Photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of surveying and mapping devices, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle and a using method thereof.The photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a surveying and mapping assembly, a driving assembly and a parachute assembly; the surveying and mapping assembly comprises a shell and a surveying and mapping device body, and the shell is mounted at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle through a connecting assembly; the connecting assembly comprises a fixed block, inserting grooves are symmetrically formed in the two side walls of a sunken groove in the bottom of the fixed block, L-shaped connecting plates are symmetrically installed in an opening in the top of the shell, inserting blocks are arranged on the side walls of the vertical sections of the connecting plates, and movable plates are fixed to the ends of the horizontal sections of the connecting plates. A second spring is fixed between the movable plate and the inner wall of the shell. By arranging the parachute assembly, the detection assembly can stably land when the unmanned aerial vehicle body is out of control so as to protect data, and in addition, the surveying and mapping device body is prevented from being in direct contact with broken stones or convex blocks on the ground through the movable plate when falling to the ground so as to protect the surveying and mapping device body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of surveying and mapping devices, and specifically is a photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In photovoltaic engineering, with the rapid development of the solar energy industry, more and more photovoltaic projects rely on efficient and accurate surveying and mapping technology for planning, construction and acceptance. The accuracy of photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping directly affects the construction quality and efficiency of the later operation of the project, and the introduction of drone technology provides a more efficient and flexible solution for this field. Drones equipped with high-precision surveying and mapping devices (such as lidar, high-definition cameras, multi-spectral sensors, etc.) cruise at high altitudes, which can not only improve the efficiency and accuracy of surveying and mapping operations, but also cover a wide area, which is especially suitable for large-scale photovoltaic power station projects.

[0003] A patent application CN117818928B discloses a drone for surveying and mapping. The key points of its technical solution are: it includes a drone body and a surveying and mapping device. The surveying and mapping device is detachably connected to the drone body. The bottom of the drone body is provided with a mounting sleeve, and the top of the surveying and mapping device is connected to a column. A clamping groove is formed on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve. A clamping block is slidably installed on the side wall of the connecting column. A driving mechanism is installed in the connecting column. The top of the connecting column is also formed with a receiving cavity for installing a parachute, and a cover plate is installed in the receiving cavity. The bottom of the drone body is also formed with a convex column. The end of the convex column is connected to an electromagnet, which can be adsorbed with the cover plate when powered on. The top of the parachute is connected to the bottom of the cover plate by Velcro. This technology makes the drone body and the surveying and mapping device body detachable. When the drone loses control, the surveying and mapping device is separated from the drone body and slowly lands under the action of the parachute to prevent the surveying and mapping device from crashing and causing the loss of internal surveying and mapping data.

[0004] However, the above technology often has the following defects: although the above device uses a parachute to slowly land the surveying and mapping device to prevent the surveying and mapping device from crashing, the surveying and mapping device lacks effective protection for the bottom when landing, and may directly contact obstacles such as ground gravel and bumps, causing damage to the surveying and mapping device. To this end, the present invention provides a photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping drone and a method for using the same. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV described in the present invention comprises a UAV body, a surveying and mapping component, a driving component and a parachute component;

[0007] The surveying and mapping assembly comprises a housing and a surveying and mapping device body, wherein the surveying and mapping device body is installed inside the housing, and the housing is installed at the bottom of the drone through a connecting assembly;

[0008] The connecting assembly comprises a fixed block, and slots are symmetrically provided on both side walls of the inner recessed groove at the bottom of the fixed block, and an L-shaped connecting plate is symmetrically installed in the top opening of the shell, and a plug block is provided on the side wall of the vertical section of the connecting plate, and a movable plate is fixed to the end of the horizontal section of the connecting plate, and a second spring is fixed between the movable plate and the inner wall of the shell; the movable plate is set in an L shape, the vertical section of the movable plate is connected to the connecting plate, and the horizontal section of the movable plate extends toward the middle of the shell;

[0009] The driving assembly is arranged inside the housing, and the connecting assembly is driven by the driving assembly to move so as to connect or separate the mapping assembly from the drone body. The driving assembly includes a cylinder, and an extrusion block is fixed at the end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder, and the extrusion block is used to control the two connecting plates on both sides to move closer or farther.

[0010] The parachute assembly is arranged on the top of the shell, and when the shell is separated from the drone body, the parachute assembly can be automatically opened to allow the surveying and mapping assembly to descend smoothly.

[0011] Preferably, fixed plates are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the shell, the horizontal sections of the connecting plates on both sides are sealed and slidably penetrate the sliding grooves opened on the fixed plates, boxes are fixed on the opposite side walls of the fixed plates on both sides, partitions are fixed in the middle of the boxes on both sides, the surveying and mapping device body is installed under the partition, and the cylinder is fixed on the top of the partition.

[0012] Preferably, the parachute assembly includes a storage box, a support plate is sealed and slidably installed inside the storage box, a parachute body is arranged on the top of the support plate, the parachute rope of the parachute body is fixedly connected to the side wall of the storage box, the horizontal section of the movable plate is fitted with the bottom end of the fixed plate, the side of the movable plate is fitted with the inner wall of the shell, the movable plate, the shell and the fixed plate form a closed cavity, and the top of the cavity is provided with a through groove connected to the bottom of the storage box.

[0013] Preferably, a telescopic sleeve is fixed between the vertical section of the movable plate and the side wall of the shell, the telescopic sleeve cover is arranged on the outside of the spring, and a ventilation component is provided in the middle of the side wall of the shell, and the air is controlled to enter or discharge from the inner cavity of the telescopic sleeve through the ventilation component.

[0014] Preferably, the ventilation assembly includes a movable block, an air hole is opened on the side wall of the shell, the movable block is adapted to the air hole, a support frame is fixed on the shell and located outside the air hole, a sliding rod is fixed on the support frame, the sliding rod horizontally passes through the air hole, a sliding hole is opened in the center of the movable block, the movable block is slidably mounted on the sliding rod, and a spring four is fixed between the support frame and the movable block.

[0015] Preferably, a groove is provided on the top of the extrusion block, and a spring 1 is installed in the groove.

[0016] Preferably, the side of the movable block is in contact with the inner wall of the air hole, and a sealing ring is engaged in the side groove of the movable block.

[0017] Preferably, a receiving cavity is provided on the connecting plate, the insert block is slidably arranged inside the receiving cavity, and a spring three for returning the insert block to its original position is fixed inside the receiving cavity.

[0018] Preferably, tin foil is fixed on the top of the storage box.

[0019] A method for using a photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping drone, which is applicable to the above-mentioned photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping drone, comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. The surveying and mapping component is installed under the drone body through the connection component. The drone body carries the surveying and mapping component and flies over the predetermined surveying and mapping area. The detection component is used to collect and process data.

[0021] S2. When the drone body is out of control, the cylinder drives the extrusion block to drop rapidly, and then the spring 2 pushes the movable plates and the connecting plates on both sides to move toward the middle. The connecting plates drive the plug-in blocks to disengage from the slots, so that the mapping assembly is separated from the drone body.

[0022] S3, the movable plates on both sides move and squeeze the air inside the cavity into the storage box at the same time, and the airflow pushes the support plate and the parachute body out of the storage box, so that the parachute body unfolds, and then the mapping assembly descends smoothly;

[0023] S4. The ends of the horizontal sections of the movable plates on both sides abut against each other to seal the bottom of the surveying and mapping device body to protect the surveying and mapping device body;

[0024] S5. The movement of the movable plates on both sides pulls the telescopic sleeve to move at the same time, and the telescopic sleeve is inflated through the ventilation component to expand the telescopic sleeve. When the detection component accidentally falls into the water, the buoyancy is increased by the telescopic sleeve to prevent the equipment from sinking into the water and causing damage to the equipment.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. A photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV and a method of using the same described in the present invention, when the UAV body is out of control, the movable plates and the connecting plates on both sides are pushed toward the middle by spring 2, and the connecting plates drive the plug-in blocks to disengage from the slots, so that the surveying and mapping component is separated from the UAV body, and the parachute assembly is automatically opened at this time, so that the surveying and mapping component descends smoothly, preventing the surveying and mapping component from crashing and causing the loss of internal surveying and mapping data; in addition, the ends of the horizontal sections of the movable plates on both sides abut against each other to close the bottom of the surveying and mapping device body, so that when the surveying and mapping component lands on the ground, the surveying and mapping device body is prevented from directly contacting the gravel or bumps on the ground, so as to protect the surveying and mapping device body and avoid damage caused by collision when the surveying and mapping device body lands.

[0027] 2. The photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV and the method of using the same described in the present invention have the following advantages: the movement of the movable plates on both sides simultaneously pulls the telescopic sleeve to move, and the telescopic sleeve is inflated through the ventilation component to expand the telescopic sleeve. When the detection component accidentally falls into the water, the buoyancy is increased by the telescopic sleeve to prevent the equipment from sinking into the water and causing damage to the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection component in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. UAV body; 2. Shell; 3. Fixed block; 4. Spring 1; 5. Fixed plate; 6. Box; 7. Surveying and mapping device body; 8. Cylinder; 9. Extrusion block; 10. Movable plate; 11. Spring 2; 12. Partition; 13. Connecting plate; 14. Telescopic sleeve; 15. Support frame; 16. Slot; 17. Insert block; 18. Accommodating cavity; 19. Spring 3; 20. Through slot; 21. Storage box; 22. Support plate; 23. Parachute body; 24. Tin foil; 25. Slide rod; 26. Spring 4; 27. Movable block; 28. Air hole; 29. ​​Sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0038] Embodiment 1: Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a UAV body 1, a surveying and mapping component, a driving component and a parachute component;

[0039] The surveying and mapping assembly comprises a housing 2 and a surveying and mapping device body 7, wherein the surveying and mapping device body 7 is installed inside the housing 2, and the housing 2 is installed at the bottom of the drone through a connecting assembly;

[0040] The connecting assembly includes a fixed block 3, and slots 16 are symmetrically provided on both side walls of the inner recessed groove at the bottom of the fixed block 3. An L-shaped connecting plate 13 is symmetrically installed in the top opening of the shell 2, and a plug block 17 is provided on the side wall of the vertical section of the connecting plate 13. A movable plate 10 is fixed to the end of the horizontal section of the connecting plate 13, and a spring 11 is fixed between the movable plate 10 and the inner wall of the shell 2; the movable plate 10 is set to be L-shaped, and the vertical section of the movable plate 10 is connected to the connecting plate 13, and the horizontal section of the movable plate 10 extends toward the middle of the shell 2;

[0041] The driving assembly is arranged inside the housing 2, and the connecting assembly is driven by the driving assembly to move, so that the mapping assembly is connected to or separated from the drone body 1. The driving assembly includes a cylinder 8, and an extrusion block 9 is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder 8, and the extrusion block 9 controls the two side connecting plates 13 to move closer or farther;

[0042] The parachute assembly is arranged on the top of the housing 2. When the housing 2 is separated from the drone body 1, the parachute assembly can be automatically opened to allow the surveying and mapping assembly to descend smoothly.

[0043] During operation, the surveying and mapping component is installed below the drone body 1 through the connecting component. The drone body 1 carries the surveying and mapping component and flies over the predetermined surveying and mapping area. Data is collected through the surveying and mapping device body 7, and the collected data is stored in the storage unit. When the drone body 1 is out of control due to the influence of airflow and its own uneven power at high altitude, the extrusion block 9 is driven to drop rapidly through the cylinder 8, and then the movable plates 10 and the connecting plates 13 on both sides are pushed to move toward the middle through the spring 2 11. The connecting plate 13 drives the plug 17 to disengage from the slot 16 to separate the surveying and mapping component from the drone body 1. At this time, the parachute component automatically opens, and then the surveying and mapping component is gently dropped to prevent the surveying and mapping component from crashing and causing the loss of internal surveying and mapping data. In addition, the ends of the horizontal sections of the movable plates 10 on both sides abut against each other to close the bottom of the surveying and mapping device body 7. In this way, when the surveying and mapping component lands on the ground, the surveying and mapping device body 7 is prevented from directly contacting the gravel or bumps on the ground, so as to protect the surveying and mapping device body 7 and avoid damage caused by collision when the surveying and mapping device body 7 lands.

[0044] The housing 2 has fixed plates 5 symmetrically fixed on both sides, the horizontal sections of the connecting plates 13 on both sides respectively seal and slide through the slide grooves provided on the fixed plates 5, boxes 6 are fixed on the opposite side walls of the fixed plates 5 on both sides, partitions 12 are fixed in the middle of the boxes 6 on both sides, the surveying and mapping device body 7 is installed under the partition 12, and the cylinder 8 is fixed on the top of the partition 12;

[0045] When working, the connecting plate 13 is slidably arranged in the slide groove, so that the movable plate 10 is stably reciprocated inside the housing 2. By setting the partition 12, the surveying and mapping device body 7 is stably installed inside the housing 2. The surveying and mapping device body 7 can be a laser radar scanning, a high-definition camera shooting, an infrared thermal imager scanning and other equipment, which can obtain the three-dimensional data, installation status and heat distribution status of the photovoltaic power station;

[0046] In addition, a battery is installed inside the box 6 to provide power to the surveying and mapping device body 7, and the box 6 also includes a storage device, a control unit, a data transmission unit, a balance sensor and other structures. The collected data is saved in real time through the storage unit. The data transmission unit is an existing remote communication technology. The collected data is transmitted to the background processing device through the data transmission unit. The background processing device analyzes and processes the data to quickly obtain the required data, which solves the problems of low efficiency, poor accuracy, and large manual operation errors in traditional manual surveying and mapping methods. In addition, the data is processed, compared and analyzed through automated algorithms. Analysis can calculate important engineering quantity data such as the installation area, number of photovoltaic panels, and line length of the photovoltaic power station, and automatically compare them with the design drawings to achieve accurate engineering quantity verification, so as to quickly and accurately complete the engineering quantity verification and data collection, and improve work efficiency. For example, for the area where the components have been installed, the photos collected by drone measurement photography are imported into the PIX4D software, and special color processing is performed on the unconstructable area. The design layout diagram and the measurement photography graphics are superimposed in the Aowei digital map, and then the difference between the on-site installation situation and the design drawings is quickly compared, so as to verify the completed engineering quantity;

[0047] In addition, by setting up a balance sensor to monitor the flight posture of the device, when the balance sensor detects that the surveying and mapping component and the drone body 1 are shaking significantly and the drone loses control and begins to fall, the control unit transmits a signal to the air pump, and the air pump controls the movement of the extrusion block 9 to separate the detection component and the drone body 1, so that the surveying and mapping component can be detached separately and then can be lowered smoothly to save data.

[0048] The parachute assembly includes a storage box 21, a support plate 22 is sealed and slidably installed inside the storage box 21, a parachute body 23 is arranged on the top of the support plate 22, the parachute rope of the parachute body 23 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the storage box 21, the horizontal section of the movable plate 10 is in contact with the bottom end of the fixed plate 5, the side of the movable plate 10 is in contact with the inner wall of the shell 2, the movable plate 10, the shell 2 and the fixed plate 5 form a closed cavity, and the top of the cavity is provided with a through groove 20 connected to the bottom of the storage box 21; when working, when the movable plates 10 on both sides move toward the middle, the air inside the cavity can be squeezed into the storage box 21 at the same time, and the airflow pushes the support plate and the parachute body 23 out of the storage box 21, so that the parachute body 23 is unfolded, and then the surveying and mapping component descends smoothly, avoiding the detection component from falling directly to the ground, damaging the internal equipment, and causing data damage.

[0049] A telescopic sleeve 14 is fixed between the vertical section of the movable plate 10 and the side wall of the shell 2. The telescopic sleeve 14 cover is arranged on the outside of the spring 4. A ventilation component is provided in the middle of the side wall of the shell 2, and the air is controlled to enter or discharge from the inner cavity of the telescopic sleeve 14 through the ventilation component. During operation, there may be puddles or other water-containing places inside the surveying and mapping area. In this way, the movement of the movable plates 10 on both sides simultaneously pulls the telescopic sleeve 14 to move, and the telescopic sleeve 14 is inflated through the ventilation component to expand the telescopic sleeve 14. When the detection component accidentally falls into the water, the buoyancy is increased by the telescopic sleeve 14 to prevent the equipment from sinking into the water and causing damage to the equipment.

[0050] The ventilation assembly includes a movable block 27, an air hole 28 is opened on the side wall of the shell 2, and the movable block 27 is adapted to the air hole 28. A support frame 15 is fixed on the shell 2 and located outside the air hole 28. A slide bar 25 is fixed on the support frame 15. The slide bar 25 horizontally penetrates the air hole 28. A slide hole is opened in the center of the movable block 27. The movable block 27 is slidably sleeved on the slide bar 25. A spring 26 is fixed between the support frame 15 and the movable block 27. When working, when the movable plate 10 moves to During the intermediate movement, negative pressure can be generated inside the telescopic sleeve 14, thereby attracting the movable block 27 to move along the slide rod 25 toward the inside of the shell 2. At this time, the air hole 28 is opened, and air can be inflated into the telescopic sleeve 14. When the movable plate 10 stops moving, under the rebound action of the spring 14, the movable block 27 is pulled to reset, and the air hole 28 is blocked again to prevent the air inside the telescopic sleeve 14 from leaking out. At this time, the telescopic sleeve 14 becomes an inflated air bag to provide buoyancy for the detection component to prevent the device from sinking directly into the water and causing damage to the device.

[0051] A groove is provided on the top of the extrusion block 9, in which a spring 4 is installed. During operation, when the detection component is installed at the bottom of the drone body 1 through the connecting component, the spring 4 is compressed. When the connection between the connecting component and the drone body 1 is removed, the spring 4 is released, and the detection component is ejected to quickly separate it from the drone body 1, thereby preventing the parachute body 23 from being blocked by the drone body 1 when opening, so that the parachute body 23 can be opened smoothly.

[0052] The side of the movable block 27 is fitted with the inner wall of the air hole 28, and a sealing ring 29 is engaged in the side groove of the movable block 27; when working, the sealing ring 29 is provided to increase the air tightness between the movable block 27 and the inner wall of the air hole 28 to avoid air leakage.

[0053] The connecting plate 13 is provided with a receiving cavity 18, and the plug block 17 is slidably arranged inside the receiving cavity 18, and a spring three 19 is fixed inside the receiving cavity 18 to reset the plug block 17; during operation, before the detection component is installed at the bottom of the drone body 1, the control cylinder 8 pushes the extrusion block 9 to move upward, thereby causing the connecting plate 13 to move a certain distance to both sides, so that the vertical section of the connecting plate 13 is adapted to the sunken groove at the bottom of the fixed block 3, and the spring one 4 is first placed in the groove at the top of the extrusion block 9, and then the vertical section of the connecting plate 13 is directly inserted into the sunken groove, at this time, the top of the spring one 4 can contact the inner wall of the top of the sunken groove and be continuously compressed, and at the same time, the plug block 17 is squeezed to slide toward the inside of the receiving cavity 18, and the spring three 19 is compressed. When the plug block 17 is aligned with the slot 16, the spring three 19 rebounds and pushes the plug block 17 to insert into the slot 16, thereby fixing the connecting plate 13 in the sunken groove, so that the detection component can be quickly installed at the bottom of the drone body 1.

[0054] Embodiment 2: Figure 4 As shown, compared with Example 1, another implementation of the present invention is: a tin foil 24 is fixed to the top of the storage box 21; when working, in order to restrict the parachute body 23 in the storage box 21, the tin foil 24 is very thin and easy to be broken through, and will not block the release of the parachute body 23. In addition, during the transportation and detection of the assembly, the parachute body 23 is restricted by the tin foil 24 to prevent the parachute body 23 from leaking out of the storage box 21.

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, a method for using a photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping drone is applicable to the above-mentioned photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping drone, and includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. The surveying and mapping component is installed below the drone body 1 through the connecting component. The drone body 1 carries the surveying and mapping component and flies over a predetermined surveying and mapping area. The detection component is used to collect and process data.

[0057] S2. When the drone body 1 is out of control, the cylinder 8 drives the squeezing block 9 to drop rapidly, and then the spring 11 pushes the movable plates 10 and the connecting plate 13 on both sides to move toward the middle, and the connecting plate 13 drives the plug 17 to disengage from the slot 16, so that the mapping assembly is separated from the drone body 1;

[0058] S3, the movable plates 10 on both sides move and squeeze the air inside the cavity into the storage box 21, and the airflow pushes the support plate and the parachute body 23 out of the storage box 21, so that the parachute body 23 is unfolded, and then the mapping assembly descends smoothly;

[0059] S4, the ends of the horizontal sections of the movable plates 10 on both sides abut against each other, closing the bottom of the surveying and mapping device body 7 to protect the surveying and mapping device body 7;

[0060] S5. The movable plates 10 on both sides move and pull the telescopic sleeve 14 to move at the same time. Air is inflated into the telescopic sleeve 14 through the ventilation component, so that the telescopic sleeve 14 expands. When the detection component accidentally falls into the water, the buoyancy is increased by the telescopic sleeve 14 to prevent the equipment from sinking into the water and causing damage to the equipment.

[0061] Working principle: The surveying and mapping component is installed under the drone body 1 through the connecting component. The drone body 1 carries the surveying and mapping component and flies over the predetermined surveying and mapping area. Data is collected through the surveying and mapping device body 7, and the collected data is stored in the storage unit. When the drone body 1 is affected by the airflow and the uneven power of itself at high altitude and loses control, the cylinder 8 drives the extrusion block 9 to drop rapidly, and then the spring 11 pushes the movable plate 10 and the connecting plate 13 on both sides to move toward the middle. The connecting plate 13 drives the plug 17 to disengage from the slot 16 to separate the surveying and mapping component from the drone body 1. At this time, the parachute component automatically opens, thereby making the surveying and mapping component level. The movable plates 10 on both sides of the vehicle body 7 are arranged to descend slowly to prevent the surveying and mapping component from crashing and causing loss of internal surveying and mapping data. In addition, the ends of the horizontal sections of the movable plates 10 on both sides abut against each other to close the bottom of the surveying and mapping device body 7. In this way, when the surveying and mapping component lands on the ground, the surveying and mapping device body 7 is prevented from directly contacting with gravel or bumps on the ground, so as to protect the surveying and mapping device body 7 and prevent the surveying and mapping device body 7 from being damaged by collision when it falls to the ground. In addition, the movable plates 10 on both sides move and pull the telescopic sleeve 14 to move at the same time, and inflate the telescopic sleeve 14 through the ventilation component to expand the telescopic sleeve 14. When the detection component accidentally falls into the water, the buoyancy is increased by the telescopic sleeve 14 to prevent the equipment from sinking into the water and causing damage to the equipment.

[0062] The above-mentioned front, back, left, right, top and bottom are all based on the figures in the specification. Figure 1 As a benchmark, according to the person's observation perspective, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping drone, characterized by: It comprises a drone body (1), a surveying and mapping component, a driving component and a parachute component; The surveying and mapping component comprises a housing (2) and a surveying and mapping device body (7), wherein the surveying and mapping device body (7) is installed inside the housing (2), and the housing (2) is installed at the bottom of the drone via a connecting component; The connecting assembly comprises a fixed block (3), and slots (16) are symmetrically provided on both side walls of the inner recessed groove at the bottom of the fixed block (3); an L-shaped connecting plate (13) is symmetrically installed in the top opening of the shell (2); a plug block (17) is provided on the side wall of the vertical section of the connecting plate (13); a movable plate (10) is fixed to the end of the horizontal section of the connecting plate (13); a spring (11) is fixed between the movable plate (10) and the inner wall of the shell (2); the movable plate (10) is arranged in an L shape, the vertical section of the movable plate (10) is connected to the connecting plate (13), and the horizontal section of the movable plate (10) extends toward the middle of the shell (2); The driving component is arranged inside the housing (2), and the connecting component is driven to move by the driving component so as to connect or separate the mapping component from the drone body (1). The driving component comprises a cylinder (8), and an extrusion block (9) is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder (8). The extrusion block (9) controls the two side connecting plates (13) to move closer or farther from each other; The parachute assembly is arranged on the top of the shell (2); when the shell (2) is separated from the drone body (1), the parachute assembly can be automatically opened to allow the surveying and mapping assembly to descend smoothly.

2. A photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fixed plates (5) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the shell (2), and the horizontal sections of the connecting plates (13) on both sides are respectively sealed and slidable through the sliding grooves provided on the fixed plates (5). Box bodies (6) are fixed on the opposite side walls of the fixed plates (5) on both sides, and partitions (12) are fixed in the middle of the boxes (6) on both sides. The surveying and mapping device body (7) is installed below the partition (12), and the cylinder (8) is fixed on the top of the partition (12).

3. A photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parachute assembly comprises a storage box (21), a support plate (22) is sealed and slidably installed inside the storage box (21), a parachute body (23) is arranged on the top of the support plate (22), the parachute rope of the parachute body (23) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the storage box (21), the horizontal section of the movable plate (10) is in contact with the bottom end of the fixed plate (5), the side of the movable plate (10) is in contact with the inner wall of the shell (2), the movable plate (10), the shell (2) and the fixed plate (5) form a closed cavity, and a through groove (20) communicating with the bottom of the storage box (21) is opened on the top of the cavity.

4. A photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 3, characterized in that: A telescopic sleeve (14) is fixed between the vertical section of the movable plate (10) and the side wall of the shell (2); the telescopic sleeve (14) is arranged on the outside of the spring (4); a ventilation component is provided in the middle of the side wall of the shell (2); and air is controlled to enter or be discharged from the inner cavity of the telescopic sleeve (14) through the ventilation component.

5. A photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ventilation assembly comprises a movable block (27), an air hole (28) is provided on the side wall of the shell (2), the movable block (27) is adapted to the air hole (28), a support frame (15) is fixed on the shell (2) and located outside the air hole (28), a sliding rod (25) is fixed on the support frame (15), the sliding rod (25) horizontally penetrates the air hole (28), a sliding hole is provided at the center of the movable block (27), the movable block (27) is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod (25), and a spring four (26) is fixed between the support frame (15) and the movable block (27).

6. A photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the extrusion block (9) is provided with a groove, in which a spring (4) is installed.

7. A photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side of the movable block (27) is in contact with the inner wall of the air hole (28), and a sealing ring (29) is provided in the side groove of the movable block (27).

8. A photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting plate (13) is provided with a receiving cavity (18), the inserting block (17) is slidably arranged inside the receiving cavity (18), and a spring (19) is fixed inside the receiving cavity (18) for returning the inserting block (17) to its original position.

9. A photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 8, characterized in that: A tin foil (24) is fixed on the top of the storage box (21).

10. A method for using a photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping drone, the method being applicable to a photovoltaic engineering surveying and mapping drone according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The surveying and mapping component is installed below the drone body (1) through the connection component. The drone body (1) carries the surveying and mapping component and flies over a predetermined surveying and mapping area, and collects and processes data through the detection component. S2. When the drone body (1) is out of control, the cylinder (8) drives the squeezing block (9) to descend rapidly, and then the spring 2 (11) pushes the movable plates (10) and the connecting plate (13) on both sides to move toward the middle, and the connecting plate (13) drives the plug block (17) to disengage from the slot (16), so that the mapping component is separated from the drone body (1); S3, the movable plates (10) on both sides move and squeeze the air inside the cavity into the storage box (21), and the airflow pushes the support plate and the parachute body (23) out of the storage box (21), so that the parachute body (23) unfolds, thereby causing the surveying and mapping assembly to descend smoothly; S4, the ends of the horizontal sections of the movable plates (10) on both sides abut against each other, closing the bottom of the surveying and mapping device body (7) to protect the surveying and mapping device body (7); S5. The movable plates (10) on both sides move and pull the telescopic sleeve (14) to move at the same time. Air is inflated into the telescopic sleeve (14) through the ventilation assembly, so that the telescopic sleeve (14) expands. When the detection assembly accidentally falls into the water, the telescopic sleeve (14) increases the buoyancy to prevent the device from sinking into the water and causing damage to the device.

Images