Land-based culture methods for Pinctada martensii

Abstract

This invention discloses a land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, comprising the following steps: 1) injecting artificial seawater into a pearl-forming pond; 2) placing Pinctada martensii oysters that have already undergone nucleus implantation and a resting period into the pearl-forming pond. Different feeds are provided during the spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons. Pearls can be harvested after 3-18 months of culture. This method achieves a nacre thickness of 0.249-0.510 mm after 3 months of land-based culture of Pinctada martensii, with a survival rate ≥98% during the care period and ≥95% during the pearl-forming period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of Pinctada martensii aquaculture. More specifically, this invention relates to a land-based aquaculture method for Pinctada martensii. Background Technology

[0002] Pinctada martensii, belonging to the phylum Mollusca, class Bivalvia, order Phoebe, family Phoebe, and genus Phoebe, is an important mollusc for cultivating seawater pearls. The pearls produced by Pinctada martensii are known as "South Sea Pearls." Seawater pearls cultivated from Pinctada martensii account for over 95% of China's total seawater pearl production and possess extremely high economic value.

[0003] Currently, in the aquaculture of South my country Sea pearls, the risks are greatly increased due to the impact of wind and waves, varying degrees of pollution, and numerous diseases in the aquaculture areas. Pearls are often harvested before the cultivation period is even one year, and the nacre layer is still thin, resulting in low production efficiency and poor economic returns. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to cultivate Pinctada martensii in artificial seawater in land-based pearl cultivation ponds. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems and to provide at least the advantages that will be described later.

[0005] One object of the present invention is to provide a land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, which enables the cultivation of Pinctada martensii in a pearl-bearing pond using artificial seawater and promotes the rapid growth of pearl nacre.

[0006] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, a land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0007] 1) Artificial seawater is injected into the pearl cultivation pool;

[0008] 2) Place the pearl oysters that have been implanted with nuclei and have undergone rest into the pearl breeding pond. Feed them different feeds in spring, summer and autumn during the breeding period. After 3-18 months of breeding, the pearls can be harvested.

[0009] Preferably, the artificial seawater has a dissolved oxygen of 5.70-9.0 mg / L, a chemical oxygen demand of 0.18-1.2 mg / L, and a pH of 7.85-8.5.

[0010] Preferably, the artificial seawater contains the following raw material components at the following concentrations: sodium chloride 16-32 mg / L, chlorophyll a 0.0002-0.007 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 0.003-0.150 mg / L, nitrite 0.0000-0.0010 mg / L, nitrate 0.000-0.01 mg / L, copper 0.0002-0.0016 mg / L, zinc 0.0003-0.0420 mg / L, and cadmium 0.00001-0.0 0.0030 mg / L, total phosphorus 0.008-0.020 mg / L, chromium 0.0001 mg / L-0.4 mg / L, calcium carbonate 0.001-0.2 mg / L, boron 0.0001-4.4 mg / L, magnesium 0.0001-1.28 g / L, strontium 0.0001-7.0 mg / L, iron 0.001-0.2 mg / L, molybdenum 0.0001-0.0002 mg / L, manganese 0.0001-0.001 mg / L.

[0011] Preferably, the water temperature in the pearl cultivation pond is 26-29℃.

[0012] Preferably, the nucleated Pinctada martensii oysters are placed in cages and hung on bamboo rafts in the pearl cultivation pond for cultivation. The cages are 0.8-1 meters above the water surface, and the distance between the cages is 0.5-1.0 meters.

[0013] Preferably, the method of feeding Pinctada martensii in the pearl breeding pond is to feed them three times a day: in the morning, feed them 50-3000g of algae per 10,000 Pinctada martensii; at noon, feed them 50-3000g of algae and 0.1-1kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii; and in the evening, feed them 0.5-1.5kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii.

[0014] Specifically, when pearl culturing takes place in spring, the algae introduced are green algae and diatoms, with 50-500g of green algae and 50-500g of diatoms fed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

[0015] When pearl cultivation takes place in summer, the algae added are 250-1000g of green algae and 250-1000g of blue-green algae.

[0016] When pearl cultivation takes place in autumn, the algae added are 500-1500g of green algae and 500-1500g of blue-green algae.

[0017] When pearl cultivation takes place in winter, the algae introduced are 10-100g of *Chlamydomonas aeruginosa*, 10-50g of *Symplocos nigra*, 10-100g of *Syngonium spicata*, 10-100g of *Dendrobium nobile*, and 10-100g of *Hydrocotyle spp.*

[0018] When pearl cultivation takes place in spring, the first artificial feed should contain ≤35% protein and ≤5% fat; the first artificial feed should include green algae and diatoms.

[0019] When pearl cultivation takes place in summer, the second artificial feed should have a protein content of ≥35% and a fat content of ≥5%; the second artificial feed should include green algae and blue-green algae.

[0020] When pearl cultivation takes place in autumn, the third artificial feed should contain ≥50% protein and ≥6% fat; the third artificial feed should include green algae and blue-green algae.

[0021] When pearl cultivation takes place in winter, the fourth artificial feed should contain ≥60% protein and ≥7% fat; the fourth artificial feed should include green algae.

[0022] Preferably, the first artificial feed contains 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of diatoms, 0-35 parts of soybean protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part of superphosphate, 0.5-1 part of bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts of compound vitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite, and 1-3 parts of sea stone.

[0023] The second artificial feed contains 10-20 parts green algae, 10-20 parts blue algae, 35-50 parts soybean protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part superphosphate, 0.5-1 part bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts compound vitamins, 1-3 parts bentonite, and 1-3 parts sea stone.

[0024] The third artificial feed contains 10-20 parts green algae, 10-20 parts blue algae, 55-60 parts soybean protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part superphosphate, 0.5-1 part bone meal, 0.3-0.6 parts compound vitamins, 1-3 parts bentonite, and 1-3 parts sea stone.

[0025] The fourth artificial feed contains 10-30 parts of green algae, 62-70 parts of soybean protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 5.0-10.0 parts of earthworm powder, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part of superphosphate, 0.5-1 part of bone meal, 0.3-0.6 parts of compound vitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite, and 1-3 parts of sea stone.

[0026] Preferably, the green algae are one or more of Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Discella, and Crescentella; the diatoms are one or more of Flat Algae, Round Screen Algae, Feathered Algae, Boat-shaped Algae, and Rhizosphere Algae; and the cyanobacteria are one or more of Spirulina, Thread Algae, Sheath Algae, Microcystis, and Arthropoda.

[0027] Preferably, the method for inserting a nucleus into the pearl oyster Pinctada martensii includes the following steps:

[0028] 1) Place the Pinctada martensii oysters in a mesh cage and temporarily keep them in artificial seawater for 10-20 days without feeding them in order to reduce their fat content.

[0029] 2) Sterilize the pearl nucleus with ozone, insert the sterilized pearl nucleus into the nacreous sac of Pinctada martensii, and attach a small membrane piece to the surface of the pearl nucleus to obtain a Pinctada martensii with inserted nucleus.

[0030] Preferably, the method for resting the Pinctada martensii after nucleation is to place the Pinctada martensii in a care and rearing cage for 15-30 days after the operation, with the water temperature for resting and rearing being 25-28℃, and then release them into the pearl breeding pond after the resting period.

[0031] During the first three days, the animals were fed once in the morning and once in the evening, with 1 liter of liquid feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii each time. The first liquid feed was prepared by dissolving 20g of peptone and 100mg of vitamin C in 1000ml of distilled water.

[0032] From day 4 to 7, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters 100mg of vitamin C, 50g of legume protein powder, and 20g of peptone in the morning.

[0033] At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii with 30g of Spirulina active peptides and 100mg of Vitamin C; in the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii with 100mg of Vitamin C and 50g of soy protein powder.

[0034] From day 8 to 12, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C, and 20g of peptone in the morning. The mung bean powder contains 1-2% fat and 30-35% protein. At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 30g of spirulina active peptides and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of fat-free soy protein powder.

[0035] From day 13 to 15, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C, and 20g of peptone in the morning. The mung bean powder contains 1-3% fat and 35-40% protein. At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 40g of spirulina active peptides and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of legume protein powder.

[0036] From day 16 to 30, feed once in the morning, noon and evening. Each time, feed 100mg of vitamin C, 100g of legume protein powder, 30g of peptone, 50g of mung bean powder and 40g of diatoms per 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

[0037] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0038] First, this invention is the first to realize the cultivation of Pinctada martensii in a pearl-bearing pond using artificial seawater, with a survival rate of ≥98% during the care period and ≥95% during the pearl-bearing period.

[0039] Secondly, the Pinctada martensii cultured by the method of the present invention has the characteristics of rapid growth, plump snail meat, and can significantly promote the thickening of the nacre layer.

[0040] Third, the addition of bentonite and sea stone to artificial feed in this invention promotes the healthy growth of Pinctada martensii and purifies water quality.

[0041] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a photograph of Pinctada martensii cultured in spring according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a photograph of Pinctada martensii cultured in summer according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a photograph of Pinctada martensii cultured in autumn according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a photograph of Pinctada martensii cultured in winter according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a photograph of Pinctada martensii cultured during the autumn-winter season according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a photograph of Pinctada martensii cultured during the winter-spring season according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a photograph of Pinctada martensii cultured during the spring and summer seasons of this invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a photograph of Pinctada martensii cultured during the summer and autumn seasons according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0051] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0052] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following implementation plan are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials described are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0053] A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii includes the following steps:

[0054] 1) Artificial seawater is injected into the pearl cultivation pool;

[0055] 2) Place the pearl oysters that have been implanted with nuclei and have undergone rest into the pearl breeding pond. Feed them different feeds in spring, summer and autumn during the breeding period. After 3-18 months of breeding, the pearls can be harvested.

[0056] In another embodiment, the artificial seawater has dissolved oxygen of 5.70-9.0 mg / L, chemical oxygen demand of 0.18-1.2 mg / L, and pH of 7.85-8.5.

[0057] In another embodiment, the artificial seawater contains the following raw material components at concentrations of: sodium chloride 16-32 mg / L, chlorophyll a 0.0002-0.007 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 0.003-0.150 mg / L, nitrite 0.0000-0.0010 mg / L, nitrate 0.000-0.01 mg / L, copper 0.0002-0.0016 mg / L, zinc 0.0003-0.0420 mg / L, cadmium 0.00001-0.00030 mg / L, and total phosphorus 0. The concentrations of copper, zinc, cadmium, phosphorus, chromium, boron, magnesium, strontium, iron, molybdenum, and manganese are all determined by mass. Copper can be in the form of copper chloride, copper sulfate, or other copper ion salts. Zinc can be in the form of zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, or other zinc ion salts. Cadmium can be in the form of cadmium chloride, cadmium sulfate, or other cadmium ion salts. Phosphorus can be in the form of phosphate salts, hydrogen phosphate salts, or dihydrogen phosphate salts. Chromium can be in the form of chromium salts such as potassium chromate. Boron can be in the form of boric acid or borates. Magnesium can be in the form of magnesium salts such as magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate. Strontium can be in the form of strontium nitrate and strontium chloride. Iron can be in the form of ferric chloride. Molybdenum can be in the form of molybdenum salts such as sodium molybdate. Manganese can be in the form of magnesium sulfate.

[0058] In another embodiment, the water temperature in the pearl cultivation tank is 26-29°C.

[0059] In another embodiment, the nucleated Pinctada martensii oysters are placed in cages and hung on bamboo rafts in a pearl-producing pond for cultivation. The cages are 0.8-1 meters above the water surface, and the distance between the cages is 0.5-1.0 meters.

[0060] In another embodiment, the method of raising Pinctada martensii in the pearl-bearing pond is to feed them three times a day: in the morning, feed them 50-500g of algae per 10,000 Pinctada martensii; at noon, feed them 50-500g of algae and 0.1-1.0kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii; and in the evening, feed them 0.5-1.5kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii.

[0061] Specifically, when pearl culturing takes place in spring, the algae introduced are green algae and diatoms, with 50-500g of green algae and 50-500g of diatoms fed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

[0062] When pearl cultivation takes place in summer, the algae added are 250-1000g of green algae and 250-1000g of blue-green algae.

[0063] When pearl cultivation takes place in autumn, the algae added are 500-1500g of green algae and 500-1500g of blue-green algae.

[0064] During the pearl-bearing season in winter, the algae introduced are 10-100g of *Chlamydomonas aeruginosa*, 10-50g of *Syngonium spp.*, 10-100g of *Syngonium spp.*, 10-100g of *Syngonium spp.*, and 10-100g of *Hydrocotyle spp.*. In spring, the algae introduced are green algae and diatoms, with 50-100g of green algae and 50-100g of diatoms per 10,000 *Pinctada martensii* oysters.

[0065] When pearl cultivation takes place in spring, the first artificial feed should contain ≤35% protein and ≤5% fat; the first artificial feed should include green algae and diatoms.

[0066] When pearl cultivation takes place in summer, the second artificial feed should have a protein content of ≥35% and a fat content of ≥5%; the second artificial feed should include green algae and blue-green algae.

[0067] When pearl cultivation takes place in autumn, the third artificial feed should contain ≥50% protein and ≥6% fat; the third artificial feed should include green algae and blue-green algae.

[0068] When pearl cultivation takes place in winter, the fourth artificial feed should contain ≥60% protein and ≥7% fat; the fourth artificial feed should include green algae.

[0069] In this embodiment, when pearl cultivation is carried out in spring, the feeding method for spring is followed, that is, the algae introduced in spring are green algae and diatoms, and the first feed is provided. When pearl cultivation is carried out in summer, the feeding method for summer is followed. When pearl cultivation is carried out in autumn, the feeding method for autumn is followed. When pearl cultivation is carried out in winter, the feeding method for winter is followed. If the cultivation period spans multiple seasons, the feeding method for the corresponding season is followed.

[0070] In another embodiment, the first artificial feed contains 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of diatoms, 0-35 parts of soybean protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 parts of vegetable fat (soybean oil), 0.5-1 part of superphosphate, 0.5-1 part of bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts of compound vitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite, and 1-3 parts of sea stone.

[0071] The second artificial feed contains 10-20 parts green algae, 10-20 parts blue algae, 35-50 parts soybean protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts vegetable fat (soybean oil), 0.5-1 part superphosphate, 0.5-1 part bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts compound vitamins, 1-3 parts bentonite, and 1-3 parts sea stone.

[0072] The third artificial feed contains 10-20 parts green algae, 10-20 parts blue algae, 55-60 parts soybean protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part superphosphate, 0.5-1 part bone meal, 0.3-0.6 parts compound vitamins, 1-3 parts bentonite, and 1-3 parts sea stone.

[0073] The fourth artificial feed contains 10-30 parts green algae, 62-70 parts soybean protein powder, 7-10 parts fat, 1.0-5.0 parts lecithin, 5.0-10.0 parts earthworm powder, 3.0-4.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part superphosphate, 0.5-1 part bone meal, 0.3-0.6 parts compound vitamins, 1-3 parts bentonite, and 1-3 parts sea stone.

[0074] In another embodiment, the green algae are one or more of Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Discella, and Crescentella; the diatoms are one or more of Flat Algae, Round Screen Algae, Feathered Algae, Boat-shaped Algae, and Rhizosphere Algae; and the cyanobacteria are one or more of Spirulina, Thread Algae, Sheath Algae, Microcystis, and Arthropoda.

[0075] In another embodiment, the method for inserting a nucleus into the pearl oyster Pinctada martensii includes the following steps:

[0076] 1) Place the Pinctada martensii oysters in a mesh cage and temporarily keep them in artificial seawater for 10-20 days without feeding them in order to reduce their fat content.

[0077] 2) Sterilize the pearl nucleus with ozone, insert the sterilized pearl nucleus into the nacreous sac of Pinctada martensii, and attach a small membrane piece to the surface of the pearl nucleus to obtain a Pinctada martensii with inserted nucleus.

[0078] In another embodiment, the method for resting the pearl oysters with inserted nuclei is to place them in a nursing and rearing cage for 15-30 days after the operation, with the water temperature for resting and rearing being 25-28℃, and then release them into the pearl breeding pond after the resting period.

[0079] During the first three days, the animals were fed once in the morning and once in the evening, with 1 liter of liquid feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii each time. The first liquid feed was prepared by dissolving 20g of peptone and 100mg of vitamin C in 1000ml of distilled water.

[0080] From day 4 to 7, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters 100mg of vitamin C, 50g of legume protein powder, and 20g of peptone in the morning.

[0081] At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii with 30g of Spirulina active peptides and 100mg of Vitamin C; in the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii with 100mg of Vitamin C and 50g of soy protein powder.

[0082] From day 8 to 12, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C, and 20g of peptone in the morning. The mung bean powder contains 1-2% fat and 30-35% protein. At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 30g of spirulina active peptides and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of fat-free soy protein powder.

[0083] From day 13 to 15, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C, and 20g of peptone in the morning. The mung bean powder contains 1-3% fat and 35-40% protein. At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 40g of spirulina active peptides and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of legume protein powder.

[0084] From day 16 to 30, feed once in the morning, noon and evening. Each time, feed 100mg of vitamin C, 100g of legume protein powder, 30g of peptone, 50g of mung bean powder and 40g of diatoms per 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

[0085] <Example 1>

[0086] A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii includes the following steps:

[0087] 1. Construct a pearl breeding pond

[0088] Pearl cultivation tanks are located indoors, are circular or rectangular, and have a volume of 30m³. 3 The water depth is 2m. The pearl cultivation pool is made with anti-seepage measures. The pearl cultivation pool is equipped with a constant temperature system to regulate the water temperature. The constant temperature system includes a ground pump and a spiral pipe. The spiral pipe is installed on the bottom and wall of the pool. The spiral pipe is connected to geothermal circulating water and a water curtain to achieve a constant water temperature of 27±1.5℃.

[0089] 2. Configure aquaculture water bodies

[0090] The aquaculture water is artificial seawater, with dissolved oxygen of 7.0 mg / L, chemical oxygen demand of 0.3 mg / L, and pH of 8.0. The artificial seawater contains sodium chloride 25 mg / L, chlorophyll a 0.0005 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 0.008 mg / L, nitrite 0.0005 mg / L, nitrate 0.005 mg / L, copper 0.0012 mg / L, zinc 0.0003 mg / L, cadmium 0.00010 mg / L, total phosphorus 0.008 mg / L, chromium 0.01 mg / L, calcium carbonate 0.001 mg / L, boron 0.05 mg / L, magnesium 0.5 g / L, strontium 0.5 mg / L, iron 0.1 mg / L, molybdenum 0.0001 mg / L, and manganese 0.0005 mg / L.

[0091] The aquaculture water is connected to the purification tank via a water pump. The water is then purified and filtered through plant roots and filters in the purification tank before being returned to the pearl breeding tank to maintain stable water quality and achieve zero wastewater discharge.

[0092] 3. Nucleus implantation in Pinctada martensii

[0093] Pinctada martensii was placed in a mesh cage and temporarily kept in artificial seawater for 15 days without being fed in order to reduce fat. The pearl nucleus was then disinfected with ozone, and the disinfected pearl nucleus was implanted into the nacreous sac of the Pinctada martensii. A small membrane was then attached to the surface of the pearl nucleus to obtain a Pinctada martensii with a nucleus inserted.

[0094] 4. Rest and recuperation of Pinctada martensii oysters

[0095] The method for resting the Pinctada martensii after nucleus insertion is to place the Pinctada martensii in a nursing and rearing cage for 30 days after the operation, with the water temperature for resting and rearing being 27±1.5℃. After the resting period, they are released into the pearl breeding pond for further rearing.

[0096] During the first three days, the animals were fed once in the morning and once in the evening, with 1 liter of liquid feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii each time. The first liquid feed was prepared by dissolving 20g of peptone and 100mg of vitamin C in 1000ml of distilled water.

[0097] From day 4 to 7, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters 100mg of vitamin C, 50g of legume protein powder, and 20g of peptone in the morning.

[0098] At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii with 30g of Spirulina active peptides and 100mg of Vitamin C; in the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii with 100mg of Vitamin C and 50g of soy protein powder.

[0099] From day 8 to 12, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C, and 20g of peptone in the morning. The mung bean powder contains 1-2% fat and 30-35% protein. At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 30g of spirulina active peptides and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of fat-free soy protein powder.

[0100] From day 13 to 15, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C, and 20g of peptone in the morning. The mung bean powder contains 1-3% fat and 35-40% protein. At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 40g of spirulina active peptides and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of legume protein powder.

[0101] From day 16 to 30, feed once in the morning, noon and evening. Each time, feed 100mg of vitamin C, 100g of legume protein powder, 30g of peptone, 50g of mung bean powder and 40g of diatoms per 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

[0102] 5. Pearl farming of Pinctada martensii

[0103] The implanted Pinctada martensii oysters were placed in cages and hung on bamboo rafts in the pearl-producing pond for cultivation. The cages were 0.8-1 meters above the water surface, and the distance between the cages was 0.5-1.0 meters. The Pinctada martensii oysters were fed three times a day in the pearl-producing pond: 150g of algae per 10,000 oysters in the morning, 150g of algae and 0.5kg of artificial feed per 10,000 oysters at noon, and 1kg of artificial feed per 10,000 oysters in the evening.

[0104] Specifically, the pearl-bearing time for Pinctada martensii is in the spring, from March to May. The algae introduced in the spring are green algae and diatoms. 100g of green algae and 50g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii, that is, 100g of green algae and 50g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii in the morning and at noon.

[0105] The first artificial feed introduced in spring; this first artificial feed includes green algae and diatoms;

[0106] The first artificial feed contains 10 parts chlorella, 20 parts diatoms, 20 parts soybean protein powder, 1.0 part lecithin, 3.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part vegetable fat, 0.5 parts superphosphate, 0.5 parts bone meal, 0.5 parts compound vitamins, 1 part bentonite, and 1 part sea stone.

[0107] Green algae are Chlorella; diatoms are planophytes.

[0108] The Pinctada martensii cultured in this embodiment had a survival rate of 95% after 3 months of pearl cultivation, and the shells showed good growth, with the oysters growing from 6.5cm to 7.0cm in size. Figure 1 As shown.

[0109] <Example 2>

[0110] A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, which differs from <Example 1> in that the pearl-bearing time is in summer, i.e., from June to August, and the algae added in summer are 500g of green algae and 500g of blue algae, i.e., 500g of green algae and 500g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii in the morning and at noon each time.

[0111] The second artificial feed is provided in summer; this second artificial feed includes green algae and blue-green algae.

[0112] The second artificial feed contains 20 parts green algae, 20 parts blue algae, 40 parts soybean protein powder, 3.0 parts lecithin, 3.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2.0 parts vegetable fat, 0.5 parts superphosphate, 0.5 parts bone meal, 0.5 parts compound vitamins, 1 part bentonite and 1 part sea stone.

[0113] Green algae are Chlorella; blue algae are Spirulina.

[0114] The Pinctada martensii cultured in this embodiment had a survival rate of 96% after 3 months of pearl cultivation, and the shells showed good growth, with the oysters growing from 6.2cm to 7.4cm in size. Figure 2 As shown.

[0115] <Example 3>

[0116] A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, which differs from <Example 1>, is that the pearl-bearing time is in autumn, i.e., from September to November. The algae added in autumn are 1000g of green algae and 1000g of blue algae, i.e., 1000g of green algae and 1000g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii in the morning and at noon.

[0117] The third artificial feed was introduced in autumn; this third artificial feed included green algae and blue-green algae.

[0118] The third artificial feed contains 10 parts green algae, 10 parts blue algae, 55 parts soybean protein powder, 5.0 parts lecithin, 4.0 parts yeast powder, 3.0 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.0 parts vegetable fat, 1 part superphosphate, 1 part bone meal, 0.6 parts compound vitamins, 2 parts bentonite and 2 parts sea stone.

[0119] Green algae are Chlorella; blue algae are Spirulina.

[0120] The Pinctada martensii cultured in this embodiment had a survival rate of 96% after 3 months of pearl cultivation, and the shells showed good growth, with the oysters growing from 6.0cm to 7.8cm in size. Figure 3 As shown.

[0121] <Example 4>

[0122] A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, differing from <Example 1> in that the pearl cultivation period is during winter, from November to February of the following year.

[0123] The algae released in winter are 100g of *Snowy Grass*, 50g of *Snowy Winged Grass*, 100g of *Spicata short-spined*, 100g of *Mesophyta medina*, and 10g of *Hornweed*.

[0124] The fourth artificial feed was introduced during winter; this fourth artificial feed included green algae.

[0125] The fourth artificial feed contains 20 parts green algae, 70 parts soybean protein powder, 3.0 parts lecithin, 5.0 parts earthworm powder, 3.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.0 parts vegetable fat, 0.5 parts superphosphate, 0.5 parts bone meal, 0.3 parts compound vitamins, 1 part bentonite, and 1 part sea stone.

[0126] The green algae is Chlorella vulgaris.

[0127] The Pinctada martensii cultured in this embodiment had a survival rate of 95% after 3 months of pearl cultivation, and the shells showed good growth, with the oysters growing from 6.4cm to 7.8cm in size. Figure 4 As shown.

[0128] <Example 5>

[0129] A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, differing from <Example 1> in that the pearl cultivation period is during the autumn and winter seasons, specifically October in autumn and November to January of the following year in winter.

[0130] In autumn, the algae introduced consist of 1000g of green algae and 1000g of blue algae, that is, 1000g of green algae and 1000g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters in the morning and at noon.

[0131] The third artificial feed was introduced in autumn; this third artificial feed included green algae and blue-green algae.

[0132] The third artificial feed contains 10 parts green algae, 10 parts blue algae, 55 parts soybean protein powder, 5.0 parts lecithin, 4.0 parts yeast powder, 3.0 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.0 parts vegetable fat, 1 part superphosphate, 1 part bone meal, 0.6 parts compound vitamins, 2 parts bentonite and 2 parts sea stone.

[0133] Green algae are Chlorella; blue algae are Spirulina.

[0134] The algae released in winter are 50g each of Snowy Laminaria, Snow Spiral Winged Algae, Short-spined Top-headed Algae, Medium-banded Bulbula, and Horned Algae.

[0135] The fourth artificial feed was introduced during winter; this fourth artificial feed included green algae.

[0136] The fourth artificial feed contains 20 parts green algae, 70 parts soybean protein powder, 3.0 parts lecithin, 5.0 parts earthworm powder, 3.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.0 parts vegetable fat, 0.5 parts superphosphate, 0.5 parts bone meal, 0.3 parts compound vitamins, 1 part bentonite, and 1 part sea stone.

[0137] The green algae is Chlorella vulgaris.

[0138] The Pinctada martensii cultured in this embodiment had a survival rate of 95% after 3 months of pearl cultivation, and the shells showed good growth, with the oysters growing from 5.4cm to 6.8cm in size. Figure 5 As shown.

[0139] The sizes of Pinctada martensii oysters cultured in winter-spring, spring-summer, and summer-autumn are as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the survival rate is over 95%, and they will not be listed one by one here.

[0140] <Effectiveness Test>

[0141] I. The Influence of Feeding Method on the Nacre Thickness of Pinctada martensii

[0142] Comparative Example 1: The experimental method of Example 1 was adopted, except that only artificial feed was fed during the breeding period, and no algae were fed. The artificial feed had a protein content of ≥60% and a fat content of ≥7%. That is, artificial feed was fed three times a day. Each time, 1 kg of artificial feed was fed per 10,000 pearl oysters. The composition of the artificial feed was 70 parts soybean protein powder, 3.0 parts lecithin, 5.0 parts earthworm powder, 3.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0 part calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.0 parts vegetable fat, 0.5 parts superphosphate, 0.5 parts bone meal, 0.3 parts compound vitamins, 1 part bentonite and 1 part sea stone.

[0143] Comparative Example 2: The experimental method of Example 1 was used, except that during the breeding period, the artificial feed was a second artificial feed, that is, the second artificial feed was fed when pearls were bred in the spring.

[0144] Comparative Example 3: The experimental method of Example 1 was used, except that during the breeding period, the artificial feed was the third artificial feed, that is, the third artificial feed was fed during pearl breeding in spring.

[0145] Comparative Example 4: The experimental method of Example 1 was used, except that during the breeding period, the artificial feed was the fourth feed, that is, the fourth artificial feed was fed during pearl breeding in spring.

[0146] Comparative Example 5: The experimental method of Example 1 was used, except that the algae fed during the cultivation period was Chlorella.

[0147] Comparative Example 6: The experimental method of Example 1 was used, except that the algae fed during the cultivation period was Spirulina.

[0148] Comparative Example 7: The experimental method of Example 1 was used, except that the algae fed during the cultivation period was flat algae.

[0149] Comparative Example 8: The experimental method of Example 1 was used, except that the algae fed during the cultivation period were Snowy Algae, Snow Spiral Winged Algae, Short-spined Top-headed Algae, Medium-banded Algae, and Horned Algae.

[0150] Comparative Example 9: The experimental method of Example 1 was used, except that only algae were fed during the cultivation period, that is, 1000g of green algae and 1000g of diatoms were fed three meals a day, and no artificial feed was fed.

[0151] After three months of continuous culture, the nacre thickness of 10 Pinctada martensii oysters was measured. The distribution range of nacre thickness is shown in Table 1 below.

[0152] Table 1. Effects of feeding method on growth and nacre thickness of Pinctada martensii.

[0153] Bead thickness (mm) Bead thickness (mm) Comparative Example 1 0.120-0.231 Comparative Example 8 0.238-0.446 Comparative Example 2 0.080-0.153 Comparative Example 9 0.050-0.092 Comparative Example 3 0.162-0.263 Example 1 0.249-0.510 Comparative Example 4 0.175-0.294 Example 2 0.220-0.604 Comparative Example 5 0.219-0.422 Example 3 0.335-0.634 Comparative Example 6 0.227-0.435 Example 4 0.210-0.491 Comparative Example 7 0.210-0.432 Example 5 0.256-0.645

[0154] As shown in Table 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 1 indicate that feeding only artificial feed affects the formation of the pearl layer. Comparative Examples 2, 3, and 4 (as in Example 1) show that feeding feeds with different protein and fat contents in spring significantly affects pearl layer formation. Comparative Examples 5, 6, 7, and 8 (as in Example 1) show that feeding different algae in spring significantly affects pearl layer formation. Comparative Example 9 (as in Example 1) shows that feeding only algae without artificial feed significantly affects pearl layer formation.

[0155] II. The Influence of Copper on Bead Formation

[0156] Comparative Example 10: The test method of Example 1 was used, except that the artificial feed did not contain copper.

[0157] Comparative Example 11: The test method of Example 1 was used, except that the copper content in the artificial feed was 0.0002 mg / kg.

[0158] Comparative Example 12: The test method of Example 1 was used, except that the copper content in the artificial feed was 0.0016 mg / kg.

[0159] After three months of continuous culture, the nacre thickness of 10 Pinctada martensii oysters was measured. The distribution range of nacre thickness is shown in the table below.

[0160] Table 2. Effect of copper on bead thickness

[0161]

[0162]

[0163] As shown in Table 2, the results of Comparative Examples 10, 11, and 1 indicate that adding an appropriate amount of copper ions can promote the formation of the bead layer. The results of Comparative Examples 12 and 1 show that excessive copper addition inhibits the formation of the bead layer.

[0164] III. The Influence of Aquaculture Methods on Pearl Production Duration and Pearl Layer Thickness

[0165] Comparative Example 13: After nucleus insertion and rest, Pinctada martensii oysters were cage-cultured in the Tieshan Port waters and continued to be cultured until they were ready for pearl harvesting. The resting method was the same as in Example 1.

[0166] Comparative Example 14: After nucleus insertion and rest, Pinctada martensii oysters were cage-cultured in the Liusha Bay area and continued to be cultured until they were ready for pearl harvesting. The resting method was the same as in Example 1.

[0167] Comparative Example 15: The aquaculture method is the same as in Example 1, except that the artificial seawater is prepared using commercially available sea crystals.

[0168] The statistical results of pearl production time and nacre thickness distribution of 10 Pinctada martensii oysters are shown in Table 3.

[0169] Table 3. Effects of culture methods on pearl cultivation duration and pearl layer thickness.

[0170] Bead thickness (mm) Duration (months) Comparative Example 13 0.216-0.534 11 Comparative Example 14 0.090-0.645 8 Comparative Example 15 0.062-0.245 6 Example 1 0.249-0.510 3

[0171] As shown in Table 3, the nacre thickness of Pinctada martensii cultured for 11 months in the Tieshangang sea area ranged from 0.216 to 0.534 mm. The nacre thickness of Pinctada martensii cultured for 8 months in the Liushawan sea area ranged from 0.090 to 0.645 mm. The nacre thickness of Pinctada martensii cultured for 3 months in land-based artificial seawater ranged from 0.249 to 0.510 mm. When using ordinary sea salt, the nacre thickness was 0.062 to 0.245 mm after 6 months of culture. Therefore, it can be concluded that using the artificial seawater provided by this invention in conjunction with the feeding method of this invention can significantly shorten the pearl harvesting time and promote nacre formation.

[0172] IV. Effects of fat reduction treatment and resting period feeding on the survival rate of Pinctada martensii

[0173] Comparative Example 16: Before implantation of nuclei into Pinctada martensii, no temporary rearing to reduce fat was performed. During the temporary rearing period, the Pinctada martensii were fed Chlorella and Alternaria solani, with a dosage of 1000g Chlorella and 1000g Alternaria per 10,000 Pinctada martensii, i.e., three meals a day, with each meal containing 1000g Chlorella and 1000g Alternaria per 10,000 Pinctada martensii. After 15 days of temporary rearing, the Pinctada martensii were directly implanted with nuclei. The rearing and feeding method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0174] Comparative Example 17: The method provided in Example 1 was used for temporary rearing and implantation of nuclei. The difference was that during the rearing period, the animals were fed three times a day, morning, noon and evening. Each time, the animals were fed 100mg of vitamin C, 100g of legume protein powder, 30g of peptone, 50g of mung bean powder and 40g of diatoms per 10,000 Pinctada martensii.

[0175] The survival results of Pinctada martensii after the resting period are shown in Table 4.

[0176] Table 4. Survival rate of Pinctada martensii after the rest and care period.

[0177] Survival rate during the nursing period (%) Comparative Example 16 92 Comparative Example 17 88 Example 1 98

[0178] As shown in Table 4, the fat-reducing treatment of Pinctada martensii before implantation, combined with the feeding method during the rest period, can significantly improve the survival rate of Pinctada martensii during the rest and care period.

[0179] V. The impact of pearl cultivation methods on pearl survival rate and pearl retention success rate

[0180] Comparative Example 18: The method provided in Example 1 was used for temporary rearing, implantation, and rest. The difference was that after the rest period, the Pinctada martensii was transferred to the Tieshangang sea area for 10 months of cultivation.

[0181] Comparative Example 19: The conventional method of nucleation and rest was used, that is, healthy pearl oysters were selected and nucleation was performed according to the conventional method. After the nucleation operation was completed, the oysters were placed in a culture cage, and then the culture cage was placed in a culture pond with algae. After resting for 45 days, the pearl oysters were transferred to the Tieshangang sea area for 10 months of culture.

[0182] In this invention, each pearl oyster is fitted with two nuclei. The pearl cultivation period refers to the period from the end of the resting period to the harvesting of pearls.

[0183] Pearl survival rate (%) = Number of pearls after pearl production / Number of pearls at the beginning of pearl production * 100%.

[0184] Number of pearls successfully implanted (per oyster) = Total number of pearls harvested at the end of pearl cultivation / Number of pearl oysters with implanted pearl nuclei

[0185] Table 5. Statistical results of pearl survival rate and core retention success rate.

[0186]

[0187]

[0188] As shown in Table 5, the pearl cultivation method of the present invention can significantly improve the survival rate of Pinctada martensii during the pearl cultivation period and increase the number of successful nuclei retention.

[0189] VI. Effects of Bentonite and Marine Stone on the Survival Rate of Pinctada martensii During Pearl Breeding Period

[0190] Comparative Example 20: Pearl farming was carried out using the method provided in Example 1, except that the artificial feed did not contain bentonite and sea stone powder.

[0191] The survival rate of Pinctada martensii after 3 months of continuous culture is shown in Table 6.

[0192] Table 6 Survival rate of Pinctada martensii

[0193] Survival rate (%) Comparative Example 20 86 Example 1 95

[0194] As shown in Table 6, adding bentonite and marine stone powder to artificial feed can significantly improve the survival rate of Pinctada martensii during the pearl-bearing period.

[0195] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Artificial seawater is injected into the pearl cultivation pool; 2) Place the pearl oysters that have been implanted with nuclei and have undergone rest into the pearl breeding pond for cultivation. During the cultivation period, feed them different feeds in spring, summer, autumn and winter for 3-18 months, and then they can harvest pearls. The artificial seawater contains the following raw material components at the following concentrations: sodium chloride 16-32 mg / L, chlorophyll a 0.0002-0.007 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 0.003-0.150 mg / L, nitrite 0.0000-0.0010 mg / L, nitrate 0.000-0.01 mg / L, copper 0.0002-0.0016 mg / L, zinc 0.0003-0.0420 mg / L, cadmium 0.00001-0.00030 mg / L, total phosphorus 0.008-0.020 mg / L, chromium 0.0001 mg / L-0.4 mg / L, calcium carbonate 0.001-0.2 mg / L, boron 0.0001-4.4 mg / L, and magnesium 0.0001-1.28 mg / L. g / L, Strontium 0.0001-7.0 mg / L, Iron 0.001-0.2 mg / L, Molybdenum 0.0001-0.0002 mg / L, Manganese 0.0001-0.001 mg / L; The method of feeding Pinctada martensii in the pearl breeding pond is to feed them three times a day. In the morning, feed them 50-3000 g of algae per 10,000 Pinctada martensii. At noon, feed them 50-3000 g of algae and 0.1-1 kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii. In the evening, feed them 0.5-1.5 kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii. Specifically, when pearl cultivation takes place in spring, the algae introduced are green algae and diatoms, with 50-500 g of green algae and 50-500 g of diatoms fed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters. When pearl culturing takes place in summer, the algae introduced are green algae and blue algae. 250-1000 g of green algae and 250-1000 g of blue algae are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters. When pearl culturing takes place in autumn, the algae introduced are green algae and blue algae. 500-1500 g of green algae and 500-1500 g of blue algae are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters. When pearl culturing takes place in winter, the algae introduced are *Symplocos nigra*, *Symplocos nigra*, *Symplocos nigra*, *Symplocos nigra*, and *Herba Cactus*. For every 10,000 *Pinus massoniana*, 10-100 g of *Symplocos nigra*, 10-50 g of *Symplocos nigra*, 10-100 g of *Symplocos nigra*, 10-100 g of *Symplocos nigra*, and 10-100 g of *Herba Cactus* are fed. When pearl cultivation takes place in spring, the first artificial feed should contain ≤35% protein and ≤5% fat; the first artificial feed should include green algae and diatoms. When pearl cultivation takes place in summer, the second artificial feed should have a protein content of ≥35% and a fat content of ≥5%; the second artificial feed should include green algae and blue-green algae. When pearl cultivation takes place in autumn, the third artificial feed should contain ≥50% protein and ≥6% fat; the third artificial feed should include green algae and blue-green algae. When pearl cultivation takes place in winter, the fourth artificial feed should contain ≥60% protein and ≥7% fat; the fourth artificial feed should include green algae. The first artificial feed contains 10-20 parts green algae, 10-20 parts diatoms, 0-35 parts soybean protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 parts vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part superphosphate, 0.5-1 part bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts compound vitamins, 1-3 parts bentonite, and 1-3 parts sea stone. The second artificial feed contains 10-20 parts green algae, 10-20 parts blue algae, 35-50 parts soybean protein powder, 10-5.0 parts lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part superphosphate, 0.5-1 part bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts compound vitamins, 1-3 parts bentonite, and 1-3 parts sea stone. The third artificial feed contains 10-20 parts green algae, 10-20 parts blue algae, 55-60 parts soybean protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part superphosphate, 0.5-1 part bone meal, 0.3-0.6 parts compound vitamins, 1-3 parts bentonite, and 1-3 parts sea stone. The fourth artificial feed contains 10-30 parts of green algae, 62-70 parts of soybean protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 5.0-10.0 parts of earthworm powder, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part of superphosphate, 0.5-1 part of bone meal, 0.3-0.6 parts of compound vitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite, and 1-3 parts of sea stone.

2. The land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dissolved oxygen in artificial seawater is 5.70-9.0 mg / L, the chemical oxygen demand is 0.18-1.2 mg / L, and the pH is 7.85-8.

5.

3. The land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water temperature in the pearl cultivation pond is 26-29℃.

4. The land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pearl oysters with inserted nuclei are placed in cages and hung on bamboo rafts in the pearl cultivation pond for cultivation. The cages are 0.8-1 meters above the water surface, and the distance between the cages is 0.5-1.0 meters.

5. The land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, characterized in that, Green algae include one or more of Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Discella, and Crescentella; diatoms include one or more of Flat Algae, Round-screen Algae, Feathered Algae, Boat-shaped Algae, and Rhizosphere Algae; and cyanobacteria include one or more of Spirulina, Thread Algae, Sheath Algae, Microcystis, and Arthrophyllus.

6. The land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for inserting a nucleus into the pearl oyster (Pinctada martensii) includes the following steps: 1) Place the Pinctada martensii oysters in mesh cages and temporarily keep them in artificial seawater for 10-20 days without feeding them in order to reduce their fat content. 2) Sterilize the pearl nucleus with ozone, insert the sterilized pearl nucleus into the nacreous sac of Pinctada martensii, and attach a small membrane piece to the surface of the pearl nucleus to obtain a Pinctada martensii with inserted nucleus.

7. The land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for resting the Pinctada martensii after nucleus insertion is to place the Pinctada martensii in a nursing and rearing cage for 15-30 days after the operation, with the water temperature for resting and rearing being 25-28 ℃. After the resting period, they are released into the pearl breeding pond. During the first three days, the animals were fed once in the morning and once in the evening, with 1 liter of liquid feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii each time. The liquid feed was prepared by dissolving 20 g of peptone and 100 mg of vitamin C in 1000 ml of distilled water. From day 4 to 7, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 100 mg of vitamin C, 50 g of soy protein powder, and 20 g of peptone in the morning; feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 30 g of spirulina active peptides and 100 mg of vitamin C at noon; and feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 100 mg of vitamin C and 50 g of soy protein powder in the evening. From day 8 to 12, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 50 g of mung bean powder, 100 mg of vitamin C, and 20 g of peptone in the morning. The mung bean powder contains 1-2% fat and 30-35% protein. At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 30 g of spirulina active peptides and 100 mg of vitamin C. In the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 100 mg of vitamin C and 50 g of fat-free soy protein powder. From day 13 to 15, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 50 g of mung bean powder, 100 mg of vitamin C, and 20 g of peptone in the morning. The mung bean powder contains 1-3% fat and 35-40% protein. At noon, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 40 g of spirulina active peptides and 100 mg of vitamin C. In the evening, feed each 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters with 100 mg of vitamin C and 50 g of legume protein powder. From day 16 to 30, feed once in the morning, noon and evening. Each time, feed 100 mg of vitamin C, 100 g of legume protein powder, 30 g of peptone, 50 g of mung bean powder and 40 g of diatoms per 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

Images