Light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological fertilizers. The light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of a light carbon silicon material, 10-20 parts of modified humic acid, 18-20 parts of urea, 12-15 parts of potassium chloride, 8-12 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-3 parts of a photosynthesis enhancer and 1-2 parts of a nanocrystallization aid, the optical carbon-silicon material is prepared by preparing a carbon carrier from a carbon raw material through a hydrothermal reaction and then loading a silicon element and photosynthesis promoting bacteria, the modified humic acid is prepared from a humic acid raw material through three-step treatment, fermentation, acid precipitation and hydrogen peroxide modification. The nanocrystallization auxiliary agent is an equivalent mixture of lauryl sodium sulfate and nano silicon dioxide. The light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer provided by the invention promotes the growth and development of crops and improves the soil structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biological fertilizers, and in particular relates to a light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Humic acid (HA), also known as humic acid, is a natural organic polymer compound that is widely found in soil, lakes, rivers, oceans, as well as lignite, weathered coal, and peat. It has many excellent properties, such as good adsorption, ion exchangeability, and stability. Humic acid is not a single acid, but a complex mixture containing functional groups such as carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups, showing the properties of dibasic acids or occasionally tribasic acids. Humic acid is a complex natural organic polymer mixture formed and accumulated by microbial decomposition and transformation of plant and animal residues and microbial cells, as well as a series of geochemical processes.

[0003] Compound fertilizer combines traditional nutrients such as humic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with advanced high-tower granulation technology, which significantly improves the quality and efficacy of the product. However, although this production process has made great progress compared to traditional methods, it still relies on the use of bentonite binders and resin binders. Bentonite binders not only limit the flexibility of the production process, but also have an adverse effect on the properties and structure of the soil. Specifically, bentonite binders change the original structure of the soil, harm the beneficial biota and species in the soil, and even pollute crops with harmful substances and heavy metals contained in them, thereby causing environmental problems such as soil erosion. Therefore, although light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer has performed well in improving crop yield and quality, how to reduce or replace the use of bentonite binders and resin binders without sacrificing product performance has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. This will not only help protect the soil ecology and reduce environmental pollution, but also further promote the green and sustainable development of the compound fertilizer industry.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention develops a light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which are used to solve the technical problems of low nutrient utilization rate and degraded soil structure of humic acid compound fertilizer in the prior art, and does not improve soil health and enhance crop growth from the perspective of adding light carbon silicon materials and modified humic acid. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems that the humic acid compound fertilizer in the prior art has low nutrient utilization rate and degraded soil structure, and does not improve soil health and enhance crop growth from the perspective of adding light carbon silicon materials and modified humic acid.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is composed of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of light carbon silicon material, 10-20 parts of modified humic acid, 18-20 parts of urea, 12-15 parts of potassium chloride, 8-12 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-3 parts of photosynthesis enhancer and 1-2 parts of nano-sized auxiliary agent; the light carbon silicon material is prepared from carbon raw material into a carbon carrier through hydrothermal reaction, and then loaded with silicon element and photosynthesis promoting bacteria; the modified humic acid is obtained by three-step treatment, fermentation, acid precipitation and hydrogen peroxide modification of the humic acid raw material; the photosynthesis enhancer is purchased from Anyang Zhenhua Chemical Co., Ltd.; the nano-sized auxiliary agent is an equal mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate and nano-silicon dioxide; nano-silicon dioxide is purchased from Wuhan Baixing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0008] The method for preparing the optical carbon silicon material comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) Preparation of carbon carrier: crushing the carbon raw material, sieving, washing and drying to obtain a pretreated carbon raw material; weighing the pretreated carbon raw material, adding deionized water and FeCl3, stirring evenly, transferring to a stainless steel autoclave, sealing and placing in a preheated constant temperature water bath for reaction, after completion, cooling the autoclave to room temperature to obtain a hydrothermal reaction product, centrifuging, collecting the lower layer of solid, washing and drying to obtain a carbon carrier;

[0010] (2) Loading silicon: Grind the carbon carrier into powder, sieve, add deionized water, stir evenly, adjust the pH to 8.8-9, then add sodium silicate solution, stir to react, centrifuge, collect solid residue, wash, and dry to obtain a carbon carrier loaded with silicon;

[0011] (3) Loading photosynthesis-promoting bacteria: prepare a culture medium for photosynthesis-promoting bacteria, sterilize it under high pressure, inoculate the photosynthesis-promoting bacteria into the culture medium for cultivation, and after the cultivation is completed, mix the photosynthesis-promoting bacteria solution with the carbon carrier loaded with silicon, stir evenly, let it stand, and then centrifuge it, take the solid residue, wash it, and dry it to obtain the photocarbon silicon material.

[0012] Furthermore, in step (1), the carbon raw material is a mixture of straw, sawdust, peanut shells, walnut shells and bark, the mass ratio of straw, sawdust, peanut shells, walnut shells and bark is 3:1-2:1-2:3-4:4-5, the mesh size of the sieve is 100-200 mesh, washed with deionized water 3-4 times, the oven drying temperature is 60-65°C, the drying time is 12-16h, and the moisture content is less than 10%; the mass ratio of the pretreated carbon raw material to deionized water is 1:5-6, and the mass ratio of FeCl3 to the pretreated carbon raw material is 0.03 -0.05:1, the temperature of the thermostatic water bath is 180-190°C, the reaction time is 2-3h, the centrifugal speed is 3000-4000rpm, the centrifugal time is 10-15min, and it is washed with deionized water 2-3 times; in step (2), the mass ratio of the carbon carrier to the deionized water is 1-1.2:4, the mesh size of the sieve is 200-300 mesh, the concentration of the NaOH solution is 0.5M, the pH value is preferably adjusted to 9, the concentration of the sodium silicate solution is 10wt%, and the mass ratio of the sodium silicate solution to the deionized water is 1:2, and the reaction is stirred. 30-40min, the centrifugal speed is 3000-4000rpm, the centrifugal time is 10-15min, and washed with deionized water 3-5 times; in step (3), the photosynthesis-promoting bacteria is a mixture of crimson red rhodospirilla, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and green sulfur budding bacteria, crimson red rhodospirilla and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are purchased from Zhengzhou Fangjue Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and green sulfur budding bacteria are purchased from Beijing Biobowei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The culture medium of crimson red rhodospirilla consists of the following components in parts by weight: 950 parts of deionized water, 10 parts of tryptone, 5 parts of yeast extract, 10 1 part of sodium chloride, 1.5 parts of NaNO3, 0.5 parts of K2HPO4·3H2O, 0.075 parts of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.04 parts of CaCl2·2H2O, 0.06 parts of sodium citrate·2H2O, 0.008 parts of FeC6H5O7·5H2O, 0.02 parts of Na2CO3 and 0.001 parts of EDTA disodium salt. The culture conditions of Rhodospirilla crimsonii are anaerobic conditions, the culture temperature is 28-30℃, the pH is 6.5-7.5, the light is white light or blue light, and the light intensity is 100-200μE / m 2 / s, light culture for 12-24h, until OD600 reaches 0.5-1.0, transfer the previous culture into new culture medium at a 5% inoculum, and continue to light culture for 24-48h under anaerobic conditions until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 10 7CFU / mL; the culture medium of nitrogen-fixing bacteria is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 980 parts of deionized water, 10 parts of glucose, 0.5 parts of K2HPO4, 0.2 parts of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.02 parts of CaCl2·2H2O, 0.02 parts of NaCl, 0.002 parts of FeSO4·7H2O and 0.001 parts of MnSO4·H2O. The culture conditions of nitrogen-fixing bacteria are aerobic conditions, the culture temperature is 28-30°C, the pH is 6.5-7.5, and the shaking culture is carried out for 24-48 hours until the OD600 reaches 0.5-1.0. The previous culture is transferred into a new culture medium with an inoculum amount of 5%, and the shaking culture is continued under aerobic conditions for 24-48 hours until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 10 7 CFU / mL; the culture medium of green sulfur budding bacteria is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 990 parts of deionized water, 0.5 parts of Na2S2O3·5H2O, 0.5 parts of Na2CO3, 0.5 parts of NaHCO3, 0.5 parts of Na2SO4, 0.5 parts of K2HPO4, 0.2 parts of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.02 parts of CaCl2·2H2O and 0.002 parts of FeSO4·7H2O, the culture conditions of green sulfur budding bacteria are anaerobic conditions, the culture temperature is 45-50°C, the pH is 6.8-7.2, the light is white light or green light, and the light intensity is 50-100μE / m 2 / s, light culture for 48-72h, until OD750 reaches 0.5-1.0, transfer the previous culture into new culture medium at a 5% inoculum, and continue to light culture for 48-72h under anaerobic conditions until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 10 7 CFU / mL; the photosynthesis-promoting bacterial solution is a mixture of crimson Rhodospirilla, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and green sulfur budding bacteria in a volume ratio of 1-2:2-3:1-2, the mass volume ratio of the silicon-loaded carbon carrier to the photosynthesis-promoting bacterial solution is 1:8-10 g / mL, the mixture is allowed to stand for 30-60 minutes, the centrifugal speed is 3000-4000 rpm, the centrifugal time is 10-15 minutes, and the mixture is washed 3-5 times with phosphate buffer.

[0013] Wherein, the preparation method of the modified humic acid comprises the following steps:

[0014] Q1. Pretreatment: Put the humic acid raw material into a grinder, grind it, sieve it, put the sieved raw material into a beaker, add deionized water, stir it, filter it, and obtain a one-step treated humic acid raw material; put the one-step treated humic acid raw material into a beaker, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to 10-11, and then put the beaker into a constant temperature water bath for water bathing. After the end, filter it to obtain a two-step treated humic acid raw material; put the two-step treated humic acid raw material into a beaker, add HCl solution to adjust the pH to 2-3, and then put the beaker into a constant temperature water bath for water bathing. After the end, filter it and wash it to obtain a three-step treated humic acid raw material;

[0015] Q2, fermentation: put the humic acid raw material treated in the three steps into a beaker, add the mixed enzyme solution, heat, stir to react, then centrifuge, collect the supernatant, add glucose and malt extract to the supernatant, adjust the pH to 6.5-7, transfer to a fermentation tank, access the mixed bacterial solution for fermentation, centrifuge after completion, collect the supernatant, and obtain the humic acid raw material fermentation liquid;

[0016] Q3, acid precipitation: add HCl to the humic acid raw material fermentation liquid to adjust the pH to 2-3, let it stand, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, wash, and obtain humic acid;

[0017] Q4. Modification treatment: dissolve humic acid in deionized water to obtain a humic acid solution, add hydrogen peroxide solution, stir to react, centrifuge, collect solids, dry, and obtain modified humic acid.

[0018] Furthermore, the humic acid raw material in Q1 is a mixture of lignite and peat, the mass ratio of lignite to peat is 1:2-4, the rotation speed of the pulverizer is 2000-3000rpm, the mesh size is 150-250 mesh, the mass ratio of the humic acid raw material to deionized water is 1:5-10; the mass volume ratio of the humic acid raw material treated in one step to the NaOH solution is 0.8-1.2:1, the concentration of the NaOH solution is 0.5M, the temperature of the water bath is 50-55°C, and the water bath time is 30-40min; the mass volume ratio of the humic acid raw material treated in two steps to the HCl solution is 0.8-1.2:1, the concentration of HCl solution is 0.5M, the temperature of the water bath is 50-55℃, the water bath time is 30-40min, and it is washed with deionized water until neutral; the mixed enzyme solution in Q2 is obtained by mixing cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2:2:1:50, the stirring reaction temperature is 35-37℃, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 4-6h, the mass ratio of glucose to the three-step treated humic acid raw material is 5-7:100, the mass ratio of malt extract to the three-step treated humic acid raw material is 2-3:100, and phosphate buffer is used. The pH value was adjusted to 6.5-7. The mixed bacterial solution was prepared by mixing Trichoderma viride, Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis and sterilized water in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1:3:92. Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis were purchased from Guangzhou Zhenwei Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd., and Bacillus licheniformis was purchased from Shaanxi Rankang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The volume ratio of the fermentation raw material to the mixed bacterial solution was 1:1. The fermentation temperature was 30-35°C, the fermentation time was 70-78h, and the ventilation volume was 1vvm (volume / volume / min). The stirring speed is 200-250rpm; the concentration of the HCl solution in Q3 is 1M, the pH is adjusted to 2-3, the solution is allowed to stand for 1-2h, the centrifugal speed is 3000-4000rpm, the centrifugal time is 8-10min, and the precipitate is washed 3 times with deionized water; the mass ratio of humic acid to deionized water in Q4 is 20-30:100, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30wt%, the volume ratio of the humic acid solution to the hydrogen peroxide solution is 1:1-2, the stirring reaction temperature is 40-50℃, the drying temperature is 40-50℃, and the drying time is 12-18h.

[0019] The preparation method of light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0020] M1, mixing: the light carbon silicon material, urea, potassium chloride, and monoammonium phosphate are crushed and sieved respectively, and then placed in a mixer for stirring and mixing, and then photosynthesis enhancer and nano-additive are added and continued to be mixed. After the end, a dry powder mixture is obtained, and the modified humic acid is dissolved in deionized water to prepare a modified humic acid solution. The modified humic acid solution is evenly sprayed on the dry powder mixture, and stirring is continued. After the end, a crude light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is obtained;

[0021] M2. Granulation: The crude product of the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is transferred to a particle collision granulator for granulation, and then transferred to a fluidized bed dryer for drying. After drying, it is cooled to obtain the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer.

[0022] Furthermore, M1 is sieved through an 80-100 mesh screen, the stirring speed is 20-30 rpm, the mixing time is 20-30 min, and the concentration of the humic acid solution is 10-20 wt%; in M2, the rotation speed of the particle collision granulator is 15-50 rpm, the granulation temperature is 50-70° C., the pressure is 10-20 MPa, the drying temperature of the fluidized bed dryer is 60-80° C., the wind speed is 0.5-2.0 m / s, and the water content of the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is less than 5%.

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. The present invention prepares carbon carriers by using biomass as raw materials, further loading silicon elements and photosynthesis-promoting bacteria to enhance the photosynthesis efficiency of plants. The addition of modified humic acid not only increases the organic matter content of the soil and improves the soil structure, but also synergizes with light carbon silicon materials, urea, potassium chloride, etc. to improve the nutrient content and utilization rate of compound fertilizers, and promote the healthy growth of crops; nano-auxiliaries and particle collision granulation technology are used to achieve slow and controlled release of nutrients, so that the nutrient release matches the needs of crops, and the loss and waste of nutrients are reduced; the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer combines the advantages of light carbon, silicon and humic acid, and contains not only large elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., but also medium and trace elements such as silicon and humic acid, providing comprehensive nutritional support for crops and meeting the needs of crops at different growth stages.

[0025] 2. The present invention realizes the effective utilization of waste by selecting biomass such as straw, sawdust, peanut shells, walnut shells and bark as carbon raw materials; the hydrothermal reaction is carried out under high temperature and high pressure, which promotes the development of the pore structure of the carbon raw materials, increases the specific surface area, and is beneficial to the subsequent loading of silicon elements and the attachment of microorganisms; FeCl3 enhances the catalytic activity and electron transfer ability of the carbon carrier, which is beneficial to the growth and metabolism of photosynthetic bacteria; the loading of silicon elements can improve the mechanical strength and chemical stability of the carbon carrier, making it more durable in the soil environment. Silicon is an important element required by many plants and can enhance The disease resistance and resistance to adversity of plants, the silicon-loaded carbon carrier can be used as a slow-release silicon source to continuously supply the needs of plants; photosynthesis-promoting bacteria can improve the photosynthesis efficiency of plants, enhance nitrogen fixation ability, and improve the nutritional status of plants. The use of microorganisms instead of chemical fertilizers can reduce the use of chemical substances and is more environmentally friendly; Crimson Rhodospirilla, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and green sulfur budding bacteria are selected as photosynthesis-promoting bacteria. These species have different photosynthesis mechanisms and metabolic pathways, which can work synergistically to improve the photosynthesis efficiency of photocarbon silicon materials, thereby improving the nutrient utilization rate of compound fertilizers.

[0026] 3. The present invention uses a three-step pretreatment method to remove mineral impurities in the raw material, making the humic acid looser and forming a more soluble structure, which is conducive to subsequent fermentation and modification, and obtaining high-purity humic acid; cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase are used to enzymolyze the humic acid raw material treated in the three steps to decompose the structures such as cellulose and hemicellulose in the raw material and release more humic acid; a mixed bacterial solution of green Trichoderma, Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma harzianum and the like is used for fermentation to further degrade organic matter and promote the generation of humic acid; hydrogen peroxide is added for oxidative modification to oxidize the carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups of humic acid and introduce active oxygen groups at the same time, and the modified humic acid can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, increase the porosity and organic matter content of the soil, and improve soil fertility and water retention; further, by using particle collision granulation technology, not only the use of bentonite is avoided, the adverse effects on soil structure and properties are reduced, and the risk of environmental pollution is reduced, but also the quality stability and uniformity of the compound fertilizer are ensured, which is conducive to the healthy growth and high yield of crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] This embodiment discloses a light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer, which is composed of the following ingredients by weight: 15kg of light carbon silicon material, 10kg of modified humic acid, 18kg of urea, 12kg of potassium chloride, 8kg of monoammonium phosphate, 2kg of photosynthesis enhancer, 0.5kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 0.5kg of nano silicon dioxide.

[0030] The method for preparing the optical carbon silicon material comprises the following steps:

[0031] (1) Preparation of carbon carrier: 3 kg of straw, 1 kg of sawdust, 1 kg of peanut shells, 3 kg of walnut shells and 4 kg of bark were crushed, passed through a 100-mesh sieve, washed three times with deionized water, and dried to obtain a pretreated carbon raw material; the pretreated carbon raw material was weighed, 60 kg of deionized water and 240 g of FeCl3 were added, stirred evenly, transferred to a stainless steel autoclave, sealed and placed in a constant temperature water bath preheated to 180°C for reaction for 2 h. After the reaction, the autoclave was cooled to room temperature to obtain a hydrothermal reaction product, the centrifugal speed was 3000 rpm, the centrifugal time was 10 min, the lower layer of solid was collected, washed, and dried to obtain a carbon carrier;

[0032] (2) Loading silicon: 1 kg of carbon support was ground into powder, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, 5 kg of deionized water was added, and the mixture was stirred evenly. The pH value was adjusted to 8.8 with 0.5 M NaOH solution, and then 2.5 kg of 10 wt% sodium silicate solution was added. The mixture was stirred for 30 min, and the mixture was centrifuged. The solid residue was collected, washed, and dried to obtain a carbon support loaded with silicon.

[0033] (3) Loading photosynthesis-promoting bacteria: preparing a culture medium for photosynthesis-promoting bacteria and sterilizing it under high pressure, wherein the photosynthesis-promoting bacteria is a mixture of Rhodospirilla rubrum, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and green sulfur budding bacteria, wherein the culture medium for Rhodospirilla rubrum consists of the following ingredients by weight: 950 g deionized water, 10 g tryptone, 5 g yeast extract, 10 g sodium chloride, 1.5 g NaNO3, 0.5 g K2HPO4·3H2O, 0.075 g MgSO4·7H2O, 0.04 g CaCl2·2H2O, 0.06 g sodium citrate·2H2O, 0.008 g FeC6H5O7·5H2O, 0.02 g Na2CO3 and 0.001 g EDTA disodium salt; the culture medium for nitrogen-fixing bacteria consists of the following ingredients by weight: 980 g deionized water, 10 g glucose, 0.5 g K2HPO4, 0.2 g MgSO4·7H2O, 0.02g CaCl2·2H2O, 0.02g NaCl, 0.002g FeSO4·7H2O and 0.001g MnSO4·H2O; the culture medium of green sulfur budding bacteria is composed of the following components by weight: 990g deionized water, 0.5g Na2S2O3·5H2O, 0.5g Na2CO3, 0.5g NaHCO3, 0.5gNa2SO4, 0.5g K2HPO4, 0.2g MgSO4·7H2O, 0.02g CaCl2·2H2O and 0.002g FeSO4·7H2O; the photosynthesis-promoting bacteria are inoculated into the culture medium for cultivation, the culture conditions of crimson red rhodospirilla are anaerobic conditions, the culture temperature is 28°C, the pH is 6.5, the light is white light, and the light intensity is 100μE / m 2 / s, light culture for 12h, until OD600 reaches 0.5, the previous culture is transferred into the new culture medium at a 5% inoculum, and light culture is continued under anaerobic conditions for 24h, until the bacterial liquid concentration reaches 10 7 CFU / mL; The culture conditions of nitrogen-fixing bacteria are aerobic conditions, the culture temperature is 28℃, the pH is 6.5, and the shaking culture is carried out for 24 hours until the OD600 reaches 0.5. The previous culture is transferred into the new culture medium at a 5% inoculum volume, and the shaking culture is continued under aerobic conditions for 24 hours until the bacterial liquid concentration reaches 10 7 CFU / mL; The culture conditions of green sulfur budding bacteria are anaerobic conditions, the culture temperature is 45°C, the pH is 6.8, the light is white light or green light, and the light intensity is 50μE / m 2 / s, light culture for 48h, until OD750 reaches 0.5, the previous culture is transferred into the new culture medium at a 5% inoculum, and light culture is continued for 48h under anaerobic conditions until the bacterial liquid concentration reaches 10 7CFU / mL; 100mL of the bacterial solution of Rhodospirilla crimsonii, 200mL of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and 100mL of green sulfur budding bacteria were mixed with 40g of the silicon-loaded carbon carrier, stirred evenly, allowed to stand for 30min, and then centrifuged, the solid residue was taken, washed, and dried to obtain the light carbon silicon material.

[0034] Wherein, the preparation method of the modified humic acid comprises the following steps:

[0035] Q1. Pretreatment: 1kg lignite and 2kg peat were crushed in a pulverizer at a speed of 2000rpm, and the raw materials were sieved with a 150-mesh sieve. The sieved raw materials were put into a beaker, 15 deionized water was added, stirred, and filtered to obtain a one-step treated humic acid raw material; the one-step treated humic acid raw material was put into a beaker, 2.5L 0.5M NaOH solution was added to adjust the pH to 10, and then the beaker was placed in a constant temperature water bath for water bathing at a temperature of 50°C for 30min, and filtered to obtain a two-step treated humic acid raw material; the two-step treated humic acid raw material was put into a beaker, 0.5M HCl solution was added to adjust the pH to 2, and then the beaker was placed in a constant temperature water bath for water bathing at a temperature of 50°C for 30min, filtered, and washed to obtain a three-step treated humic acid raw material;

[0036] Q2, fermentation: put the humic acid raw material treated in the three steps into a beaker, add the mixed enzyme solution, heat, stir to react, then centrifuge, collect the supernatant, add 150g glucose and 60g malt extract to the supernatant, adjust the pH to 6.5 with phosphate buffer, transfer to a fermentation tank, access 2L mixed bacterial solution for fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 30°C, the ventilation volume is 1vvm (volume / volume / min), the fermentation time is 70h, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, and obtain the humic acid raw material fermentation liquid;

[0037] Q3, acid precipitation: add 1M HCl to the humic acid raw material fermentation liquid to adjust the pH to 2, let it stand for 1 hour, centrifuge at a speed of 3000 rpm for 8 minutes, collect the precipitate, wash it, and obtain humic acid;

[0038] Q4. Modification treatment: 200 g of humic acid was dissolved in 1 L of deionized water to obtain a humic acid solution, 1 L of 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution was added, the mixture was stirred for reaction, centrifuged, the solid was collected, and dried to obtain modified humic acid.

[0039] The preparation method of light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0040] M1, mixing: the light carbon silicon material, urea, potassium chloride, and monoammonium phosphate are crushed separately, passed through an 80-mesh sieve, and then placed in a mixer for stirring and mixing at a stirring speed of 20 rpm for 20 min, and then photosynthesis enhancer and nano-additive are added to continue mixing. After the end, a dry powder mixture is obtained, and the modified humic acid is dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 10 wt% modified humic acid solution. The modified humic acid solution is evenly sprayed in the dry powder mixture, and stirring is continued. After the end, a crude light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is obtained;

[0041] M2. Granulation: The crude product of the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is transferred to a particle collision granulator for granulation at a rotation speed of 15 rpm, a granulation temperature of 50°C, and a pressure of 10 MPa. It is then transferred to a fluidized bed dryer for drying at a drying temperature of 60°C and a wind speed of 0.5 m / s. After drying, it is cooled to obtain the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] This embodiment discloses a light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer, which is composed of the following ingredients by weight: 20kg of light carbon silicon material, 20kg of modified humic acid, 20kg of urea, 15kg of potassium chloride, 12kg of monoammonium phosphate, 3kg of photosynthesis enhancer, 1kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 1kg of nano silicon dioxide.

[0044] The method for preparing the optical carbon silicon material comprises the following steps:

[0045] (1) Preparation of carbon carrier: 3 kg of straw, 2 kg of sawdust, 2 kg of peanut shells, 4 kg of walnut shells and 5 kg of bark were crushed, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, washed 4 times with deionized water, and dried to obtain a pretreated carbon raw material; the pretreated carbon raw material was weighed, 55 kg of deionized water and 550 g of FeCl3 were added, stirred evenly, transferred to a stainless steel autoclave, sealed and placed in a constant temperature water bath preheated to 190°C for reaction for 3 h. After the reaction, the autoclave was cooled to room temperature to obtain a hydrothermal reaction product, the centrifugal speed was 4000 rpm, the centrifugal time was 15 min, the lower layer of solid was collected, washed, and dried to obtain a carbon carrier;

[0046] (2) Loading silicon: 1.2 kg of carbon support was ground into powder, passed through a 300 mesh sieve, 4 kg of deionized water was added, and the mixture was stirred evenly. The pH value was adjusted to 9 with 0.5 M NaOH solution, and then 2 kg of 10 wt% sodium silicate solution was added. The mixture was stirred for 40 min, and the mixture was centrifuged. The solid residue was collected, washed, and dried to obtain a carbon support loaded with silicon.

[0047] (3) Loading photosynthesis-promoting bacteria: preparing a culture medium for photosynthesis-promoting bacteria and sterilizing it under high pressure, wherein the photosynthesis-promoting bacteria is a mixture of Rhodospirilla rubrum, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and green sulfur budding bacteria, wherein the culture medium for Rhodospirilla rubrum consists of the following ingredients by weight: 950 g deionized water, 10 g tryptone, 5 g yeast extract, 10 g sodium chloride, 1.5 g NaNO3, 0.5 g K2HPO4·3H2O, 0.075 g MgSO4·7H2O, 0.04 g CaCl2·2H2O, 0.06 g sodium citrate·2H2O, 0.008 g FeC6H5O7·5H2O, 0.02 g Na2CO3 and 0.001 g EDTA disodium salt; the culture medium for nitrogen-fixing bacteria consists of the following ingredients by weight: 980 g deionized water, 10 g glucose, 0.5 g K2HPO4, 0.2 g MgSO4·7H2O, 0.02g CaCl2·2H2O, 0.02g NaCl, 0.002g FeSO4·7H2O and 0.001g MnSO4·H2O; the culture medium of green sulfur budding bacteria is composed of the following components by weight: 990g deionized water, 0.5g Na2S2O3·5H2O, 0.5g Na2CO3, 0.5g NaHCO3, 0.5gNa2SO4, 0.5g K2HPO4, 0.2g MgSO4·7H2O, 0.02g CaCl2·2H2O and 0.002g FeSO4·7H2O; the photosynthesis-promoting bacteria are inoculated into the culture medium for cultivation, the culture conditions of crimson red rhodospirilla are anaerobic conditions, the culture temperature is 30°C, the pH is 7.5, the light is white light or blue light, and the light intensity is 200μE / m 2 / s, light culture for 24h, until OD600 reaches 1.0, the previous culture is transferred into new culture medium at a 5% inoculum, and light culture is continued for 48h under anaerobic conditions until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 10 7 CFU / mL; The culture conditions of nitrogen-fixing bacteria are aerobic conditions, the culture temperature is 30℃, the pH is 7.5, and the shaking culture is carried out for 48 hours until the OD600 reaches 1.0. The previous culture is transferred into the new culture medium at a 5% inoculum volume, and the shaking culture is continued under aerobic conditions for 48 hours until the bacterial liquid concentration reaches 10 7 CFU / mL; The culture conditions of green sulfur budding bacteria are anaerobic conditions, the culture temperature is 50°C, the pH is 7.2, the light is white light or green light, and the light intensity is 100μE / m 2 / s, light culture for 72h, until OD750 reaches 1.0, the previous culture is transferred into new culture medium at a 5% inoculum, and light culture is continued for 72h under anaerobic conditions until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 10 7CFU / mL; 200mL of the bacterial solution of Rhodospirilla crimsonii, 300mL of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and 200mL of green sulfur budding bacteria were mixed with 50g of the silicon-loaded carbon carrier, stirred evenly, allowed to stand for 60min, and then centrifuged, the solid residue was taken, washed, and dried to obtain the light carbon silicon material.

[0048] Wherein, the preparation method of the modified humic acid comprises the following steps:

[0049] Q1. Pretreatment: 1 kg lignite and 4 kg peat were crushed in a pulverizer at a speed of 3000 rpm, passed through a 250 mesh sieve, and the sieved raw materials were put into a beaker, 50 L of deionized water was added, stirred, and filtered to obtain a one-step treated humic acid raw material; the one-step treated humic acid raw material was put into a beaker, 3.75 L of 0.5 M NaOH solution was added to adjust the pH to 11, and then the beaker was placed in a constant temperature water bath for water bathing at a temperature of 55 ° C and a water bath time of 40 min, and filtered to obtain a two-step treated humic acid raw material; the two-step treated humic acid raw material was put into a beaker, 0.5 M HCl solution was added to adjust the pH to 3, and then the beaker was placed in a constant temperature water bath for water bathing at a temperature of 55 ° C and a water bath time of 40 min, filtered, washed, and obtained a three-step treated humic acid raw material;

[0050] Q2, fermentation: put the humic acid raw material treated in the three steps into a beaker, add the mixed enzyme solution, heat, stir to react, then centrifuge, collect the supernatant, add 350g glucose and 150g malt extract to the supernatant, adjust the pH to 7 with phosphate buffer, transfer to a fermentation tank, access 5L mixed bacterial solution for fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 30-35°C, the ventilation volume is 1vvm (volume / volume / min), the fermentation time is 70-78h, centrifuge, collect the supernatant, and obtain the humic acid raw material fermentation liquid;

[0051] Q3, acid precipitation: add 1M HCl to the humic acid raw material fermentation liquid to adjust the pH to 3, let it stand for 2 hours, centrifuge at a speed of 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, collect the precipitate, wash it, and obtain humic acid;

[0052] Q4. Modification treatment: dissolve 200-300g humic acid in 1L deionized water to obtain a humic acid solution, add 1-2L 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution, stir to react, centrifuge, collect the solid, and dry to obtain modified humic acid.

[0053] The preparation method of light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0054] M1, mixing: the light carbon silicon material, urea, potassium chloride, and monoammonium phosphate are crushed separately, passed through a 100-mesh sieve, and then placed in a mixer for stirring and mixing at a stirring speed of 30 rpm for 30 min, and then photosynthesis enhancer and nano-additive are added to continue mixing. After the end, a dry powder mixture is obtained, and the modified humic acid is dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 20 wt% modified humic acid solution. The modified humic acid solution is evenly sprayed in the dry powder mixture, and stirring is continued. After the end, a crude light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is obtained;

[0055] M2. Granulation: The crude product of the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is transferred to a particle collision granulator for granulation at a rotation speed of 50 rpm, a granulation temperature of 70°C, and a pressure of 20 MPa. It is then transferred to a fluidized bed dryer for drying at a drying temperature of 80°C and a wind speed of 2.0 m / s. After drying, it is cooled to obtain the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer.

[0056] Comparative Example 1:

[0057] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 2, in the preparation process of the compound fertilizer in Comparative Example 1, no modified humic acid was added, and other conditions remained unchanged.

[0058] Comparative Example 2:

[0059] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 2, in the preparation process of the compound fertilizer in Comparative Example 2, no light carbon silicon material is added, and other conditions remain unchanged.

[0060] Experimental example

[0061] The carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer prepared in Example 1-2 and Comparative Example 1-2 was tested in the cotton field of Xinjiang Zhongmian Group. Soil with consistent level was selected. The cotton variety was Zhongmian No. 113. The test was started from the first day of cotton planting. The first carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer was applied. The test days were 120 days. The carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer was applied once every 20 days at a rate of 50 kg / mu. The soil without the carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer was used as a blank control. The growth indicators of the cotton were observed as shown in Table 1:

[0062] 1. Growth indicators of cotton

[0063] Table 1

[0064]

[0065] According to the test results in Table 1, the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-2 of the present invention significantly promoted the growth and development of cotton and increased the yield of cotton. By comparing Comparative Example 1-2 with Example 1-2, it can be seen that adding modified humic acid and light carbon silicon material can improve the nutrient utilization rate of the compound fertilizer.

[0066] 2. Soil Porosity

[0067] The soil porosity after applying carbon-silicon humic acid compound fertilizer was measured according to the specific gravity bottle method in GB / T 18877-2002 soil specific volume determination method. The measurement was carried out on the 120th day of the test. The results are shown in Table 2:

[0068] Table 2

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] According to the test results in Table 2, the porosity of the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer prepared in Example 1-2 of the present invention is close to 50%, which significantly improves the porosity of the soil. By comparing Comparative Example 1-2 with Example 1-2, it can be seen that adding modified humic acid and light carbon silicon material can improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

[0073] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. Light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of light carbon silicon material, 10-20 parts of modified humic acid, 18-20 parts of urea, 12-15 parts of potassium chloride, 8-12 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-3 parts of photosynthesis enhancer and 1-2 parts of nano-sized auxiliary agent; the light carbon silicon material is prepared from carbon raw material into a carbon carrier through hydrothermal reaction, and then loaded with silicon element and photosynthesis promoting bacteria; the modified humic acid is prepared from the humic acid raw material through three-step treatment, fermentation, acid precipitation and hydrogen peroxide modification.

2. The light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-sized auxiliary agent is an equal mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate and nano silicon dioxide.

3. The light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the optical carbon silicon material comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of carbon carrier: crushing the carbon raw material, sieving, washing and drying to obtain a pretreated carbon raw material; weighing the pretreated carbon raw material, adding deionized water and FeCl3, stirring evenly, transferring to a stainless steel autoclave, sealing and placing in a preheated constant temperature water bath for reaction, after completion, cooling the autoclave to room temperature to obtain a hydrothermal reaction product, centrifuging, collecting the lower layer of solid, washing and drying to obtain a carbon carrier; (2) Loading silicon: Grind the carbon carrier into powder, sieve, add deionized water, stir evenly, adjust the pH to 8.8-9, then add sodium silicate solution, stir to react, centrifuge, collect solid residue, wash, and dry to obtain a carbon carrier loaded with silicon; (3) Loading photosynthesis-promoting bacteria: prepare a culture medium for photosynthesis-promoting bacteria, sterilize it under high pressure, inoculate the photosynthesis-promoting bacteria into the culture medium for cultivation, and after the cultivation is completed, mix the photosynthesis-promoting bacteria solution with the carbon carrier loaded with silicon, stir evenly, let it stand, and then centrifuge it, take the solid residue, wash it, and dry it to obtain the photocarbon silicon material.

4. The light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1), the carbon raw material is a mixture of straw, sawdust, peanut shells, walnut shells and bark, the mass ratio of straw, sawdust, peanut shells, walnut shells and bark is 3:1-2:1-2:3-4:4-5, the mesh size of the sieve is 100-200 mesh; the mass ratio of the pretreated carbon raw material to deionized water is 1:5-6, the mass ratio of FeCl3 to the pretreated carbon raw material is 0.03-0.05:1, the temperature of the constant temperature water bath is 180-190°C, the reaction time is 2-3h, the centrifugal speed is 3000-4000rpm, and the centrifugal time is 2h. The time interval is 10-15min; in step (2), the mass ratio of the carbon carrier to the deionized water is 1-1.2:4, the concentration of the NaOH solution is 0.5M, the concentration of the sodium silicate solution is 10wt%, and the mass ratio of the sodium silicate solution to the deionized water is 1:2; in step (3), the photosynthesis-promoting bacterial solution is a mixture of Rhodospirilla crimsonii, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and green sulfur budding bacteria in a volume ratio of 1-2:2-3:1-2, the mass volume ratio of the silicon-loaded carbon carrier to the photosynthesis-promoting bacterial solution is 1:8-10g / mL, and the mixture is allowed to stand for 30-60min.

5. The light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified humic acid comprises the following steps: Q1. Pretreatment: Put the humic acid raw material into a grinder, grind it, sieve it, put the sieved raw material into a beaker, add deionized water, stir it, filter it, and obtain a one-step treated humic acid raw material; put the one-step treated humic acid raw material into a beaker, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to 10-11, and then put the beaker into a constant temperature water bath for water bathing. After the end, filter it to obtain a two-step treated humic acid raw material; put the two-step treated humic acid raw material into a beaker, add HCl solution to adjust the pH to 2-3, and then put the beaker into a constant temperature water bath for water bathing. After the end, filter it and wash it to obtain a three-step treated humic acid raw material; Q2, fermentation: put the humic acid raw material treated in the three steps into a beaker, add the mixed enzyme solution, heat, stir to react, then centrifuge, collect the supernatant, add glucose and malt extract to the supernatant, adjust the pH to 6.5-7 with phosphate buffer, transfer to a fermentation tank, access the mixed bacterial solution for fermentation, centrifuge after completion, collect the supernatant, and obtain the humic acid raw material fermentation liquid; Q3, acid precipitation: add HCl to the humic acid raw material fermentation liquid to adjust the pH to 2-3, let it stand, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, wash, and obtain humic acid; Q4. Modification treatment: dissolve humic acid in deionized water to obtain a humic acid solution, add hydrogen peroxide solution, stir to react, centrifuge, collect solids, dry, and obtain modified humic acid.

6. The light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The humic acid raw material in Q1 is a mixture of lignite and peat, the mass ratio of lignite to peat is 1:2-4, the mass ratio of the humic acid raw material to deionized water is 1:5-10, the mass volume ratio of the humic acid raw material treated in one step to the NaOH solution is 0.8-1.2:1, the concentration of the NaOH solution is 0.5M, the temperature of the water bath is 50-55°C, and the water bath time is 30-40min; the mass volume ratio of the humic acid raw material treated in two steps to the HCl solution is 0.8-1.2:1, and the concentration of the HCl solution is 0.5M.

7. The light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mixed enzyme solution in Q2 is obtained by mixing cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and deionized water in a mass ratio of 2:2:1:50, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 4-6 hours, the mass ratio of glucose to the humic acid raw material treated in three steps is 5-7:100, the mass ratio of malt extract to the humic acid raw material treated in three steps is 2-3:100, the mixed bacterial solution is prepared by trichoderma viride, bacillus licheniformis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis and sterilized water in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1:3:92; the volume ratio of the fermentation raw material to the mixed bacterial solution is 1:1; the concentration of the HCl solution in Q3 is 1M, and it is left to stand for 1-2 hours; the mass ratio of humic acid to deionized water in Q4 is 20-30:100, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30wt%, and the volume ratio of the humic acid solution to the hydrogen peroxide solution is 1:1-2.

8. A method for preparing a light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: M1, mixing: the light carbon silicon material, urea, potassium chloride, and monoammonium phosphate are crushed and sieved respectively, and then placed in a mixer for stirring and mixing, and then photosynthesis enhancer and nano-additive are added and continued to be mixed. After the end, a dry powder mixture is obtained, and the modified humic acid is dissolved in deionized water to prepare a modified humic acid solution. The modified humic acid solution is evenly sprayed on the dry powder mixture, and stirring is continued. After the end, a crude light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is obtained; M2. Granulation: The crude product of the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer is transferred to a particle collision granulator for granulation, and then transferred to a fluidized bed dryer for drying. After drying, it is cooled to obtain the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer.

9. The method for preparing the light carbon silicon humic acid compound fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The concentration of humic acid solution in M1 is 10-20wt%; the rotation speed of particle collision granulator in M2 is 15-50rpm, the granulation temperature is 50-70℃, the pressure is 10-20MPa, the drying temperature of fluidized bed dryer is 60-80℃, and the wind speed is 0.5-2.0m / s.

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