Liquid fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of agricultural production. The liquid fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35%-40% of macroelements, 0.4%-1% of microelements, 1%-2% of inositol synergistic factor stock solution, 0.5%-1% of polyglutamic acid stock solution, 0.4%-0.5% of auxiliaries and the balance of water. The liquid fertilizer prepared by the invention is stable in performance and does not generate flatulence layering; the inositol synergistic factor stock solution added into the liquid fertilizer is high in activity, wide in source and low in price; the preparation method of the liquid fertilizer is simple and high in production efficiency; the yield and the quality of crops are favorably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production, and in particular to a liquid fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Liquid fertilizers are gaining more and more attention due to their advantages such as low production cost, high nutrient content, easy compounding, direct absorption by crops, convenient fertilization and mechanized fertilization, etc. Liquid water-soluble fertilizer products have the characteristics of new fertilizer development. The advantages of liquid fertilizers are mainly reflected in low production cost, low investment, no dust and smoke during production and transportation, easy application, direct absorption by crops, precise fertilization, easy application, saving water, reducing manpower expenditure and material consumption, etc.

[0003] Existing liquid fertilizers have many problems, such as low nutrient content, easy flatulence and stratification, poor functionality, and single product. In addition, the source of organic matter is single and expensive, and the investment in production equipment is large, the production process is complex, and the cost is high.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a liquid fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid fertilizer, wherein the liquid fertilizer comprises the following components by mass percentage:

[0008] 35%-40% macroelements, 0.4%-1% trace elements, 1%-2% inositol synergistic factor stock solution, 0.5%-1% polyglutamic acid stock solution, 0.4%-0.5% auxiliary agent and the balance water.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing the liquid fertilizer as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0010] The auxiliary agent and the macro-element are mixed to prepare a first blend for later use;

[0011] The trace elements, the inositol synergistic factor stock solution, the polyglutamic acid stock solution and water are mixed and reacted to prepare a second blend;

[0012] The first blend and the second blend are mixed and reacted to prepare liquid fertilizer.

[0013] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an application of the liquid fertilizer as described above in agricultural production.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The liquid fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the present invention has stable performance and does not produce flatulence and stratification; the inositol synergistic factor stock solution added to the liquid fertilizer has high activity, wide source and low price. The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer is simple and has high production efficiency. The liquid fertilizer has high utilization rate in agricultural production and is beneficial to improving the yield and quality of crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0017] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid fertilizer, wherein the liquid fertilizer comprises the following components by mass percentage:

[0018] 35%-40% macroelements, 0.4%-1% trace elements, 1%-2% inositol synergistic factor stock solution, 0.5%-1% polyglutamic acid stock solution, 0.4%-0.5% auxiliary agent and the balance water.

[0019] The liquid fertilizer prepared by the present invention effectively solves the technical problems of single product function, product flatulence and stratification, high price and complicated preparation process of liquid fertilizer, and better applies the inositol synergistic factor stock solution to high-concentration liquid fertilizer, which can effectively improve the yield and quality of crops.

[0020] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the inositol synergist stock solution comprises, by mass percentage, 70%-90% inositol and 10%-30% amino acids; wherein the amino acids are plant-derived amino acids, which include 25%-35% free amino acids and the remainder water.

[0021] Inositol (myo-inositol) is an organic compound similar to vitamin B and is widely used in many fields. One of its application areas is in agriculture, because the physiological function of inositol can improve the yield and quality of crops. The specific characteristics of inositol when used in agricultural production are as follows:

[0022] (1) Improve crop tolerance: In crops such as rice and wheat, inositol can improve their ability to resist drought, cold and adversity. This is because inositol can regulate ion channels and plasma membrane permeability in crops to maintain the balance of water and nutrients, thereby enhancing the tolerance of plants.

[0023] (2) Improve yield and quality: Inositol can also affect the pollen germination, pollen tube elongation and fruit development of crops to improve yield and quality. For example, adding an appropriate amount of inositol to tomatoes can increase their fruit weight and sugar content.

[0024] (3) Enhanced pest and disease control effects: Inositol can enhance crop immunity and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. Some studies have shown that in corn and soybean cultivation, the addition of inositol can reduce the extent to which plants are attacked by corn borers and aphids.

[0025] (4) Improve fertilizer utilization efficiency: In the case of fertilizer deficiency or excess, inositol can promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by crops, thereby improving fertilization efficiency. In addition, inositol can also reduce the absorption of heavy metals in the environment by crops and reduce the residual amount of pollutants in the soil.

[0026] Plant-derived amino acids refer to substances containing amino acids extracted from plants. They usually come from plant seeds, powder or other plant parts. Plant-derived amino acids have certain nutritional value and can provide organisms with necessary amino acids to promote growth, development and metabolic functions.

[0027] Specifically, the characteristics of plant-derived amino acids in plant fertilizers mainly include the following aspects:

[0028] (1) Plant-derived amino acids can increase the chlorophyll content of plants, improve the ability of crops to absorb and utilize carbon dioxide, and thus enhance the efficiency of photosynthesis, such as glycine;

[0029] (2) It can be directly absorbed and used by plants without going through a conversion process, so the fertilizer effect is faster and plants can obtain obvious results in a short period of time;

[0030] (3) It can improve the quality of crops, such as increasing the protein content of grain crops, improving the quality of cotton fluff, and improving the taste of vegetables;

[0031] (4) It can enhance the physiological and biochemical functions of plants, improve their resistance to stress, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests;

[0032] (5) It can increase the density and surface area of ​​crop roots, improve the efficiency of plant nutrient absorption, enable crops to use water more effectively, and reduce water waste.

[0033] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the macroelements include 3%-20% nitrogen, 3%-20% phosphorus and 3%-20% potassium in percentage by mass; further, the total nutrient concentration of the macroelements in the liquid fertilizer is ≥500g / L.

[0034] It should be noted that the functions of macroelements in liquid fertilizers mainly include promoting crop growth and development, increasing yield and quality, improving soil quality, preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases, and enhancing crop resistance.

[0035] Among them, nitrogen promotes leaf growth and photosynthesis, and accelerates seedling growth. The nitrogen element is provided by nitrogen fertilizer, and the nitrogen fertilizer is selected from at least one of urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.

[0036] Phosphorus is involved in energy conversion and cell division, and promotes flower bud differentiation. Phosphorus is provided by phosphate fertilizer, which is selected from at least one of industrial monoammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid and ammonium polyphosphate.

[0037] Potassium enhances stress resistance, promotes fruit enlargement and sweetening and color change. Potassium is provided by potassium fertilizer, which is selected from at least one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0038] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the trace elements include, by mass percentage, 0.2%-0.3% boron, 0.1%-0.3% zinc, 0.05%-0.2% manganese and 0.05%-0.2% iron.

[0039] It should be noted that trace elements are essential elements for plant growth and development. Adding trace elements to liquid fertilizers has the following characteristics:

[0040] (1) Participate in important physiological processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and protein synthesis. For example, manganese is an important component of the plant enzyme system and can activate important metabolic reactions in plants, especially participate in photosynthesis, assist in the synthesis of chlorophyll, promote seed germination and early growth of seedlings, thereby promoting plant photosynthesis, providing plants with sufficient nutrition, and enhancing the growth and development ability of plants. In addition, manganese plays an important role in plant respiration and carbohydrate hydrolysis, and is beneficial to protein synthesis.

[0041] (2) Improve the balance of inorganic nutrients in crops and significantly increase crop yield and quality. For example, boron can promote the elongation of pollen tubes and increase fruit setting rate; zinc can promote plant photosynthesis and improve photosynthetic efficiency.

[0042] (3) Strengthen the plant's immune system and improve its resistance to diseases and insect pests. For example, iron is involved in the synthesis of chlorophyll, and iron deficiency can cause leaf yellowing; copper can enhance the plant's disease resistance.

[0043] (4) Regulate soil pH and nutrient balance, improve soil structure, reduce fertilizer loss, and thus reduce environmental pollution.

[0044] If a plant lacks certain trace elements, it will grow slowly, its leaves will turn yellow, and its fruits will become smaller. For example, iron deficiency will cause yellowing of leaves, and zinc deficiency will cause plant growth to be stunted. Manganese deficiency will cause the edges of crop leaves to turn yellow and white, affecting the growth and development of crops.

[0045] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary agent includes, by mass percentage: 0.3%-0.35% suspending agent and 0.1%-0.15% synergist.

[0046] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the suspending agent is selected from at least one of xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, agar, sodium alginate and guar gum; the synergist is selected from at least one of DA-6, sodium nitrophenolate, yield-increasing amine and brassinolide.

[0047] It should be noted that the suspending agent added to liquid fertilizer can improve the suspension capacity of nutrients and prevent nutrient precipitation and stratification; the synergist can promote the plant to absorb effective nutrients.

[0048] If liquid fertilizer produces swell and stratification, the nutrients will be released unevenly, resulting in weakened fertilizer absorption and reduced utilization rate. It may cause excess or deficiency of nutrients, and the plants may not be able to obtain enough nutrients, resulting in stunted growth and development, and may even cause root rot and death, affecting the normal absorption and growth and development of the plants. In addition, the swollen fertilizer requires adjustment of the dosage and application time, which increases the complexity and cost of fertilization.

[0049] The polyglutamic acid stock solution is used as a nutrient slow-release agent, which is beneficial to prolonging the fertilizer release time and reducing nutrient loss. The polyglutamic acid stock solution is added to the liquid fertilizer, which has strong hydrophilicity and water retention capacity, can form a thin film on the surface of plant root hairs to protect the root system, and at the same time, it can serve as a transport platform to improve the effective absorption of nutrients and water; it can form complexes with trace elements in the soil to promote the effective absorption of these elements, thereby improving the utilization rate of fertilizers; in addition, the polyglutamic acid stock solution can balance the soil pH value, avoid the acidic soil problem caused by long-term use of chemical fertilizers, and can chelate toxic heavy metals such as Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ 、Cd 2+ Cr 3+ 、Al 3+ and As 4+ etc., thereby reducing soil pollution.

[0050] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing the liquid fertilizer as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0051] The auxiliary agent and the macro-element are mixed to prepare a first blend for later use;

[0052] The trace elements, the inositol synergistic factor stock solution, the polyglutamic acid stock solution and water are mixed and reacted to prepare a second blend;

[0053] The first blend and the second blend are mixed and reacted to prepare liquid fertilizer.

[0054] It should be noted that the first blend, the second blend and the liquid fertilizer are stirred during the preparation process to facilitate the full dissolution of the substances, and the specific stirring speed is reasonably adjusted according to the actual amount of material to be processed.

[0055] Since the amount of adjuvant used is relatively small, it is first mixed with the macro-elements to form a uniform mixture; and then mixed with the second blend, which is beneficial to the uniformity and stability of the final liquid fertilizer.

[0056] The water used in preparing liquid fertilizer can be deionized water, purified water, mineral water or tap water according to actual needs.

[0057] The first blend and the second blend are mixed and reacted without heating, utilizing the residual heat in the second blend.

[0058] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the reaction temperature for preparing the second blend is 50° C.-60° C., and the reaction time is 25 min-45 min; the reaction time for preparing the liquid fertilizer is 25 min-40 min.

[0059] The preparation method also includes packaging the liquid fertilizer after it is cooled to room temperature.

[0060] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an application of the liquid fertilizer as described above in agricultural production.

[0061] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] This embodiment provides a liquid fertilizer, and the preparation steps thereof include the following:

[0064] (1) 0.4% of the auxiliary agent and 37% of the macro-element are mixed in proportion to prepare a first blend for later use.

[0065] Wherein, by mass percentage, the auxiliary agent includes 0.3% xanthan gum and 0.1% DA-6.

[0066] The macroelements include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. In terms of mass percentage, the corresponding substances added are: 17.5% urea, 21% ammonium nitrate, 11.6% industrial monoammonium phosphate and 21.2% potassium sulfate.

[0067] (2) 0.8% trace elements, 1% inositol synergistic factor stock solution, 0.5% polyglutamic acid stock solution and 23.5% water were mixed in proportion and reacted at a reaction temperature of 55° C. for 30 min. Stirring was performed during the reaction at a stirring speed of 180 rpm / min to obtain a second blend.

[0068] Among them, trace elements include boron, zinc, manganese and iron. Calculated by mass percentage, the corresponding added substances are: 1.5% borax, 1.0% zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.3% manganese sulfate monohydrate and 0.5% ferrous sulfate heptahydrate.

[0069] The inositol synergistic factor stock solution comprises 80% inositol and 20% amino acids, wherein the amino acids comprise 30% free amino acids and the remainder water.

[0070] In other embodiments of the present invention, the types and addition amounts of inositol and amino acids in the inositol synergistic factor stock solution can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0071] (3) The first blend is added to the second blend, and the liquid fertilizer is obtained after stirring for 30 minutes using the residual heat of the reaction of the second blend.

[0072] (4) After the liquid fertilizer in (3) has cooled to room temperature, it is packaged and stored.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] This embodiment provides a liquid fertilizer, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that:

[0075] (1) 0.5% additives, 35% macroelements;

[0076] (2) 1% trace elements.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] This embodiment provides a liquid fertilizer, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that:

[0079] (1) 0.5% additive;

[0080] (2) 2% inositol synergistic factor stock solution, 1% polyglutamic acid stock solution.

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] This comparative example provides a liquid fertilizer, which is different from Example 1 only in that no inositol synergistic factor stock solution and polyglutamic acid stock solution are added.

[0083] Test Example 1

[0084] This test example conducts a stability test of liquid fertilizer, as follows:

[0085] 100 mL of the products of Examples 1-3 were respectively placed in conical flasks, and placed in -10°C, 0°C, 10°C, 20°C, 30°C and 40°C environments for 90 days, and the appearance of the liquid fertilizers was observed. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0086] Table 1 Appearance of 100 mL of the products of Examples 1-3 after 90 days

[0087]

[0088] Test Example 2

[0089] This test case is used to study the effect of fertilizer on crop production, as follows:

[0090] Test crops: Shanghai green.

[0091] Test fertilizers: liquid fertilizer of Example 1 of the present invention, liquid fertilizer of Comparative Example 1, comparative fertilizer (a certain brand of organic water-soluble fertilizer, with specific ingredients of 10% organic matter, 5% amino acids, 10% macroelements, and 1% trace elements), and conventional fertilizer (compound fertilizer + clean water, with the ingredients of compound fertilizer being: 15% nitrogen, 15% phosphorus, and 15% potassium).

[0092] In other embodiments of the present invention, other types of comparative fertilizers and conventional fertilizers may be selected according to actual needs.

[0093] Experimental design: This experiment has 3 groups of treatment samples, each group of treatment samples is tested 5 times and randomly arranged. Fertilizer is dissolved in water according to the ratio (1:200) and then irrigated. The specific design is as follows:

[0094] Treatment sample 1: conventional fertilizer (compound fertilizer + clean water);

[0095] Treatment sample 2: a certain brand of organic water-soluble fertilizer;

[0096] Treatment sample 3: liquid fertilizer according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0097] Treatment sample 4: liquid fertilizer of comparative example 1 of the present invention.

[0098] Trial time: starts on May 11, 2024 and ends on June 25, 2024.

[0099] Test location: Jiangbian Village, Baoan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province. The basic physical and chemical properties of the soil are shown in Table 2.

[0100] Table 2 Basic physical and chemical properties of soil

[0101] Soil texture pH Organic matter (g / kg) Total nitrogen (g / kg) Available phosphorus (mg / kg) Available potassium (mg / kg) Sandy loam 5.3 12.78 156.4 46.9 68.3

[0102] The test data are summarized in Table 3:

[0103] Table 3 Summary of test data

[0104]

[0105] As can be seen from the test data of Table 2, the liquid fertilizer of the present invention has a significant improvement effect on the root system, vitamin C and yield of Shanghai Qing. Among them, the weight of Shanghai Qing single plant, processing sample 3 (liquid fertilizer of the present invention) is 28.40% higher than processing sample 1 (conventional fertilizer), 10.83% higher than processing sample 2 (a brand of organic water-soluble fertilizer), and 9.28% higher than processing sample 4 (Comparative Example 1); the content of vitamin C in Shanghai Qing, processing sample 3 (liquid fertilizer of the present invention) is 19.08% higher than processing sample 1 (conventional fertilizer), 7.18% higher than processing sample 2 (a brand of organic water-soluble fertilizer), and 5.72% higher than processing sample 4 (Comparative Example 1); Shanghai Qing total yield, processing sample 3 (liquid fertilizer of the present invention) is 21.77% higher than processing sample 1 (conventional fertilizer), and 13.10% higher than processing sample 4 (Comparative Example 1).

[0106] In summary, the liquid fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the present invention has stable performance and does not produce flatulence stratification; the product is stable under low and high temperature storage and is easy to use. The inositol synergistic factor stock solution added to the liquid fertilizer has high activity, wide source and low price. The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer is simple and has high production efficiency. The liquid fertilizer has a high utilization rate in agricultural production and is conducive to improving the yield and quality of crops.

[0107] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid fertilizer, characterized in that: The liquid fertilizer comprises the following components by mass percentage: 35%-40% macroelements, 0.4%-1% trace elements, 1%-2% inositol synergistic factor stock solution, 0.5%-1% polyglutamic acid stock solution, 0.4%-0.5% auxiliary agent and the balance water.

2. The liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that In terms of mass percentage, the inositol synergistic factor stock solution comprises 70%-90% inositol and 10%-30% amino acids; The amino acids are plant-derived amino acids, which include 25%-35% free amino acids and the balance water.

3. The liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that In terms of mass percentage, the macroelements include 3%-20% nitrogen, 3%-20% phosphorus and 3%-20% potassium; Preferably, the total nutrient concentration of the macroelements in the liquid fertilizer is ≥500 g / L.

4. The liquid fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that The nitrogen element is provided by a nitrogen fertilizer, and the nitrogen fertilizer is selected from at least one of urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate; The phosphorus element is provided by a phosphate fertilizer, and the phosphate fertilizer is selected from at least one of industrial monoammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid and ammonium polyphosphate; The potassium element is provided by potassium fertilizer, and the potassium fertilizer is selected from at least one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

5. The liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that Calculated by mass percentage, the trace elements include: 0.2%-0.3% boron, 0.1%-0.3% zinc, 0.05%-0.2% manganese and 0.05%-0.2% iron.

6. The liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that Calculated by mass percentage, the auxiliary agent includes: 0.3%-0.35% suspending agent and 0.1%-0.15% synergist.

7. The liquid fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that The suspending agent is selected from at least one of xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, agar, sodium alginate and guar gum; The synergist is selected from at least one of DA-6, sodium nitrophenolate, yield-increasing amine and brassinolide.

8. A method for preparing a liquid fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: The auxiliary agent and the macro-element are mixed to prepare a first blend for standby use; The trace elements, the inositol synergistic factor stock solution, the polyglutamic acid stock solution and water are mixed and reacted to prepare a second blend; The first blend and the second blend are mixed and reacted to prepare liquid fertilizer.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reaction temperature for preparing the second blend is 50°C-60°C, and the reaction time is 25min-45min; the reaction time for preparing the liquid fertilizer is 25min-40min; Preferably, the preparation method further comprises packaging the liquid fertilizer after it is cooled to room temperature.

10. Use of the liquid fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in agricultural production.

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