Heat storage and supply system
By using a heat transfer medium of liquid metal and ferroelectric material in the heat storage and heating system, and using an electromagnetic pump to drive its circulating flow, the problems of large heat loss, high energy consumption and low utilization in the prior art are solved, and efficient heat transfer and storage are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411649100.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-18
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the energy storage system using water as the intermediate heat transfer medium has problems such as large heat loss, high energy consumption, and low utilization rate of phase change materials.
Using a heat storage and heating system based on liquid metal and ferroelectric materials, the heat transfer medium is circulated and flowed in the heat storage system and the heating system through the first electromagnetic pump and the second electromagnetic pump, and heat transfer and storage are used to transfer and store heat using the conductivity and thermal conductivity of the heat transfer medium.
It effectively reduces heat loss during heat transfer and energy loss during fluid flow, improves the heat storage and heating efficiency of the system, and reduces energy consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN119642624A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat utilization, and specifically provides a heat storage and heating system. Background Art
[0002] In traditional heat storage and heat transfer systems, water is usually used as a heat transfer medium to transfer the heat of the heat source to the solid-liquid phase change material to store the heat, and then the heat exchange equipment exchanges heat with the solid-liquid phase change material to release the heat: cold water exchanges heat with the heat source to obtain hot water, and the hot water flows to the solid-liquid phase change material under the action of the water pump to exchange heat with it, the solid-liquid phase change material absorbs and stores heat, and the solid-liquid phase change material and the heat-using equipment release heat. In this process, in addition to the heat exchange between the heat-using equipment and the phase change material, there are also two heat exchange processes: the heat exchange between the heat source and the water, and the heat exchange between water and the phase change material, which causes a large amount of heat loss. In addition, the transportation of water cannot be separated from the water pump. The water pump needs to overcome the pipeline resistance, the pressure generated by the water level, and the friction between the water pump's own blades and the water, etc., and the energy consumption is relatively high. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the solid-liquid phase change material is usually low, and it is very easy to have uneven temperature distribution during the heat exchange process, and the utilization rate of the phase change material is limited.
[0003] Accordingly, the art needs a new technical solution to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above technical problems, that is, to solve the problems of large heat loss, high energy consumption, low utilization rate of phase change materials, etc. in the energy storage system using water as the intermediate heat transfer medium in the prior art.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a heat storage and heat supply system based on liquid metal and ferroelectric materials, the heat storage and heat supply system comprising a heat storage system and a heat supply system, the heat storage system comprising a first electromagnetic pump, a heat exchanger and a liquid storage tank, the heat supply system comprising a second electromagnetic pump, a heat-using device and the liquid storage tank, the heat transfer medium being configured to circulate in the heat storage system and the heat supply system and having electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, the first electromagnetic pump being configured to circulate the heat transfer medium between the heat exchanger and the liquid storage tank when powered on so that the heat transfer medium exchanges heat with an external heat source at the heat exchanger, and the second electromagnetic pump being configured to circulate the heat transfer medium between the heat-using device and the liquid storage tank when powered on so that the heat exchange medium releases heat at the heat-using device.
[0006] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat storage and heating system, the heat exchanger has a first interface, a second interface, a third interface and a fourth interface, the first interface and the second interface are connected to each other, and the heat source inlet is connected to the first interface through a first pipe, and the heat source outlet is connected to the second interface, the third interface is connected to the fourth interface, and the third interface is connected to the outlet of the first electromagnetic pump through a second pipe, and the fourth interface is connected to the inlet of the liquid storage tank.
[0007] In a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat storage heating system, the heat storage heating system further includes a power generation device, which is electrically connected to at least the first electromagnetic pump, and is configured to at least be able to supply power to the first electromagnetic pump.
[0008] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat storage heating system, the power generation equipment is a thermoelectric generator.
[0009] In the preferred technical solution of the above heat storage and heating system, at least a portion of the first pipeline and the second pipeline are respectively arranged in contact with the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator.
[0010] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat storage and heating system, the heat transfer medium includes liquid metal and ferroelectric material.
[0011] In the preferred technical solution of the above heat storage and heating system, the liquid metal is a gallium-indium-tin alloy; and / or
[0012] The ferroelectric material is C8H 16 CdC 14 F4N2.
[0013] In the preferred technical solution of the above heat storage heating system, at least the outer side of the liquid storage tank is provided with a heat-insulating layer.
[0014] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat storage heating system, the liquid storage tank is a closed liquid storage tank.
[0015] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned heat storage and heating system, the external heat source is industrial waste heat, domestic waste heat or solar energy.
[0016] In the technical solution of the present invention, the heat storage system includes a first electromagnetic pump, a heat exchanger and a liquid storage tank, and the heat supply system includes a second electromagnetic pump, a heat-using device and a liquid storage tank, that is, the heat storage system and the heat supply system share a liquid storage tank. The heat transfer medium is a fluid containing a conductive material and a heat storage material. The heat transfer medium is driven to circulate in the heat storage system and the heat supply system by the first electromagnetic pump and the second electromagnetic pump, and the heat storage performance of the heat transfer medium is utilized to achieve heat transfer. When the first electromagnetic pump is powered on and running, it can drive the heat transfer medium to circulate between the heat exchanger and the liquid storage tank, so that the heat transfer medium can also exchange heat with an external heat source at the heat exchanger and absorb heat. When the second electromagnetic pump is powered on and circulated, it can drive the heat transfer medium to circulate between the heat-using device and the liquid storage tank, so that the heat transfer medium can also release heat at the heat-using device to meet the heat demand. Through such a setting, the first electromagnetic pump and the second electromagnetic pump are not in direct contact with the heat transfer medium, and both only need to overcome the friction between the heat transfer medium and the pipeline, without overcoming gravity, and without overcoming the friction between the pump's own blades and the fluid, which greatly reduces energy consumption. Moreover, the heat transfer process only includes the transfer between the heat transfer medium and the external heat source, and between the heat transfer medium and the heat-using equipment. The heat transfer medium is both a heat exchange fluid and a heat storage medium. There is no heat loss generated by the heat transfer of the intermediate heat transfer medium, which can effectively improve the thermal efficiency. At the same time, the heat transfer medium used to store heat is a fluid, and the temperature field in the liquid storage tank is uniform. Compared with the traditional solid-solid phase change material heat storage, the utilization rate of raw materials is high, which effectively improves the heat storage and heating efficiency of the system.
[0017] Furthermore, the system also includes a power generation device, which is connected to at least the first electromagnetic pump, and can supply power to the first electromagnetic pump through the power generation device. Specifically, the power generation device is a thermoelectric generator, which generates electricity by using the temperature difference between the heat source flowing through the first pipeline and the heat transfer medium flowing through the second pipeline, without the need for an external power supply, thus achieving self-supply of electric energy and further reducing system energy consumption.
[0018] Furthermore, the heat storage material is a ferroelectric material, and the conductive material is a liquid metal, that is, the heat transfer medium is a fluid containing liquid metal and ferroelectric material. This can ensure that the heat transfer medium is always in liquid form and can flow under the drive of an electromagnetic pump, and has a higher specific heat capacity, and can store more heat while quickly completing heat transfer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat storage heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention (I);
[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a heat storage heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention (II).
[0022] Reference numerals:
[0023] 1. First electromagnetic pump; 2. Second electromagnetic pump; 3. Liquid storage tank; 4. Heat exchanger; 5. Thermoelectric generator; 6. Heat-using equipment; 7. First pipeline; 8. Second pipeline; 9. Third pipeline; 10. Fourth pipeline; 11. Fifth pipeline; 12. Sixth pipeline; 13. Seventh pipeline; 14. Eighth pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
[0025] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "first" to "eighth" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0026] At present, traditional heat storage and heat transfer systems usually use water as a heat transfer medium: cold water first exchanges heat with a heat source to absorb heat to obtain hot water, solid-liquid phase change materials exchange heat with hot water to absorb heat and store heat, and then solid-liquid phase change materials exchange heat with heat-using equipment to release heat. In this process, three heat exchange processes are included, and each heat exchange will have a certain amount of heat loss, resulting in a large overall heat loss. At the same time, the resistance and friction that need to be overcome in the process of using a water pump to transport water are large, and the energy consumption is high. In addition, the solid-liquid phase change material has a low utilization rate due to its low thermal conductivity. To this end, the present invention sets the heat transfer medium as a fluid containing a conductive material and a heat storage material, and uses a first electromagnetic pump and a second electromagnetic pump to circulate the heat transfer medium in the heat storage system and the heat supply system, so that it can not only ensure the transfer of heat and meet the heat demand, but also reduce the heat loss in the heat transfer process and the energy loss in the fluid flow process, effectively improving the heat storage and heat supply efficiency of the system.
[0027] like Figure 1As shown, the heat storage and heating system of the present invention includes two independent and interrelated systems, namely, a heat storage system and a heating system, wherein the heat storage system includes a first electromagnetic pump 1, a heat exchanger 4 and a liquid storage tank 3, and the heating system includes a second electromagnetic pump 2, a heat-using device 6 and a liquid storage tank 3. The heat transfer medium is configured to be able to circulate in the heat storage system and the heating system and has electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. Based on this, the heat storage system and the heating system share a liquid storage tank 3, and based on the electrical conductivity of the heat transfer medium, the heat transfer medium can be transported by the first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2. Under the action of the first electromagnetic pump 1, the heat transfer medium circulates between the heat exchanger 4 and the liquid storage tank 3, and the heat transfer medium from the liquid storage tank 3 exchanges heat with the external heat source at the heat exchanger 4, absorbs the heat of the external heat source, and then flows to the liquid storage tank 3 to store heat. Under the action of the second electromagnetic pump 2, the heat transfer medium circulates between the heat-using device 6 and the liquid storage tank 3, and the heat transfer medium from the liquid storage tank 3 flows to the heat-using device 6 and releases heat to meet the heat demand of the heat-using device 6. It can be seen that since there are no mechanical moving parts inside the electromagnetic pump, no friction such as between water and the blades of the water pump, or between water and other parts inside the water pump, will be generated between the heat transfer medium and the first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2. In this way, during the circulation of the heat transfer medium, the first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2 only need to overcome the friction between the heat transfer medium and the pipeline, which greatly reduces energy consumption. During the heat transfer process, the heat transfer medium can be used as a heat exchange fluid to exchange heat between the heat exchanger 4 and the heat-using device 6, and can also be used as a heat storage medium to store heat in the liquid storage tank 3. That is to say, the heat transfer medium is used as both a heat exchange fluid and a heat storage medium. When it circulates in the heat storage system and the heat supply system, there is only one heat exchange process, which eliminates the heat exchange between the intermediate heat transfer medium and the external heat source and the heat storage material, reduces the heat exchange process, and reduces the large amount of heat loss caused by multiple heat exchanges, thereby effectively improving the thermal efficiency. In addition, since the heat transfer medium used to store heat is a fluid, the temperature field in the liquid storage tank 3 is uniform. Compared with the traditional solid-solid phase change material heat storage, the utilization rate of the raw materials is high, which effectively improves the heat storage and heating efficiency of the system.
[0028] In a possible embodiment, the heat transfer medium includes liquid metal and ferroelectric material, and the liquid metal has fluidity, good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and can flow in a certain direction under the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic pump after power is turned on. Ferroelectric material has a high specific heat capacity, and it is prepared into powder, evenly dispersed in the liquid metal and flows with the liquid metal. After the heat transfer medium absorbs heat and heats up, the ferroelectric material is still in powder form, evenly dispersed in the liquid metal, and flows with it. Based on this, the heat transfer medium of the present invention can be used as a heat exchange medium to circulate in the system, exchange heat with external heat to transfer heat, and can also be used as a heat storage medium to provide heat for the heat-using device 6 to release heat, thereby meeting the user's heat demand. In addition, the thermal conductivity of liquid metal is good, the thermal conductivity efficiency is high, the temperature distribution of the heat transfer medium in each pipeline and equipment is relatively uniform, and the ferroelectric materials dispersed in various places in the liquid metal can absorb the same heat equally, which greatly improves the utilization rate of raw materials. In addition, since ferroelectric materials have a higher specific heat capacity, when transferring and storing the same amount of heat, their volume is much smaller than when using water as the heat transfer medium. Therefore, the volume of the liquid storage tank 3 required is greatly reduced, and the floor space of the liquid storage tank 3 is also greatly reduced.
[0029] The liquid metal is a gallium indium tin alloy. The proportion of each metal element in the gallium indium tin alloy is different, and the solidification temperature of the gallium indium tin alloy is different. Therefore, the solidification temperature of the gallium indium tin alloy can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of metal gallium, indium, and tin, such as 8°C, 11°C, 16°C, etc. The solidification temperature of the gallium indium tin alloy should be lower than the phase change temperature of the ferroelectric material and lower than the temperature after the heat transfer medium and the heat-using equipment 6 exchange heat. In this way, the phase change latent heat of the ferroelectric material can be fully utilized to achieve heat transfer and heat storage, ensuring that the liquid metal is always in liquid state and has fluidity when the heat storage heating system is running, which can drive the ferroelectric material to flow unimpeded.
[0030] It should be noted that a liquid metal database can be pre-built, in which different proportions of gallium, indium, and tin and their corresponding solidification temperatures are stored. When determining the specific proportion of the gallium-indium-tin alloy, the phase change temperature of the ferroelectric material and the temperature after the heat transfer medium and the heat-using device 6 are matched with the solidification temperature in the database, and the solidification temperature lower than the phase change temperature and lower than the temperature after the heat exchange is determined as the target temperature, and then the element proportion corresponding to the target temperature is determined as the target proportion of the gallium-indium-tin alloy. Obviously, the proportions of various elements in the gallium-indium-tin alloy can also be determined in other ways, such as constructing a comparison table or other possible methods.
[0031] It should be noted that the liquid metal may also be other types of metals and their metal alloys such as mercury, cesium, rubidium, potassium, sodium, lithium, bismuth, thallium, cadmium, lead, zinc, antimony, magnesium, aluminum, etc., for example, indium tin bismuth alloy, indium tin alloy, etc. Without departing from the basic principles of the present application, those skilled in the art can flexibly select the specific composition of the liquid metal according to the specific application scenario, as long as it has a low melting point and can always remain in liquid form during operation. Of course, the heat transfer medium may not include liquid metal, but may include other materials with electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, such as ionic liquids, etc., as long as the heat transfer medium can have good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, ensure that the heat transfer medium can circulate in the system, and meet the needs of heat transfer and storage.
[0032] Ferroelectric materials usually refer to a class of materials with ferroelectric effect. They belong to a type of solid-solid phase change material. They have a large latent heat during the phase change process and can absorb and release a large amount of heat. In practical applications, the ferroelectric materials that meet the requirements can be selected based on the actual temperature of the external heat source, the required temperature of the heat storage, the required temperature of the heat-using equipment, and other factors. For example, C8H 16 CdCl4F4N2 (3,3-difluorocyclobutylammonium cadmium salt), etc.
[0033] It should be noted that when determining the target ferroelectric material, a ferroelectric material database can be pre-constructed, in which different ferroelectric materials and their corresponding phase transition temperatures (or Curie temperatures) are stored, for example, 153°C, 120°C, 49°C, 80°C, etc. The temperature of the external heat source is matched with the phase transition temperature (or Curie temperature) in the database, and the phase transition temperature (or Curie temperature) equivalent to the temperature of the external heat source is determined as the target temperature, and the ferroelectric material corresponding to the target temperature is determined as the target ferroelectric material. If there are multiple ferroelectric materials corresponding to the target temperature, the ferroelectric material with the largest latent heat of phase change among these ferroelectric materials is determined as the target ferroelectric material. The larger the latent heat of phase change, the more heat a unit volume of ferroelectric material can carry, and the more heat a unit volume of heat transfer medium can transfer and store. For example, when the temperature of the external heat source is 80°C, the ferroelectric material with the largest latent heat of phase change among the ferroelectric materials corresponding to 80°C is determined as the target ferroelectric material.
[0034] It should be noted that the heat transfer medium may not include ferroelectric materials, but may include other types of solid-solid phase change materials, such as polyols such as pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolethane, Li2SO4, KHF2, and other inorganic salts, and organic polymers such as high-density polyethylene. Of course, the heat transfer medium may also include other materials with higher latent heat of phase change or specific heat capacity, such as solid-liquid phase change materials such as paraffin, polyethylene glycol, and fatty alcohols. Without departing from the basic principles of the present application, those skilled in the art can flexibly select according to specific application scenarios, as long as the heat transfer medium can have good thermal conductivity and heat storage, ensure that the heat transfer medium can quickly absorb heat and release heat when circulating in the system, and meet the heat transfer and storage requirements of the system.
[0035] Based on the above-mentioned setting, the heat transfer medium containing liquid metal and ferroelectric material has good fluidity and conductivity. The heat transfer medium can be circulated and transported in the heat storage system and the heating system by using the quiet and efficient first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2. It also has high heat capacity and good thermal conductivity, so that the phase change material is heated evenly, and heat exchange can be achieved quickly and efficiently, and the heat storage and heat release speed is accelerated, so that the temperature distribution in each part of the liquid storage tank 3 is uniform, and the heat storage performance of the heat transfer medium in the tank is fully utilized, which greatly improves the utilization rate of the material. In addition, compared with water, the same volume of heat transfer medium can store more heat. When providing the same amount of heat to the heating system, the volume of the required liquid storage tank 3 is greatly reduced.
[0036] Continue to refer to Figure 1 The heat exchanger 4 has a first interface, a second interface, a third interface and a fourth interface. The first interface is connected to the second interface, the third interface is connected to the fourth interface, the heat source inlet is connected to the first interface through the first pipe 7, the heat source outlet is connected to the second interface through the third pipe 9, the inlet of the first electromagnetic pump 1 is connected to the first outlet of the liquid storage tank 3 through the fourth pipe 10, the outlet of the first electromagnetic pump 1 is connected to the third interface through the second pipe 8, and the fourth interface is connected to the first inlet of the liquid storage tank 3 through the fifth pipe 11. Therefore, when the heat storage system is running, the external heat source enters the heat exchanger 4 through the first pipe 7 and the first interface, and the heat transfer medium in the liquid storage tank 3 enters the heat exchanger 4 through the first outlet, the fourth pipe 10, the first electromagnetic pump 1, and the third interface under the action of the first electromagnetic pump 1, and exchanges heat with the external heat source. The external heat source after cooling is discharged through the third pipe 9, and the heated heat transfer medium returns to the liquid storage tank 3 through the fourth interface, the fifth pipe 11 and the first inlet of the liquid storage tank 3. In this way, the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heat storage system is increased.
[0037] Continue to refer to Figure 1, the inlet of the second electromagnetic pump 2 is connected to the second outlet of the liquid storage tank 3 through the sixth pipe 12, the outlet of the second electromagnetic pump 2 is connected to the inlet of the heat-using device 6 through the seventh pipe 13, and the outlet of the heat-using device 6 is connected to the second inlet of the liquid storage tank 3 through the eighth pipe 14. When the heating system is in operation, the heat transfer medium in the liquid storage tank 3 reaches the heat-using device 6, such as a heat pump, a radiator, and a floor heater, through the second outlet, the sixth pipe 12, the second electromagnetic pump 2, and the seventh pipe 13 under the action of the second electromagnetic pump 2, and then returns to the liquid storage tank 3 through the eighth pipe 14 and the second inlet of the liquid storage tank 3 after releasing heat at the heat-using device 6, and the cycle is repeated to release the heat stored in the heat transfer medium in the liquid storage tank 3.
[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the heat storage heating system also includes a power generation device, which is electrically connected to the first electromagnetic pump 1. The power generation device can be used to power the first electromagnetic pump 1, without the need for an external power supply, so that the power supply is self-supplied, and the energy consumption of the system is further reduced. The power generation device is a thermoelectric generator 5, which is also called a temperature difference generator. Its working principle is to convert thermal energy into electrical energy based on the thermocouple principle: its core component, the thermocouple, is composed of two different materials, p-type and n-type, in the form of a wire. One end of the two materials is connected to each other and is called a hot electrode, that is, a hot end, and the other end is called a cold electrode, that is, a cold end. If the temperature of the hot electrode is higher than that of the cold electrode, due to the different active types of the two materials, the number of active electrons is also different, so that a voltage will be generated at both ends, thereby supplying power to the load. In other words, the thermoelectric generator 5 has a hot end and a cold end, and its hot end is electrically connected to the positive pole of the first electromagnetic pump 1 through an electrical conductor, and the cold end is electrically connected to the negative pole of the first electromagnetic pump 1 through an electrical conductor, so that the thermoelectric generator 5 and the first electromagnetic pump 1 form a closed circuit. At least a portion of the first pipe 7 and the second pipe 8 are respectively disposed on the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator 5 (eg Figure 1 There is a temperature difference between the external heat source in the first pipe 7 and the heat transfer medium in the second pipe 8, thereby generating a potential difference between the hot end and the cold end, forming a current in the closed circuit, and supplying power to the first electromagnetic pump 1. Through such an arrangement, the temperature difference between the external heat source and the heat transfer medium flowing through the second pipe 8 is used to generate electricity, and then supply power to the first electromagnetic pump 1, so that the heat source is fully utilized, the self-supply of electric energy is realized, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
[0039] It should be noted that the first pipe 7 and the second pipe 8 that are attached to the thermoelectric generator 5 can be arranged in a straight pipe shape, a wavy shape, or other possible ways such as a curve or a coil. Obviously, the first pipe 7 and the fourth pipe 10 can also be attached to the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator 5. Without departing from the basic principles of the present application, those skilled in the art can flexibly choose according to the specific application scenario, as long as a temperature difference can be formed between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator 5 and the power supply of the first electromagnetic pump 1 can be ensured.
[0040] It should be noted that the thermoelectric generator 5 can also be electrically connected to the first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2, respectively, to supply power to the first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2, respectively or simultaneously. Of course, the thermoelectric generator 5 can also be electrically connected to the second electromagnetic pump 2 to supply power to the second electromagnetic pump 2. Obviously, in order to ensure the stable operation of the system, the first electromagnetic pump 1 and / or the second electromagnetic pump 2 can also be connected to an external power supply, so as to ensure the power supply of the first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2 when the power generation of the thermoelectric generator 5 is insufficient or in the initial stage of the system operation.
[0041] It should also be noted that the power generation equipment may also be other types of generators such as solar power generators, wind power generators, gas generators, diesel generators, etc. Of course, the heat storage heating system may also not be provided with power generation equipment, and the first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2 may be powered by an external power supply.
[0042] Without departing from the basic principles of the present application, those skilled in the art can flexibly select according to the specific application scenario, as long as the power supply of the first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2 can be ensured.
[0043] In a possible implementation, a heat-insulating layer is provided on the outside of the liquid storage tank 3, and a heat-insulating layer is provided on the outside of the connecting pipes between the liquid storage tank 3 and the heat exchanger 4, the liquid storage tank 3 and the heat-using equipment 6, and the heat source inlet and the heat exchanger 4 to prevent heat loss. The heat-insulating layer can be made of heat-insulating materials such as glass wool, rock wool, rigid polyurethane foam, polyurethane, etc., and then coated on the outside of the tank body and the pipe, or can be made of heat-insulating materials such as aerogel, gypsum, polymer cement, etc., and laid on the outside of the tank body and the pipe.
[0044] It should be noted that an insulation layer may be provided on the outside of only one or any two or any three of the liquid storage tank 3, the connecting pipe between the liquid storage tank 3 and the heat exchanger 4, the connecting pipe between the liquid storage tank 3 and the heat-using equipment 6, and the connecting pipe between the heat source inlet and the heat exchanger 4.
[0045] In a possible implementation, the liquid storage tank 3 is a closed liquid storage tank, that is, the liquid storage tank 3 storing the heat transfer medium is a closed container, thereby isolating the heat storage system and the heating system from the outside world, forming an independent, closed system, and the pressure in the system is not affected by the atmospheric pressure. When the first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2 are used to transport the heat transfer medium, there is no need to overcome the gravity generated by the liquid level height, and only the friction between the heat transfer medium and the pipeline during the flow process needs to be overcome, thereby further reducing the energy consumption of the system. Of course, the liquid storage tank 3 can also be other types of tanks.
[0046] In a possible implementation, the external heat source is industrial waste heat, domestic waste heat or solar energy, and the temperature of the heat transfer medium is increased by heat exchange with these external heat sources. Of course, the external heat source can also be heat generated by computer rooms, geothermal heat, building waste heat (such as waste heat generated when air conditioning systems or heating systems are running), transportation waste heat (such as waste heat generated when cars, trains, airplanes and other transportation vehicles are running), etc.
[0047] In the following, the external heat source is industrial waste heat at about 90°C and the ferroelectric material is C8H 16 CdC 14 F4N2, using heat equipment 6 as an example of a dryer and combining Figure 2 To illustrate the possible implementation of the heat storage and heating system of the present invention. 16 CdC 14 The solid-solid phase change temperature range of F4N2 is about 80°C, the latent heat of phase change is 25.26 kJ / kg, and the blowing temperature of the dryer is about 70°C.
[0048] When the heat storage system starts to operate, there is a large temperature difference between the external heat source at 90°C in the first pipe 7 and the heat transfer medium with a lower temperature in the second pipe 8. Under the action of this temperature difference, the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator 5 generate a potential difference, thereby generating current in the closed circuit formed between it and the first electromagnetic pump 1, and supplying power to the first electromagnetic pump 1. After the first electromagnetic pump 1 is powered on, it provides power to the heat transfer medium, so that the heat transfer medium moves along the Figure 2The direction of the solid arrow flows from the closed liquid storage tank through the fourth pipe 10, the second pipe 8 and the third interface of the heat exchanger 4 into the heat exchanger 4, and exchanges heat with the external heat source that enters the heat exchanger 4 through the first interface of the heat exchanger 4. At the heat exchanger 4, the heat transfer medium absorbs the heat of the external heat source and converts it into its own sensible heat, and the temperature rises. When the temperature rises to the solid-solid phase change temperature range of the ferroelectric material in the heat transfer medium, the heat is converted into the solid-solid phase change latent heat of the ferroelectric material. The heat transfer medium that has fully absorbed the heat enters the closed liquid storage tank for storage for use in the heating system. As the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the closed liquid storage tank rises, the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator 5 gradually decreases, the electric energy it can provide to the first electromagnetic pump 1 decreases, and the flow rate of the heat transfer medium decreases until the electric energy generated by the temperature difference between its two ends of the thermoelectric generator 5 is insufficient to drive the first electromagnetic pump 1, and the heat storage process is completed.
[0049] When there is no demand for heat, the tank body of the closed liquid storage tank will have more or less heat loss, and the temperature of the heat transfer medium will drop. At this time, the temperature difference between the two ends of the thermoelectric generator 5 increases, and the generated electric energy drives the first electromagnetic pump 1 to operate, driving the heat transfer medium in the closed liquid storage tank to flow to the heat exchanger 4 to continue to exchange heat with the external heat source, and the temperature of the heat transfer medium is increased again. In this way, when there is no demand for heat, a dynamic balance can always be maintained, so that the energy stored in the heat transfer medium in the closed liquid storage tank is within a dynamic balance range, which is convenient for the subsequent evaluation of heat demand, and this process does not require external power supply, and the energy consumption is low.
[0050] When the heat-using device 6 has a demand for heat, the second electromagnetic pump 2 is started, so that the heat transfer medium in the closed liquid storage tank reaches the coil of the heat-using device 6-dryer through the second outlet, the sixth pipeline 12 and the seventh pipeline 13, and releases heat to the outside, the temperature is reduced, and then returns to the closed liquid storage tank through the eighth pipeline 14, and the cycle continues to provide heat for the dryer. After the heat transfer medium releases heat at the heat-using device 6 and returns to the closed liquid storage tank, the temperature of the heat transfer medium therein will be reduced. At this time, the temperature difference between the two ends of the thermoelectric generator 5 will increase accordingly, and the first electromagnetic pump 1 will be powered. The heat transfer medium in the closed liquid storage tank can enter the heat exchanger 4 through the first outlet, the fourth pipeline 10 and the second pipeline 8 to exchange heat with the external heat source, absorb heat, increase the temperature, and then return to the closed liquid storage tank. In this way, the heat transfer medium absorbs heat in the heat storage system while releasing heat in the heating system. The two systems operate simultaneously to ensure the stable and continuous operation of the dryer.
[0051] In summary, in the preferred technical solution of the present invention, by setting the heat transfer medium as a fluid with electrical conductivity and conductivity, and capable of circulating in the heat storage system and the heat supply system under the action of the first electromagnetic pump 1 and the second electromagnetic pump 2, it is possible to greatly reduce energy loss, improve thermal efficiency and raw material utilization, reduce friction, gravity, etc. that need to be overcome during the flow of the heat transfer medium, and greatly reduce system energy consumption. By setting the thermoelectric generator 5, the temperature difference between the external heat source in the first pipe 7 and the heat transfer medium in the second pipe 8 is used to generate electricity and power the first electromagnetic pump 1, thereby realizing self-supply of electric energy and further reducing system energy consumption. By setting the heat transfer medium as a fluid containing liquid metal and ferroelectric material, it is possible to ensure that the heat transfer medium is always in liquid state and can flow under the drive of the electromagnetic pump, and has a higher specific heat capacity, and can store more heat while quickly completing heat transfer.
[0052] Although the various steps in the above embodiment are described in the above-mentioned chronological order, those skilled in the art can understand that in order to achieve the effect of this embodiment, different steps do not have to be executed in such an order. They can be executed simultaneously (in parallel) or in a reverse order. These simple changes are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0053] In addition, the above-mentioned replaceable embodiments, and the replaceable embodiments and the preferred embodiments can also be cross-coordinated and used, so as to combine new embodiments to be suitable for more specific application scenarios. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments means being within the scope of the present invention and forming different embodiments. For example, in the claims of the present invention, any one of the embodiments claimed for protection can be used in any combination.
[0054] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A heat storage heating system, characterized in that: The heat storage and heat supply system includes a heat storage system and a heat supply system. The heat storage system includes a first electromagnetic pump, a heat exchanger and a liquid storage tank. The heat supply system includes a second electromagnetic pump, a heat-using device and the liquid storage tank. The heat transfer medium is configured to circulate in the heat storage system and the heat supply system and has electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. The first electromagnetic pump is configured to circulate the heat transfer medium between the heat exchanger and the liquid storage tank when powered on, so that the heat transfer medium exchanges heat with an external heat source at the heat exchanger. The second electromagnetic pump is configured to circulate the heat transfer medium between the heat-using device and the liquid storage tank when powered on, so that the heat exchange medium releases heat at the heat-using device.
2. The heat storage heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger has a first interface, a second interface, a third interface and a fourth interface. The first interface and the second interface are connected to each other, and the heat source inlet is connected to the first interface through a first pipe, and the heat source outlet is connected to the second interface. The third interface is connected to the fourth interface, and the third interface is connected to the outlet of the first electromagnetic pump through a second pipe, and the fourth interface is connected to the inlet of the liquid storage tank.
3. The heat storage heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat storage heating system further includes a power generation device, which is electrically connected to at least the first electromagnetic pump, and is configured to at least supply power to the first electromagnetic pump.
4. The heat storage heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power generation device is a thermoelectric generator.
5. The heat storage heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least a portion of the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively disposed in contact with the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator.
6. The heat storage heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The heat transfer medium includes liquid metal and ferroelectric material.
7. The heat storage heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid metal is a gallium-indium-tin alloy; and / or The ferroelectric material is C8H 16 CdC 14 F4N2.
8. The heat storage heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: At least the outer side of the liquid storage tank is provided with a heat-insulating layer.
9. The heat storage heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The liquid storage tank is a closed liquid storage tank.
10. The heat storage heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The external heat source is industrial waste heat, domestic waste water waste heat or solar energy.