Ultrahigh-speed jet type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosive wear experimental device

Abstract

An ultra-high-speed jet type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosive wear experimental device comprises an experimental box body, a normal-pressure water storage tank, a sand storage tank, a high-pressure pump station, a sand supply device, a nozzle and a carrying disc. An airborne computer is arranged in the experiment box body, and the airborne computer is provided with a touch control type operation screen; the experiment box body, the normal-pressure water storage tank and the sand storage tank are distributed in parallel, the high-pressure pump station and the sand supply device are located on the inner side of the experiment box body, and the loading disc and the nozzle are distributed in parallel; a horizontal posture adjusting mechanism is arranged above the nozzle, a suspension arm is arranged on the horizontal posture adjusting mechanism, and a three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator is arranged between the nozzle and the bottom of the suspension arm; a rotary posture adjusting motor is arranged between the loading disc and the experiment box body; a plurality of sample placing grooves are uniformly distributed in the loading disc along the circumferential direction. The device can realize integrated simulation of cavitation erosion and erosion, has ultra-high-speed jet capacity, can accurately control jet sand content, jet attack angle and jet distance, and can simultaneously realize erosive wear experiments of multiple groups of samples under the same jet condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of scouring and wear experiments, and in particular relates to an ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow scouring and wear experiment device. Background Art

[0002] Scour wear is a damage phenomenon that occurs when a metal surface is exposed to high-speed corrosive fluids. It involves the combined effects of impact wear and chemical corrosion and is a more serious form of local corrosion. For example, in a high-head hydropower station environment, the scour wear of high-velocity mud on turbines is particularly serious. However, there is currently a lack of relevant scour wear experimental equipment that can simulate high-head erosion, which has hindered the research on scour wear problems of turbines in high-head power stations and the development of protection technologies.

[0003] At present, the erosion and wear test devices in laboratory environments are mainly divided into pipe flow erosion and wear test devices, rotary erosion and wear test devices and jet erosion and wear test devices according to their different types. However, no matter which type is adopted, the core principle is to realize the relative movement between the medium and the sample, so as to simulate the erosion and wear effect of the fluid on the material.

[0004] For the pipe flow erosion and wear test device, it mainly simulates the axial erosion and wear of the fluid on the inner wall of the pipe. Although it can simulate the actual working conditions, it has the problems of large equipment volume, high experimental cost, low experimental flow rate and long experimental cycle. For example, the Chinese patent application with application number 201310248151.4 discloses a pipe flow inner wall erosion and wear test device, which is mainly used for testing tubular samples. Although it can simulate the erosion and wear of the inner wall of the sample, it lacks the ability to simulate high flow rate environment.

[0005] For the rotary erosion and wear test device, it mainly generates tangential force through the interaction between the rotating sample and the static liquid to simulate the wear and corrosion between the sample and the liquid. Although it can simulate different working conditions, it also has the problem of low experimental flow rate. For example, the Chinese patent application with application number 201210309863.8 discloses a self-circulating solid-liquid phase erosion and corrosion test device, which uses a bracket to install the sample tube on the inner wall of a closed container. Although it realizes the simulation of solid-liquid phase erosion and corrosion in principle, the erosion form of the sample in the experiment is quite different from the actual form of high-speed water flow impact wear turbine.

[0006] In contrast, the jet erosion and wear test device uses a pump and a nozzle to generate a high-speed medium flow to impact the sample, making the erosion and wear of the sample more similar to the turbine operating conditions.

[0007] For example, Yong Xingyue and others from Beijing University of Chemical Technology published an academic article titled "Establishment and Experimental Verification of Fluid Mechanics Model of Jet Corrosion Test Device", in which they proposed a high-speed jet corrosion test device with a jet velocity of up to 150m / s, which can also be connected to an electrochemical workstation for electrochemical testing. However, the device lacks the ability to simulate solid-phase erosion of fluids, and therefore cannot achieve integrated simulation of cavitation and erosion during turbine operation.

[0008] In addition, Liu Xiaobing and others from Xihua University published an academic article titled "Development of a Test System for Sediment Wear of Impact Turbines", in which they proposed a test system for sediment wear of impact turbines, with a jet velocity of up to 126m / s. However, the system is applicable to physical scaled parts of impact buckets, so the experimental cost is high, and the physical scaled parts cannot replace the initial materials for evaluation, so the scope of application is relatively narrow.

[0009] In addition, the Chinese patent application with application number 201810242489.1 discloses a jet-type scouring wear test device, which has the function of adjusting the attack angle and scouring distance, and the jet assembly contains multiple nozzles, which can complete four sets of tests under the same test conditions at the same time, that is, four sets of flow rate test data can be obtained through one test, which can shorten the periodic test cycle. However, the device does not have the ability of ultra-high-speed jetting and has poor precision sand control ability. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an ultra-high-speed jet liquid-solid two-phase flow scouring and wear testing device, which can realize the integrated simulation of cavitation and erosion during the operation of the turbine. At the same time, it has ultra-high-speed jet capability, can accurately control the sand content of the jet, can accurately adjust the jet attack angle and jet distance, and can realize scouring and wear experiments on multiple groups of samples at the same time and under the same jet conditions.

[0011] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an ultra-high-speed jet liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear experimental device, comprising an experimental box, a normal-pressure water storage tank, a sand storage tank, a high-pressure pump station, a sand supply device, a nozzle and a loading tray; the experimental box, the normal-pressure water storage tank and the sand storage tank are arranged in parallel; the high-pressure pump station is arranged at the inner bottom of the experimental box, the water inlet of the high-pressure pump station is sealed and connected with the water outlet of the normal-pressure water storage tank through a normal-pressure water pipe, and the water outlet of the high-pressure pump station is sealed and connected with the water inlet of the nozzle through a pressure-resistant water pipe; the sand supply device is arranged inside the experimental box and above the high-pressure pump station, the sand inlet of the sand supply device is sealed and connected with the sand outlet of the sand storage tank through a wear-resistant hose, and the sand outlet of the sand supply device is sealed and connected with the sand inlet of the nozzle through a wear-resistant hose; the nozzle is located at the inner upper part of the experimental box; the loading tray is located at the inner upper part of the experimental box, and the loading tray and the nozzle are arranged in parallel and have the same layout height.

[0012] The experimental box is provided with an onboard computer, which is equipped with a touch screen; the control ends of the high-pressure pump station and the sand supply device are both electrically connected to the onboard computer.

[0013] A horizontal attitude adjustment mechanism is arranged inside the experimental box above the nozzle, and the horizontal attitude adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal attitude adjustment motor, a lead screw, a nut slider and a guide slide; the horizontal attitude adjustment motor is fixedly mounted on the guide slide, and the guide slide is fixedly mounted on the experimental box; the lead screw is arranged horizontally, one end of the lead screw is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the horizontal attitude adjustment motor, and the other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the guide slide through a bearing; the nut slider is installed between the lead screw and the guide slide, and the nut slider has only horizontal movement freedom relative to the guide slide; a suspension arm is vertically installed on the nut slider, and the nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the suspension arm; the control end of the horizontal attitude adjustment motor is electrically connected to the onboard computer.

[0014] A three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator is installed between the nozzle and the boom, and the nozzle serves as an end actuator of the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator; a control end of the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator is electrically connected to an onboard computer.

[0015] A rotary attitude adjustment motor is arranged between the loading plate and the experimental box, and the rotary attitude adjustment motor is horizontally fixedly installed on the experimental box. The loading plate is coaxially fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the rotary attitude adjustment motor; and the control end of the rotary attitude adjustment motor is electrically connected to the onboard computer.

[0016] The loading plate is in the shape of a disk, and is provided with a plurality of sample placement grooves, and the plurality of sample placement grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the loading plate.

[0017] A protective door is arranged on the experimental box at the side of the nozzle and the object carrier, and a transparent window is arranged on the protective door.

[0018] A liquid collecting tank is arranged below the nozzle and the object loading plate, and a liquid drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the liquid collecting tank.

[0019] Support bolts are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the experimental box.

[0020] Universal casters are arranged at the bottom side of the experimental box, at the bottom side of the normal pressure water storage tank, and at the bottom side of the sand storage tank.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] The ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow scouring and wear experimental device of the present invention can realize the integrated simulation of cavitation and erosion during the operation of the turbine, and at the same time has ultra-high-speed jet capability, can accurately control the sand content of the jet, can accurately adjust the jet attack angle and jet distance, and can realize scouring and wear experiments on multiple groups of samples at the same time and under the same jet conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear experimental device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the object carrier plate of the present invention;

[0025] In the figure, 1 is the experimental box, 2 is the normal pressure water storage tank, 3 is the sand storage tank, 4 is the high pressure pump station, 5 is the sand supply device, 6 is the nozzle, 7 is the loading tray, 8 is the horizontal posture adjustment mechanism, 9 is the crane arm, 10 is the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator, 11 is the sample placement slot, 12 is the protective door, 13 is the transparent window, 14 is the liquid collecting tank, 15 is the drain pipe, 16 is the support bolt, 17 is the universal caster, and 18 is the touch screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, an ultra-high-speed jet liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear experimental device comprises an experimental box 1, a normal-pressure water storage tank 2, a sand storage tank 3, a high-pressure pump station 4, a sand supply device 5, a nozzle 6 and a loading plate 7; the experimental box 1, the normal-pressure water storage tank 2 and the sand storage tank 3 are arranged in parallel; the high-pressure pump station 4 is arranged at the inner bottom of the experimental box 1, the water inlet of the high-pressure pump station 4 is sealed and connected with the water outlet of the normal-pressure water storage tank 2 through a normal-pressure water pipe, and the water outlet of the high-pressure pump station 4 is connected through a pressure-resistant The water pipe is sealed and connected with the water inlet of the nozzle 6; the sand supply device 5 is arranged on the inner side of the experimental box 1 and is located above the high-pressure pump station 4; the sand inlet of the sand supply device 5 is sealed and connected with the sand outlet of the sand storage tank 3 through a wear-resistant hose; the sand outlet of the sand supply device 5 is sealed and connected with the sand inlet of the nozzle 6 through a wear-resistant hose; the nozzle 6 is located on the inner upper part of the experimental box 1; the loading tray 7 is located on the inner upper part of the experimental box 1, and the loading tray 7 and the nozzle 6 are distributed side by side and have the same layout height.

[0028] The experimental box 1 is equipped with an onboard computer, which is provided with a touch-screen operation screen 18 ; the control ends of the high-pressure pump station 4 and the sand supply device 5 are both electrically connected to the onboard computer.

[0029] A horizontal attitude adjustment mechanism 8 is arranged on the inner side of the experimental box 1 above the nozzle 6, and the horizontal attitude adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal attitude adjustment motor, a lead screw, a nut slider and a guide slide; the horizontal attitude adjustment motor is fixedly mounted on the guide slide, and the guide slide is fixedly mounted on the experimental box 1; the lead screw is arranged horizontally, one end of the lead screw is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the horizontal attitude adjustment motor, and the other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the guide slide through a bearing; the nut slider is installed between the lead screw and the guide slide, and the nut slider has only horizontal movement freedom relative to the guide slide; a suspension arm 9 is vertically installed on the nut slider, and the nozzle 6 is arranged at the bottom of the suspension arm 9; the control end of the horizontal attitude adjustment motor is electrically connected to the onboard computer.

[0030] A three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator 10 is installed between the nozzle 6 and the boom 9 , and the nozzle 6 serves as an end actuator of the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator 10 ; a control end of the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator 10 is electrically connected to an onboard computer.

[0031] A rotary attitude adjustment motor is provided between the loading plate 7 and the experimental box 1. The rotary attitude adjustment motor is horizontally fixedly installed on the experimental box 1. The loading plate 7 is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the rotary attitude adjustment motor; the control end of the rotary attitude adjustment motor is electrically connected to the onboard computer.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the sample tray 7 is in a disc shape, and a plurality of sample placement grooves 11 are arranged on the sample tray 7 , and the plurality of sample placement grooves 11 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sample tray 7 .

[0033] A protective door 12 is provided on the experimental box 1 at the side of the nozzle 6 and the loading tray 7 , and a transparent window 13 is provided on the protective door 12 .

[0034] A liquid collecting tank 14 is provided below the nozzle 6 and the loading tray 7 , and a liquid drain pipe 15 is connected to the bottom of the liquid collecting tank 14 .

[0035] Support bolts 16 are provided at the four corners of the bottom of the experimental box 1 .

[0036] Universal casters 17 are provided at the bottom side of the experimental box 1 , at the bottom side of the normal pressure water storage tank 2 , and at the bottom side of the sand storage tank 3 .

[0037] The following describes a one-time use process of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0038] In this embodiment, the high-pressure pump station 4 can meet the regulation of ultra-high-speed jet speeds of 100m / s to 260m / s, and can meet the evaluation of the material's anti-scouring and wear performance under kilometer-level head conditions; the normal-pressure water stored in the normal-pressure water storage tank 2 is clean water; the sand storage tank 3 stores quartz sand; the number of sample placement slots 11 on the loading plate 7 is set to six, which can meet the experimental needs of six different samples at the same time.

[0039] First, open the protective door 12, remove the loading tray 7 and move it out of the experimental box 1, and fix six different samples into the six sample placement slots 11 of the loading tray 7. Then, return the loading tray 7 with the samples to the experimental box 1 and re-fix it to the motor shaft of the rotary attitude adjustment motor, and then close the protective door 12.

[0040] Start the onboard computer and set the jet velocity, jet attack angle, jet distance, fluid sand content, rotation speed of the carrier plate 7 and the experimental time through the touch screen 18. The jet velocity is regulated by the high-pressure pump station 4, the jet attack angle is regulated by the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator 10, the jet distance is regulated by the horizontal posture adjustment mechanism 8, the fluid sand content is regulated by the sand supply device 5, and the rotation speed of the carrier plate 7 is regulated by the rotation posture adjustment motor.

[0041] When the above-mentioned experimental parameters are set, click the experiment start button through the touch screen 18, the horizontal attitude adjustment motor of the horizontal attitude adjustment mechanism 8 will start first, driving the lead screw to rotate, and the rotational motion of the lead screw is synchronously converted into the linear movement of the nut slider, thereby driving the boom 9 to translate synchronously, and finally realizing the synchronous translation of the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator 10 and the nozzle 6, until the distance between the nozzle 6 and the loading plate 7 reaches the set value of the injection distance.

[0042] 3 seconds after the spray distance adjustment is completed, the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator 10 is started, and the deflection angle and direction of the nozzle 6 are adjusted by adjusting the posture of the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator 10 until the spray attack angle of the nozzle 6 reaches the set value. At this time, the nozzle 6 is just facing the sample in the sample placement slot 11 on the loading plate 7.

[0043] 3 seconds after the jet attack angle adjustment is completed, the rotary attitude adjustment motor starts, driving the loading plate 7 and the six samples thereon to rotate synchronously, and the rotation speed is the set value.

[0044] 3 seconds after the rotary attitude adjustment motor is started, the high-pressure pump station 4 is started, and the normal-pressure water in the normal-pressure water storage tank 2 is sucked into the high-pressure pump station 4 under the action of negative pressure to increase the pressure, and then enters the nozzle 6 as high-pressure water, and is finally ejected from the nozzle 6 to the surface of the sample on the loading plate 7. At this time, the jet speed is the set value.

[0045] 5 seconds after the high-pressure pump station 4 is started, the sand supply device 5 is started, and the quartz sand in the sand storage tank 3 is uniformly transported to the nozzle 6 and mixed with the high-pressure water in the nozzle 6 to form a sand-containing fluid to achieve the integrated simulation of cavitation and erosion. Subsequently, the sand-containing fluid will impact the sample on the carrier plate 7 at the set jet speed, and finally realize the ultra-high-speed jet liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear experiment until the set experimental time ends.

[0046] When the experiment time is over, the high-pressure pump station 4, the sand supply device 5 and the rotary attitude adjustment motor are shut down synchronously. The sand-containing fluid waste liquid generated during the experiment has been retained in the collecting tank 14. Subsequently, the sand-containing fluid waste liquid in the collecting tank 14 can be discharged and processed through the drain pipe 15.

[0047] After the high-pressure pump station 4, the sand supply device 5 and the rotary attitude adjustment motor are synchronously stopped, the protective door 12 is first opened, the loading tray 7 with the sample installed after the experiment is completed is removed and moved out of the experimental box 1, and then six different samples are removed from the six sample placement slots 11 of the loading tray 7, and then the erosion and wear of the sample surface can be analyzed and evaluated. After that, the empty loading tray 7 is sent back to the experimental box 1 and re-fixed to the motor shaft of the rotary attitude adjustment motor, and then the protective door 12 is closed to prepare for the next experiment.

[0048] The solutions in the embodiments are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent implementations or changes that do not deviate from the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear test device, characterized in that: It includes an experimental box, a normal-pressure water storage tank, a sand storage tank, a high-pressure pump station, a sand supply device, a nozzle and a loading tray; the experimental box, the normal-pressure water storage tank and the sand storage tank are arranged in parallel; the high-pressure pump station is arranged at the inner bottom of the experimental box, the water inlet of the high-pressure pump station is sealed and connected with the water outlet of the normal-pressure water storage tank through a normal-pressure water pipe, and the water outlet of the high-pressure pump station is sealed and connected with the water inlet of the nozzle through a pressure-resistant water pipe; the sand supply device is arranged inside the experimental box and above the high-pressure pump station, the sand inlet of the sand supply device is sealed and connected with the sand outlet of the sand storage tank through a wear-resistant hose, and the sand outlet of the sand supply device is sealed and connected with the sand inlet of the nozzle through a wear-resistant hose; the nozzle is located at the inner upper part of the experimental box; the loading tray is located at the inner upper part of the experimental box, and the loading tray and the nozzle are arranged in parallel and have the same layout height.

2. The ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental box is equipped with an onboard computer, which is provided with a touch screen; the control ends of the high-pressure pump station and the sand supply device are both electrically connected to the onboard computer.

3. The ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A horizontal attitude adjustment mechanism is arranged inside the experimental box above the nozzle, and the horizontal attitude adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal attitude adjustment motor, a lead screw, a nut slider and a guide slide; the horizontal attitude adjustment motor is fixedly mounted on the guide slide, and the guide slide is fixedly mounted on the experimental box; the lead screw is arranged horizontally, one end of the lead screw is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the horizontal attitude adjustment motor, and the other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the guide slide through a bearing; the nut slider is installed between the lead screw and the guide slide, and the nut slider has only horizontal movement freedom relative to the guide slide; a suspension arm is vertically installed on the nut slider, and the nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the suspension arm; the control end of the horizontal attitude adjustment motor is electrically connected to the onboard computer.

4. The ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator is installed between the nozzle and the boom, and the nozzle serves as an end actuator of the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator; a control end of the three-degree-of-freedom electric manipulator is electrically connected to an onboard computer.

5. The ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotary attitude adjustment motor is arranged between the loading plate and the experimental box, and the rotary attitude adjustment motor is horizontally fixedly installed on the experimental box. The loading plate is coaxially fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the rotary attitude adjustment motor; and the control end of the rotary attitude adjustment motor is electrically connected to the onboard computer.

6. The ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading plate is in the shape of a disk, and is provided with a plurality of sample placement grooves, and the plurality of sample placement grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the loading plate.

7. The ultra-high-speed jet liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective door is arranged on the experimental box at the side of the nozzle and the object carrier, and a transparent window is arranged on the protective door.

8. The ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid collecting tank is arranged below the nozzle and the object loading plate, and a liquid drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the liquid collecting tank.

9. The ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Support bolts are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the experimental box.

10. The ultra-high-speed jet-type liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion and wear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Universal casters are arranged at the bottom side of the experimental box, at the bottom side of the normal pressure water storage tank, and at the bottom side of the sand storage tank.

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