Soil total nitrogen detection system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil total nitrogen detection system and method, and belongs to the technical field of soil detection.The system comprises an optical fiber probe used for emitting near-infrared incident light and receiving and detecting emergent light; the motor is connected with the reflecting mirror and used for driving the reflecting mirror to rotate; the data processing module is in signal connection with the motor and the optical fiber probe and is used for detecting the total nitrogen of the soil according to the near-infrared incident light and the detection emergent light and generating a motor control instruction; according to the soil total nitrogen detection device, the motor is arranged to drive the reflector to rotate, so that when any point of soil is measured, detection emergent light of the point at multiple angles can be obtained, namely, for the soil at any point, multiple pieces of spectral data can be obtained for soil total nitrogen detection, the reliability of the spectral data is greatly improved, and the detection quality of the soil total nitrogen can be better guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular to a soil total nitrogen detection system and method. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, the blind pursuit of high yields leads to excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, which has a serious negative impact on the land environment. In order to evaluate soil fertility, effectively guide fertilization, and improve the sustainable development of agriculture, it is necessary to test soil total nitrogen.

[0003] In order to detect total soil nitrogen and meet the needs of smart agriculture for soil spatial variability and real-time nutrient status assessment, the existing technology usually uses an ASD (Analytical Spectral Devices) spectrometer to measure the spectral data of the soil, and then determines the total nitrogen content of the soil based on the spectral data. However, when using an ASD spectrometer to measure the spectral data of underground soil, a pit needs to be dug in advance to place the ASD spectrometer. The ASD spectrometer can only obtain data from one angle of the soil at a time, resulting in low data reliability.

[0004] Therefore, in the process of detecting total nitrogen in soil, the existing technology has the problem of low reliability of measured spectral data. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a soil total nitrogen detection system and method to solve the problem of low reliability of measured spectral data in the process of soil total nitrogen detection in the prior art.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for detecting total nitrogen in soil, comprising: A fiber optic probe, used for transmitting near-infrared incident light and receiving and detecting outgoing light; A motor is connected to the reflector and is used to drive the reflector to rotate; The data processing module is respectively connected to the motor and the optical fiber probe signal, and is used to detect the total nitrogen in the soil according to the near-infrared incident light and the detected output light, and to generate motor control instructions.

[0007] In a possible implementation, it further includes a support rod, the bottom of the support rod is provided with a conical tip, and the top of the support rod is provided with a data processing module; The pedal is arranged on the side of the support rod close to the conical tip.

[0008] In a possible implementation, it further includes a pressure alarm module connected to the conical tip; When the pressure at the conical tip exceeds a threshold, the pressure alarm module sends out an alarm signal.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the data processing module includes: A motor command generation submodule, used to generate a motor rotation command; The data averaging submodule is used to average the detected output light to obtain averaged output light; An infrared spectrometer, connected to the data averaging submodule signal, for obtaining averaged reflectance spectrum data according to the averaged output light; The total nitrogen detection submodule is used to detect soil total nitrogen based on the averaged reflectance spectral data.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the total nitrogen detection submodule includes a soil total nitrogen detection model, and the soil total nitrogen detection model includes a convolutional layer and a random forest submodel; The convolution layer is used to extract convolution features from the averaged reflectance spectrum data to obtain convolution reflectance spectrum features; The random forest sub-model is used to determine the total nitrogen detection results of the tested soil based on the convolution reflectance spectral features.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the motor can rotate at least 180 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the data processing module also includes a rotation angle control module, which is used to control the reflector to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise at the first angle and measure based on the initial position of the reflector when the reflector rotates clockwise or counterclockwise at the first angle after measurement is completed.

[0013] In a possible implementation, it further includes a sapphire glass, and the sapphire glass is arranged opposite to the reflector; Wherein, when the reflector rotates, sapphire glass is arranged at the corresponding position.

[0014] In a possible implementation, it also includes an optical fiber, which is connected to the optical fiber probe; The optical fiber includes at least one of a hollow core antiresonant optical fiber, a hollow core photonic bandgap optical fiber, a hollow core metal inner layer optical fiber, a hollow core optical fiber with a Bragg cladding, and a surface plasmon resonance optical fiber.

[0015] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a method for detecting total nitrogen in soil, comprising: The motor drives the reflector to rotate to multiple angles according to the motor control command, and the optical fiber probe receives multiple beams of detection output light corresponding to each angle; Based on the data processing module, soil total nitrogen detection is carried out according to near-infrared incident light and multi-beam detection output light.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above embodiment is as follows: the present invention provides a soil total nitrogen detection system, which realizes that when measuring any point in the soil, a motor is set to drive the reflector to rotate, and the detection output light of multiple angles at the point can be obtained, that is, for the soil at any point, multiple spectral data can be obtained to detect the total nitrogen in the soil. Obviously, the reliability of the spectral data is greatly improved, and by comparing the detection results, the detection quality of the total nitrogen in the soil can be better guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a soil total nitrogen detection system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of a soil total nitrogen detection system provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process flow of an embodiment of a method for detecting total nitrogen in soil provided in this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the soil total nitrogen detection method provided by the present application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a process for determining the total nitrogen test result of the soil to be tested according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] The functions of detecting total nitrogen in soil are: 1. Evaluate soil fertility: Soil total nitrogen refers to the sum of various forms of nitrogen in the soil, which mainly comes from the decomposition of organic matter and the application of nitrogen fertilizer. The content of soil total nitrogen reflects the richness of soil organic matter and the supply capacity of soil nutrients, and is an important indicator of soil fertility.

[0020] High soil total nitrogen content usually means that the soil has a higher nutrient supply capacity, which can provide more nitrogen nutrients to plants, help plant growth and development, and improve crop yield and quality. On the contrary, low soil total nitrogen content may lead to insufficient soil nutrient supply and limited plant growth due to nitrogen deficiency.

[0021] 2. Guide fertilization: By testing the total nitrogen content in the soil, the vegetable output that needs to be produced can be estimated, and thus the amount of fertilizer that needs to be put in can be calculated. This helps to avoid blindly adding fertilizers and causing soil contamination again, and can also improve the utilization rate of fertilizers and reduce waste.

[0022] Researchers can precisely control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer based on the test results of total soil nitrogen to ensure that crops have adequate nitrogen supply while avoiding environmental pollution caused by excessive application.

[0023] 3. Monitoring soil health: The detection of total soil nitrogen can also be used as an indicator to assess the health of the soil. Healthy soil should have an appropriate nitrogen content to maintain the balance and stability of the soil ecosystem.

[0024] 4. The detection data of total soil nitrogen can also provide basic data support for scientific research, which helps to gain a deeper understanding of the cycle and transformation process of soil nitrogen, as well as the absorption and utilization mechanism of nitrogen by plants.

[0025] In the prior art, an ASD spectrometer is usually used to measure the spectral data of the soil, and then the total nitrogen content of the soil is determined based on the spectral data. However, the ASD spectrometer can only obtain data from one angle of the soil at one measurement, resulting in low data reliability.

[0026] Therefore, in the process of detecting total nitrogen in soil, the existing technology has the problem of low reliability of measured spectral data.

[0027] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a soil total nitrogen detection system and method, which are described in detail below.

[0028] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the soil total nitrogen detection system provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the soil total nitrogen detection system 100 includes: The optical fiber probe 101 is used for transmitting near-infrared incident light and receiving and detecting outgoing light; A motor 102 is connected to the reflector 103 and is used to drive the reflector 103 to rotate; The data processing module 104 is signal-connected to the motor 102 and the optical fiber probe 101, respectively, and is used to detect soil total nitrogen based on the near-infrared incident light and the detected emitted light, and to generate motor control instructions.

[0029] In this embodiment, by setting the motor 102 to drive the reflector 103 to rotate, it is achieved that when measuring any point in the soil, the detection output light at multiple angles of the point can be obtained, that is, for any point of the soil, multiple spectral data can be obtained to detect the total nitrogen in the soil. Obviously, the reliability of the spectral data is greatly improved, and by comparing the detection results, the detection quality of the total nitrogen in the soil can be better guaranteed.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the working process of the soil total nitrogen detection system 100 is as follows: near-infrared incident light is incident on the reflector 103 through the optical fiber probe 101, and is reflected to the soil by the reflector 103. After the vibration of various groups (CH, OH, etc.) in the molecule causes energy level transition and absorption, detection output light is obtained. The detection output light is reflected by the soil to the reflector 103, and then reflected by the reflector 103 to the optical fiber probe 101 and output, so that the data processing module 104 receives the detection output light; further, in order to obtain spectral data of the soil at multiple angles, the data processing module 104 sends a motor control instruction, and the motor 102 drives the reflector 103 to rotate a certain angle, and emits near-infrared incident light again, and obtains corresponding detection output light, which is repeated multiple times to obtain multiple detection output lights of the soil at a certain position.

[0031] In this embodiment, by measuring the spectral data at multiple angles of the soil at the same location, errors caused by system or other random situations can be avoided, thereby improving the reliability of the spectral data.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the reflector 103 is preferably a UV aluminum film reflector.

[0033] It should be noted that, in order to prevent soil from contaminating the reflector 103 and other devices, the soil total nitrogen detection system 100 further includes a sapphire glass 105, which is arranged opposite to the reflector 103; When the reflector 103 rotates, a sapphire glass 105 is disposed at the corresponding position.

[0034] It should be noted that due to the high hardness of the sapphire glass 105, the complete annular sapphire glass 105 is easily damaged. Therefore, the position of the sapphire glass 105 can be adjusted according to actual needs. In order to ensure the normal operation of the detection work, each detection angle of the reflector 103 needs to be set with a sapphire glass 105 corresponding to it, which will not be elaborated here.

[0035] Furthermore, in order to improve the portability of the soil total nitrogen detection system 100 and realize the measurement of soil total nitrogen anytime and anywhere, Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a soil total nitrogen detection system provided by the present invention. The soil total nitrogen detection system further includes a support rod 106, a conical tip 107 is provided at the bottom of the support rod 106, and a data processing module 104 is provided at the top of the support rod 106; The pedal 108 is disposed on a side of the support rod 106 close to the conical tip 107 .

[0036] In this embodiment, the soil total nitrogen detection system 100 is integrated into a tool through the support rod 106, and the conical tip 107 is provided so that the soil total nitrogen detection system 100 can be easily inserted into the soil for detection. Furthermore, a pedal 108 is specially provided, and the pedal 108 is close to the conical tip 107, so that the soil total nitrogen detection system 100 can be inserted into the soil by external force at a position where the soil is harder.

[0037] It should be noted that the existing ASD spectrometer can only measure the spectral data of the soil surface. When measuring the spectral data of underground soil, digging a pit in advance will cause moisture loss in the soil, and the moisture content seriously affects the accuracy of the spectral data. Therefore, by setting the conical tip 107, the soil total nitrogen detection system 100 can be easily inserted into the soil, and first-hand soil spectral data can be collected, which effectively ensures the reliability of the spectral data.

[0038] Furthermore, since the structure of the soil total nitrogen detection system is relatively sophisticated and expensive, in order to avoid damage to the equipment due to excessive force applied by the staff, a pressure alarm module needs to be provided and connected to the conical tip 107; When the pressure at the conical tip 107 exceeds a threshold, the pressure alarm module sends out an alarm signal.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, the alarm signal includes at least one of a sound signal, a light signal, a digital signal and a vibration signal, which is not limited here.

[0040] In one embodiment, the motor 102 can at least rotate 180 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise. That is, the motor 102 can assist the reflector 103 to rotate 360 ​​degrees.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the optical fiber in the soil total nitrogen detection system 100 is connected to the optical fiber probe 101; wherein the optical fiber includes at least one of a hollow core antiresonant optical fiber, a hollow core photonic bandgap optical fiber, a hollow core metal inner layer optical fiber, a hollow core optical fiber with a Bragg cladding, and a surface plasmon resonance optical fiber.

[0042] In order to solve the above problems, the present application also provides a method for detecting total nitrogen in soil, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the process of one embodiment of the soil total nitrogen detection method provided in this application includes: S301: driving the reflector to rotate to multiple angles based on a motor according to a motor control instruction, and receiving multiple beams of detection light corresponding to each angle based on an optical fiber probe; S302: Based on the data processing module, soil total nitrogen detection is performed according to the near-infrared incident light and the multi-beam detection output light.

[0043] In this embodiment, firstly, a motor drives the reflector to rotate to multiple angles, and a fiber optic probe receives multiple beams of detection light corresponding to each angle, thereby achieving multiple detections at the same detection position to obtain spectral data at multiple angles; then, a data processing module is used to perform soil total nitrogen detection based on the multiple beams of detection light, which can not only judge the reliability of the results by comparing multiple detection results, but also improve the reliability of the soil total nitrogen detection results by performing data processing on the multiple results.

[0044] It should be noted that in S302, there may be a situation where the detected output light and the detection angle cannot correspond smoothly because the motor cannot rotate 360 ​​degrees. In order to avoid this problem, based on the initial position of the reflector, when the reflector is rotated clockwise by a first angle, after the measurement is completed, the reflector is rotated counterclockwise by a first angle and measured.

[0045] That is, with the initial position of the reflector as a reference, the motor drives the reflector to rotate symmetrically. Then, for a certain position point of the soil, any angle of the detected emitted light has a corresponding symmetrical angle of the detected emitted light.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the data processing module includes a data averaging submodule, an infrared spectrometer and a total nitrogen detection submodule; in S302, in order to perform soil total nitrogen detection according to near-infrared incident light and multi-beam detection output light, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of another embodiment of the soil total nitrogen detection method provided in this application includes: S401: performing an averaging process on multiple beams of detected output light based on a data averaging submodule to obtain averaged output light; S402: Obtain averaged reflectance spectrum data by calculating the near-infrared incident light and the averaged output light using an infrared spectrometer; S403: Perform total nitrogen detection based on the averaged reflectance spectrum data based on the total nitrogen detection submodule.

[0047] In this embodiment, multiple beams of detected output light are averaged based on the data averaging submodule to obtain averaged output light, which improves the reliability of the light data of the soil at the same position and avoids possible errors; correspondingly, the averaged reflectance spectral data obtained based on the infrared spectrometer is more reliable, and the final total nitrogen detection result is more accurate.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, in S403, in order to detect total nitrogen according to the averaged reflectance spectrum data, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The schematic diagram of a process for determining the total nitrogen test result of the soil to be tested provided in the present application includes: S501: Construct a soil total nitrogen detection model, which includes a convolutional layer and a random forest sub-model; S502: performing convolution feature extraction on the averaged reflectance spectrum data according to the convolution layer to obtain convolution reflectance spectrum features; S503: The random forest sub-model determines the total nitrogen detection result of the soil to be tested according to the convolution reflectance spectrum characteristics.

[0049] In this embodiment, convolution feature extraction is performed on the averaged reflectance spectral data through a convolution layer, and features are captured in a targeted manner, which effectively improves the reliability of the convolution reflectance spectral features. The total nitrogen detection result of the soil to be tested is determined according to the convolution reflectance spectral features through a random forest sub-model, thereby effectively ensuring the detection efficiency.

[0050] Through the above method, by setting a motor to drive the reflector to rotate, it is achieved that when measuring any point in the soil, the detection output light of multiple angles at that point can be obtained, that is, for any point of the soil, multiple spectral data can be obtained to detect the total nitrogen in the soil. Obviously, the reliability of the spectral data is greatly improved, and by comparing the test results, the detection quality of the total nitrogen in the soil can be better guaranteed.

[0051] The soil total nitrogen detection system and method provided by the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil total nitrogen detection system, characterized in that: include: A fiber optic probe, used for transmitting near-infrared incident light and receiving and detecting outgoing light; A motor connected to the reflector and used to drive the reflector to rotate; The data processing module is respectively connected to the motor and the optical fiber probe signal, and is used to detect the total nitrogen in the soil according to the near-infrared incident light and the detection output light, and to generate a motor control instruction.

2. The soil total nitrogen detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a support rod, wherein the bottom of the support rod is provided with a conical tip, and the top of the support rod is provided with the data processing module; A pedal is arranged on one side of the support rod close to the conical tip.

3. The soil total nitrogen detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also included is a pressure alarm module connected to the conical tip; When the pressure at the conical tip exceeds a threshold, the pressure alarm module sends out an alarm signal.

4. The soil total nitrogen detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing module comprises: A motor command generation submodule, used to generate a motor rotation command; A data averaging submodule, used for averaging the detected output light to obtain averaged output light; an infrared spectrometer, signal-connected to the data averaging submodule, and configured to obtain averaged reflectance spectrum data according to the averaged emitted light; The total nitrogen detection submodule is used to detect the total nitrogen in the soil according to the averaged reflectance spectral data.

5. The soil total nitrogen detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The total nitrogen detection submodule includes a soil total nitrogen detection model, and the soil total nitrogen detection model includes a convolutional layer and a random forest submodel; The convolution layer is used to perform convolution feature extraction on the averaged reflectance spectrum data to obtain convolution reflectance spectrum features; The random forest sub-model is used to determine the total nitrogen detection result of the soil to be tested according to the convolution reflectance spectrum characteristics.

6. The soil total nitrogen detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor can rotate at least 180 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise.

7. The soil total nitrogen detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing module also includes a rotation angle control module, which is used to control the reflector to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise at the first angle and measure based on the initial position of the reflector when the reflector rotates clockwise or counterclockwise at the first angle after measurement is completed.

8. The soil total nitrogen detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a sapphire glass, wherein the sapphire glass is arranged opposite to the reflector; Wherein, when the reflecting mirror rotates, the sapphire glass is arranged at the corresponding position.

9. The soil total nitrogen detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes an optical fiber, the optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber probe; The optical fiber includes at least one of a hollow core antiresonant optical fiber, a hollow core photonic bandgap optical fiber, a hollow core metal inner layer optical fiber, a hollow core optical fiber with a Bragg cladding, and a surface plasmon resonance optical fiber.

10. A method for detecting total nitrogen in soil, applied to the soil total nitrogen detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The motor drives the reflector to rotate to multiple angles according to the motor control command, and the optical fiber probe receives multiple beams of detection output light corresponding to each angle; The data processing module is used to detect total nitrogen in the soil according to the near-infrared incident light and the multiple beams of detection output light.

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