Arid desert region greening seedling planting water retention system

Abstract

The invention discloses an arid desert region greening seedling planting water retention system which comprises a fixed port, a movable port, a water collecting tank and a water valve, the fixed port is used for being arranged at the contact position of the root of a greening seedling and soil in a sleeving mode, and the movable port is an opening reserved in one side of the surface of the arid desert region greening seedling planting water retention system. The arid desert region greening seedling planting water retention system is in a funnel shape with the periphery higher than the middle, water collecting grooves are formed in the surface of the arid desert region greening seedling planting water retention system, and the lowest point of each water collecting groove is arranged on a greening seedling planting mounting hole in the middle of the arid desert region greening seedling planting water retention system. The interior of the water retention system for greening seedlings in the arid desert region is of a hollow structure, the water collecting tank drains part of rainwater into the hollow structure, the water valve is arranged around the fixing opening, and the water retention system further comprises a humidity testing module, a soil moisture state monitoring module and a control end, and water is accurately supplied to the greening seedlings through analysis and calculation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of desert planting, and in particular to a water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the technology of timed water supply is generally adopted for planting green seedlings in arid areas. Water pipes such as water pipes need to be introduced into the interior. When the soil is detected to be dry, water is supplied to the roots of the green seedlings. The cost is high and accurate water supply cannot be achieved. When monitoring the soil conditions, a series of environmental test sensors such as temperature sensors and humidity sensors are used, but the effective analysis and processing of the collected signals are ignored. In addition, in desert areas, the signal collection accuracy of the sensors cannot be guaranteed, resulting in a low survival rate of the green seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] The greening seedling water conservation system in arid desert areas includes a fixed port, a movable port, a water collection trough, and a water valve, wherein the fixed port is used to be installed on the contact position between the roots of the greening seedlings and the soil, the movable port is an opening left on one side of the surface of the greening seedling water conservation system in arid desert areas, the greening seedling water conservation system in arid desert areas adopts a funnel shape with high sides and a low middle, a water collection trough with a depth of 3 cm is set on the surface of the greening seedling water conservation system in arid desert areas, and the lowest point of each water collection trough is set on the greening seedling installation hole in the middle of the greening seedling water conservation system in arid desert areas, the interior of the greening seedling water conservation system in arid desert areas is a hollow structure, the water collection trough drains part of the rainwater to the internal hollow structure, and the water valve is set around the fixed port.

[0006] The arid desert greening seedling water conservation system also includes a humidity testing module, which is arranged in the soil where the greening seedlings are planted and is used to test soil humidity information.

[0007] The arid desert area greening seedling water conservation system also includes a soil moisture status monitoring module, which is used to monitor the soil moisture movement information of the greening seedlings.

[0008] The greening seedling water conservation system in arid desert areas also includes a control end, which is used to receive soil moisture information and soil moisture movement information. The control end stores a soil moisture threshold and a soil moisture movement threshold range. If the soil moisture information and soil moisture movement information received by the control end exceed the soil moisture threshold and the soil moisture movement threshold range, the control end controls the water valve to start releasing water until the soil moisture information and soil moisture movement information received by the control end do not exceed the soil moisture threshold and the soil moisture movement threshold range.

[0009] Preferably, a water level monitoring device is also provided in the hollow structure inside the greening seedling water conservation system in arid desert areas. The water level monitoring device is used to monitor the water volume information in the hollow structure. If it exceeds a preset range, an early warning message is sent through the control terminal.

[0010] Preferably, the soil moisture status monitoring module is used to monitor the soil moisture movement information of greening seedlings, and the soil moisture movement information is described by the following equation:

[0011]

[0012] Among them, θ is the soil volume water content, h is the soil matrix potential, z is the vertical coordinate, x is the horizontal coordinate, t is the time, K(h) is the unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity, and S(x,z,h) is the water absorption value of the greening seedling root system;

[0013] The soil moisture infiltration value θ(h) is:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, θ s is the soil saturated moisture content, θ r is the residual moisture content of soil, a is an environmental constant, which is proportional to the soil moisture;

[0016] The hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soil K(h) is:

[0017]

[0018]

[0019] Among them, K s is the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil, S e is the relative saturation of soil, m is the pore size parameter, n is the pore size distribution parameter, n>1, l is the shape coefficient, which is taken as 0.5;

[0020] The water absorption value S(x,z,h) of the greening seedling root system is:

[0021] S(x,z,h)=a(x,z,h)·b(x,z)·T p(t)·L p

[0022] Among them, a(x,z,h) is the soil moisture response function, whose value range is [0,1], b(x,z) is the root density distribution function, T p (t) is the evaporation rate, L p is the width of the soil surface;

[0023] The soil moisture response function a(x,z,h) is:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, h1 is the soil water potential corresponding to the anaerobic point, h2 is the most suitable soil water potential for root water absorption, h3 is the soil water potential when the root stops absorbing water, and h4 is the soil water potential corresponding to the wilting coefficient;

[0026] The root density distribution function b(x,z) is:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, x m is the maximum rooting length in the horizontal direction, z m is the maximum rooting length in the vertical direction, x and z represent the distance from the origin in the horizontal and vertical directions, P x and P z is the asymmetric geometric empirical coefficient of root spatial distribution; x* and z* represent the maximum water absorption position of the root in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0029] Preferably, the humidity testing module includes a humidity sensor, a first signal processing circuit, a second signal processing circuit and a third signal processing circuit, wherein the output end of the humidity sensor is connected to the input end of the first signal processing circuit, the output end of the first signal processing circuit is connected to the input end of the second signal processing circuit, the output end of the second signal processing circuit is connected to the input end of the third signal processing circuit, and the third signal processing circuit transmits the signal to the control end.

[0030] Preferably, the first signal processing circuit includes a capacitor, a resistor and an operational amplifier; wherein the output end of the humidity sensor is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the input end of the second signal processing circuit.

[0031] Preferably, the second signal processing circuit includes a resistor, a diode, a capacitor and two operational amplifiers; wherein the output end of the first signal processing circuit is connected to one end of the resistor R3, one end of the resistor R3 is also connected to one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the inverting input end of an operational amplifier, the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier is grounded, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the output end of an operational amplifier, one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3, the output end of an operational amplifier is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, and the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R5. , the anode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the inverting input terminal of another operational amplifier, the non-inverting input terminal of the other operational amplifier is grounded, one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the other operational amplifier, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output terminal of the other operational amplifier, the output terminal of the other operational amplifier is connected to one end of the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to one end of the capacitor C6, the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded, and the output terminal of the other operational amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the third signal processing circuit as the output terminal of the second signal processing circuit.

[0032] Preferably, the third signal processing circuit includes a resistor, a voltage regulator, a capacitor, a field effect transistor and an operational amplifier; wherein the output end of the second signal processing circuit is connected to one end of the resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the resistor R12 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the resistor R10 is connected to a capacitor, the other end of the capacitor is grounded, one end of the resistor R10 is also connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator, the anode of the voltage regulator is grounded, one end of the resistor R10 is also connected to one end of the resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the power supply VSS, one end of another capacitor is connected to the power supply VSS, the other end of another capacitor is grounded, one end of the resistor R10 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the capacitor C7 and the resistor R13 connected in parallel is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, The other end of the capacitor C7 and the resistor R13 connected in parallel is connected to one end of the capacitor C10, the one end of the capacitor C8 and the resistor R14 connected in parallel is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the capacitor C8 and the resistor R14 connected in parallel is connected to the other end of the capacitor C10, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the source of the field effect transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R16 is connected to the other end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected to the power supply VSS, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply VSS, one end of the capacitor C9 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the power supply VSS, one end of the resistor R17 is connected to the source of the field effect transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R17 is connected to the control end as the output end of the third signal processing circuit.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas is set at the root of the greening seedlings. The hollow structure in the water conservation system can collect part of the rainwater in a rainy environment, and can also divert part of the rainwater for irrigation. Then, by monitoring the soil moisture signal and analyzing and calculating the movement of soil moisture, intelligent water supply can be achieved in drought periods. The soil moisture movement, that is, the soil dynamic information, can be accurately obtained through data analysis. The soil moisture signal, that is, the soil static information, can be accurately obtained through the signal processing circuit. High-precision information extraction ensures the normal growth of greening seedlings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a first signal processing circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a second signal processing circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a third signal processing circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1-fixed port; 2-movable port; 3-water collecting tank; 4-water valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, wherein the accompanying drawings are only used for exemplary descriptions and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual drawings, and should not be understood as limitations on this patent. In order to better illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the accompanying drawings may be omitted. Based on the specific embodiments of the present invention, all other specific embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside" and "outside" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, the water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas comprises a fixed port 1, a movable port 2, a water collecting trough 3 and a water valve 4, wherein the fixed port 1 is used to be mounted on the contact position between the roots of the greening seedlings and the soil, considering the installation operation, the movable port 2 is an opening left on one side of the surface of the water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas, which is convenient for the movement and replacement of the water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas, and the water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas adopts a funnel shape with high sides and low middle, which can effectively enhance the drainage effect of rainwater, and at the same time, a plurality of water collecting troughs 3 with a depth of 3 cm are arranged on the surface of the water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas, and the lowest point of each water collecting trough 3 is arranged on the greening seedling installation hole in the middle of the water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas, which is convenient for the growth of the main trunk of the seedlings and can avoid affecting the water distribution effect, the interior of the water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas is a hollow structure, the water collecting trough 3 drains part of the rainwater to the internal hollow structure, and the water valve 4 is arranged around the fixed port 1.

[0044] The arid desert greening seedling water conservation system also includes a humidity testing module, which is arranged in the soil where the greening seedlings are planted and is used to test soil humidity information.

[0045] The arid desert area greening seedling water conservation system also includes a soil moisture status monitoring module for monitoring the movement information of soil moisture for greening seedlings.

[0046] The greening seedling water conservation system in arid desert areas also includes a control end, which is used to receive soil moisture information and soil moisture movement information. The control end stores a soil moisture threshold and a soil moisture movement threshold range. If the soil moisture information and soil moisture movement information received by the control end exceed the soil moisture threshold and the soil moisture movement threshold range, the control end controls the water valve 4 to start releasing water until the soil moisture information and soil moisture movement information received by the control end do not exceed the soil moisture threshold and the soil moisture movement threshold range.

[0047] Specifically, a water level monitoring device is provided in the hollow structure inside the greening seedling water conservation system in arid desert areas to monitor the water volume information in the hollow structure. If the water volume exceeds a preset range, an early warning message is sent through the control terminal.

[0048] Here, the soil moisture information of the soil of greening seedlings in arid desert areas can be accurately reflected by comparing the soil moisture information and the soil moisture movement information. The soil moisture information is to obtain the static information of the soil, while the soil moisture movement information is to obtain the dynamic information of the soil. Combining the two information can ensure that the greening seedlings grow in an environment with sufficient and appropriate humidity. Moreover, according to the different growth stages of the greening seedlings, the soil moisture can be changed by adjusting the soil moisture threshold and the soil moisture movement threshold range.

[0049] Specifically, the soil moisture status monitoring module is used to monitor the soil moisture movement information of greening seedlings. The soil moisture movement information is described by the following equation:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, θ is the soil volume moisture content, h is the soil matrix potential, z is the vertical coordinate, x is the horizontal coordinate, t is the time, K(h) is the unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity, and S(x,z,h) is the water absorption value of the green seedling root system.

[0052] When the greening seedling water retention system is installed, it is saturated, so the initial moisture content is set to the saturated moisture content and the water potential is 0. Generally, the soil moisture content in desert arid areas is about 0.15 and the soil water potential value is -15000cm.

[0053] The soil moisture infiltration value θ(h) is:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, θ s is the soil saturated moisture content, θ r is the residual moisture content of soil, a is an environmental constant, which is proportional to the soil moisture.

[0056] The hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soil K(h) is:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, K s is the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil, S e is the relative saturation of soil, m is the pore size parameter, n is the pore size distribution parameter, n>1, l is the shape coefficient, which is taken as 0.5.

[0059] Here, there are 6 parameters (θ s ,θ r ,a,n,K s ,l), due to the parameter (θ s ,θ r ,n,l) is not sensitive to the dynamic test results. During the test, θ r , n, l, are 0.078, 1.9, and 0.5 respectively.

[0060] The water absorption value S(x,z,h) of the greening seedling root system is:

[0061] S(x,z,h)=a(x,z,h)·b(x,z)·T p (t)·L p

[0062] Among them, a(x,z,h) is the soil moisture response function, whose value range is [0,1], b(x,z) is the root density distribution function, T p (t) is the evaporation rate, L p is the width of the soil surface.

[0063] The soil moisture response function a(x,z,h) is:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, h1 is the soil water potential corresponding to the anaerobic point, h2 is the most suitable soil water potential for root water absorption, h3 is the soil water potential at which the roots stop absorbing water, and h4 is the soil water potential corresponding to the wilting coefficient. When the soil water potential is between h2 and h3, the root water absorption rate is the largest, and when the soil water potential is between h1 and h2 (or h3 and h4), the root water absorption rate increases (or decreases) linearly. When the soil water potential is greater than h1 (or less than h4), the root water absorption rate is 0.

[0066] Most of the root lengths of green seedlings with drought and heat resistance are 40 cm, with a horizontal distance of 20 cm. The calculated values ​​of h1, h2, h3 and h4 are -10 cm, -25 cm, -200 cm and -500 cm respectively.

[0067] The root density distribution function b(x,z) is:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, x m is the maximum rooting length in the horizontal direction, z m is the maximum rooting length in the vertical direction, x and z represent the distance from the origin in the horizontal and vertical directions, P x and P z is the asymmetric geometric empirical coefficient of root spatial distribution; x* and z* represent the maximum water absorption position of the root in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0070] Specifically, in order to ensure that green seedlings retain moisture for a long time in arid desert areas, the surface of the green seedling water retention system in arid desert areas is made of materials with high reflectivity.

[0071] Specifically, the humidity testing module includes a humidity sensor, a first signal processing circuit, a second signal processing circuit and a third signal processing circuit, wherein the output end of the humidity sensor is connected to the input end of the first signal processing circuit, the output end of the first signal processing circuit is connected to the input end of the second signal processing circuit, the output end of the second signal processing circuit is connected to the input end of the third signal processing circuit, and the third signal processing circuit transmits the signal to the control end.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the first signal processing circuit includes a capacitor, a resistor and an operational amplifier; wherein the output end of the humidity sensor is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the input end of the second signal processing circuit.

[0073] The first signal processing circuit and the second signal processing circuit are the key to ensure the signal quality of the humidity sensor. A low-noise preamplifier is used in the circuit to process the humidity sensor signal, which can effectively suppress noise and interference. The output signal of the humidity sensor is an AC signal with a DC bias. The function of capacitor C1 is to filter out the DC bias and only retain the AC signal component. Then, the cutoff frequency of the filter is set through the RC low-pass filter circuit, so that signals below the frequency are allowed to pass, while signals above the frequency are attenuated. The operational amplifier is used to buffer and isolate the front and rear circuits to prevent mutual influence between them. The DC gain of the amplifier is designed to be 0dB, the cutoff frequency is designed to be 10.3kHz, and the output AC signal is Vout1.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, the second signal processing circuit includes a resistor, a diode, a capacitor and two operational amplifiers; wherein, the output end of the first signal processing circuit is connected to one end of the resistor R3, one end of the resistor R3 is also connected to one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the inverting input end of an operational amplifier, the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier is grounded, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the output end of an operational amplifier, one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R5, The anode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the inverting input terminal of another operational amplifier, the non-inverting input terminal of the other operational amplifier is grounded, one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the other operational amplifier, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output terminal of the other operational amplifier, the output terminal of the other operational amplifier is connected to one end of the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to one end of the capacitor C6, the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded, and the output terminal of the other operational amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the third signal processing circuit as the output terminal of the second signal processing circuit.

[0075] After the front-stage signal processing circuit, the output signal Vout1 is an AC signal and cannot be directly used by the back-stage circuit. The signal processed by the second processing circuit is a clean, stable and distortion-free DC signal, where the resistor R5 is twice the value of R3, and R4, R6, and R7 are the same. The feedback network of the operational amplifier is used to reduce the voltage drop effect of the rectifier diode, and the voltage drop of the rectifier diodes D1 and D2 is reduced to β / a times, β is the closed-loop gain, and a is the open-loop gain of the operational amplifier. Since the a value is much larger than the β value, the diode voltage drop can be ignored, so that the nonlinear effect of the rectifier diode is greatly reduced. The circuit realizes stable and distortion-free transmission of the output signal. The relationship between the output signal Vout2 and the input signal Vout1 is:

[0076] Vout2=-Vout1 Vout1<0

[0077] Vout2=Vout1 Vout1≥0

[0078] like Figure 4 As shown, the third signal processing circuit includes a resistor, a voltage regulator, a capacitor, a field effect transistor and an operational amplifier; wherein, the output end of the second signal processing circuit is connected to one end of the resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the resistor R12 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the resistor R10 is connected to a capacitor, the other end of the capacitor is grounded, one end of the resistor R10 is also connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator, the anode of the voltage regulator is grounded, one end of the resistor R10 is also connected to one end of the resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the power supply VSS, one end of another capacitor is connected to the power supply VSS, the other end of another capacitor is grounded, one end of the resistor R10 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the capacitor C7 and the resistor R13 connected in parallel is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the capacitor C7 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier. The other end of the capacitor C7 and the resistor R13 connected in parallel is connected to one end of the capacitor C10, the one end of the capacitor C8 and the resistor R14 connected in parallel is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the capacitor C8 and the resistor R14 connected in parallel is connected to the other end of the capacitor C10, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the source of the field effect transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R16 is connected to the other end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected to the power supply VSS, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply VSS, one end of the capacitor C9 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the power supply VSS, one end of the resistor R17 is connected to the source of the field effect transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R17 is connected to the control end as the output end of the third signal processing circuit.

[0079] In the measurement and processing of soil moisture signals, the DC signal Vout2 obtained after the pre-processing circuit is often not directly used for post-processing. In order to meet the requirements for standard interfaces in applications, the present invention implements a high-precision conversion output circuit to convert the voltage signal into a 4-20mA current signal output of the standard interface. The values ​​of R10, R11, R13, and R14 are the same, and the value of R12 is half of R13, ensuring a good linear relationship between the current output and the input voltage. The conversion relationship between the output voltage signal Vout2 and the current output signal Iout is:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, 1.2V is the reference voltage and R17 is the conversion resistor.

[0082] When the output signal Vout3 is 0, according to the above formula, the current output Iout is 4mA, which meets the requirements of the standard interface. In order to obtain higher output accuracy, the third signal processing circuit uses a signal source for calibration. The signal source can provide a known and accurate voltage value. By inputting the voltage value into the circuit and measuring the corresponding current output value, the conversion relationship of the circuit can be accurately calibrated.

[0083] In practical applications, no matter how the input voltage changes, the circuit can output an accurate 4-20mA current signal that meets industrial standards. The third signal processing circuit not only realizes the precise conversion of voltage to current, but also ensures the stability and reliability of the output.

[0084] In the above implementation manner, the water conservation system for greening seedlings in arid desert areas is arranged at the root position of the greening seedlings. The hollow structure in the water conservation system can collect part of the rainwater in a rainy environment, and can also divert part of the rainwater for irrigation. Then, by monitoring the soil moisture signal and analyzing and calculating the movement of soil moisture, intelligent water supply can be achieved in drought periods. The soil moisture movement, that is, the soil dynamic information, can be accurately obtained through data analysis. The soil moisture signal, that is, the soil static information, can be accurately obtained through the signal processing circuit. High-precision information extraction ensures the normal growth of greening seedlings.

[0085] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for illustrating the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which shall fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water conservation system for greening seedlings in an arid desert area, the water conservation system for greening seedlings in an arid desert area comprising a fixed port (1), a movable port (2), a water collection tank (3), and a water valve (4), wherein: The fixed opening (1) is used to be sleeved on the position where the roots of the greening seedlings contact the soil, and the movable opening (2) is an opening left on one side of the surface of the greening seedling water conservation system in the arid desert area. The greening seedling water conservation system in the arid desert area adopts a funnel shape with high sides and low middle. The water collection trough (3) with a depth of 3 cm is arranged on the surface of the greening seedling water conservation system in the arid desert area, and the lowest point of each water collection trough (3) is arranged on the greening seedling installation hole in the middle of the greening seedling water conservation system in the arid desert area. The interior of the greening seedling water conservation system in the arid desert area is a hollow structure, and the water collection trough (3) drains part of the rainwater to the internal hollow structure. The water valve (4) is arranged around the fixed opening (1); The arid desert area greening seedling water conservation system further comprises a humidity testing module, which is arranged in the soil where the greening seedlings are planted, and is used to test soil humidity information; The arid desert area greening seedling water conservation system further comprises a soil moisture status monitoring module, and the soil moisture status monitoring module is used to monitor the soil moisture movement information of the greening seedlings; The arid desert area greening seedling water conservation system also includes a control end, the control end is used to receive soil moisture information and soil moisture movement information, the control end stores a soil moisture threshold and a soil moisture movement threshold range, if the soil moisture information and soil moisture movement information received by the control end exceed the soil moisture threshold and the soil moisture movement threshold range, the control end controls the water valve (4) to start releasing water until the soil moisture information and soil moisture movement information received by the control end do not exceed the soil moisture threshold and the soil moisture movement threshold range.

2. The system for greening seedlings and water conservation in arid desert areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water level monitoring device is also provided in the hollow structure inside the arid desert area greening seedling water conservation system. The water level monitoring device is used to monitor the water volume information in the hollow structure. If it exceeds a preset range, an early warning message is sent through the control end.

3. The system for greening seedlings and water conservation in arid desert areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil moisture status monitoring module is used to monitor the soil moisture movement information of greening seedlings. The soil moisture movement information is described by the following equation: Among them, θ is the soil volume water content, h is the soil matrix potential, z is the vertical coordinate, x is the horizontal coordinate, t is the time, K(h) is the unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity, and S(x,z,h) is the water absorption value of the greening seedling root system; The soil moisture infiltration value θ(h) is: Among them, θ s is the soil saturated moisture content, θ r is the residual moisture content of soil, a is an environmental constant, which is proportional to the soil moisture; The hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soil K(h) is: Among them, K s is the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil, S e is the relative saturation of soil, m is the pore size parameter, n is the pore size distribution parameter, n>1, l is the shape coefficient, which is taken as 0.5; The water absorption value S(x,z,h) of the greening seedling root system is: S(x,z,h)=a(x,z,h)·b(x,z)·T p (t)·L p Among them, a(x,z,h) is the soil moisture response function, whose value range is [0,1], b(x,z) is the root density distribution function, T p (t) is the evaporation rate, L p is the width of the soil surface; The soil moisture response function a(x,z,h) is: Among them, h1 is the soil water potential corresponding to the anaerobic point, h2 is the most suitable soil water potential for root water absorption, h3 is the soil water potential when the root stops absorbing water, and h4 is the soil water potential corresponding to the wilting coefficient; The root density distribution function b(x,z) is: Among them, x m is the maximum rooting length in the horizontal direction, z m is the maximum rooting length in the vertical direction, x and z represent the distance from the origin in the horizontal and vertical directions, P x and P z is the asymmetric geometric empirical coefficient of root spatial distribution; x* and z* represent the maximum water absorption position of the root in the horizontal and vertical directions.

4. The system for greening seedlings and water conservation in arid desert areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humidity testing module includes a humidity sensor, a first signal processing circuit, a second signal processing circuit and a third signal processing circuit, wherein the output end of the humidity sensor is connected to the input end of the first signal processing circuit, the output end of the first signal processing circuit is connected to the input end of the second signal processing circuit, the output end of the second signal processing circuit is connected to the input end of the third signal processing circuit, and the third signal processing circuit transmits the signal to the control end.

5. The system for greening seedlings and water conservation in arid desert areas according to claim 4 is characterized by: The first signal processing circuit includes a capacitor, a resistor and an operational amplifier; wherein the output end of the humidity sensor is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the input end of the second signal processing circuit.

6. The system for greening seedlings and water conservation in arid desert areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second signal processing circuit includes a resistor, a diode, a capacitor and two operational amplifiers; wherein the output end of the first signal processing circuit is connected to one end of the resistor R3, one end of the resistor R3 is also connected to one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the inverting input end of an operational amplifier, the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier is grounded, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the output end of an operational amplifier, one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3, the output end of an operational amplifier is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R5, and the diode D1 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier. The anode of the tube D2 is connected to one end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the inverting input end of another operational amplifier, the non-inverting input end of the other operational amplifier is grounded, one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the inverting input end of another operational amplifier, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of another operational amplifier, the output end of the other operational amplifier is connected to one end of the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to one end of the capacitor C6, the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded, and the output end of the other operational amplifier is connected to the input end of the third signal processing circuit as the output end of the second signal processing circuit.

7. The system for greening seedlings and water conservation in arid desert areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third signal processing circuit includes a resistor, a voltage regulator, a capacitor, a field effect transistor and an operational amplifier; wherein, the output end of the second signal processing circuit is connected to one end of the resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the resistor R12 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the resistor R10 is connected to a capacitor, the other end of the capacitor is grounded, one end of the resistor R10 is also connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator, the anode of the voltage regulator is grounded, one end of the resistor R10 is also connected to one end of the resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the power supply VSS, one end of another capacitor is connected to the power supply VSS, the other end of another capacitor is grounded, one end of the resistor R10 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the capacitor C7 and the resistor R13 connected in parallel is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the capacitor C The other end of the capacitor C7 connected in parallel with the resistor R13 is connected to one end of the capacitor C10, the other end of the capacitor C8 connected in parallel with the resistor R14 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the capacitor C8 connected in parallel with the resistor R14 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C10, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the source of the field effect transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R16 is connected to the other end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected to the power supply VSS, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply VSS, one end of the capacitor C9 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the power supply VSS, one end of the resistor R17 is connected to the source of the field effect transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R17 is connected to the control end as the output end of the third signal processing circuit.

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