Tar residue crushing device and treatment process

Abstract

The invention discloses a tar residue crushing device and a treatment process, and belongs to the technical field of coking, and the tar residue crushing device comprises a pretreatment part for spraying high-temperature water to tar residues and liquefying and decomposing the tar residues to soften the tar residues; the tar residue crusher is used for receiving the tar residues output by the pretreatment part and crushing the tar residues; and the separation part is used for receiving the tar residue output by the tar residue crusher and dividing the tar residue into solid, liquid and gas. By means of the steps, solid, liquid and gas separation can be conducted on the tar residues, waste is turned into wealth, harmless treatment is achieved, and earnings are increased. Finally, self-digestion, zero emission and no pollution of the tar residue can be realized, so that the target of resource recycling of the coking waste is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coking technology, specifically relating to a tar residue crushing device and processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Coking tar residue is an unavoidable byproduct of coking production. It is a viscous, highly adhesive waste residue. Its main components include coke powder, coal dust, tar, and bitumen. Due to its complex composition and certain toxicity, coking tar residue is classified as hazardous waste in the national hazardous waste list and therefore requires strict and harmless treatment.

[0003] Improper handling during the storage, transportation, and processing of tar residue can not only seriously affect the health of employees but also potentially trigger severe environmental accidents, causing irreversible damage to the environment. Therefore, the handling of tar residue must be approached with utmost care.

[0004] However, coal tar residue is not entirely useless. It contains a large amount of fixed carbon and organic components, and has a high calorific value. If these harmful substances can be transformed into beneficial resources, turning harm into benefit and waste into treasure, this would be the best way to treat coal tar residue. Currently, one common method for treating coal tar residue is to blend it into coal. However, because coal tar residue contains a large amount of tar and moisture, and its large size prevents it from being fully mixed with coal, thus affecting the blending effect and making this method less than ideal.

[0005] Another common approach is to entrust the disposal to a qualified environmental protection company for harmless treatment. However, this method incurs high disposal costs, thereby increasing production costs. Therefore, how to reduce disposal costs while ensuring environmental safety has become an urgent problem to be solved in the coking industry.

[0006] Therefore, achieving self-digestion, zero emissions, and zero pollution of tar residue is not only a goal pursued by the coking industry, but also an important contribution to environmental protection and sustainable development. Through technological innovation and optimized processing techniques, coking enterprises are expected to find a win-win path that can both protect the environment and reduce production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a tar residue crushing device and processing technology that can harmlessly treat tar residue, achieving self-digestion, zero emissions, and no pollution.

[0008] The first objective of this invention is to provide a tar residue crushing device, comprising:

[0009] The pretreatment section sprays high-temperature water onto the tar residue to liquefy and decompose it, thereby softening it.

[0010] The tar residue crusher receives the tar residue output from the pretreatment department and crushes it.

[0011] The separation section receives the tar residue output from the tar residue crusher and separates it into solid, liquid and gas.

[0012] Preferably, the pretreatment unit includes a liquefaction tank, on which a tar residue inlet is provided, and a spray pipe is provided inside the liquefaction tank, the spray pipe being connected to a water source via a high-temperature water pipe; and a VOCs outlet pipe after liquefaction is provided at the top of the liquefaction tank.

[0013] Preferably, the tar residue crusher includes a crusher, the crusher inlet of which is connected to the bottom outlet of the liquefaction tank through a liquefaction outlet pipe, a shaft connected to a motor is installed inside the crusher, and a spiral blade and a spiral assembly are installed on the shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the crusher inlet and the liquefied outlet pipes is greater than 1.

[0015] Preferably, the side wall of the crusher is provided with an observation port.

[0016] Preferably, the outlet of the crusher is equipped with a filter screen.

[0017] Preferably, the helical blade is a double helical blade, and the shaft is connected to several three-bladed blades through an intermediate component.

[0018] Preferably, the separation section includes a centrifuge, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the crusher through a crushed outlet pipe, a VOCs outlet pipe after centrifugation is provided at the top of the centrifuge, a tar pipe is provided on the side wall of the centrifuge, and a dry residue outlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the centrifuge.

[0019] A second objective of this invention is to provide a tar residue treatment process, which utilizes the aforementioned tar residue crushing device to complete the following steps:

[0020] S1. Spray high-temperature water onto the tar residue to liquefy and decompose it, thereby softening it.

[0021] S2. Receive the tar residue output from the pretreatment unit and crush the tar residue;

[0022] S3: Receive the tar residue output from the tar residue crusher and classify it into solid, liquid and gas.

[0023] Preferably, the temperature range of the high-temperature water is 70℃~95℃.

[0024] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are:

[0025] The purpose of this invention is to achieve the harmless treatment and resource recycling of tar residue. Firstly, this invention involves spraying high-temperature water onto the tar residue, using the hot water to liquefy and decompose the tar residue, thereby softening it. This process not only effectively softens the tar residue but also makes it easier to proceed with subsequent processing steps.

[0026] Next, the present invention receives the tar residue output from the pretreatment unit and crushes it. The crushing process further refines the tar residue, making it easier to proceed with subsequent separation and processing. The smaller particle size of the crushed tar residue helps improve the efficiency and effectiveness of subsequent separation processes.

[0027] Finally, the present invention receives the output from the tar residue crusher and divides it into three parts: solid, liquid, and gas. This separation method effectively recovers and reuses the useful components of the tar residue while properly treating the useless or harmful parts, thereby achieving the harmless treatment and resource recycling of the tar residue.

[0028] This invention, through the aforementioned steps, enables solid-liquid-gas separation of tar residue, transforming waste into valuable resources, achieving harmless treatment, and increasing profitability. Ultimately, this invention achieves self-digestion of tar residue with zero emissions and no pollution, thus realizing the goal of resource recycling of coking waste. This method not only reduces environmental pollution but also improves resource utilization, resulting in significant economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The components are as follows: 1. Tar residue inlet; 2. High-temperature water pipeline; 3. VOCs outlet pipeline after liquefaction; 4. Spray pipe; 5. Liquefaction tank; 6. Outlet pipeline after liquefaction; 7. Motor; 8. Crusher inlet; 9. Observation port; 10. Spiral blade; 11. Shaft; 12. Three-blade blade; 13. Crusher; 14. Spiral assembly; 15. Filter screen; 16. Outlet pipeline after crushing; 17. VOCs outlet pipeline after centrifugation; 18. Centrifuge; 19. Tar pipeline; 20. Dry residue outlet pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objectives, design principles, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0033] A tar residue crushing device mainly consists of three parts: a pretreatment section, a tar residue crusher 13, and a separation section. The main function of the pretreatment section is to liquefy and decompose the tar residue by spraying it with high-temperature water, thereby achieving a softening effect. The pretreatment section mainly includes a liquefaction tank 5, which is equipped with a tar residue inlet 1 to allow the tar residue to enter the liquefaction tank. Inside the liquefaction tank, one or more spray pipes 4 are installed, which are connected to a water source via high-temperature water pipes 2 to ensure that high-temperature water can be sprayed from the spray pipes. In addition, a VOCs outlet pipe 3 is installed at the top of the liquefaction tank to discharge volatile organic compounds generated during the liquefaction process.

[0034] The main function of the tar residue crusher is to receive the tar residue output from the pretreatment department and crush it. The tar residue crusher includes a crusher, with the crusher inlet 8 connected to the bottom outlet of the liquefaction tank via a post-liquefaction outlet pipe 6, ensuring the crusher can receive the liquefied tar residue. Inside the crusher is a shaft 11 connected to a motor 7, on which spiral blades 10 and a spiral assembly 14 are mounted. The number of inlet and post-liquefaction outlet pipes is greater than one to process more tar residue. An observation port 9 is provided on the side wall of the crusher for operators to observe the internal workings. A filter screen 15 is installed at the crusher outlet to filter the crushed tar residue. The spiral blades are double spiral blades, and the shaft is connected to several three-bladed blades 12 via an intermediate component to improve the crushing effect.

[0035] The main function of the separation unit is to receive the tar residue output from the tar residue crusher and separate it into solids, liquids, and gases. The separation unit includes a centrifuge 18, whose inlet is connected to the crusher outlet via a post-crushing outlet pipe 16, ensuring the centrifuge can receive the crushed tar residue. A post-centrifugation VOCs outlet pipe 17 is located at the top of the centrifuge for discharging volatile organic compounds generated during centrifugation. A tar pipe 19 is located on the side wall of the centrifuge for discharging tar generated during centrifugation. A dry residue outlet pipe 20 is located at the bottom of the centrifuge for discharging dry residue generated during centrifugation. This separation method effectively separates the tar residue into solids, liquids, and gases, facilitating subsequent processing and utilization.

[0036] The above embodiments mainly include key processing equipment such as liquefaction tanks, crushers, and centrifuges, as well as related facilities for treating exhaust gas and dry residue generated during liquefaction and centrifugation. The crusher is mainly driven by a motor and equipped with key components such as spiral blades, three-blade blades, and spiral assemblies, making it particularly suitable for mixing processes in a closed environment. This type of crusher is especially suitable for processing materials that are easily unstable in air or under high-temperature conditions.

[0037] To achieve more efficient crushing and separation, the tar residue first requires pretreatment. The tar residue is fed into a liquefaction tank, where high-temperature water pipes and spray nozzles are installed at the top. These spray nozzles ensure that high-temperature water is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the residue, guaranteeing thorough mixing and soaking, thereby softening larger tar residue lumps. After a period of liquefaction, the tar residue becomes sufficiently softened and is then transferred from the liquefaction tank's outlet pipe to a crusher for further processing.

[0038] During the liquefaction process, a certain amount of volatile exhaust gas is generated. To handle this exhaust gas, an exhaust gas outlet is installed at the top of the device, and the gas is discharged into a VOCs exhaust gas collection pipeline through a pipe for centralized and unified treatment of the waste gas.

[0039] The tar residue crusher mainly consists of a motor, spiral blades, three-blade blades, and spiral assembly. Its lower part adopts a conical structure, resulting in a smaller gap between the spiral blades and the inner cylinder of the crusher, thus improving crushing efficiency. All parts of the inner cylinder have rounded transitions and smooth surfaces, facilitating cleaning and preventing material adhesion to the inner wall. The conical structure ensures no residue during discharge. The spiral blades have a plate-like structure, possessing strong mixing and shearing forces, capable of handling the crushing needs of some viscous materials. The crusher can also be equipped with a hot and cold jacket and a liquid spraying device. By adding a jacket to the outside of the cylinder and injecting hot or cold media into the jacket, cooling or heating of the material can be achieved. In summer when temperatures are high, industrial water can be pumped in to cool the cylinder; in winter when temperatures are low, steam can be introduced to heat the cylinder. An observation port is located on the upper right side of the cylinder, allowing operators to easily observe the crushing process inside the cylinder. The double spiral blades and multiple sets of three-blade blades together form a crushing combination, ensuring no dead zones in mixing, crushing, and blending, resulting in high crushing uniformity. This type of crusher has significant advantages: it is highly adaptable and will not overheat when used with heat-sensitive materials.

[0040] To ensure effective crushing and prevent coke from accumulating at the bottom of the cylinder, which would negatively impact crushing efficiency, a spiral assembly is installed on the central shaft of the cylinder. The continuous upward rotation of this central spiral assembly propels the slag below the crusher upwards, creating an axial flow circulation within the crusher. This causes the slag in the peripheral areas to flow downwards while the slag in the center flows upwards.

[0041] Utilizing double-helix crushing blades and multiple sets of three-bladed blades, intense convection, shearing, and diffusion are continuously circulated, resulting in a comprehensive and highly efficient crushing effect. The revolution of the double helix causes the slag to move radially along the cylinder wall, discharging it into the cone. Slag at the bottom is lifted upwards from the cone by the rotating helical assembly and discharged onto the outer surface of the helix, undergoing various forms of mixed crushing from bottom to top. After being crushed and refined, the tar slag, filtered through a screen, enters a dedicated centrifuge through an outlet pipe.

[0042] After being crushed into small slag pieces, solid, liquid, and gas separation is performed using a specialized centrifuge. The separated tar is transported through pipelines to finished product tanks for storage and sale as finished tar; the separated dry slag is piped to a coal blending unit for use in coal blending and coking; the volatile exhaust gases generated during the separation process are piped into a VOCs exhaust gas collection pipeline for centralized and unified waste gas treatment. These measures effectively solve the problem of difficult tar residue treatment and simultaneously address environmental pollution issues, achieving thorough separation of tar, dry slag, and exhaust gases.

[0043] To avoid environmental pollution, all the above devices and pipelines must be in a closed system to ensure that the entire treatment process will not have any impact on the environment.

[0044] A tar residue treatment process, utilizing the aforementioned tar residue crushing device, completes the following steps:

[0045] S1. Spray high-temperature water onto the tar residue to liquefy and decompose it, thereby softening it; the temperature range of the high-temperature water is 70℃~95℃.

[0046] S2. Receive the tar residue output from the pretreatment unit and crush the tar residue;

[0047] S3: Receive the tar residue output from the tar residue crusher and classify it into solid, liquid and gas.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tar residue crushing device, characterized in that: include: In the pretreatment section, high-temperature water is sprayed on the tar residue to liquefy and decompose the tar residue to soften it; The tar residue crusher receives the tar residue outputted from the pretreatment unit and crushes the tar residue; The separation section receives the tar residue output from the tar residue crusher and separates it into solid, liquid and gas.

2. The tar residue crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment section comprises a liquefaction tank (5), a tar residue inlet (1) is provided on the liquefaction tank (5), a spray pipe (4) is provided in the liquefaction tank (5), and the spray pipe (4) is connected to a water source through a high-temperature water pipe (2); and a liquefied VOCs outlet pipe (3) is provided on the top of the liquefaction tank (5).

3. The tar residue crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tar residue crusher comprises a crusher (13), a crusher inlet (8) of the crusher (13) being connected to the bottom outlet of a liquefaction tank (5) via a liquefied outlet pipe (6), a shaft (11) connected to a motor being installed in the crusher (13), and a spiral blade (10) and a spiral group (14) being installed on the shaft (11).

4. The tar residue crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the crusher inlet (8) and the post-liquefaction outlet pipeline (6) is greater than one.

5. The tar residue crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side wall of the crusher (13) is provided with an observation port (9).

6. The tar residue crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outlet of the crusher (13) is provided with a filter screen (15).

7. The tar residue crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spiral blade (10) is a double spiral blade, and the shaft (11) is connected to a plurality of three-leaf blades (12) via an intermediate piece.

8. The tar residue crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separation section comprises a centrifuge (18), the inlet of the centrifuge (18) is connected to the outlet of the crusher (13) through a post-crushing outlet pipe (16), a post-centrifugation VOCs outlet pipe (17) is arranged on the top of the centrifuge (18), a tar pipe (19) is arranged on the side wall of the centrifuge (18), and a dry residue outlet pipe (20) is arranged at the bottom of the centrifuge (18).

9. A tar residue treatment process, characterized in that: The tar residue crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to complete the following steps: S1. Spray high temperature water onto the tar residue to liquefy and decompose the tar residue to soften it; S2, receiving the tar residue output by the pretreatment unit and crushing the tar residue; S3, receiving the tar residue output by the tar residue crusher, and dividing it into solid, liquid and gas.

10. The tar residue treatment process according to claim 9, characterized in that: The temperature of the high temperature water is in the range of 70°C to 95°C.

Images