A Photovoltaic Power Station Modeling, Simulation and Analysis System

Abstract

The present invention provides a photovoltaic power station modeling and simulation analysis system, which relates to the field of power station modeling and simulation. It includes: a parameter acquisition module that collects key data such as voltage, current, temperature, and light intensity in real time through sensors, and combines historical data to detect the integrity of the data; a modeling module that, based on the collected data and the physical topology of the power station, adopts a segmented modeling method to separately model the transient processes in different stages to ensure the simulation accuracy; a simulation module that inputs different disturbance parameters based on the model, simulates the load and grid fluctuations through a disturbance generator, analyzes the transient response of the system, and corrects the model in real time; a multi-scenario generation unit that uses historical meteorological and grid data to automatically generate simulation scenarios under extreme environments to test the stability of the power station; and an evaluation module that generates an evaluation report by analyzing the simulation results, identifies equipment failures, and proposes specific suggestions for optimizing operation to ensure the performance and stability of the power station under complex operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power station modeling and simulation, and specifically to a photovoltaic power station modeling and simulation analysis system. Background Technique

[0002] With the growth of global demand for renewable energy, photovoltaic power stations have gradually become an important source of clean energy. The efficient operation of photovoltaic power stations depends on the stability of equipment and real-time monitoring of power station operation. Therefore, a modeling and simulation system is needed to evaluate the transient response characteristics and stability of photovoltaic power stations under different operating conditions, so as to ensure the reliability and performance optimization of the power station.

[0003] The modeling and simulation of traditional photovoltaic power stations usually use a single model and empirical formula to perform static analysis on the power station, lacking dynamic response analysis of the photovoltaic system under different working conditions; in the prior art, a simple linear model is used to evaluate the relationship between the output power of photovoltaic modules and sunlight intensity and temperature, but it cannot deeply reflect the transient changes under grid connection and load changes, resulting in a large deviation between the simulation results and the actual situation.

[0004] The existing modeling and simulation technologies have low accuracy in dealing with complex transient characteristics and cannot accurately simulate the dynamic response of photovoltaic power stations under extreme conditions; a photovoltaic power station modeling and simulation analysis system proposed in this paper uses a segmented modeling method to divide the transient process of the power station into multiple stages, combined with a random disturbance generator, historical data and a multi-scenario generation unit, which can more accurately simulate the transient changes of photovoltaic power stations under different operating conditions and solve the defect that the existing technologies cannot fully simulate complex transient characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a photovoltaic power station modeling and simulation analysis system, which uses a segmented modeling method to divide the transient process of the power station into multiple stages, combined with a random disturbance generator, historical data and a multi-scenario generation unit, which can more accurately simulate the transient changes of photovoltaic power stations under different operating conditions to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0007] (2) Technical Solutions

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic power station modeling and simulation analysis system, including:

[0009] The parameter acquisition module is used to collect the real-time operation parameters of various devices in the photovoltaic power station, and also includes an environmental monitoring unit for monitoring the external environmental parameters of the photovoltaic power station. The environmental parameters are combined with the operation parameters of the power station devices as model input data to dynamically adjust the modeling parameters in the modeling module;

[0010] The modeling module is used to construct a transient model based on the operating parameters obtained by the parameter acquisition module, according to the physical equipment topology and operating characteristics of the photovoltaic power station. The piecewise modeling method is adopted to divide the transient process into multiple stages, and a targeted stage model is established for each stage. The established model is transmitted to the simulation module to prepare for subsequent simulation analysis;

[0011] The simulation module includes a disturbance response unit, a multi-scenario generation unit, and a model correction unit, and is used to perform simulation analysis on the transient model to obtain the transient response results of the power station by inputting disturbance parameters under different conditions;

[0012] The evaluation module is used to analyze the performance of the photovoltaic power station according to the output results of the simulation module, generate an evaluation report, and evaluate the stability and performance of the photovoltaic power station under different operating conditions.

[0013] Preferably, the parameter acquisition module collects various key operating parameters in real time through a variety of sensors deployed on key equipment of the photovoltaic power station, such as voltage sensors, current sensors, temperature sensors, and light intensity sensors; each sensor is connected to the data acquisition device through a dedicated wireless communication protocol, and the data acquisition device has edge computing capabilities and can perform preliminary processing and filtering on the collected data locally to reduce noise interference and improve data accuracy; after the collected processed data is transmitted to the parameter acquisition module through the wireless network, combined with the historical data in the database, the Kalman filtering algorithm for data integrity check is used to detect whether the data is missing or abnormal, and analyze it by comparing the historical trend to ensure the accuracy and continuity of the data; the key operating parameters include voltage, current, power, temperature, and light intensity, the key equipment includes photovoltaic modules, inverters, busbar boxes, transformers, and reactive power compensation equipment, the photovoltaic module includes PV modules, and the wireless communication protocols include LoRa and ZigBee.

[0014] Preferably, based on the dynamic operating condition recognition and adaptive model switching technology, the parameter acquisition module uses the collected device parameters and light environment parameters and transfers them to the modeling module. The modeling module constructs a multi-stage transient model based on the physical topology and operating characteristics of the power station, and uses intelligent algorithms to perform dynamic operating condition recognition on the collected data, such as judging situations like grid connection, steady state, disconnection, and load change. When the operating condition changes, it adaptively switches between segmented models. At the same time, the simulation module analyzes by inputting disturbance parameters under different operating conditions, and its disturbance response unit, multi-scenario generation unit, and model correction unit work together. The data statistics, fault detection, and optimization suggestion generation units of the evaluation module evaluate the power station performance according to the simulation results; wherein the physical topology of the power station refers to the physical connection relationship and layout structure among the photovoltaic cell components, inverters, transformers, busbar boxes, and distribution cabinets in the photovoltaic power station, including their series-parallel connection methods and electrical connection sequences; the operating characteristics cover the electrical characteristics, power output characteristics, response characteristics to environmental changes, fault characteristics, and dynamic response and stability characteristics under situations such as grid connection and disconnection and load change of these devices.

[0015] Preferably, the modeling module first receives real-time data from the parameter acquisition module and gradually establishes its transient model in combination with the physical device topology of the photovoltaic power station; the modeling module adopts a segmented modeling method. According to the operating conditions of the photovoltaic power station, the transient process is divided into multiple key stages, including the grid connection stage, steady-state operation stage, grid disconnection stage, and load change stage. In the grid connection stage, a voltage fluctuation modeling algorithm is used to simulate the transient response when the photovoltaic power station is connected to the grid, considering the voltage impact, frequency fluctuation, and phase difference at the moment of connection; the steady-state operation stage uses a steady-state current and power model to analyze the stability of the output of the photovoltaic modules and inverters. In the grid disconnection stage, a transient disconnection network model is used to analyze the instantaneous response of the power station when disconnected from the grid, focusing on simulating the impact of voltage overshoot and power sudden drop; the load fluctuation stage uses a dynamic load distribution model to simulate the response of the photovoltaic power station under rapid load change or external disturbance and evaluate the adjustment effect of the reactive power compensation device; each stage corresponds to a different modeling algorithm, respectively dealing with the transient changes of the photovoltaic power station under various operating conditions to ensure that the system can accurately simulate the operating characteristics of each stage and improve the accuracy and reliability of the simulation.

[0016] Preferably, the simulation module further includes a disturbance response unit. Based on the established transient model, when inputting different disturbance parameters such as load changes, grid fluctuations, and extreme weather conditions for simulation analysis, a random disturbance generator is used to apply disturbance parameters with different amplitudes and frequencies to evaluate the system's response ability under transient conditions. In the specific process, the simulation module uses numerical integration and discrete event simulation methods to capture the operating state of the photovoltaic power station in cases such as voltage fluctuations and frequency offsets in real time, and outputs key indicators such as voltage, current, and reactive power. The simulation results not only show the transient response of the system under different operating conditions, but also evaluate the response speed and stability of equipment such as inverters and reactive power compensation equipment when dealing with disturbances, where the disturbance parameters include voltage dips and load fluctuations.

[0017] Preferably, the random disturbance generator applies disturbance parameters by setting different amplitude and frequency ranges to simulate the response of the photovoltaic power station under various abnormal operating conditions. The random disturbance generator first randomly generates voltage or current disturbances with different amplitudes according to the preset disturbance range, such as from small fluctuations to large voltage dips. Then the generator randomly determines the frequency of the disturbance to simulate short-time pulses or long-time fluctuations. In this way, the random disturbance generator can apply various disturbances such as load fluctuations, grid instability, or environmental changes with different frequencies, so as to test the transient response of the photovoltaic power station under different disturbance conditions and ensure that the system has strong anti-disturbance ability and stability.

[0018] Preferably, the simulation module includes the model correction unit, which continuously corrects the simulation model through a real-time feedback mechanism. The model correction unit compares the simulation results with the actual operation data of the photovoltaic power station in real time and calculates the error accumulation of key parameters such as voltage, current, and power. Once the error exceeds the set threshold, the model correction unit will automatically adjust the key parameters in the model, such as the response time of the inverter and the adjustment accuracy of the reactive power compensation equipment, and dynamically optimize these parameters using an adaptive algorithm to ensure that the model can closely follow the changes of the actual system. The model correction unit continuously operates during the simulation process to gradually reduce the deviation between the simulation results and the measured data.

[0019] Preferably, the simulation module further includes a multi-scenario generation unit that automatically generates simulation scenarios under various extreme environments by reading historical meteorological data and grid operation records. The specific operation is as follows: First, read historical meteorological information, such as extreme weather conditions like storms, high temperatures, low temperatures, strong winds, and grid instability, as well as large-scale fluctuations and abnormal records during grid operation; then set specific simulation parameters for each environmental condition, such as wind speed, rainfall, and voltage fluctuation amplitude, and automatically generate corresponding simulation scenarios according to these parameters; these simulation scenarios include different external conditions and grid conditions, such as voltage changes during storms or load fluctuations when the grid is unstable. By testing these extreme scenarios one by one, evaluate the operation performance and stability of the photovoltaic power station under different extreme conditions.

[0020] Preferably, the evaluation module includes the fault detection unit. First, receive the electrical parameter data output by the simulation module, and use the data statistics unit for detailed statistical analysis. Generate a time-varying curve graph by calculating indicators such as the average value, peak value, and variance to show the changing trends of various parameters of the photovoltaic power station over time; at the same time, the evaluation module focuses on capturing instantaneous phenomena and evaluates the stability of the system in response to sudden situations with the help of the sudden state analysis algorithm; the fault detection unit uses an anomaly detection algorithm to automatically identify abnormal data in the simulation results and compare these data with historical operation records to determine whether there are equipment failures or abnormal operations. Once an anomaly is detected, the evaluation module will generate a detailed analysis report, giving speculation on the cause of the fault and corresponding maintenance or replacement suggestions to help the operation and maintenance personnel handle potential problems in a timely manner and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the photovoltaic power station; the electrical parameters include voltage, current, and power, and the instantaneous phenomena include current mutation and voltage overshoot.

[0021] Preferably, the evaluation module further includes the optimization suggestion generation unit. By analyzing the performance data output by the simulation and combining with the design and operation parameters of the photovoltaic power station, automatically generate targeted optimization solutions. The optimization suggestion generation unit first analyzes key operation indicators, such as load distribution, voltage stability, reactive power compensation effect, and the regulation efficiency of the inverter; based on these data, the optimization suggestion generation unit applies an optimization algorithm to evaluate the current operation state and identify potential improvement spaces. When the load distribution is uneven or the reactive power compensation is insufficient, it will put forward adjustment suggestions, such as optimizing power distribution, adjusting the configuration of reactive power compensation equipment, or fine-tuning the parameters of the inverter; through the generated optimization report, it can not only provide a diagnosis of existing problems, but also provide detailed optimization strategies and implementation suggestions for improving the overall operation efficiency and stability of the power station, guiding subsequent improvements.

[0022] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0023] The present invention provides a photovoltaic power station modeling and simulation analysis system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The system collects and real-time monitors the key equipment parameters of the photovoltaic power station through multiple sensors, such as voltage, current, temperature, and light intensity, to ensure the continuity and accuracy of data, and uses the Kalman filter algorithm to correct the collected data. By comprehensively monitoring the real-time operating parameters of the key equipment of the power station, it can effectively identify abnormalities, reduce misjudgments caused by data noise or missing data, and improve the reliability of the overall system monitoring.

[0025] 2. The multi-scenario generation unit of the system can automatically create multiple simulation scenarios to simulate the transient response of the photovoltaic power station under different climate conditions and grid fluctuations. By reading historical meteorological data and grid operation records, the system can set simulation parameters for extreme conditions and test the operating capabilities of the photovoltaic power station one by one. This not only helps to discover potential risks in advance, but also provides a favorable reference for the protection design and operation strategy optimization of the photovoltaic power station, improving the robustness of the system to complex working conditions.

[0026] 3. The segmented modeling method of the system divides the transient process of the photovoltaic power station into different key stages, significantly improving the accuracy and responsiveness of the simulation model. Each stage uses different modeling algorithms to process the transient changes under specific working conditions to ensure that the simulation results can accurately reflect the operating characteristics of the photovoltaic power station at different stages. Through the dynamic load distribution and transient power-off model, the system can accurately simulate the complex transient phenomena in actual operation and provide reliable support for the stable operation of the photovoltaic power station. Specific implementation manner

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] The embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic power station modeling and simulation analysis system, which includes a parameter acquisition module, a modeling module, a simulation module, and an evaluation module. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0030] The parameter acquisition module of the system collects the operating parameters of the equipment in real time through a variety of sensors deployed on the key equipment of the photovoltaic power station; the key equipment includes photovoltaic modules, inverters, busbar boxes, transformers, and reactive power compensation equipment; the photovoltaic modules mainly include PV modules, and the sensors involve voltage sensors, current sensors, temperature sensors, and light intensity sensors; each sensor is connected to the data acquisition device through wireless communication protocols such as LoRa and ZigBee; the data acquisition device is equipped with edge computing capabilities, which can perform preliminary processing and filtering on the collected data to reduce noise interference and ensure the accuracy of the data; the operating parameters collected in real time include the voltage, current, temperature, light intensity, etc. of the photovoltaic cell modules, and are transmitted to the parameter acquisition module through a wireless network; the system combines the historical data in the database and uses the Kalman filter algorithm to check the integrity of the data, detect whether there are missing or abnormal data, and further analyze by comparing the historical data trends to ensure the continuity and accuracy of the data.

[0031] Then, according to the real-time data obtained by the parameter acquisition module and combined with the physical equipment topology of the photovoltaic power station, the modeling module gradually establishes the transient model of the photovoltaic power station; the modeling module adopts a segmented modeling method, dividing the transient process of the photovoltaic power station into multiple key stages, including the grid connection stage, steady-state operation stage, load fluctuation stage, and grid disconnection stage; different modeling algorithms are used in each stage to handle the transient changes under different working conditions; in the grid connection stage, the system uses a voltage fluctuation modeling algorithm to simulate the transient response when the photovoltaic power station is connected to the grid, considering the voltage impact, frequency fluctuation, and phase difference problems at the moment of connection. The core formula is where V grid (t) represents the change of the grid connection point voltage with time, V0 is the initial voltage, A is the voltage amplitude, α is the attenuation coefficient, ω is the angular frequency, is the initial phase; in the steady-state operation stage, a steady-state current and power model is used to analyze the stability of the output of the photovoltaic modules and inverters; in the load fluctuation stage, a dynamic load distribution model is used to simulate the response of the photovoltaic power station under rapid load changes or external disturbances, especially to evaluate the adjustment effect of the reactive power compensation equipment; in the grid disconnection stage, a transient disconnection model is used to analyze the transient response of the photovoltaic power station when the grid is disconnected, simulating the effects of voltage overshoot and power sudden drop; through this staged modeling method, the system can accurately simulate the transient process of the photovoltaic power station under different operating conditions and improve the accuracy of the simulation.

[0032] Subsequently, based on the modeling module, the simulation module performs a simulation analysis on the transient model of the photovoltaic power station by inputting disturbance parameters under different conditions. The disturbance parameters can be grid fluctuations, load changes, or extreme weather conditions, such as rapid voltage dips or instantaneous load changes. The random disturbance generator applies the disturbance parameters by setting different amplitude and frequency ranges. For example, it randomly generates voltage or current disturbances with different amplitudes from a preset disturbance range, and then randomly determines the frequency of the disturbance to simulate various situations such as short-time pulses or long-time fluctuations. The disturbance voltage is calculated by the formula: V perturb (t) = V nominal + rV nominal sin(2πft), where V perturb is the disturbance voltage, V nominal is the rated voltage, r is the disturbance amplitude proportionality coefficient, and f is the disturbance frequency. During the simulation process, through numerical integration and discrete event simulation methods, the operating state of the photovoltaic power station under voltage fluctuations, frequency offsets, etc. is captured in real time, and key indicators such as voltage, current, and reactive power are output. The response speed and stability of equipment such as inverters and reactive power compensation equipment in response to disturbances are analyzed. The simulation results demonstrate the transient response ability of the system under different operating conditions and evaluate the instantaneous response and stability of the photovoltaic power station under different conditions.

[0033] Finally, the evaluation module conducts a detailed analysis of the performance of the photovoltaic power station based on the results output by the simulation module. This module evaluates the stability and performance of the photovoltaic power station under different operating states through the analysis of electrical parameters. The system generates a time-varying curve graph based on data such as voltage, current, and power to show the changing trends of these key parameters over time. At the same time, the evaluation module uses an anomaly detection algorithm to identify abnormal data in the simulation output and compare it with historical data. Once an anomaly is detected, the system will automatically generate a fault detection report, providing speculation on the cause of the fault and suggestions for equipment maintenance or replacement. Finally, the evaluation module also generates a comprehensive evaluation report on the performance of the photovoltaic power station to help operation and maintenance personnel identify potential risks and optimize the operation efficiency of the power station.

[0034] Embodiment 2:

[0035] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment adds a multi-scenario simulation analysis and optimization suggestion generation unit to enhance the system's scenario adaptability and optimization capabilities. The multi-scenario generation unit automatically generates simulation scenarios under extreme environmental conditions by reading historical meteorological data and power grid operation records. In specific operations, the system first extracts historical meteorological information from the database, such as extreme weather conditions like heavy rain, strong wind, high temperature, and low temperature, as well as large-scale fluctuations and abnormal conditions in the power grid operation records. Then, specific simulation parameters are set for each environmental condition, such as wind speed, rainfall, voltage fluctuation amplitude, etc., and corresponding simulation scenarios are automatically generated based on these parameters. Each simulation scenario simulates specific external conditions and power grid states, such as voltage changes during a storm, power fluctuations during strong wind, and load responses when the power grid is unstable. Through multi-scenario simulation tests, the system can evaluate the operation performance and stability of the photovoltaic power station under different extreme conditions, identify potential design defects or performance bottlenecks in advance, and provide a basis for the protection design of the photovoltaic power station.

[0036] Based on the multi-scenario simulation analysis, the evaluation module further enhances the system's performance analysis capabilities, especially the optimization suggestion generation unit. This unit automatically generates optimization suggestions by analyzing the performance data output from the simulation and combining the design parameters and historical operation records of the photovoltaic power station. The system comprehensively analyzes the operation state of the photovoltaic power station and evaluates key indicators such as load distribution, voltage stability, reactive power compensation effect, and inverter regulation efficiency. Based on these data, the optimization suggestion generation unit uses optimization algorithms to evaluate the current operation efficiency of the photovoltaic power station and identify possible optimization directions. When the system detects uneven load distribution, it will suggest optimizing the power distribution strategy and adjusting the output power of each photovoltaic module to balance the load distribution. When the adjustment effect of the reactive power compensation device is insufficient, the system will suggest reconfiguring the adjustment parameters of the reactive power compensation device or adding compensation devices. For the case where the inverter regulation speed is slow, the system will propose an adjustment plan to improve the inverter response speed. The optimization suggestions are not limited to the existing problems but can also put forward forward-looking suggestions based on potential risks in the simulation results to help the photovoltaic power station improve its overall operation efficiency and stability.

[0037] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power station modeling simulation analysis system, comprising a parameter acquisition module, a modeling module, a simulation module and an evaluation module, characterized in that: The parameter acquisition module is used to collect the real-time operating parameters of various equipment in the photovoltaic power station, and also includes an environmental monitoring unit for monitoring the external environmental parameters of the photovoltaic power station. The environmental parameters are combined with the operating parameters of the power station equipment as model input data to dynamically adjust the modeling parameters in the modeling module; The modeling module is used to build a transient model according to the operating parameters obtained by the parameter acquisition module and the physical equipment topology and operating characteristics of the photovoltaic power station, and adopt a segmented modeling method to subdivide the transient process into multiple stages, establish a targeted stage model for each stage, and pass the built model to the simulation module; The simulation module includes a disturbance response unit, a multi-scenario generation unit and a model correction unit, which are used to perform simulation analysis on the transient model and obtain transient response results of the power station by inputting disturbance parameters under different conditions; The evaluation module is used to analyze the performance of the photovoltaic power station according to the output results of the simulation module, generate an evaluation report, and evaluate the stability and performance of the photovoltaic power station under different operating conditions.

2. A photovoltaic power station modeling simulation analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameter acquisition module is used to collect real-time operating parameters of equipment in the photovoltaic power station and external environmental parameters, wherein the equipment operating parameters include the voltage, current, temperature, and light intensity of the photovoltaic cell assembly, and the environmental parameters include light intensity, wind speed, temperature, and humidity. The collected parameters are transmitted to the modeling module after processing to provide a data basis for modeling. The module is equipped with a variety of sensors, and the sensors and processing units are connected via a wireless network to ensure accurate acquisition and transmission of data.

3. A photovoltaic power station modeling simulation analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modeling module processes the transient process of the photovoltaic power station based on a segmented modeling method based on dynamic operating condition identification and adaptive model switching technology; the segmented modeling divides the transient process into multiple stages, and establishes stage models for different situations in the grid access stage, steady-state operation stage, grid disconnection stage and load change stage, so as to cope with the complex operating conditions of the power station and improve the accuracy of the simulation results.

4. A photovoltaic power station modeling simulation analysis system according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the segmented modeling process, for the grid access stage, a detailed model is established by considering the voltage impact, frequency fluctuation and phase difference factors at the moment of access; for the steady-state operation stage, a steady-state current and power model is used to analyze the stability of the output of photovoltaic modules and inverters; for the above-mentioned grid disconnection stage, the power balance and voltage stability changes are analyzed according to the disconnection reasons and the emergency control strategy of the power station; in the load change stage, the charging and discharging characteristics are modeled according to the load change rate, amplitude and type and combined with the power regulation capability of the power station.

5. A photovoltaic power station modeling simulation analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation module includes a disturbance response unit, which is used to apply random disturbance parameters during the simulation process to simulate the response of the photovoltaic power station under transient conditions; the disturbance response unit generates simulation results according to the input disturbance type to evaluate the transient stability of the power station system.

6. A photovoltaic power station modeling simulation analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation module also includes a multi-scenario generation unit, which generates multiple simulation scenarios based on historical operating data and preset extreme operating conditions. The scenario generation unit can automatically adjust simulation parameters to test the performance of the photovoltaic power station under different operating environments.

7. A photovoltaic power station modeling simulation analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation module further includes a model correction unit, which automatically corrects key parameters according to the error accumulation situation by comparing the simulation results with the actual measured data through real-time feedback. The key parameters include inverter response time and reactive power compensation parameters.

8. A photovoltaic power station modeling simulation analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation module includes a data statistics unit, which is used to perform statistical analysis on various electrical parameters output by simulation, generate a curve chart showing the change of parameters over time, capture and analyze transient phenomena, and output a detailed statistical report.