expression is: F b =(μ1A1+μ2A2)×F N A0=A1+A2 Where: F b is the preset braking force of the corresponding position, μ1 is the friction coefficient of the first friction plate, μ2 is the friction coefficient of the second friction plate, F N is the positive pressure on the friction plate, A0 is the total braking area of ​​the friction plate, A1 is the required braking area of ​​the first friction plate, and A2 is the required braking area of ​​the second friction plate.

9. A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent friction coefficient obtained by the cooperation of the first friction plate and the second friction plate is in the range of 0.05-0.

45.

10. A method for continuously adjusting the braking force of a yaw system of a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking areas of the first friction plate and the second friction plate are equal.

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