Sampling device for soil environment detection and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil environment detection, and particularly relates to a sampling device for soil environment detection and an operation method of the sampling device. A spiral piece is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the barrel, and an annular disc is fixedly connected to the top end of the barrel through a first bolt. The inner wall of the top opening of the barrel and the inner wall of the annular disc are positioned on the same annular surface; the bottom end of the barrel is conical; a sampling pipe is arranged in the cylinder body, and the outer wall of a bottom end opening of the sampling pipe is attached to the inner wall of a bottom end opening of the cylinder body; the cross section of the bottom end opening of the sampling pipe is an isosceles trapezoid; the outer ring wall of the annular disc is in threaded connection with a handle; a pair of symmetrically distributed first grooves are formed in the inner wall of the annular disc, and the top ends of the first grooves are in an opening state; a fixing block is fixed in the first groove through a fixing piece, and the middle of the fixing block covers an opening in the top end of the cylinder body; the problems that an existing sampling device is too heavy, inconvenient to carry and insufficient in manual operation sampling depth are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil environment detection, in particular to a sampling device for soil environment detection and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soil environmental monitoring is one of the important contents of environmental monitoring. Its purpose is to find out the background value, monitor, forecast and control the soil environmental quality. By monitoring the degree and development trend of soil pollution, soil problems can be discovered and solved in time, and soil pollution can be prevented from spreading to other environmental media and causing more serious environmental problems. At the same time, soil environmental testing is of great significance in protecting agricultural production, ensuring human health, maintaining ecological balance and promoting sustainable agricultural development. Soil sampling is an important part of soil environmental testing.

[0003] The sampling devices in the prior art are generally operated by electric or hydraulic drive. However, when researchers conduct soil environment sampling in the field, the load cannot be too heavy. Regardless of whether the sampling device is electric or hydraulically driven, it is too heavy for researchers to carry, and it is also inconvenient to carry too many backup power supplies for field operations. At the same time, when sampling is not carried out using electric or hydraulic drive, the deeper the sampling tube goes, the greater the force required, resulting in limited sampling depth. Sometimes when sampling is required at a deeper depth in the soil, it is difficult for researchers to rotate the sampling tube to the required depth for sampling.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a sampling device for soil environment detection and an operating method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve the problems that the existing sampling devices are too heavy, inconvenient to carry and the sampling depth is insufficient during manual operation, the present invention provides a sampling device for soil environment detection and an operating method thereof.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: a soil environment detection sampling device described in the present invention comprises a cylinder; a spiral sheet is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cylinder, and an annular disk is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder through a first bolt; the inner wall of the opening at the top of the cylinder and the inner wall of the annular disk are on the same annular surface; the bottom of the cylinder is conical; a sampling tube is arranged in the cylinder, and the outer wall of the opening at the bottom of the sampling tube and the inner wall of the opening at the bottom of the cylinder fit each other; the cross section of the bottom opening of the sampling tube is an isosceles trapezoid; a handle is threadedly connected to the outer ring wall of the annular disk; a pair of symmetrically distributed first grooves are opened on the inner wall of the annular disk, and the top of the first groove is in an open state; a fixing block is fixed in the first groove through a fixing member, and the middle part of the fixing block covers the top opening of the cylinder; the center of the top of the sampling tube is installed at the center of the bottom of the fixing block through a clamping member; inverted U-shaped rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the fixing block; the sampling tube is located in the cylinder, and when the sampling tube needs to be sampled downward separately, the sampling operation is performed by pressing down the pressing member.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing member includes a first locking block; a pair of first locking grooves are provided on the inner walls symmetrically distributed about the center of the cylinder; second grooves are provided on the side walls on both sides of the fixing block; the first locking block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second groove by a spring; a pull plate is fixedly connected to the middle part of the top of the fixing block by an elastic telescopic shaft; the pull plate and the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod are arranged in parallel, and the pull plate is located directly below the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod; a first pull rope is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first locking block, and the other end of the first pull rope passes through the fixing block and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the pull plate.

[0008] Preferably, the locking member includes a square block; a square block is fixedly connected to the middle part of the top end of the sampling tube; a square groove is opened in the middle part of the bottom end of the fixed block; second locking grooves are opened on the side walls on both sides of the square block; third grooves are opened on the side walls on both sides of the square groove; the second locking block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third groove through a spring; a second pull rope is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second locking block, and the other end of the second pull rope passes through the fixed block and is fixed to the bottom wall of the pull plate.

[0009] Preferably, the pressing member includes a pressing column; a pressing column is provided on the outer wall of the sampling tube; a first straight groove is provided on the inner wall of the annular disk; a second straight groove is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder; the first straight groove and the second straight groove correspond in position and are interconnected; a spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder, and the top opening of the spiral groove and the bottom end of the second straight groove are interconnected; the pressing column slides in the first straight groove, the second straight groove and the spiral groove; the sampling tube moves downward through the guide unit.

[0010] Preferably, the guide unit includes a guide column and a guide block; a pair of guide columns symmetrically distributed about the sampling tube are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed block, and the guide columns are located in the cylinder; a guide block is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sampling tube; a guide groove is provided on the guide block, and the guide column is slidably arranged in the guide groove.

[0011] Preferably, the inner top of the sampling tube is lower than the top opening of the cylinder and the downward pressure column; the end cross-sections of the first and second blocking blocks are both inverted right-angled trapezoids, and the inclined surfaces of the first and second blocking blocks are arranged downward.

[0012] Preferably, a first cavity is provided in the top of the sampling tube; a first slider is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first cavity by a spring; the pressure column is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider, and the other end of the pressure column extends through the sampling tube and is slidably connected to the first straight groove, the second straight groove and the spiral groove; an inverted right-angled trapezoidal through groove is provided in the first slider; a third straight groove is provided in the sampling tube and the square block, and the bottom end of the third straight groove and the first cavity are interconnected, and the top end of the third straight groove penetrates the sampling tube and the top end of the square block; a fourth straight groove is provided in the fixed block, and the top end of the fourth straight groove and the square groove are interconnected, and the top end of the fourth straight groove penetrates the fixed block, the pull plate and the inverted U-shaped rod; the third straight groove and the fourth straight groove are interconnected; a pressure rod is slid in the third straight groove and the fourth straight groove, and the pressure rod can be pulled out of the third straight groove and the fourth straight groove; a limiting unit is provided at the bottom end of the guide column.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting unit includes an inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove; an inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove is opened on the outer wall at the bottom end of the guide column; oblique grooves are opened on the inner walls on both sides of the inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove; a limiting block is slidably connected in the inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove; a sliding rod is fixed to the limiting block, and both sides of the sliding rod are slidably connected in the oblique groove, and a spring is fixed between the sliding rod and the top of the oblique groove; a third pull rope is fixed to the limiting block, and the top end of the third pull rope passes through the guide column and the fixed block and is fixed to the bottom end of the pull plate.

[0014] Preferably, a group of second cavities is opened in the sampling tube; a plurality of weighted balls are placed in each of the group of second cavities; a plurality of thread grooves are opened in the annular disk; a threaded limiting rod is threadedly installed in each of the thread grooves.

[0015] An operating method of a soil environment detection sampling device, the method adopts the above-mentioned soil environment detection sampling device, and the steps of the method are as follows: S1: First, install the sampling tube on the fixing block through the clamping piece, then put the sampling tube into the cylinder, and then install the fixing block in the first groove of the annular disk; S2: When sampling, align the bottom of the cylinder with the sampling soil position, and then rotate the annular disk through the handle to rotate the cylinder and then move it into the soil. At this time, the bottom of the sampling tube is in an open state. When the cylinder moves downward, the soil can be collected through the sampling tube; S3: When the sampling tube is sampling separately, the fixing parts of the fixing block and the locking parts of the sampling tube are released. At this time, the sampling tube is located in the cylinder body, and the cylinder body does not rotate. The inverted U-shaped rod is rotated to drive the fixing block and the sampling tube to rotate. At the same time, the sampling tube is driven downward through the pressing part, thereby driving the sampling tube to sample the soil.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The soil environment detection sampling device provided by the present invention can be disassembled through the fixed block, sampling tube, cylinder and annular disk in the whole device, which is convenient for storage and carrying. The overall weight is lighter than that of an electric or hydraulically driven sampling device, and no additional power supply is required for operation, which is convenient for field sampling operations by scientific researchers, and soil samples of the required depth can be collected through manual operation.

[0017] 2. The sampling device for soil environment detection provided by the present invention has to ensure that the cylinder is motionless when the cylinder is at the lowest point so that the sampling tube can sample alone. Therefore, the threaded limit rod can be threaded in the threaded groove. When the sampling device is extended into the ground, the cylinder can be ensured to be motionless. When sampling is performed on the cylinder, the threaded limit rod can be omitted and used according to the situation. The function of the counterweight ball is to ensure that the downward pressure column enters the spiral groove when the sampling tube is separated from the fixing of the locking member when sampling alone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle part; Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the cylinder and the annular disk; Figure 7 is a stereogram of the fixing block and the sampling tube; Figure 8 yes Figure 1A partial top-sectional view of the first groove in FIG. Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the cylinder; Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of the fixed block; Fig.11 is a cross-sectional view of the sampling tube; In the figure: 1, cylinder; 11, spiral sheet; 12, first bolt; 13, annular disk; 14, handle; 15, first groove; 16, fixing block; 17, sampling tube; 18, inverted U-shaped rod; 2, second groove; 21, first clamping block; 22, first clamping slot; 23, first pull rope; 24, pull plate; 25, elastic telescopic shaft; 3, square block; 31, square slot; 32, third groove; 33, second clamping slot; 34, second clamping block; 35, second pull rope; 4, third A straight groove; 41. A second straight groove; 42. A spiral groove; 43. A downward pressure column; 44. A guide column; 45. A guide block; 46. A guide groove; 5. A first cavity; 51. A first slider; 52. A third straight groove; 53. A fourth straight groove; 54. An inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove; 55. A downward pressure rod; 56. An inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove; 57. An inclined groove; 58. A limit block; 59. A slide rod; 591. A third pull rope; 6. A second cavity; 61. A counterweight ball; 62. A threaded groove; 63. A threaded limit rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, a soil environment detection sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a cylinder 1; a spiral sheet 11 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cylinder 1, and an annular disk 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder 1 through a first bolt 12; the inner wall of the top opening of the cylinder 1 and the inner wall of the annular disk 13 are on the same annular surface; the bottom end of the cylinder 1 is conical; a sampling tube 17 is arranged in the cylinder 1, and the outer wall of the bottom opening of the sampling tube 17 and the inner wall of the bottom opening of the cylinder 1 fit each other; the cross section of the bottom opening of the sampling tube 17 is an isosceles trapezoid; the outer wall of the outer ring of the annular disk 13 is A handle 14 is threadedly connected; a pair of symmetrically distributed first grooves 15 are opened on the inner wall of the annular disk 13, and the top of the first groove 15 is in an open state; a fixing block 16 is fixed in the first groove 15 through a fixing member, and the middle of the fixing block 16 covers the top opening of the cylinder 1; the center of the top of the sampling tube 17 is installed at the center of the bottom of the fixing block 16 through a positioning member; inverted U-shaped rods 18 are fixed on both sides of the top of the fixing block 16; the sampling tube 17 is located in the cylinder 1, and when the sampling tube 17 needs to be sampled downward separately, it is pressed down The sampling device in the prior art is generally operated by electric or hydraulic drive, but when researchers conduct soil environment sampling in the field, the load should not be too heavy. Whether the sampling device is electric or hydraulic, it is too heavy for researchers to carry, and it is not convenient to carry too many backup power supplies for field operation. At the same time, when sampling is not performed by electric or hydraulic drive, the deeper the sampling tube goes, the greater the force required for its penetration, resulting in a limited sampling depth. Sometimes when sampling is required to go deeper into the soil, it is difficult for researchers to move the sampling tube Screw into the required depth position for sampling; for this purpose, when the present invention is working, first install the sampling tube 17 on the fixing block 16 through the clamping piece, then put the sampling tube 17 into the cylinder 1, and then install the fixing block 16 in the first groove 15 of the annular disk 13. When sampling is required, align the bottom end of the cylinder 1 with the sampling soil position, and then rotate the annular disk 13 by the handle 14 to rotate the cylinder 1 and then turn it into the soil. At this time, the bottom end of the sampling tube 17 is in an open state, and when the cylinder 1 moves downward, the soil can be collected through the sampling tube 17; However, the above operation has the following problems: In the first case, when the researcher rotates the cylinder 1 to take samples, the cylinder 1 is rotated to the lowest position, or the selected soil depth is lower than the length of the cylinder 1 itself. At this time, the sampling tube 17 finishes collecting samples, and then the fixing piece is released, and the fixing block 16 and the sampling tube 17 are first taken out of the cylinder 1, and then the positioning piece is released, and the sampling tube 17 is taken out and placed alone, that is, the sampling of the soil position here is completed; The second situation: when the cylinder 1 is screwed in, it does not reach the lowest point of the cylinder 1 or the depth of the selected soil (the soil is too soft and too hard, the scientific researchers are not strong enough, and the depth of the selected soil is lower than the main body length of the cylinder 1). At this time, the fixing parts of the fixing block 16 and the locking parts of the sampling tube 17 are also released, but the sampling tube 17 is still located in the cylinder 1. At this time, the cylinder 1 does not rotate. The inverted U-shaped rod 18 is rotated to rotate the fixing block 16 and the sampling tube 17. At the same time, the sampling tube 17 is driven downward by the pressing part (the cylinder 1 does not move). At this time, the cylinder 1 has already moved down a part, and the downward movement of the sampling tube 17 will not be affected by the friction of the soil that has been blocked by the cylinder 1. Moreover, it moves downward on the basis of the depth that has already moved down, which can effectively save the downward movement force of the sampling tube 17 (reducing the pressure and friction driven by the soil that has already moved down). At this time, the sampling tube 17 can be moved downward by manpower, and then the sampling tube 17 is extended to the required depth.

[0022] The third situation: the soil sampling is inserted too deep, and the depth is deeper than the main length of the cylinder 1 (the soil is moderately soft). First, take the initial sample, rotate the cylinder 1, and drive the fixed block 16 and the sampling tube 17 to rotate at the same time (at this time, the cylinder 1 is mainly in contact with the outer soil). After reaching the lowest point of the cylinder 1, first release the fixing parts, take the fixing block 16 and the sampling tube 17 out of the cylinder 1 (the cylinder 1 is below the ground), and then release the positioning parts, remove the seal of the sampling tube 17 that has been filled with soil samples, and then replace the new sampling tube 17 and put it into the cylinder 1, and then use the pressing part to bring the sampling tube 17 to the bottom of the cylinder 1. The sampling tube 17 is rotated, and only the sampling tube 17 is rotated downward (the cylinder 1 does not move, and only the sampling tube 17 and the soil are in contact with each other), and a separate sampling operation is performed (the cylinder 1 does not move). After reaching the required depth, the sampling tube 17 is taken out and sealed. The soil collected by the two sampling tubes 17 is the soil sample of the required depth. When the sampling tube 17 is sampled separately, the influence of the soil pressure above the position of the cylinder 1 can be effectively reduced, which can save manpower and complete the collection of the required soil sample (there are multiple sampling tubes 17, which can be replaced for use); The above operation can also avoid soil contamination (the sampling tube 17 can be quickly replaced); The cross-section of the opening at the bottom end of the sampling tube 17 is an isosceles trapezoid, which can ensure that the collected soil is partially squeezed into the sampling tube 17, avoiding the soil in the sampling tube 17 from becoming loose and causing the soil sample to scatter when the sampling tube 17 is taken out; at the same time, the fixed block 16, the sampling tube 17, the cylinder 1 and the annular disk 13 in the entire device can be disassembled for easy storage and carrying, and the overall weight is lighter than that of an electric or hydraulically driven sampling device, and no additional power supply is required for operation, which is convenient for field sampling operations by scientific researchers (a level meter can be provided at the top of the annular disk 13 to facilitate vertical sampling. The level meter is a prior art and will not be elaborated here).

[0023] The fixing member includes a first positioning block 21; a pair of first grooves 15 are symmetrically distributed about the center of the cylinder 1, and a first positioning groove 22 is provided on the inner wall; a second groove 2 is provided on the side walls of both sides of the fixing block 16; the bottom of the second groove 2 is fixedly connected to the first positioning block 21 through a spring; the middle part of the top of the fixing block 16 is fixedly connected to a pull plate 24 through an elastic telescopic shaft 25; the pull plate 24 is arranged in parallel with the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod 18, and the pull plate 24 is located directly below the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod 18; the first positioning block 21 A first pull rope 23 is fixedly connected to the side wall, and the other end of the first pull rope 23 passes through the fixing block 16 and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the pull plate 24; during operation, when it is necessary to install the fixing block 16 in the first groove 15 or remove the fixing of the fixing block 16, one only needs to align the hand with the inverted U-shaped rod 18, then hook the pull plate 24 with the hand, and pull the pull plate 24 upward, and the first clamping block 21 can be retracted into the second groove 2 by pulling the first pull rope 23, so that the first clamping block 21 can be disengaged from the first clamping groove 22, thereby completing the installation or removal of the fixing block 16.

[0024] The clamping member includes a square block 3; a square block 3 is fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the sampling tube 17; a square groove 31 is opened in the middle of the bottom of the fixing block 16; second clamping grooves 33 are opened on both side walls of the square block 3; third grooves 32 are opened on both side walls of the square groove 31; a second clamping block 34 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third groove 32 through a spring; a second pull rope 35 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second clamping block 34, and the other end of the second pull rope 35 passes through the fixing block 16 and is fixed It is connected to the bottom wall of the pull plate 24; during operation, when the sampling tube 17 needs to be installed or removed, the pull plate 24 is pulled to move the pull plate 24 upward, thereby driving the second pull rope 35 to retract the second clamping block 34 into the third groove 32, so that the second clamping block 34 is disengaged from the second clamping groove 33, and the installation or disassembly of the sampling tube 17 is completed. At the same time, the pull plate 24 is provided with multiple gears when held by hand. During the upward movement of the pull plate 24, the first clamping block 21 is disengaged first, and then the second clamping block 34 is disengaged.

[0025] The pressing member includes a pressing column 43; the outer wall of the sampling tube 17 is provided with a pressing column 43; the inner wall of the annular disk 13 is provided with a first straight groove 4; the inner wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a second straight groove 41; the first straight groove 4 and the second straight groove 41 are provided with corresponding positions and are interconnected; the inner wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a spiral groove 42, and the top opening of the spiral groove 42 and the bottom position of the second straight groove 41 are interconnected; the pressing column 43 slides in the first straight groove 4, the second straight groove 41 and the spiral groove 42; the sampling tube 17 moves downward through the guide unit; The guide unit includes a guide column 44 and a guide block 45; a pair of guide columns 44 symmetrically distributed about the sampling tube 17 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed block 16, and the guide columns 44 are located in the cylinder 1; the outer wall of the sampling tube 17 is symmetrically fixed with a guide block 45; the guide block 45 is provided with a guide groove 46, and the guide column 44 slides in the guide groove 46; During operation, the sampling tube 17 is first installed on the fixed block 16 through the positioning piece, and then enters the barrel 1 along the first straight groove 4 and the second straight groove 41 through the pressing column 43. At this time, the sampling tube 17 is placed in place. At the same time, the fixed block 16 is installed in the first groove 15 through the fixing piece, and the pressing column 43 is located at the top opening position of the spiral groove 42. When the sampling tube 17 needs to be sampled separately, the fixing piece and the positioning piece are both released, and the fixed block 16 is pulled upward out of the first groove 15, and then the fixed block 16 is rotated through the inverted U-shaped rod 18. The fixed block 16 drives the guide block 45 to rotate through the guide column 44, and then drives the sampling tube 17 to rotate. When the sampling tube 17 rotates, it will drive the pressing column 43 to rotate in the spiral groove 42, and then drive the sampling tube 17 to move downward, thereby completing the rotation and downward movement operation of the sampling tube 17.

[0026] The top of the sampling tube 17 is lower than the top opening of the cylinder 1 and the lower pressure column 43; the end sections of the first and second blocking blocks 21 and 34 are both inverted right-angled trapezoids, and the inclined surfaces of the first and second blocking blocks 21 and 34 are arranged downward; when working, the top of the sampling tube 17 is lower than the top opening of the cylinder 1 and the position of the lower pressure column 43. When the cylinder 1 is in the lowest position, the soil sample in the sampling tube 17 is generally in a compacted state, which can effectively prevent the loosening of the soil sample. When the sampling tube 17 is taken out, it can not only prevent the soil in the sampling tube 17 from falling (when the sampling tube 17 is taken out), but also ensure that the soil sample is columnar; at the same time, the end sections of the first and second blocking blocks 21 and 34 are both inverted right-angled trapezoids, which can facilitate the installation of the fixed block 16 and the connection between the sampling tube 17 and the fixed block 16 (no need to pull up the pull plate 24, which is only required when the fixed block 16 and the sampling tube 17 are disassembled).

[0027] A first cavity 5 is provided in the top of the sampling tube 17; a first slider 51 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first cavity 5 by a spring; the pressing column 43 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider 51, and the other end of the pressing column 43 extends through the sampling tube 17 and is slidably connected to the first straight groove 4, the second straight groove 41 and the spiral groove 42; an inverted right-angled trapezoidal through groove 54 is provided in the first slider 51; a third straight groove 52 is provided in the sampling tube 17 and the square block 3, and the bottom end of the third straight groove 52 is connected to the first cavity 5, and the top end of the third straight groove 52 passes through the sampling tube 17 and the top end of the square block 3; a fourth straight groove 53 is provided in the fixed block 16, and the top end of the fourth straight groove 53 is connected to the square groove 31, and the top end of the fourth straight groove 53 passes through the fixed block 16, the pull plate 24 and the inverted U-shaped rod 18; the third straight groove 52 and the fourth straight groove 53 They are interconnected; a downward pressure rod 55 is slidably arranged in the third straight groove 52 and the fourth straight groove 53, and the downward pressure rod 55 can be pulled out of the third straight groove 52 and the fourth straight groove 53; a limiting unit is provided at the bottom end of the guide column 44; during operation, when the sampling tube 17 is sampled alone, it is necessary to move downward through the spiral groove 42. After the sampling is completed, the sampling tube 17 needs to be reversed again to completely remove the sampling tube 17 from the cylinder body 1. In order to facilitate the removal of the sampling tube 17 from the cylinder body 1, the downward pressure rod 55 can enter the first cavity 5 through the third straight groove 52 and the fourth straight groove 53, and then the first slider 51 is pushed to move through the inclined surface of the inverted right-angled trapezoidal through groove 54, so that the downward pressure column 43 is disengaged from the spiral groove 42, and then the inverted U-shaped rod 18 is moved upward to remove the fixed block 16 and the sampling tube 17 as a whole, which is simple and convenient, and the limiting unit is snapped into the guide block 45 at the same time.

[0028] The limiting unit includes an inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove 56; an inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove 56 is provided on the outer wall at the bottom end of the guide column 44; oblique grooves 57 are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove 56; a limiting block 58 is slidably connected in the inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove 56; a sliding rod 59 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 58, and both sides of the sliding rod 59 are slidably connected in the oblique groove 57, and a spring is fixedly connected between the sliding rod 59 and the top of the oblique groove 57; a third pull rope 591 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 58, and the top end of the third pull rope 591 passes through the guide column 44 and the fixed block 16 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pull plate 24; During operation, the sampling tube 17 is installed on the bottom side of the fixed block 16 through the positioning piece. At this time, the guide column 44 enters the guide groove 46 of the guide block 45, and then the guide block 45 first pushes up the limit block 58 to allow the limit block 58 to move up. Through the setting of the inclined groove 57, the limit block 58 can be allowed to enter the inverted right-angle trapezoidal groove 56 as a whole. Then the guide block 45 moves up as a whole with the sampling tube 17 and is installed on the bottom side of the fixed block 16 through the positioning piece. At the same time, when the sampling tube 17 is taken out later, it is only necessary to pull up the pull plate 24, and when the pull plate 24 is pulled to the highest point (the last gear), it is convenient to take out the sampling tube 17 later. In specific implementation, the cross section of the slide bar 59 is square.

[0029] A group of second cavities 6 are provided in the sampling tube 17; a plurality of counterweight balls 61 are placed in each of the group of second cavities 6; a plurality of threaded grooves 62 are provided in the annular disk 13; a threaded limiting rod 63 is threadedly installed in each of the threaded grooves 62; during operation, when the cylinder 1 is at the lowest point, the cylinder 1 must be kept stationary to allow the sampling tube 17 to sample alone. Therefore, the threaded limiting rod 63 can be threaded into the threaded groove 62. When the sampling device is extended into the ground, the cylinder 1 can be kept stationary. When sampling is performed on the cylinder 1, the threaded limiting rod 63 can be omitted and used as appropriate. The function of the counterweight ball 61 is to ensure that the pressure column 43 enters the spiral groove 42 when the sampling tube 17 is separated from the fixing of the locking member when the sampling tube 17 is sampling alone.

[0030] An operating method of a soil environment detection sampling device, the method adopts the above-mentioned soil environment detection sampling device, and the steps of the method are as follows: S1: firstly install the sampling tube 17 on the fixing block 16 through the positioning member, then put the sampling tube 17 into the cylinder 1, and then install the fixing block 16 into the first groove 15 of the annular disk 13; S2: When sampling, align the bottom end of the cylinder 1 with the sampling soil position, and then rotate the annular disk 13 through the handle 14 to rotate the cylinder 1 and then move into the soil. At this time, the bottom end of the sampling tube 17 is in an open state. When the cylinder 1 moves downward, the soil can be collected through the sampling tube 17; S3: When the sampling tube 17 is sampling alone, the fixing parts of the fixing block 16 and the locking parts of the sampling tube 17 are released. At this time, the sampling tube 17 is located in the cylinder 1, and the cylinder 1 does not rotate. The inverted U-shaped rod 18 is rotated to drive the fixing block 16 and the sampling tube 17 to rotate. At the same time, the sampling tube 17 is driven downward by the pressing part, thereby driving the sampling tube 17 to sample the soil.

[0031] Working principle: first install the sampling tube 17 on the fixing block 16 through the positioning piece, then put the sampling tube 17 into the cylinder 1, and then install the fixing block 16 in the first groove 15 of the annular disk 13; when sampling is required, align the bottom end of the cylinder 1 with the sampling soil position, and then rotate the annular disk 13 through the handle 14 to allow the cylinder 1 to rotate and then move into the soil. At this time, the bottom end of the sampling tube 17 is in an open state, and when the cylinder 1 moves downward, the soil can be collected through the sampling tube 17; when the fixing block 16 is required, align the bottom end of the cylinder 1 with the sampling soil position, and then rotate the annular disk 13 through the handle 14 to allow the cylinder 1 to rotate and then move into the soil. When installing in the first groove 15 or removing the fixing block 16, it is only necessary to pull up the pull plate 24, and the first clamping block 21 can be retracted into the second groove 2 by pulling the first pull rope 23, so that the first clamping block 21 is separated from the first clamping groove 22, thereby completing the installation or removal of the fixing block 16; when the sampling tube 17 needs to be installed or removed, the pull plate 24 is also pulled to move the pull plate 24 upward, thereby driving the second pull rope 35 to retract the second clamping block 34 into the third groove 32, so that the second clamping block 34 is separated The second clamping groove 33 completes the installation or removal of the sampling tube 17. At the same time, the pull plate 24 is provided with multiple gears when it is held by hand. During the upward movement of the pull plate 24, the first clamping block 21 is disengaged first, and then the second clamping block 34 is disengaged; after the sampling tube 17 is installed on the fixed block 16 through the clamping piece, the sampling tube 17 enters the cylinder body 1 along the first straight groove 4 and the second straight groove 41 through the pressing column 43. At this time, the sampling tube 17 is placed in the end. At the same time, the fixed block 16 is installed in the first groove 15 through the fixing piece. At this time, the pressing column 4 3 is located at the top opening of the spiral groove 42. When the sampling tube 17 needs to be sampled separately, the fixing member and the locking member are both released, and the fixing block 16 is pulled upward out of the first groove 15. Then, the fixing block 16 is rotated by the inverted U-shaped rod 18. The fixing block 16 drives the guide block 45 to rotate through the guide column 44, thereby driving the sampling tube 17 to rotate. When the sampling tube 17 rotates, it drives the pressing column 43 to rotate in the spiral groove 42, thereby driving the sampling tube 17 to move downward, thereby completing the rotation and downward movement operation of the sampling tube 17.

[0032] The above-mentioned front, back, left, right, top and bottom are all based on the figures in the specification. Figure 1 As a benchmark, according to the person's observation perspective, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sampling device for soil environment detection, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylinder (1); a spiral sheet (11) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cylinder (1); an annular disk (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder (1) via a first bolt (12); the inner wall of the top opening of the cylinder (1) and the inner wall of the annular disk (13) are located on the same annular surface; the bottom end of the cylinder (1) is conical; a sampling tube (17) is arranged in the cylinder (1), and the outer wall of the bottom opening of the sampling tube (17) and the inner wall of the bottom opening of the cylinder (1) are in contact with each other; the cross section of the bottom opening of the sampling tube (17) is an isosceles trapezoid; a handle (14) is threadedly connected to the outer ring wall of the annular disk (13); the annular disk (13) A pair of symmetrically distributed first grooves (15) are provided on the inner wall, and the top of the first groove (15) is in an open state; a fixing block (16) is fixed in the first groove (15) by a fixing member, and the middle of the fixing block (16) covers the top opening of the cylinder (1); the center of the top of the sampling tube (17) is installed at the center of the bottom of the fixing block (16) by a locking member; inverted U-shaped rods (18) are fixed on both sides of the top of the fixing block (16); the sampling tube (17) is located in the cylinder (1), and when the sampling tube (17) needs to be sampled downward separately, the sampling operation is performed by pressing down the pressing member.

2. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing member comprises a first locking block (21); a pair of first grooves (15) are symmetrically distributed about the center of the cylinder (1) and are each provided with a first locking groove (22); second grooves (2) are each provided on the side walls of both sides of the fixing block (16); the bottom of the second groove (2) is fixedly connected to the first locking block (21) via a spring; the middle part of the top end of the fixing block (16) is fixedly connected to a pull plate (24) via an elastic telescopic shaft (25); the pull plate (24) and the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod (18) are arranged in parallel, and the pull plate (24) is located directly below the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod (18); a first pull rope (23) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first locking block (21), and the other end of the first pull rope (23) passes through the fixing block (16) and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the pull plate (24).

3. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking member comprises a square block (3); a square block (3) is fixedly connected to the middle of the top end of the sampling tube (17); a square groove (31) is provided at the middle of the bottom end of the fixing block (16); second locking grooves (33) are provided on both side walls of the square block (3); third grooves (32) are provided on both side walls of the square groove (31); a second locking block (34) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third groove (32) via a spring; a second pull rope (35) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second locking block (34), and the other end of the second pull rope (35) passes through the fixing block (16) and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the pull plate (24).

4. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressing member comprises a pressing column (43); the outer wall of the sampling tube (17) is provided with a pressing column (43); the inner wall of the annular disk (13) is provided with a first straight groove (4); the inner wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a second straight groove (41); the first straight groove (4) and the second straight groove (41) are located in corresponding positions and are interconnected; the inner wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a spiral groove (42), and the top opening of the spiral groove (42) and the bottom position of the second straight groove (41) are interconnected; the pressing column (43) slides in the first straight groove (4), the second straight groove (41) and the spiral groove (42); the sampling tube (17) moves downward through the guide unit.

5. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide unit comprises a guide column (44) and a guide block (45); a pair of guide columns (44) symmetrically distributed about the sampling tube (17) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed block (16), and the guide columns (44) are located in the cylinder (1); a guide block (45) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sampling tube (17); a guide groove (46) is formed on the guide block (45), and the guide column (44) slides in the guide groove (46).

6. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top end of the sampling tube (17) is lower than the top opening of the cylinder (1) and the lower pressure column (43); the end sections of the first clamping block (21) and the second clamping block (34) are both inverted right-angled trapezoids, and the inclined surfaces of the first clamping block (21) and the second clamping block (34) are arranged downward.

7. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first cavity (5) is provided in the top of the sampling tube (17); a first slider (51) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first cavity (5) via a spring; the lower pressure column (43) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider (51), and the other end of the lower pressure column (43) extends through the sampling tube (17) and is slidably connected to the first straight groove (4), the second straight groove (41) and the spiral groove (42); a chamfered right-angled trapezoidal through groove (54) is provided in the first slider (51); a third straight groove (52) is provided in the sampling tube (17) and the square block (3), and the bottom end of the third straight groove (52) and the first cavity (5) are communicated with each other, and the third straight groove ( The top of the third straight groove (52) passes through the sampling tube (17) and the top of the square block (3); a fourth straight groove (53) is provided in the fixed block (16), and the top of the fourth straight groove (53) and the square groove (31) are connected to each other, and the top of the fourth straight groove (53) passes through the fixed block (16), the pull plate (24) and the inverted U-shaped rod (18); the third straight groove (52) and the fourth straight groove (53) are connected to each other; a pressing rod (55) is slidable in the third straight groove (52) and the fourth straight groove (53), and the pressing rod (55) can be pulled out of the third straight groove (52) and the fourth straight groove (53); a limiting unit is provided at the bottom end of the guide column (44).

8. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting unit comprises an inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove (56); an inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove (56) is provided on the outer wall at the bottom end of the guide column (44); inclined grooves (57) are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove (56); a limiting block (58) is slidably connected in the inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove (56); a sliding rod (59) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (58), and both sides of the sliding rod (59) are slidably connected in the inclined groove (57), and a spring is fixedly connected between the sliding rod (59) and the top of the inclined groove (57); a third pull rope (591) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (58), and the top end of the third pull rope (591) passes through the guide column (44) and the fixed block (16) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pull plate (24).

9. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A group of second cavities (6) is provided in the sampling tube (17); a plurality of weighted balls (61) are placed in each of the second cavities (6); a plurality of thread grooves (62) are provided in the annular disk (13); a threaded limiting rod (63) is threadedly installed in each of the thread grooves (62).

10. A method for operating a sampling device for soil environment detection, the method using the sampling device for soil environment detection according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps of this method are as follows: S1: firstly, the sampling tube (17) is mounted on the fixing block (16) through the clamping member, and then the sampling tube (17) is placed in the cylinder (1), and then the fixing block (16) is mounted in the first groove (15) of the annular disk (13); S2: When sampling, align the bottom end of the cylinder (1) with the sampling soil position, and then rotate the annular disk (13) through the handle (14) to rotate the cylinder (1) and then move into the soil. At this time, the bottom end of the sampling tube (17) is in an open state. When the cylinder (1) moves downward, the soil can be collected through the sampling tube (17); S3: When the sampling tube (17) is sampling alone, the fixing part of the fixing block (16) and the locking part of the sampling tube (17) are released. At this time, the sampling tube (17) is located in the cylinder (1), and the cylinder (1) does not rotate. The inverted U-shaped rod (18) is rotated to drive the fixing block (16) and the sampling tube (17) to rotate. At the same time, the sampling tube (17) is driven downward through the pressing part, thereby driving the sampling tube (17) to sample the soil.

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