An oil well oil transportation device and transportation process adapted to the transportation of crude oil with high consistency

Abstract

The present invention discloses an oil well oil transportation device and a transportation process suitable for the transportation of crude oil with high consistency, including a screw pump provided at the wellhead. An output tee is provided at the output end of the screw pump. One end of the output tee is connected to the output end of the screw pump, one end is connected with a check valve, and the other end is connected with a return pipeline. The return pipeline leads into the screw pump pipeline and is communicated with the wellhead. Pressure detection components are provided on the output end of the screw pump and the return pipeline. An output mixing component is provided at the output end of the check valve. A transportation pipeline is provided at the output end of the output mixing component. An electric heating tape is laid on the outer periphery of the transportation pipeline. The electric heating tape enables the transportation pipeline to maintain a certain temperature. At the same time, a mixing component is provided to facilitate the addition of a flow improver during transportation, improve the fluidity of heavy oil. At the same time, when the pipeline is blocked, the pressure detection component feeds back, and by opening the return pipeline, the extracted heavy oil is re-introduced into the well to avoid the screw pump being blocked and reduce the risk of device damage, having significant technical effects and application values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crude oil transportation. Background Art

[0002] When high-wax crude oil flows in a pipeline, as the temperature decreases, wax will gradually precipitate and adhere to the inner wall of the pipeline, forming a wax deposition layer, resulting in a reduction in the inner diameter of the pipeline. When the temperature of the crude oil further drops below the freezing point, the crude oil will solidify into a solid, completely blocking the pipeline. This kind of blockage not only affects the normal transportation of crude oil, but also may cause pipeline damage and production interruption, bringing serious economic losses to oil production and transportation. The blockage problem of thick crude oil transportation pipelines is mainly due to the wax precipitation and crude oil solidification caused by the temperature reduction during the transportation process.

[0003] Therefore, the heating transportation technology is adopted. By setting up heating stations along the pipeline, the temperature of the crude oil during transportation is maintained to prevent wax precipitation and crude oil solidification. Secondly, flow improvers such as pour point depressants and paraffin inhibitors are used. These chemical additives can change the morphology and structure of wax crystals, reduce the freezing point and viscosity of crude oil, thereby improving its fluidity and transportation efficiency. In addition, mechanical dredging methods can also be adopted, such as using pigging devices or drills and other equipment to physically dredge the blocked pipeline. These methods can be used alone or in combination.

[0004] However, these solutions are only applicable to short-distance transportation. When crude oil is produced from an oil well and needs to be transported to a joint station several kilometers away for processing, due to the dry and cold winter climate and the long winter, the crude oil heated by the heating station cools down quickly in the pipeline during long-distance transportation. The addition of flow improvers is not ideal either. At the same time, the mechanical dredging method is time-consuming and laborious. To solve the problem of crude oil transportation, the existing solution is to use tanker trucks to take turns for collection and transportation. This method is labor-intensive, and the economic cost and production cost are too high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an oil well oil transportation device and a transportation process suitable for thick crude oil transportation.

[0006] The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above object:

[0007] An oil well oil transportation device adapted to the transportation of crude oil with high consistency, including a screw pump installed at the wellhead. An output tee is provided at the output end of the screw pump. One end of the output tee is connected to the output end of the screw pump, one end is connected with a check valve, and the other end is connected with a return pipeline. The return pipeline leads into the pipeline of the screw pump and is communicated with the wellhead. Pressure detection components are provided on the output end of the screw pump and the return pipeline. An output mixing component is provided at the output end of the check valve. A transportation pipeline is provided at the output end of the output mixing component. The transportation pipeline is connected to an exchange station, and an electric heating tape is laid on the outer periphery of the transportation pipeline.

[0008] Through the above solution, when the temperature is too low or the pipeline transportation pressure is too high, the pressure detection component can be set to monitor according to the pipeline transportation pressure, and the electric heating tape is turned on to keep the transportation pipeline at a certain temperature, avoiding the precipitation of waxy substances in the heavy oil due to low temperature. At the same time, a mixing component is set to facilitate the addition of flow improvers during transportation to improve the fluidity of the heavy oil. At the same time, when the pipeline is blocked, the pressure detection component gives feedback, and by opening the return pipeline, the extracted heavy oil is re-introduced into the well to avoid the screw pump being blocked and reduce the risk of device damage. It has high economic value in dealing with the long and cold winter climate. Through remote control and maintenance, the workload of staff is greatly reduced and the work efficiency is improved.

[0009] Further, the output mixing component includes a mixing package provided at the output end of the check valve. A mixing gate valve and a mixing joint are sequentially provided on the mixing package. The output end of the mixing package is connected with an inlet and outlet gate valve. The inlet and outlet gate valve is connected with an outlet tee. One end of the outlet tee is connected with the inlet and outlet gate valve, one end is connected with the transportation pipeline, and the other end is provided with an electric valve and a sweep line external joint.

[0010] Through the above solution, setting the electric valve and the sweep line external joint facilitates the introduction of steam or cleaning liquid to clean the pipeline. By setting the mixing package, when the pressure of the transportation pipeline is too high, a flow improver is added through the mixing gate valve and the mixing joint, and it is mixed with the heavy oil transported at the output end of the check valve to form transportation, improving the fluidity of the heavy oil.

[0011] Further, the return pipeline includes a return pipe tee short section provided at one end of the output tee. The other end of the return pipe tee short section is provided with a safety valve elbow, and the third end is provided with a return pipe short section. A spring-type safety valve is provided on the safety valve elbow. An electric valve is also provided on the return pipe short section. A filter is provided at the end of the return pipe short section. An inlet and outlet gate valve is also provided on the filter. An inlet liquid short section is provided at the end of the inlet and outlet gate valve. A short joint is provided at the output end of the filter. The short joint leads into the pipeline of the screw pump and is communicated with the wellhead.

[0012] Through the above solution, when it is detected that the pressure in the conveying pipeline is too high and a blockage occurs, the heavy oil can be introduced into the short section of the return pipe tee through the output tee in cooperation with the check valve. At the same time, the electric valve on the short section of the return pipe is started, and the heavy oil is sequentially passed through the short section of the return pipe tee, the short section of the return pipe, the filter, and the stub to the wellhead of the oil well. At the same time, the filter preliminarily filters the heavy oil to reduce impurities. At the same time, inlet and outlet gate valves are arranged in cooperation with the short section of the liquid inlet, and various reagents are introduced into the filter and finally into the wellhead interior, which is convenient for adding various reagents such as flow improvers and improves the fluidity of the heavy oil.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the stub is also provided with an electric heating tape, the heating temperature of the electric heating tape does not exceed 40 °C, and a temperature sensor and a return pressure transmitter are distributed on the stub.

[0014] Through the above solution, a temperature sensor and a return pressure transmitter are distributed on the stub, which is convenient for detecting the temperature of the electric heating tape and the pressure of the returned heavy oil in the stub, convenient for judging the viscosity of the heavy oil according to the pressure, and convenient for subsequent reagent addition and electric heating work according to the data. Using sensor detection has high precision and saves labor.

[0015] Furthermore, an output pressure transmitter is provided on the pipe wall at one end where the outlet tee is connected to the inlet and outlet gate valves.

[0016] Through the above solution, an output pressure transmitter is arranged on the pipe wall of the outlet tee, which is convenient for monitoring the pressure of the heavy oil at the outlet and the pressure of the heavy oil before entering the conveying pipeline, so as to preliminarily judge the fluidity of the heavy oil and facilitate monitoring the operation status.

[0017] Furthermore, a vibration sensor and a temperature transmitter are provided at the output end of the screw pump.

[0018] Through the above solution, a vibration sensor and a temperature transmitter are provided at the output end of the screw pump. On the one hand, the operation state of the screw pump can be detected through the vibration sensor, and the vibration situation of the screw pump during operation can be monitored in real time, including parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude. By analyzing these vibration data, the operation state of the pump can be accurately grasped, and it can be judged whether it is within the normal working range. When the rotation speed and load of the pump change, its vibration characteristics will also change accordingly, and the sensor can capture these changes in time, so as to preliminarily judge whether blockage and pipeline overpressure occur. At the same time, a temperature transmitter is set to monitor the temperature of the heavy oil at the wellhead, and then judge the state of the heavy oil.

[0019] The second object of the present invention is to provide an oil well oil transportation process suitable for transporting crude oil with a suitable consistency by applying the above oil transportation device, including the following steps:

[0020] Step S1: Cleaning and line flushing;

[0021] Step S2: Start the screw pump to initially extract heavy oil, and detect the outlet temperature and operating status;

[0022] Step S3: Combine with the local temperature and turn on the electric heating tape of the transportation pipeline at low temperature;

[0023] Step S4: The output pressure transmitter monitors the heavy oil transportation pressure. When overpressure occurs, start the heavy oil circulation, import the heavy oil into the oil well. When the pressure is too high, trigger the spring-loaded safety valve, and the pipeline content is discharged from the spring-loaded safety valve;

[0024] Step S5: When overpressure occurs, discharge impurities and introduce flow improver through the inlet nipple;

[0025] Step S6: In extreme low temperature conditions, input flow improver through the mixing package and turn on the mixed output.

[0026] Through the above solution, clean the impurities in the transportation pipeline by performing cleaning and purging operations. Subsequently, start the screw pump to initially extract heavy oil, and continuously detect the outlet temperature and operating status in real time to ensure the normal operation of the pump. According to the local temperature, turn on the electric heating tape of the transportation pipeline in a timely manner to prevent the crude oil from blocking the pipeline due to low temperature. Use the output pressure transmitter to continuously monitor the transportation pressure. Once overpressure occurs, immediately start the heavy oil circulation, import the heavy oil back into the oil well, and discharge the pipeline content through the spring-loaded safety valve when the pressure is too high to ensure safety. In case of overpressure, impurities can be discharged or flow improver can be introduced through the inlet nipple to optimize the transportation conditions. In the face of extreme low temperature, input flow improver through the mixing package and turn on the mixed output to further improve the transportation efficiency. This process effectively prevents pipeline blockage, reduces energy consumption and maintenance costs, significantly improves transportation efficiency and safety, especially suitable for heavy oil transportation in low temperature environments, and realizes the efficient and stable transportation of heavy oil. This process effectively prevents pipeline blockage, reduces energy consumption and maintenance costs during transportation, improves transportation efficiency and safety, is particularly suitable for heavy oil transportation in low temperature environments, and has significant technical effects and application value.

[0027] Further, in step S2, a vibration sensor is used to detect the operating status of the screw pump, detect abnormal vibrations in advance, and send a remote warning signal. A temperature transmitter is used to monitor the temperature of the heavy oil leaving the well, judge the state of the heavy oil, and perform remote monitoring and operation in combination with the daily temperature.

[0028] Through the above solution, step S2 uses a vibration sensor to capture abnormal vibrations of the screw pump in real time, give early warnings, and prevent failures; at the same time, the temperature transmitter accurately senses the temperature of the heavy oil leaving the well, and combines with the temperature data to realize remote intelligent monitoring and operation. Greatly improve the reliability and safety of oil well oil transportation, optimize operation management, reduce maintenance costs, enhance the adaptability and flexibility of heavy oil transportation, and provide a strong guarantee for efficient and stable oil well production.

[0029] Further, in step S4, the outlet three-way conveying pressure is collected by an output pressure transmitter. When the pressure > 2.5 mpa, the check valve is closed, the output three-way is started, and the heavy oil at the output end of the screw pump is guided along the return pipe three-way short joint and the return pipe short joint into the filter through the electric valve to preliminarily purify the heavy oil, and then is introduced into the oil well through the short joint after being heated by the electric heating tape.

[0030] Through the above solution, the conveying pressure data of the outlet three-way is accurately collected by using the output pressure transmitter. When the detected pressure exceeds 2.5 MPa, the system automatically closes the check valve and starts the output three-way. Through the precise control of the electric valve, the heavy oil at the output end of the screw pump is guided to the return pipe three-way short joint and the return pipe short joint, and enters the filter for preliminary purification. The purified heavy oil is then heated by the electric heating tape to ensure its fluidity and finally safely introduced into the oil well. This not only effectively prevents damage to pipelines and equipment caused by overpressure, but also improves the conveying quality and efficiency of heavy oil through precise control and pretreatment, enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire oil transportation system.

[0031] Further, in step S5, when the pressure is between 0.3 - 2.5 mpa, impurities are discharged and flow improver is introduced through the cooperation of the end of the inlet and outlet gate valve and the liquid inlet short joint. At the same time, the flow improver is introduced through the mixing joint in cooperation with the mixing gate valve for mixed output; when the pressure < 0.3 mpa, the electric heating tape is turned off and the introduction of the flow improver is stopped.

[0032] Through the above solution, when the conveying pressure is in the normal range of 0.3 - 2.5 MPa, through the coordinated cooperation of the end of the inlet and outlet gate valve and the liquid inlet short joint, impurities in the pipeline can be effectively discharged, and at the same time, the flow improver is introduced to improve the fluidity of heavy oil. In addition, the cooperation of the mixing joint and the gate valve and the full mixing of the flow improver and heavy oil improve the conveying efficiency and the fluidity of heavy oil. When the pressure is lower than 0.3 MPa, the system automatically turns off the electric heating tape and stops introducing the flow improver, avoiding energy waste, and reflecting an intelligent energy-saving and protection mechanism. It enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the oil transportation process, improves the convenience and safety of operation, optimizes energy utilization, reduces operating costs, and provides strong technical support for the efficient transportation of heavy oil.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] 1. The present invention has a great improvement on the existing heavy oil transportation. By performing cleaning and sweeping operations, impurities in the transportation pipeline are cleaned. Subsequently, the screw pump is started to initially extract the heavy oil, and the outlet temperature and operating status are detected in real time to ensure the normal operation of the pump. According to the local temperature, the electric heating belt of the transportation pipeline is turned on in time to prevent the crude oil from blocking the pipe due to low temperature. The output pressure transmitter is used to continuously monitor the delivery pressure. Once an overpressure situation occurs, the heavy oil circulation is immediately started to guide the heavy oil back to the oil well, and the materials in the pipeline are discharged through the spring-type safety valve when the pressure is too high to ensure safety. In the case of overpressure, impurities can be discharged or flow improvers can be introduced through the liquid inlet short section to optimize the transportation conditions. In the face of extreme low temperatures, the flow improver is input with the help of the mixing bag and the mixed output is turned on to further improve the transportation efficiency. This process is particularly suitable for heavy oil transportation in low temperature environments through real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation, and realizes efficient and stable transportation of heavy oil. This process effectively prevents pipeline blockage, reduces energy consumption and maintenance costs during transportation, improves transportation efficiency and safety, is particularly suitable for heavy oil transportation in low temperature environments, and has significant technical effects and application value;

[0035] 2. Use the output pressure transmitter to accurately collect the delivery pressure data of the outlet tee. When the pressure is detected to be over 2.5MPa, the system automatically closes the check valve and starts the output tee. Through the precise control of the electric valve, the heavy oil at the output end of the screw pump is guided to the return pipe tee short section and the return pipe short section, and enters the filter for preliminary purification. The purified heavy oil is then heated by the electric belt to ensure its fluidity, and finally safely introduced into the oil well. It not only effectively prevents overpressure from damaging pipelines and equipment, but also improves the delivery quality and efficiency of heavy oil through precise control and pretreatment, and enhances the stability and reliability of the entire oil transportation system;

[0036] 3. When the conveying pressure is in the normal range of 0.3-2.5MPa, the impurities in the pipeline can be effectively discharged through the coordinated cooperation of the inlet and outlet gate valve ends and the liquid inlet short section, while the flow improver is introduced to improve the fluidity of the heavy oil. In addition, the coordinated use of the mixing joint and the gate valve can fully mix the flow improver with the heavy oil, thereby improving the conveying efficiency and the fluidity of the heavy oil. When the pressure is lower than 0.3MPa, the system automatically turns off the electric heating belt and stops introducing the flow improver, avoiding energy waste and reflecting the intelligent energy-saving and protection mechanism. It enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the oil transportation process, improves the convenience and safety of operation, optimizes energy utilization, reduces operating costs, and provides strong technical support for the efficient transportation of heavy oil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0038] Reference numerals: 1, screw pump; 2, output tee; 3, check valve; 4, mixing package; 5, inlet and outlet gate valve; 6, outlet tee; 7, electric valve; 8, external connection for line flushing; 9, short joint; 10, filter; 11, short joint for liquid inlet; 12, short joint for return pipe; 13, short joint for return pipe tee; 14, safety valve elbow; 15, spring-loaded safety valve; 16, mixing gate valve; 17, mixing joint; 18, output pressure transmitter; 19, temperature transmitter; 20, vibration sensor; 21, return pressure transmitter; 22, temperature sensor; 23, electric heating tape; 25, conveying pipeline. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can generally be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides an oil well oil transportation device suitable for transporting viscous crude oil, including a screw pump 1 provided at the wellhead. An output tee 2 is provided at the output end of the screw pump 1. One end of the output tee 2 is connected to the output end of the screw pump 1, one end is connected to a check valve 3, and the other end is connected to a return pipeline. The return pipeline leads into the pipeline of the screw pump 1 and communicates with the wellhead. Pressure detection components are provided on the output end of the screw pump 1 and the return pipeline. An output mixing component is provided at the output end of the check valve 3. A conveying pipeline 25 is provided at the output end of the output mixing component. The conveying pipeline 25 is connected to an exchange station. An electric heating tape 23 is laid on the outer periphery of the conveying pipeline 25.

[0043] Therefore, when the temperature is too low or the pipeline transportation pressure is too high, the pressure detection component can be set to monitor according to the pipeline transportation pressure, turn on the electric heating tape 23 to make the transportation pipeline 25 maintain a certain temperature, avoid the precipitation of heavy oil wax due to low temperature, and at the same time set the mixing component to facilitate the addition of flow improver during transportation to improve the fluidity of heavy oil. At the same time, when the pipeline is blocked, the pressure detection component gives feedback, and by opening the return pipeline, the extracted heavy oil is re-introduced into the well to avoid the screw pump 1 from being blocked and reduce the risk of device damage. It is of high economic value in dealing with the long and cold winter climate. Through remote control and maintenance, the workload of the staff is greatly reduced and the work efficiency is improved.

[0044] Refer to Figure 1 , the return pipeline includes a return pipe tee short section 13 provided at one end of the output tee 2. The other end of the return pipe tee short section 13 is provided with a safety valve elbow 14, and the third end is provided with a return pipe short section 12. A spring-type safety valve 15 is provided on the safety valve elbow 14. An electric valve 7 is provided on the return pipe short section 12. A filter 10 is provided at the end of the return pipe short section 12. Inlet and outlet gate valves 5 are also provided on the filter 10. An inlet liquid short section 11 is provided at the end of the inlet and outlet gate valves 5. A short joint 9 is provided at the output end of the filter 10. The short joint 9 leads to the pipeline of the screw pump 1 and is connected to the wellhead. The outer circumference of the short joint 9 is also provided with an electric heating tape 23, and the heating temperature of the electric heating tape 23 does not exceed 40 °C. A temperature sensor 22 and a return pressure transmitter 21 are distributed on the short joint 9.

[0045] Refer to Figure 1 , the output mixing component includes a mixing package 4 provided at the output end of the check valve 3. A mixing gate valve 16 and a mixing joint 17 are successively provided on the mixing package 4. The output end of the mixing package 4 is connected to an inlet and outlet gate valve 5. The inlet and outlet gate valve 5 is connected to an outlet tee 6. One end of the outlet tee 6 is connected to the inlet and outlet gate valve 5, one end is connected to the transportation pipeline 25, and the other end is provided with an electric valve 7 and a sweeping external joint 8.

[0046] In order to improve the operation detection of the entire device and ensure the operation stability, refer to Figure 1, an output pressure transmitter 18 is provided on the pipe wall at one end where the outlet tee 6 is connected to the inlet and outlet gate valve 5. By providing the output pressure transmitter 18 on the pipe wall of the outlet tee 6, it is convenient to monitor the pressure of the heavy oil at the outlet and the pressure before the heavy oil enters the conveying pipeline 25, so as to initially judge the fluidity of the heavy oil and facilitate monitoring the operation status. A vibration sensor 20 and a temperature transmitter 19 are provided at the output end of the screw pump 1. By providing a vibration sensor 20 and a temperature transmitter 19 at the output end of the screw pump 1, on the one hand, the operation status of the screw pump 1 can be detected through the vibration sensor 20, and the vibration conditions of the screw pump 1 during operation can be monitored in real time, including parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude. By analyzing these vibration data, the operation status of the pump can be accurately grasped, and it can be judged whether it is within the normal working range. When the rotational speed and load of the pump change, its vibration characteristics will also change accordingly, and the sensor can capture these changes in time, so as to initially judge whether there is blockage and pipeline overpressure. At the same time, by setting the temperature transmitter 19, the temperature of the heavy oil at the wellhead can be monitored, and then the state of the heavy oil can be judged.

[0047] The operation process of this device is as follows:

[0048] An oil well oil transportation process for transporting crude oil with suitable consistency using the above oil transportation device includes the following steps:

[0049] Step S1: Cleaning and purging the pipeline;

[0050] Step S2: Start the screw pump 1, initially extract the heavy oil, and detect the outlet temperature and operation status;

[0051] Step S3: Combine with the local temperature and turn on the electric heating tape 23 at low temperature;

[0052] Step S4: The output pressure transmitter 18 monitors the heavy oil transportation pressure. When overpressure occurs, start the heavy oil circulation, introduce the heavy oil into the oil well. When the pressure is too high, trigger the spring-loaded safety valve 15, and the pipeline contents are discharged from the spring-loaded safety valve 15;

[0053] Step S5: When overpressure occurs, discharge impurities and introduce a flow improver through the inlet nipple 11, and then introduce the flow improver through the mixing joint 17 in cooperation with the mixing gate valve 16 for mixed output;

[0054] Step S6: In extremely low temperature conditions, input the flow improver through the mixing package 4 and turn on the mixed output.

[0055] Among them, in step S1, the cleaning and line flushing include preparing cleaning agents, line flushing equipment, safety protection equipment, etc. in advance. Then, close all inlet and outlet valves of the oil pipeline to isolate the pipeline from the oil well and storage equipment. Inject an appropriate amount of cleaning agent through the dedicated electric valve 7 and the line flushing external joint 8. Start the line flushing equipment to make the cleaning agent circulate in the pipeline, fully flush the inner wall of the pipeline, remove the residual crude oil, impurities and scale. The circulation cleaning time is generally 30 - 60 minutes. After the cleaning is completed, open the discharge port to discharge the cleaning liquid containing impurities from the pipeline, and ensure the proper treatment of the cleaning liquid. Finally, use professional detection equipment to check the inner wall of the pipeline to ensure that there are no residues and scale, and close the discharge port after passing the inspection.

[0056] Among them, in step S2, a vibration sensor 20 is used to detect the operating state of the screw pump 1, detect abnormal vibrations in advance, and send out remote warning signals. A temperature transmitter 19 is used to monitor the temperature of the heavy oil leaving the well to judge the state of the heavy oil, and combined with the daily temperature, remote monitoring and operation are carried out. When the ambient temperature is relatively low, preheat the screw pump 1, and the preheating time is generally 15 - 30 minutes. When starting the screw pump 1, slowly increase the pump speed to avoid mechanical impact. During the operation, use a temperature sensor 22 to monitor the outlet temperature of the heavy oil in real time. At the same time, monitor the operating state of the pump through the vibration sensor 20 and the pressure transmitter to ensure normal vibration and the outlet pressure is between 0.3 - 2.5 MPa. The monitored data is recorded in the monitoring system in real time. When abnormalities are found through data analysis, adjust the operating parameters of the pump in time or conduct equipment inspections to ensure the stable operation of the screw pump 1. Step S2 uses the vibration sensor 20 to capture abnormal vibrations of the screw pump 1 in real time, give early warnings, and prevent failures; at the same time, the temperature transmitter 19 accurately senses the temperature of the heavy oil leaving the well, and combined with the temperature data, realizes remote intelligent monitoring and operation. It greatly improves the reliability and safety of oil well oil transportation, optimizes operation management, reduces maintenance costs, enhances the adaptability and flexibility of heavy oil transportation, and provides a strong guarantee for efficient and stable oil well production.

[0057] Among them, in step S4, the delivery pressure of the outlet tee 6 is collected by the output pressure transmitter 18. When the pressure is greater than 2.5 MPa, the check valve 3 is closed, the output tee 2 is started, and the heavy oil at the output end of the screw pump 1 is introduced into the filter 10 along the return pipe tee short section 13 and the return pipe short section 12 through the electric valve 7 for preliminary purification of the heavy oil, and then introduced into the oil well after being heated by the electric belt 23 through the short circuit 9. At the same time, the flow improver is introduced through the mixing gate valve 16 and the mixing joint 17 to eliminate the blockage. The delivery pressure data of the outlet tee 6 is accurately collected by the output pressure transmitter 18. When the pressure exceeds 2.5 MPa, the system automatically closes the check valve 3 and starts the output tee 2. Through the precise control of the electric valve 7, the heavy oil at the output end of the screw pump 1 is guided to the return pipe tee short section 13 and the return pipe short section 12, and enters the filter 10 for preliminary purification. The purified heavy oil is then heated by the electric belt 23 to ensure its fluidity and finally safely introduced into the oil well. It not only effectively prevents overpressure from damaging pipelines and equipment, but also improves the transportation quality and efficiency of heavy oil through precise control and pretreatment, and enhances the stability and reliability of the entire oil transportation system.

[0058] Among them, in step S5, when the pressure is between 0.3-2.5 MPa, the impurities are discharged and the flow improver is introduced through the end of the inlet and outlet gate valve 5 in conjunction with the liquid inlet short section 11, and the flow improver is introduced through the mixing joint 17 in conjunction with the mixing gate valve 16 for mixed output; when the pressure is <0.3 MPa, the electric heating belt 23 is closed and the flow improver is stopped from being introduced. When the conveying pressure is in the normal range of 0.3-2.5 MPa, the impurities in the pipeline can be effectively discharged through the coordinated cooperation of the end of the inlet and outlet gate valve 5 and the liquid inlet short section 11, and the flow improver is introduced to improve the fluidity of the heavy oil. In addition, the use of the mixing joint 17 and the gate valve can fully mix the flow improver with the heavy oil, thereby improving the conveying efficiency and the fluidity of the heavy oil. When the pressure is lower than 0.3 MPa, the system automatically closes the electric heating belt 23 and stops introducing the flow improver, avoiding energy waste and reflecting the intelligent energy-saving and protection mechanism. It enhances the adaptability and flexibility of the oil transportation process, improves the convenience and safety of operation, optimizes energy utilization, reduces operating costs, and provides strong technical support for the efficient transportation of heavy oil.

[0059] The present invention has greatly improved the existing heavy oil transportation. By performing cleaning and purging operations, impurities in the transportation pipeline 25 are removed. Subsequently, the screw pump 1 is started to initially extract heavy oil, and the outlet temperature and operating status are detected in real time to ensure the normal operation of the pump. According to the local temperature, the electric heating tape 23 is turned on in a timely manner to prevent the pipeline from being blocked due to low temperature. The output pressure transmitter 18 is used to continuously monitor the transportation pressure. Once overpressure occurs, the heavy oil circulation is immediately started to guide the heavy oil back to the oil well, and when the pressure is too high, the substances in the pipeline are discharged through the spring safety valve 15 to ensure safety. In case of overpressure, impurities can be discharged or flow improvers can be introduced through the inlet nipple 11 to optimize the transportation conditions. In the face of extremely low temperatures, flow improvers are input through the mixing package 4 and the mixed output is turned on to further improve the transportation efficiency. This process realizes the efficient and stable transportation of heavy oil through real-time monitoring and intelligent control, especially suitable for heavy oil transportation in low-temperature environments. This process effectively prevents pipeline blockage, reduces energy consumption and maintenance costs during transportation, improves transportation efficiency and safety, and is particularly suitable for heavy oil transportation in low-temperature environments, with remarkable technical effects and application values.

[0060] It should be noted that the connection relationships of components not specifically mentioned in this application are default to the existing technology. Since they do not involve the inventive points and are widely used in the existing technology, the structural connection relationships are not described in detail.

Claims

1. A transportation process of an oil well oil transportation device adapted to the transportation of crude oil with high consistency, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S1: Cleaning and purging the pipeline; Step S2: Start the screw pump to initially extract heavy oil, detect the outlet temperature and operating status. Use a vibration sensor to detect the operating status of the screw pump, detect abnormal vibrations in advance, and send a remote warning signal. Use a temperature transmitter to monitor the temperature of the heavy oil leaving the well, judge the status of the heavy oil, and combine with the daily temperature for remote monitoring and operation; Step S3: Combine with the local temperature and turn on the electric heating tape at low temperature; Step S4: The output pressure transmitter monitors the heavy oil transportation pressure. When overpressure occurs, start the heavy oil circulation, introduce the heavy oil into the oil well. When the pressure is too high, trigger the spring-type safety valve, and the pipeline contents are discharged from the spring-type safety valve; Step S5: When overpressure occurs, discharge impurities and introduce a flow improver through the inlet nipple, and then introduce the flow improver through the mixing joint in cooperation with the mixing gate valve for mixed output; Step S6: In the case of extremely low temperature, input the flow improver through the mixing package and turn on the mixed output; The oil well oil transportation device adapted to the transportation of heavy oil with variable viscosities includes a screw pump provided at the wellhead. An output tee is provided at the output end of the screw pump. One end of the output tee is connected to the output end of the screw pump, one end is connected to a check valve, and the other end is connected to a return pipeline. The return pipeline leads into the screw pump pipeline and communicates with the wellhead. Pressure detection components are provided on the output end of the screw pump and the return pipeline. An output mixing component is provided at the output end of the check valve. A transportation pipeline is provided at the output end of the output mixing component. The transportation pipeline is connected to an exchange station. An electric heating tape is laid on the outer periphery of the transportation pipeline. The output mixing component includes a mixing package provided at the output end of the check valve. A mixing gate valve and a mixing joint are sequentially provided on the mixing package. The output end of the mixing package is connected to an inlet and outlet gate valve. The inlet and outlet gate valve is connected to an outlet tee. One end of the outlet tee is connected to the inlet and outlet gate valve, one end is connected to the transportation pipeline, and the other end is provided with an electric valve and a purging external joint. The return pipeline includes a return pipe tee short joint provided at one end of the output tee. The other end of the return pipe tee short joint is provided with a safety valve elbow, and the third end is provided with a return pipe short joint. A spring-type safety valve is provided on the safety valve elbow. An electric valve is also provided on the return pipe short joint. A filter is provided at the end of the return pipe short joint. An inlet and outlet gate valve is also provided on the filter. An inlet nipple is provided at the end of the inlet and outlet gate valve. A short joint is provided at the output end of the filter. The short joint leads into the screw pump pipeline and communicates with the wellhead. An electric heating tape is also laid on the outer periphery of the short joint. The heating temperature of the electric heating tape does not exceed 40°C. A temperature sensor and a return pressure transmitter are distributed on the short joint. An output pressure transmitter is provided on the pipe wall of the end of the outlet tee connected to the inlet and outlet gate valve. A vibration sensor and a temperature transmitter are provided at the output end of the screw pump.

2. The transportation process of an oil well oil transportation device adapted to the transportation of crude oil with high consistency according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the outlet three-way conveying pressure is collected by the output pressure transmitter. When the pressure > 2.5 mpa, the check valve is closed, the output three-way is started, and the heavy oil at the output end of the screw pump is sent along the short section of the return pipe three-way and the short section of the return pipe into the filter to preliminarily purify the heavy oil, and then it is introduced into the oil well through the short joint after being heated by the electric heating tape.

3. The transportation process of an oil well oil transportation device adapted to the transportation of crude oil with high consistency according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, when the pressure is between 0.3 - 2.5 mpa, impurities are discharged and the flow improver is introduced through the cooperation of the end of the inlet and outlet gate valve and the short section of the liquid inlet. At the same time, the flow improver is introduced through the cooperation of the mixing joint and the mixing gate valve for mixed output; when the pressure < 0.3 mpa, the electric heating tape is turned off and the introduction of the flow improver is stopped.

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