A rear support for an open TBM and an open TBM

Abstract

The application provides a rear support of an open TBM and the open TBM and belongs to the field of tunnel boring equipment. The rear support of the open TBM comprises an adjusting frame, a connecting seat and a vertical adjusting device connected between the adjusting frame and the connecting seat, further comprises an auxiliary seat, and a first adjusting structure is arranged between the connecting seat and the adjusting frame and a second adjusting structure is arranged between the auxiliary seat and the adjusting frame. The open TBM comprises the rear support or a main beam or an inner keel. The application adjusts the pitch angle of the adjusting frame when the excavation slope is changed, so that the force of the vertical adjusting device on the main beam or the inner keel is perpendicular to the main beam or the inner keel, and the tangential stress at the connecting position of the connecting seat and the main beam or the inner keel is reduced.

Description

A rear support for an open-type TBM and an open-type TBM Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel boring equipment, and in particular relates to a rear support for an open-type TBM and an open-type TBM. Background Technology

[0002] The rear support is part of the open-type TBM main unit. As a key component of the propulsion support system, the TBM rear support plays a role in supporting the TBM main unit during the step change process.

[0003] To accommodate the turning of a TBM, existing rear supports incorporate a steering mechanism. For example, Chinese utility model patent application CN202788865U discloses a single-support type open-face full-section tunnel boring machine (TBM) for hard rock. This TBM includes a tunneling body, a support shoe mechanism, a main beam, propulsion cylinders, and a rear support mechanism. The rear support mechanism includes an adjusting frame and horizontal and vertical steering cylinders (horizontal and vertical steering devices) positioned between the adjusting frame and the main beam. Support cylinders are also inclinedly mounted on the left and right sides of the adjusting frame, and shoe plates are installed on the support cylinders. During the TBM's turning process, the horizontal and vertical steering cylinders can promptly adjust the relative position of the adjusting frame and the main beam, thereby ensuring the entire rear support mechanism stably supports the main beam during the TBM's turning process.

[0004] As the application fields of hard rock tunnel boring machines (TBMs) continue to expand, open-face TBMs also need to handle working conditions with significant slope variations in tunnels, such as pumped storage projects and mining operations. In these projects, if a change in tunnel slope is required, the tail end of the main beam needs to be raised or lowered by the vertical adjustment cylinder, thereby tilting the head of the TBM upwards or downwards to achieve turning in the vertical plane. Therefore, when the tunnel slope changes, the tail end of the main beam will pitch and swing in the vertical plane. However, at this time, the rear support is firmly held against the tunnel wall and cannot pitch and swing with the main beam. As a result, the vertical adjustment cylinder will be in a non-perpendicular state with the main beam. Consequently, the force exerted by the vertical adjustment cylinder on the main beam will produce a component perpendicular to the main beam and a component parallel to the main beam. The component of the force perpendicular to the main beam is used to support the main beam and adjust the swing of the tail end of the main beam. However, the component of the force parallel to the main beam will act on the connecting seat on the main beam, which is used to connect with the vertical adjustment cylinder. Furthermore, the greater the pitch swing angle of the main beam, the greater the component of the force parallel to the main beam will be on the connecting seat. The component of the force parallel to the main beam is a tangential force for the connecting seat, which will generate a large shear stress at the connection position between the connecting seat and the main beam, thereby increasing the risk of breakage between the connecting seat and the main beam. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rear support for an open-type TBM, in order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that when there are large changes in the roadway slope, the vertical adjustment device easily generates a large component force parallel to the main beam or inner frame, thus affecting the stability of the connecting seat.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an open-type TBM to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution for the rear support of an open-type TBM provided by this invention is as follows:

[0008] A rear support for an open-type TBM includes an adjustment frame, a connecting seat, and a vertical adjustment device connecting the adjustment frame and the connecting seat. It also includes an auxiliary seat. A first adjustment structure is provided between the connecting seat and the adjustment frame, and a second adjustment structure is provided between the auxiliary seat and the adjustment frame. One of the first and second adjustment structures is used to drive a corresponding part of the adjustment frame to move back and forth, and the other is used to keep the corresponding part of the adjustment frame in place. Alternatively, the first and second adjustment structures are used to drive the corresponding parts of the adjustment frame to move in opposite directions in the back and forth direction, so as to make the adjustment frame pitch and rotate.

[0009] As a further improvement, both the first and second adjustment structures are telescopic drive devices, which are movably connected to the adjustment frame and to the connecting seat or auxiliary seat.

[0010] As a further improvement, one of the first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure is a telescopic drive device and the other is a fixed-length auxiliary component. Both the telescopic drive device and the auxiliary component are movably connected to the adjustment frame, and both the telescopic drive device and the auxiliary component are movably connected to the connecting seat or the auxiliary seat.

[0011] As a further improvement, the connecting seat is used to install onto the upper side of the main beam or inner lining, and the auxiliary seat is used to install onto the lower side of the main beam or inner lining.

[0012] As a further improvement, the first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the connecting seat or adjustment frame, respectively, and the two second adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat or adjustment frame, respectively.

[0013] As a further improvement, the first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The connecting seat and the auxiliary seat are also arranged in pairs, with the two connecting seats in the same pair located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two auxiliary seats in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively.

[0014] As a further improvement, the first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat, respectively. The connecting seats are arranged in pairs, and the two connecting seats in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The adjustment frame includes a pair of connecting parts for connecting with the second adjustment structure. The two connecting parts in the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat, respectively.

[0015] As a further improvement, the adjustment frame is equipped with support legs, and the ends of the support legs are connected to boot plates for bracing against the tunnel wall. The support legs include two support telescopic devices arranged in the front-to-back direction, and the two ends of the two support telescopic devices are respectively movably connected to the adjustment frame and the boot plate.

[0016] As a further improvement, the vertical steering device is connected to the connecting seat and / or adjusting frame via a ball joint structure.

[0017] The beneficial effects are as follows: The rear support of the open-type TBM provided by this invention is an improvement over the prior art. This rear support of the open-type TBM adjusts the pitch angle of the adjustment frame by setting a first adjustment structure and a second adjustment structure. Therefore, when using the vertical alignment device to raise or lower the main beam or inner frame tail, the pitch angle adjustment of the adjustment frame ensures that the force applied by the vertical alignment device to the main beam or inner frame is close to or perpendicular to the length direction of the main beam or inner frame, reducing the generation of parallel components of force with respect to the main beam or inner frame. This, in turn, reduces the tangential stress at the connection point between the connecting seat and the main beam or inner frame, ensuring the firmness and reliability of the connecting seat.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution for the open-type TBM provided by this invention is as follows:

[0019] An open-type TBM includes a rear support and a main beam or inner frame. The rear support includes an adjustment frame, a connecting seat, and a vertical adjustment device connecting the adjustment frame and the connecting seat. It also includes an auxiliary seat. A first adjustment structure is provided between the connecting seat and the adjustment frame, and a second adjustment structure is provided between the auxiliary seat and the adjustment frame. One of the first and second adjustment structures is used to drive a corresponding part of the adjustment frame to move back and forth, and the other is used to keep the corresponding part of the adjustment frame in place. Alternatively, the first and second adjustment structures are used to drive the corresponding parts of the adjustment frame to move in opposite directions in the back and forth direction, so as to make the adjustment frame pitch and rotate.

[0020] As a further improvement, both the first and second adjustment structures are telescopic drive devices, which are movably connected to the adjustment frame and to the connecting seat or auxiliary seat.

[0021] As a further improvement, one of the first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure is a telescopic drive device and the other is a fixed-length auxiliary component. Both the telescopic drive device and the auxiliary component are movably connected to the adjustment frame, and both the telescopic drive device and the auxiliary component are movably connected to the connecting seat or the auxiliary seat.

[0022] As a further improvement, the connecting seat is used to install onto the upper side of the main beam or inner lining, and the auxiliary seat is used to install onto the lower side of the main beam or inner lining.

[0023] As a further improvement, the first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the connecting seat or adjustment frame, respectively, and the two second adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat or adjustment frame, respectively.

[0024] As a further improvement, the first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The connecting seat and the auxiliary seat are also arranged in pairs, with the two connecting seats in the same pair located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two auxiliary seats in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively.

[0025] As a further improvement, the first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat, respectively. The connecting seats are arranged in pairs, and the two connecting seats in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The adjustment frame includes a pair of connecting parts for connecting with the second adjustment structure. The two connecting parts in the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat, respectively.

[0026] As a further improvement, the adjustment frame is equipped with support legs, and the ends of the support legs are connected to boot plates for bracing against the tunnel wall. The support legs include two support telescopic devices arranged in the front-to-back direction, and the two ends of the two support telescopic devices are respectively movably connected to the adjustment frame and the boot plate.

[0027] As a further improvement, the vertical steering device is connected to the connecting seat and / or adjusting frame via a ball joint structure.

[0028] The beneficial effects are as follows: The open-type TBM provided by this invention is an improvement on the prior art. In this open-type TBM, the rear support adjusts the pitch angle of the adjustment frame by setting a first adjustment structure and a second adjustment structure. Therefore, when using the vertical alignment device to raise or lower the main beam or inner frame tail, the pitch angle of the adjustment frame can be adjusted so that the force applied by the vertical alignment device to the main beam or inner frame is close to or perpendicular to the length direction of the main beam or inner frame, reducing the generation of parallel components of force with respect to the main beam or inner frame. This reduces the tangential stress at the connection point between the connecting seat and the main beam or inner frame, ensuring the firmness and reliability of the connecting seat. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment 1 of the open-type TBM in this invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a side view of Embodiment 1 of the open-type TBM in this invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the open-type TBM in this invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is a diagram showing the state of the rear support tightening the tunnel wall in Embodiment 1 of the open-type TBM of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a state diagram of the horizontal orientation of Embodiment 1 of the open-type TBM in this invention;

[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the vertical adjustment device of the open-type TBM in Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a non-perpendicular state with the main beam.

[0035] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of embodiment 4 of the open-type TBM in this invention.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0037] 1. Main beam; 2. Support telescopic device; 3. Boot plate; 4. Upper frame; 5. Crossbeam; 6. Connecting seat; 7. Auxiliary seat; 8. First adjustment structure; 9. Second adjustment structure; 10. Vertical adjustment device; 11. Horizontal adjustment device. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0039] Specific embodiment 1 of the open-type TBM provided by the present invention:

[0040] The open-face TBM includes a tunneling section, a main beam 1 connected to the tunneling section, and a rear support installed at the rear end of the main beam 1. In this invention, the tunneling direction of the open-face TBM is considered forward; therefore, when tunneling in a straight tunnel, the length direction of the main beam 1 is in the same direction as the front-to-back direction.

[0041] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 4, the rear support includes an adjustment frame, which is a frame structure. During use, the adjustment frame is fitted onto the main beam 1, with a gap maintained between its inner side and the main beam 1. Support legs are inclinedly installed at the lower positions on both sides of the adjustment frame, with shoe plates 3 connected to the ends of the legs. Specifically, each support leg includes two front-to-back support telescopic devices 2, with both ends of the support telescopic devices 2 movably connected to the adjustment frame and the shoe plate 3, respectively. When the two support telescopic devices 2 extend or retract synchronously, the support leg can be extended or retracted. When the two support telescopic devices 2 extend or retract asynchronously, the shoe plate 3 will sway, and the sway axis of the shoe plate 3 will be perpendicular to the central axis of the tunnel. This ensures that even if the support leg is not perpendicular to the tunnel wall, the shoe plate 3 can still be tightly pressed against the tunnel wall.

[0042] The adjustment frame includes an upper frame 4 and a lower frame. The upper frame 4 has an inverted U-shaped structure, and the lower frame includes two crossbeams 5. The two crossbeams 5 are connected between the lower ends of the left and right arms of the upper frame 4, and the two crossbeams 5 are spaced apart in the front-back direction. At the same time, the two crossbeams 5 also form a paired connecting part.

[0043] Referring to Figure 3, the rear support also includes a connecting seat 6 and an auxiliary seat 7. The connecting seat 6 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the main beam 1, and the auxiliary seat 7 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the main beam 1. There are two pairs of connecting seats 6, spaced apart in the left-right direction. Within each pair, two connecting seats 6 are spaced apart in the front-back direction, with one in front of the upper frame 4 and the other behind it. There is one auxiliary seat 7, located between the two crossbeams 5 of the adjustment frame. The auxiliary seat 7 is equidistant from the two connecting seats 6 in the same pair in the front-back direction.

[0044] A first adjustment structure 8 is provided between the connecting seat 6 and the adjustment frame, and a second adjustment structure 9 is provided between the auxiliary seat 7 and the adjustment frame. One of the first adjustment structure 8 and the second adjustment structure 9 is used to drive the corresponding part of the adjustment frame to move forward or backward, and the other is used to keep the corresponding part of the adjustment frame in the original position. Alternatively, the first adjustment structure 8 and the second adjustment structure 9 are used to drive the corresponding part of the adjustment frame to move in opposite directions in the front-back direction.

[0045] In this embodiment, both the first adjustment structure 8 and the second adjustment structure 9 are telescopic drive devices. The telescopic drive devices are arranged in pairs, with the two telescopic drive devices in the same pair arranged at intervals in the front-back direction. There are two pairs of telescopic drive devices constituting the first adjustment structure 8, and there are also two pairs of telescopic drive devices constituting the second adjustment structure 9.

[0046] The telescopic drive devices constituting the first adjustment structure 8 are mounted on the connecting seats 6 via spherical bearings, and each connecting seat 6 corresponds to one telescopic drive device. The telescopic ends of the telescopic drive devices constituting the first adjustment structure 8 all face the upper frame 4 of the adjustment frame and are connected to the upper frame 4 of the adjustment frame via a ball joint structure. All the telescopic drive devices constituting the first adjustment structure 8 are installed at the same height. When the telescopic drive device located in front of the upper frame 4 of the adjustment frame extends, the telescopic drive device located behind the upper frame 4 of the adjustment frame shortens accordingly, thereby causing the corresponding part of the upper frame 4 of the adjustment frame to move backward. For the corresponding part of the upper frame 4 of the adjustment frame to move forward, the telescopic drive device in front of it needs to shorten while the telescopic drive device behind it extends.

[0047] The telescopic drive device constituting the second adjustment structure 9 is mounted on the crossbeam 5 via a spherical bearing. Two telescopic drive devices are spaced apart along the left-right direction on each crossbeam 5, with the two telescopic drive devices of the same pair located on two different crossbeams 5 and corresponding in the front-back direction. The telescopic ends of the telescopic drive devices constituting the second adjustment structure 9 are connected to the auxiliary seat 7 via a ball joint structure. The telescopic drive devices constituting the second adjustment structure 9 can control the front-back movement of the crossbeam 5 of the adjustment frame. The control method is similar to the front-back movement of the upper frame 4 of the adjustment frame, and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] In one embodiment, only the first adjustment structure 8 is used to control the forward and backward movement of the upper frame 4 of the adjustment frame, while the second adjustment structure 9 remains at a fixed length so that the forward and backward position of the crossbeam 5 of the adjustment frame remains unchanged. This allows the overall pitching and swinging of the adjustment frame to be achieved.

[0049] In another embodiment, only the second adjustment structure 9 is used to control the forward and backward movement of the crossbeam 5 of the adjustment frame, while the first adjustment structure 8 remains at a fixed length, so that the corresponding part of the upper frame 4 of the adjustment frame remains unchanged in the forward and backward position, thus achieving the overall pitching and swinging of the adjustment frame.

[0050] When a larger pitch swing amplitude is required for the adjustment frame, the upper part of the upper frame 4 and the crossbeam 5 of the adjustment frame move in opposite directions in the front-back direction. At this time, both the first adjustment structure 8 and the second adjustment structure 9 are used to control the attitude of the adjustment frame.

[0051] The rear support also includes a vertical adjustment device 10 and a horizontal adjustment device 11. The vertical adjustment device 10 and the horizontal adjustment device 11 are both arranged in pairs. There are two pairs of vertical adjustment devices 10, and the two pairs of vertical adjustment devices 10 are located on the left and right sides of the adjustment frame, respectively. The two vertical adjustment devices 10 in the pair of vertical adjustment devices 10 are located at the front and rear of the adjustment frame, respectively. The horizontal adjustment devices 11 are located at the front and rear of the adjustment frame, respectively.

[0052] One end of the horizontal steering device 11 is movably connected to the adjustment frame, and the other end is movably connected to one of the connecting seats 6. The lower end of the vertical steering device 10 is mounted on the adjustment frame, and its upper end is movably connected to the corresponding connecting seat 6. In this embodiment, the vertical steering device 10 and the horizontal steering device 11 are all connected to the adjustment frame and the connecting seat 6 through a ball joint structure to achieve a larger angle of deflection.

[0053] During the excavation of a straight tunnel, the main beam 1 is always perpendicular to the vertical adjustment device 10. Therefore, the force exerted by the vertical adjustment device 10 on the main beam 1 is perpendicular to the main beam 1, and the connection position between the connecting seat 6 and the main beam 1 is subjected to tensile stress.

[0054] When it is necessary to change the tunneling slope during the tunneling process, the vertical adjustment device 10 can lift the main beam 1 upwards or lower the main beam 1. Referring to Figure 6, during this process, the tail of the main beam 1 will no longer be perpendicular to the vertical adjustment device 10. Then, the force exerted by the vertical adjustment device 10 on the main beam 1 will have a component parallel to the main beam 1, and at the same time, the connection position between the connecting seat 6 and the main beam 1 will begin to bear tangential stress.

[0055] The adjusting frame can achieve pitch swing in cooperation with the first adjusting structure 8 and the second adjusting structure 9. Therefore, when pitch swing begins at the tail of the main beam 1, the adjusting frame can simultaneously adjust the pitch angle relative to the main beam 1. After the adjustment is completed, when the tail of the main beam 1 is raised to the highest position or lowered to the lowest position, the tail of the main beam 1 is at the maximum pitch swing angle during this adjustment process. However, since the adjusting frame is also continuously adjusting during this process, the vertical adjusting device 10 remains perpendicular to the main beam 1, thereby reducing the tangential stress generated at the connection position between the connecting seat 6 and the main beam 1 during the adjustment process, and ensuring a firm and reliable connection of the connecting seat 6.

[0056] Referring to Figure 5, during the horizontal adjustment process, both the first adjustment structure 8 and the second adjustment structure 9 need to be extended adaptively, which will not be elaborated here.

[0057] During the above adjustment process, the change in the pitch angle of the adjustment frame will change the angle between the outrigger and the tunnel wall. Therefore, it is also necessary to change the length of the two support telescopic devices 2 in the outrigger simultaneously so that the shoe plate 3 can still maintain its original state and fit tightly against the tunnel wall.

[0058] Furthermore, since the vertical adjustment device 10, the connecting seat 6, and the adjustment frame in this embodiment are all connected by a ball joint structure, and the ball joint structure has a larger deflection angle than the spherical bearing, it is beneficial to adapt to construction scenarios with greater slope changes.

[0059] In this embodiment, the telescopic drive device, the support telescopic device 2, the vertical adjustment device 10, and the horizontal adjustment device 11 are all hydraulic cylinders. In other embodiments, they can also be pneumatic cylinders or electric actuators, which will not be elaborated here.

[0060] For the K-type TBM, it includes a tunneling section, an inner K-type connected to the tunneling section, and a rear support installed at the rear end of the inner K-type. The structure of the rear support is the same as that of the main beam type 1 TBM, and will not be described in detail here.

[0061] Specific embodiment 2 of the open-type TBM provided by the present invention:

[0062] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, but differs in that the second adjustment structure in this embodiment is a fixed-length auxiliary component. Specifically, the auxiliary component can be an auxiliary rod, with both ends connected to the crossbeam and the auxiliary seat respectively via ball joints. In this embodiment, the first adjustment structure remains a telescopic drive device, which can be used to change the pitch angle of the adjustment frame.

[0063] Specific embodiment 3 of the open-type TBM provided by the present invention:

[0064] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 2, but differs in that the first adjustment structure in this embodiment is an airbag. The front and rear ends of the airbag are fixedly connected to the connecting seat and the adjustment frame, respectively. When the airbag on the front side of the adjustment frame inflates and the airbag on the rear side contracts, the upper position of the adjustment frame can move backward, thus enabling adjustment of the pitch angle of the adjustment frame. The second adjustment structure in this embodiment is still an auxiliary component.

[0065] Specific embodiment 4 of the open-type TBM provided by the present invention:

[0066] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, but differs from Embodiment 1 in that, as shown in Figure 7, this embodiment has only one crossbeam 5 for the adjustment frame, but two auxiliary seats 7, with the crossbeam 5 located between the two auxiliary seats 7. Therefore, in this embodiment, the telescopic end of the second adjustment structure 9 faces the crossbeam 5.

[0067] Specific embodiment 5 of the open-type TBM provided by the present invention:

[0068] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the connecting seats are not set in pairs. The adjustment frame includes a front frame and a rear frame. The front frame and the rear frame are connected by a connecting rod. The connecting seat and the auxiliary seat are both located between the front frame and the rear frame.

[0069] Specific embodiment 6 of the open-type TBM provided by the present invention:

[0070] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, but differs from Embodiment 1 in that, in this embodiment, the connecting seat is located below the main beam, while the auxiliary seat is located above the main beam. In this embodiment, the upper end of the vertical adjustment device is connected to the adjustment frame, and the lower end is connected to the connecting seat.

[0071] Specific embodiment 7 of the open-type TBM provided by the present invention:

[0072] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the outrigger in this embodiment includes only one support telescopic device. The support telescopic device is movably connected to the boot plate and is specifically connected by a ball joint. In this way, the boot plate can also adaptively fit against the tunnel wall when the outrigger is not perpendicular to the tunnel wall.

[0073] Specific embodiment 8 of the open-type TBM provided by the present invention:

[0074] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the vertical adjustment device and the horizontal adjustment cylinder are connected to the connecting seat and the adjustment frame through spherical bearings.

[0075] In other embodiments of this example, the connection positions between the vertical adjustment device and the horizontal adjustment cylinder and the connecting seat and adjustment frame can be partly spherical bearings and partly ball joint structures, which will not be elaborated here.

[0076] Specific embodiments of the rear support for the open-type TBM provided by the present invention:

[0077] The rear support of the open-type TBM is any of the rear supports in any of the above-described embodiments 1-8 of the open-type TBM, and will not be described in detail here.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative effort, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rear support for an open-type TBM, comprising an adjustment frame, a connecting seat (6), and a vertical adjustment device (10) connecting the adjustment frame and the connecting seat (6). The adjustment frame is a frame structure, and in use, the adjustment frame is fitted onto the main beam. Support legs are provided on the lower left and right sides of the adjustment frame. Its characteristic is that... It also includes an auxiliary seat (7), a first adjustment structure (8) between the connecting seat (6) and the adjustment frame, and a second adjustment structure (9) between the auxiliary seat (7) and the adjustment frame. The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are respectively used to drive the corresponding parts of the adjustment frame to move in opposite directions in the front and rear directions so that the adjustment frame can pitch and rotate. The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are both telescopic drive devices. The telescopic drive devices are movably connected to the adjustment frame and movably connected to the connecting seat (6) or the auxiliary seat (7). The connecting seat (6) is used to be installed on the upper or lower side of the main beam or the inner frame, and the auxiliary seat (7) is used to be installed on the lower or upper side of the main beam or the inner frame. The connecting seats are arranged in pairs, and the two connecting seats in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the connecting seat or the adjustment frame, respectively, and the two second adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat or the adjustment frame, respectively. The telescopic drive device of the first adjustment structure is installed on the connecting seat through a spherical bearing or a ball joint.

2. The rear support of the open-type TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two pairs of connectors, with the two pairs of connectors arranged at intervals along the left and right directions, and the two connectors in each pair arranged at intervals along the front and back directions.

3. The rear support of the open-type TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are both set in pairs. The two first adjustment structures (8) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures (9) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The auxiliary seats (7) are also set in pairs, and the two auxiliary seats (7) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively.

4. The rear support of the open-type TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures (8) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures (9) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat (7), respectively. The adjustment frame includes a pair of connecting parts for connecting with the second adjustment structure. The two connecting parts of the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat (7), respectively.

5. The rear support of the open-type TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the outrigger is connected to a boot plate (3) for bracing against the cave wall. The outrigger includes two support telescopic devices (2) arranged in the front and rear directions. The two ends of the two support telescopic devices (2) are movably connected to the adjustment frame and the boot plate (3) respectively.

6. The rear support of the open-type TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical adjustment device is connected to the connecting seat (6) and / or the adjustment frame via a ball joint structure.

7. A rear support for an open-type TBM, comprising an adjustment frame, a connecting seat (6), and a vertical adjustment device (10) connecting the adjustment frame and the connecting seat (6). The adjustment frame is a frame structure, and in use, the adjustment frame is fitted onto the main beam. Support legs are provided on the lower left and right sides of the adjustment frame. Its characteristic is that... It also includes an auxiliary seat (7), a first adjustment structure (8) between the connecting seat (6) and the adjustment frame, and a second adjustment structure (9) between the auxiliary seat (7) and the adjustment frame. One of the first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) is used to drive the corresponding part of the adjustment frame to move back and forth, and the other is used to keep the corresponding part of the adjustment frame in place so that the adjustment frame can pitch and rotate. One of the first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) is a telescopic drive device, and the other is a fixed-length auxiliary component. The telescopic drive device and the auxiliary component are movably connected to the adjustment frame. The telescopic drive device and the auxiliary component are connected to the connecting seat (6) and the adjustment frame. Connecting seat (6) or auxiliary seat (7) is movably connected; connecting seat (6) is used to be installed on the upper or lower side of the main beam or inner frame, and auxiliary seat (7) is used to be installed on the lower or upper side of the main beam or inner frame; connecting seats are arranged in pairs and the two connecting seats in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame respectively; the first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both arranged in pairs, the two first adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the connecting seat or adjustment frame respectively, and the two second adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat or adjustment frame respectively; the telescopic drive device of the first adjustment structure is installed on the connecting seat through a spherical bearing or ball joint.

8. The rear support of the open-type TBM according to claim 7, characterized in that, There are two pairs of connectors, with the two pairs of connectors arranged at intervals along the left and right directions, and the two connectors in each pair arranged at intervals along the front and back directions.

9. The rear support of the open-type TBM according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are both set in pairs. The two first adjustment structures (8) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures (9) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The auxiliary seats (7) are also set in pairs, and the two auxiliary seats (7) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively.

10. The rear support of the open-type TBM according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures (8) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures (9) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat (7), respectively. The adjustment frame includes a pair of connecting parts for connecting with the second adjustment structure. The two connecting parts of the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat (7), respectively.

11. The rear support of the open-type TBM according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the outrigger is connected to a boot plate (3) for bracing against the cave wall. The outrigger includes two support telescopic devices (2) arranged in the front and rear directions. The two ends of the two support telescopic devices (2) are movably connected to the adjustment frame and the boot plate (3) respectively.

12. The rear support of the open-type TBM according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vertical adjustment device is connected to the connecting seat (6) and / or the adjustment frame via a ball joint structure.

13. An open-type TBM, comprising a rear support and a main beam or inner lining, characterized in that, The rear support includes an adjustment frame, a connecting seat (6), and a vertical adjustment device (10) connecting the adjustment frame and the connecting seat (6). The adjustment frame is a frame structure. When in use, the adjustment frame is fitted onto the main beam. Support legs are provided on the lower left and right sides of the adjustment frame. It also includes an auxiliary seat (7). A first adjustment structure (8) is provided between the connecting seat (6) and the adjustment frame, and a second adjustment structure (9) is provided between the auxiliary seat (7) and the adjustment frame. The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are respectively used to drive the corresponding parts of the adjustment frame to move in opposite directions in the front and rear directions so that the adjustment frame can pitch and rotate. The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are both telescopic drive devices. The telescopic drive device and the adjustment frame are movably connected, and the telescopic drive device is movably connected to the connecting seat (6) or the auxiliary seat (7); the connecting seat (6) is installed on the upper or lower side of the main beam or the inner frame, and the auxiliary seat (7) is installed on the lower or upper side of the main beam or the inner frame; the connecting seats are arranged in pairs, and the two connecting seats in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame respectively; the first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both arranged in pairs, and the two first adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the connecting seat or the adjustment frame respectively, and the two second adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat or the adjustment frame respectively; the telescopic drive device of the first adjustment structure is installed on the connecting seat through a spherical bearing or a ball joint.

14. The open-type TBM according to claim 13, characterized in that, There are two pairs of connectors, with the two pairs of connectors arranged at intervals along the left and right directions, and the two connectors in each pair arranged at intervals along the front and back directions.

15. The open-type TBM according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are both set in pairs. The two first adjustment structures (8) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures (9) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The auxiliary seats (7) are also set in pairs, and the two auxiliary seats (7) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively.

16. The open-type TBM according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures (8) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures (9) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat (7), respectively. The adjustment frame includes a pair of connecting parts for connecting with the second adjustment structure. The two connecting parts of the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat (7), respectively.

17. The open-type TBM according to claim 13, characterized in that, The end of the outrigger is connected to a boot plate (3) for bracing against the cave wall. The outrigger includes two support telescopic devices (2) arranged in the front and rear directions. The two ends of the two support telescopic devices (2) are movably connected to the adjustment frame and the boot plate (3) respectively.

18. The open-type TBM according to claim 13, characterized in that, The vertical adjustment device is connected to the connecting seat (6) and / or the adjustment frame via a ball joint structure.

19. An open-type TBM, comprising a rear support and a main beam or inner lining, characterized in that, The rear support includes an adjustment frame, a connecting seat (6), and a vertical adjustment device (10) connecting the adjustment frame and the connecting seat (6). The adjustment frame is a frame structure. When in use, the adjustment frame is fitted onto the main beam. Support legs are provided on the lower left and right sides of the adjustment frame. It also includes an auxiliary seat (7). A first adjustment structure (8) is provided between the connecting seat (6) and the adjustment frame, and a second adjustment structure (9) is provided between the auxiliary seat (7) and the adjustment frame. One of the first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) is used to drive the corresponding part of the adjustment frame to move back and forth, and the other is used to keep the corresponding part of the adjustment frame in place so that the adjustment frame can pitch and rotate. One of the first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) is a telescopic drive device. The first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both fixed length auxiliary components. The telescopic drive device and the auxiliary components are movably connected to the adjustment frame. The telescopic drive device and the auxiliary components are movably connected to the connecting seat (6) or the auxiliary seat (7). The connecting seat (6) is installed on the upper or lower side of the main beam or the inner frame, and the auxiliary seat (7) is installed on the lower or upper side of the main beam or the inner frame. The connecting seats are arranged in pairs, and the two connecting seats in the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The first adjustment structure and the second adjustment structure are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the connecting seat or the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures in the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat or the adjustment frame, respectively. The telescopic drive device of the first adjustment structure is installed on the connecting seat through a spherical bearing or a ball joint.

20. The open-type TBM according to claim 19, characterized in that, There are two pairs of connectors, with the two pairs of connectors arranged at intervals along the left and right directions, and the two connectors in each pair arranged at intervals along the front and back directions.

21. The open-type TBM according to claim 19, characterized in that, The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are both set in pairs. The two first adjustment structures (8) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures (9) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The auxiliary seats (7) are also set in pairs, and the two auxiliary seats (7) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively.

22. The open-type TBM according to claim 19, characterized in that, The first adjustment structure (8) and the second adjustment structure (9) are both arranged in pairs. The two first adjustment structures (8) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the adjustment frame, respectively. The two second adjustment structures (9) of the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat (7), respectively. The adjustment frame includes a pair of connecting parts for connecting with the second adjustment structure. The two connecting parts of the same pair are located in front of and behind the auxiliary seat (7), respectively.

23. The open-type TBM according to claim 19, characterized in that, The end of the outrigger is connected to a boot plate (3) for bracing against the cave wall. The outrigger includes two support telescopic devices (2) arranged in the front and rear directions. The two ends of the two support telescopic devices (2) are movably connected to the adjustment frame and the boot plate (3) respectively.

24. The open-type TBM according to claim 19, characterized in that, The vertical adjustment device is connected to the connecting seat (6) and / or the adjustment frame via a ball joint structure.

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