Preparation method of ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material, which comprises the following steps: S1, stirring platinum powder or platinum rhodium powder and nano ceramic fiber to obtain primarily mixed powder; s2, adding the primarily mixed powder and a mixing aid into a mixing crusher, and stirring to mix the powder, so as to obtain mixed powder; s3, the mixed powder is dried, and a metal shrinkage block is obtained; and S4, the metal shrinkage block is pressed, sintered and forged, and the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material is obtained. Through effective combination of the precious metal powder material and the ceramic fiber, accurate and controllable dispersion addition amount, adjustable material strength and toughness and efficient material preparation of the dispersion strengthened platinum-based material are realized, and alloy smelting, high-temperature oxidation and wet precipitation processes in the preparation process are avoided; the problems that the adding amount of the oxide dispersed phase is unstable, the oxidation degree is uncontrollable, the oxide size is uncontrollable, the material consistency is poor, and the material deforms, cracks and brittle failures occur are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, and in particular to a method for preparing a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material. Background Art

[0002] Platinum-based high-temperature materials are widely used in the production of glass fiber, substrate glass, optical crystals, high-performance glass powder, etc. due to their excellent chemical stability, resistance to glass corrosion and high-temperature creep resistance. In order to improve the high-temperature strength and creep resistance of platinum-based materials, internal oxidation and co-precipitation methods are now commonly used to prepare platinum-based high-temperature materials with zirconium, yttrium and other oxides and carbides as dispersion strengthening phases.

[0003] However, the current mainstream internal oxidation method for preparing platinum-based high-temperature materials with dispersion-strengthened phases requires complex processes such as alloy smelting with the addition of strengthening elements such as zirconium and yttrium, and long-term high-temperature internal oxidation of the strengthening elements. How to accurately control the smelting loss, oxidation completeness, and material performance consistency of strengthening elements such as zirconium and yttrium is a long-term unavoidable problem for this method. The co-precipitation method also faces many problems such as high salt residue in the powder, high-temperature agglomeration of oxides, and unstable oxide adsorption. At the same time, because the oxides in the above method are in a highly dispersed state, although the material has a higher strength, its plasticity and processing properties are significantly reduced, resulting in problems such as cracking and brittle fracture during material processing and use.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to solve the above problems and develop a new preparation method for dispersion-strengthened platinum-based materials. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome and supplement the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a method for preparing a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material. The material has the characteristics of high strength, high toughness, high performance consistency, etc. Compared with the current mainstream internal oxidation method and co-precipitation method, the present invention achieves adjustable strength and toughness of dispersion-strengthened platinum-based materials only by adding ceramic fibers of different types and different aspect ratios, avoiding alloy smelting, high-temperature oxidation, wet precipitation and other processes in the preparation process, and solving the problems of unstable addition amount of oxide dispersed phase, uncontrollable oxidation degree, uncontrollable oxide size, poor material consistency, and easy deformation, cracking, brittle fracture and the like of the material.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A method for preparing a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1. Add a certain amount of platinum powder or platinum-rhodium powder and nano-ceramic fiber into a beaker and stir to obtain a primary mixed powder;

[0009] Step S2. Add the pre-mixed powder in step S1 into a mixer-crusher, weigh a certain amount of a mixing aid and add it into the mixer-crusher, start the mixer-crusher and stir to mix the powders to obtain a mixed powder;

[0010] Step S3. placing the mixed powder in step S2 in a calcining furnace for drying to obtain a metal block;

[0011] Step S4: Press, sinter and forge the metal block to obtain a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material.

[0012] Preferably, in the method for preparing the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material, the mass ratio of platinum powder or platinum-rhodium powder to nano-ceramic fiber in step S1 is 1:0.01%-0.5%.

[0013] Preferably, in the method for preparing the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material, the nano-ceramic fiber in step S1 is selected from one or more of zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, and magnesium oxide, and the length of the nano-ceramic fiber is 100nm-1000nm.

[0014] Preferably, in the method for preparing the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material, the auxiliary mixing agent in step S2 is selected from one or more of water, propylene glycol and butanediol.

[0015] Preferably, in the method for preparing the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material, the mass ratio of the platinum powder or platinum-rhodium powder to the mixing aid in step S2 is 1:0.01-0.2.

[0016] Preferably, in the method for preparing the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material, the rotation speed of the mixing crusher in step S2 is 5000-30000 rpm, and the mixing time is 10-90 min.

[0017] Preferably, in the method for preparing the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material, the drying temperature in step S3 is 600° C.-1300° C., and the drying time is 60-200 min.

[0018] Preferably, in the method for preparing the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material, the pressing weight of the press in step S4 is 100-500t, the sintering temperature is 800-1500°C, the sintering time is 0.5-2h, and the forging temperature is 1000°C-1500°C.

[0019] Advantages of the present invention:

[0020] (1) The preparation method of the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material of the present invention realizes the precise control of the dispersion addition amount of the dispersion-strengthened platinum-based material, the adjustable material strength and toughness, and the efficient preparation of the material through the effective combination of precious metal powder material and ceramic fiber, avoids the alloy smelting, high-temperature oxidation, wet precipitation and other processes in the preparation process, and solves the problems of unstable addition amount of oxide dispersed phase, uncontrollable oxidation degree, uncontrollable oxide size, poor material consistency, and easy deformation, cracking, brittle fracture of the material.

[0021] (2) The preparation method of the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material of the present invention significantly simplifies the preparation process of the reinforced platinum-based material. The strength and toughness of the reinforced platinum-based material can be controlled by simply adding ceramic fibers of different types and different aspect ratios. At the same time, the consistency of the dispersion addition is precisely controlled. The finally prepared reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material has the characteristics of high strength, high toughness, and high performance consistency. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] A method for preparing a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material comprises the following steps:

[0025] Step S1. Put 5000g of platinum powder into a 5L beaker, weigh 2g of alumina ceramic fiber with a length of 200nm and add it to the beaker, stir evenly with a glass rod to perform preliminary mixing of the platinum powder and the alumina fiber to obtain a primary mixed powder;

[0026] Step S2. Place the pre-mixed powder in step S1 in the cavity of a mixer-crusher, weigh 100 g of glycerol and add it to the cavity, start the mixer-crusher, and stir to fully mix the powder to obtain a mixed powder. The speed of the mixer-crusher is 8000 rpm, and the mixing time is 80 min.

[0027] Step S3. Place the mixed powder in step S2 in a calcining furnace for drying at a temperature of 800°C for 120 min to complete the shrinkage of the mixed powder and remove the residual mixing aid propylene glycol to obtain a metal shrinkage;

[0028] Step S4. Press the metal block with a pressing weight of 200 tons, then place the pressed platinum material in a calcining furnace for high-temperature sintering at 1000°C for 0.5 hours, and place the sintered material on an air hammer to complete the forging process at a forging temperature of 1000°C, and finally prepare a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] A method for preparing a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material comprises the following steps:

[0031] Step S1. Put 11000g of platinum powder into a 10L beaker, weigh 10g of alumina ceramic fiber with a length of 500nm and add it into the beaker, stir evenly with a glass rod to perform preliminary mixing of the platinum powder and the alumina fiber to obtain a primary mixed powder;

[0032] Step S2. Place the pre-mixed powder in step S1 in the cavity of a mixer-crusher, weigh 400 g of butanediol and add it to the cavity, start the mixer-crusher, and stir to fully mix the powder to obtain a mixed powder. The speed of the mixer-crusher is 30,000 rpm, and the mixing time is 30 min.

[0033] Step S3. Place the mixed powder in step S2 in a calcining furnace for drying at a drying temperature of 1200° C. for 80 min to complete the shrinkage of the mixed powder and remove the residual mixing aid butanediol to obtain a metal shrinkage block;

[0034] Step S4. Press the metal block with a pressing weight of 500 tons, then place the pressed platinum material in a calcining furnace for high-temperature sintering at 1300°C for 1 hour, and place the sintered material on an air hammer to complete the forging process at a forging temperature of 1300°C, and finally prepare a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material.

[0035] Comparative Example 1

[0036] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that no alumina ceramic fiber is added in step (1), and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0037] Comparative Example 2

[0038] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the crushing rotation speed in step (2) is 3000 rpm, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0039] The materials obtained in Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 were subjected to room temperature tensile and elongation tests, and the average value of the data was calculated twice. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1

[0041] Room temperature tensile strength Elongation after break Bending times Conventional reinforced platinum 1.0 1.0 1.0 Example 1 +30％ +15％ +20％ Example 2 +20％ +10％ +25％ Comparative Example 1 -50％ +80％ +80％ Comparative Example 2 -25％ +30％ +50％

[0042] Note: Taking the conventional reinforced platinum data as base 1, the materials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 have higher room-temperature tensile strength and better processing performance. Taking the conventional reinforced platinum data as base 1, the room-temperature tensile strength of the materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is significantly reduced, although their plasticity is improved.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1. Add a certain amount of platinum powder or platinum-rhodium powder and nano-ceramic fibers into a beaker and stir to obtain a primary mixed powder; Step S2. Add the pre-mixed powder in step S1 into a mixer-crusher, weigh a certain amount of a mixing aid and add it into the mixer-crusher, start the mixer-crusher and stir to mix the powders to obtain a mixed powder; Step S3. placing the mixed powder in step S2 in a calcining furnace for drying to obtain a metal block; Step S4: Press, sinter and forge the metal block to obtain a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high-temperature material.

2. The method for preparing the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high temperature material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the mass ratio of platinum powder or platinum-rhodium powder to nano-ceramic fiber is 1:0.01%-0.5%.

3. The method for preparing the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high temperature material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the nano ceramic fibers are selected from one or more of zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, and magnesium oxide, and the length of the nano ceramic fibers is 100 nm-1000 nm.

4. The method for preparing a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high temperature material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the auxiliary mixing agent is selected from one or more of water, propylene glycol and butylene glycol.

5. The method for preparing the ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high temperature material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the mass ratio of platinum powder or platinum-rhodium powder to the mixing aid is 1:0.01-0.

2.

6. The method for preparing a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high temperature material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the rotation speed of the mixing crusher is 5000-30000 rpm, and the mixing time is 10-90 min.

7. The method for preparing a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high temperature material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the drying temperature is 600° C.-1300° C., and the drying time is 60-200 min.

8. The method for preparing a ceramic fiber reinforced platinum-based high temperature material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the pressing weight of the press is 100-500t, the sintering temperature is 800-1500°C, the sintering time is 0.5-2h, and the forging temperature is 1000°C-1500°C.