Experimental device for simulating crack development in high-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source rock

Abstract

The present application relates to rock compression simulation experiment device technical field, propose a kind of experimental device for simulating crack development in the process of high temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source rock, it includes: box, chamber for placing hydrocarbon source rock is in box;Heating module, at least one inner side wall of box is provided, for heating hydrocarbon source rock;Confined pressure loading module, at least one inner side wall of box is provided, for pressurizing hydrocarbon source rock, confined pressure loading module has multiple loading blocks that are closely arranged along the length direction of the inner side wall of the box, each loading block can respectively apply pressure to the hydrocarbon source rock at the corresponding position;Detection module, arranged on the box, for detecting crack development in the hydrocarbon source rock during the experiment.The present application can solve the problem that the current experimental device cannot adjust the pressure of multiple regions, by redesigning the confined pressure loading module, different confining pressures can be applied to rocks at different depths, and the actual geological environment can be simulated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock compression simulation experiment device, and particularly relates to an experimental device for simulating crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of source rock. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the natural geological environment, the rock is generally in a stable state of triaxial compression and negative pore fluid pressure. With the increase of burial and formation temperature, the stress field changes, and the fluid pressure changes due to the pyrolysis and hydrocarbon generation of source rock organic matter, and finally leads to rock rupture and crack formation at the stress field instability site. Such cracks play an important role in oil and gas migration channels and storage space in the oil and gas system, and can greatly affect the spatial distribution and reserves of oil and gas. Through the study of the mechanical mechanism of crack formation, the rock physical and mechanical property parameters are obtained, which is one of the research focuses in the fields of oil and gas field development engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering, mining engineering, etc., and affects the engineering scheme decision and engineering effect.

[0003] The simulation experiment of the above process is to observe the research object under artificial control, and the simulation experiment device is the equipment for the simulation experiment. The pyrolysis and hydrocarbon generation of source rock organic matter cause the change of fluid pressure, and finally lead to rock rupture and crack formation at the stress field instability site. In the simulation experiment of crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of source rock, the simulation pressure and high temperature are used to carry out the experiment under different pressures and temperatures.

[0004] At present, in the simulation experiment of crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of source rock, the pressure of source rock at different depths is different, and the change experiment of pressure needs to be considered, but in the actual situation, the pressure is uniform, and the pressure of multiple regions cannot be adjusted, so that the experimental data is idealized. Therefore, an experimental device is needed to simulate the crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of source rock under different regional pressures, and to obtain experimental data close to the actual geological environment. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an experimental device for simulating crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of source rock, which solves the problem that the current experimental device cannot adjust the pressure of multiple regions. Through the redesign of the confining pressure loading module, different confining pressures can be applied to rocks at different depths, and the actual geological environment can be simulated.

[0006] The above technical purposes of the present application are mainly realized by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present application provides an experimental device for simulating crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of source rock, which comprises:

[0008] A box body, the box body has a cavity for placing source rock;

[0009] a heating module arranged on at least one inner side wall of the box body and used for heating the hydrocarbon source rock;

[0010] a confining pressure loading module formed on at least one side wall of the box body and used for pressurizing the hydrocarbon source rock, the confining pressure loading module having a plurality of loading blocks arranged in close proximity along the length direction of the inner side wall of the box body, and each loading block being capable of applying pressure to the hydrocarbon source rock at a corresponding position;

[0011] a detection module arranged on the box body and used for detecting the crack development in the hydrocarbon source rock during the experiment.

[0012] The experimental device for simulating crack development in high-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source rock according to the present application has a plurality of loading blocks arranged on the side wall of the box body, each loading block being located at a different depth position of the hydrocarbon source rock sample in the chamber, and each loading block being capable of applying loading pressure to the hydrocarbon source rock sample at a corresponding position, thereby achieving the application of stepwise loading pressure to the hydrocarbon source rock sample along the depth direction, simulating the actual pressure environment in the rock layer, and improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the experimental device for simulating crack development in high-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source rock further comprises a limiting module arranged on the top of the box body, the limiting module being capable of providing a variable pushing force to the hydrocarbon source rock to avoid the hydrocarbon source rock from being squeezed out of the box body.

[0014] In the present embodiment, the limiting module is arranged on the top of the box body and in close contact with the top surface of the hydrocarbon source rock sample, and when the hydrocarbon source rock sample is subjected to the action of the confining pressure loading module, the hydrocarbon source rock sample is subjected to a squeezing force and will have a tendency to surge out of the top of the box body, and the limiting module can adjust the pushing force to the hydrocarbon source rock according to the squeezing force received by the hydrocarbon source rock, thereby avoiding the hydrocarbon source rock sample from being squeezed out of the top of the box body.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the box body comprises a bottom plate, two oppositely arranged first side plates connected to the bottom plate, at least one of the first side plates being provided with the heating module, and two second side plates connected between the two first side plates, the two second side plates being oppositely arranged, and at least one of the second side plates being formed with the confining pressure loading module.

[0016] In the present embodiment, the bottom plate, the two first side plates and the two second side plates constitute the box body and form the chamber, the heating module is arranged on the inner side wall of the first side plate, and the confining pressure loading module is formed on the inner side wall of the second side plate; the box body adopts a splicing structure form, and is relatively simple to assemble and disassemble, and is convenient for cleaning the hydrocarbon source rock sample in the chamber.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the two side edges of the two first side plates are provided with limiting strips; the loading block comprises a sliding seat and an air bag connected thereto, the sliding seat is clamped between the two opposite limiting strips on the two first side plates and can slide along the limiting strips, and the air bag is arranged towards the source rock; a sliding partition plate is arranged between two adjacent sliding seats, the sliding partition plate is clamped between the two opposite limiting strips on the two first side plates and can slide along the limiting strips; and the sliding seat and the sliding partition plate are arranged alternately to form the second side plate.

[0018] In the present embodiment, the confining pressure is applied to the source rock sample by filling high-pressure gas into the air bag, the sliding partition plate arranged between two adjacent sliding seats can separate the two air bags arranged above and below, that is, the air bags between every two sliding partition plates are relatively independent, and each air bag can independently apply pressure to the source rock sample at the corresponding position, so that different pressures in different regions can be simulated. At the same time, the limiting strips arranged on the first side plate limit and fix the sliding seat and the sliding partition plate arranged alternately, so that the second side plate is formed by splicing, and thus the second side plate does not need to be arranged separately, and the corresponding mounting and fixing structure does not need to be arranged on the second side plate, thereby simplifying the structure of the box body and the confining pressure loading module.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the sliding seat is provided with an inflation port in communication with the air bag.

[0020] In the present embodiment, in order to ensure the structural strength of the inflation port, the inflation port is arranged at the position where the sliding seat and the air bag are connected, that is, the inflation port is reinforced by the connection structure of the sliding seat and the air bag, so that air leakage during the inflation and pressurization of the air bag is avoided.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the box body further comprises a top plate connected to the two first side plates, the top plate is provided with a fixed plate at the two side edges of the end face of the chamber, and the fixed plate abuts against the sliding partition plate at the top of the second side plate, so as to press the sliding seat and the sliding partition plate arranged alternately together.

[0022] In the present embodiment, the top plate not only plays a role of closing the top of the box body, but also can press the multiple sliding seats and sliding partition plates arranged together by the fixed plate, so as to fix the positions of the multiple sliding seats and sliding partition plates, and thus a relatively stable second side plate is formed.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism is arranged between the top plate and the first side plate, and the pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism can adjust the pressure applied by the fixed plate to the sliding partition plate.

[0024] In the embodiment, the pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism can be used to adjust the pressing force of the fixed plate on the second side plate (formed by the sliding seat and the sliding partition plate) in real time, so that the second side plate is prevented from loosening during the experiment, and the hydrocarbon source rock is prevented from being squeezed out of the gap between the sliding seat and the sliding partition plate.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism comprises a threaded rod, a fixed seat connected to one end of the threaded rod, a pressing seat sleeved on the other end of the threaded rod, and a nut threadedly connected to the end of the threaded rod sleeved with the pressing seat and abutting against the pressing seat, so as to adjust the distance between the fixed seat and the pressing seat, wherein the fixed seat is connected to the first side plate, and the pressing seat is connected to the top plate, or the fixed seat is connected to the top plate, and the pressing seat is connected to the first side plate.

[0026] In the embodiment, the pre-tightening force is adjusted by the cooperation of the threaded rod and the nut, and the structure is relatively simple and convenient to assemble.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the limiting module comprises a plurality of sliding rods penetrating the top plate, and a limiting portion is arranged at the end of the sliding rod away from the chamber, and an extrusion seat is connected to the end of the sliding rod close to the chamber, and a spring is arranged on the sliding rod between the extrusion seat and the top plate.

[0028] In the embodiment, the cooperation of the sliding rod and the spring can resiliently attach the extrusion seat to the top surface of the hydrocarbon source rock sample, and the hydrocarbon source rock sample is prevented from being squeezed out of the top of the box by the action of the extrusion seat.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the heating module is a heating plate capable of being heated by a power supply.

[0030] In the embodiment, the heating module can adopt a heating plate with a resistance wire, and the resistance wire generates heat to heat the hydrocarbon source rock sample after being electrified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor. In the drawings:

[0032] The drawings described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. Additionally, the shapes and proportions of the various components in the drawings are not intended to be specific, but rather are provided to assist in understanding the present application, and are not intended to limit the shapes and proportions of the various components of the present application. Those skilled in the art will recognize that various shapes and proportions of the components can be used to implement the present application, as taught by the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for simulating the development of cracks in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of a hydrocarbon source rock according to the present application is shown in the figure.

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the internal structure of an experimental device for simulating the development of cracks in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of a hydrocarbon source rock according to the present application is shown in the figure.

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a confining pressure loading module according to the present application is shown in the figure.

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a confining pressure loading module according to the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism shown in part A of the figure is shown in the figure.

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a top plate and limiting module according to the present application is shown in the figure.

[0038] Legend of reference numerals:

[0039] 10, box body; 11, bottom plate; 12, first side plate; 121, limiting strip; 13, second side plate; 14, top plate; 141, fixed plate;

[0040] 20, loading block; 21, sliding seat; 211, inflation port; 22, air bag; 23, sliding partition;

[0041] 30, pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism; 31, threaded rod; 32, fixed seat; 33, compression seat; 34, nut;

[0042] 40, heating plate;

[0043] 50, sliding rod; 51, limiting portion; 52, extrusion seat; 53, spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be intervening elements. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements can be present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", and similar terms as used herein are for purposes of description and are not meant to be limiting.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The use herein of the terms "and / or" includes a set of one or more associated listed items.

[0047] As shown in Figures 1 to 3 The present application provides an experimental device for simulating crack development in high-temperature pyrolysis of a hydrocarbon source rock, which comprises: a box body 10, the box body 10 having a cavity for placing a hydrocarbon source rock; a heating module provided on at least one inner side wall of the box body 10 for heating the hydrocarbon source rock; a confining pressure loading module formed on at least one side wall of the box body 10 for pressurizing the hydrocarbon source rock, the confining pressure loading module having a plurality of loading blocks 20 arranged in close proximity along the length direction of the inner side wall of the box body 10, each loading block 20 being capable of applying pressure to the hydrocarbon source rock at the corresponding position; and a detection module provided on the box body 10 for detecting crack development in the hydrocarbon source rock during the experiment.

[0048] The experimental device for simulating crack development in high-temperature pyrolysis of a hydrocarbon source rock according to the present application has a plurality of loading blocks 20 arranged on the side wall of the box body 10, each loading block 20 being located at a different depth position of the hydrocarbon source rock sample in the cavity, and each loading block 20 being capable of applying loading pressure to the hydrocarbon source rock sample at the corresponding position, thereby achieving the application of stepwise loading pressure to the hydrocarbon source rock sample along the depth direction, simulating the actual pressure environment in the rock layer, and improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0049] The specific structure of each part of the experimental device for simulating the crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of a hydrocarbon source rock and the positional and connecting relationship therebetween will be described in detail below.

[0050] As shown in Figure 1 , the experimental device for simulating the crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of a hydrocarbon source rock has a box body 10, which serves as the shell of the entire experimental device and has a cuboid structure with a relatively closed chamber formed therein. Before the experiment, the chamber is filled with a hydrocarbon source rock sample, and after the experiment, the hydrocarbon source rock sample is taken out. The box body 10 can have an integrated structure with an openable and closable opening formed thereon for taking and placing the hydrocarbon source rock sample. Alternatively, the box body 10 can have a spliced structure formed by splicing a plurality of plates, and no specific limitation is imposed thereon, which can be selected as required.

[0051] As shown in Figure 2 , the experimental device for simulating the crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of a hydrocarbon source rock further has a heating module for heating the hydrocarbon source rock sample in the chamber during the experiment. The heating module is arranged on at least one inner side wall of the box body 10, and preferably, the heating module can be arranged on opposite two inner side walls of the box body 10 to ensure uniform heating of the hydrocarbon source rock sample on both sides. The heating module can adopt a conventional heating mode such as a resistance wire or a heating mode of passing a high-temperature medium to exchange heat, and no specific limitation is imposed thereon, which can be selected as required.

[0052] As shown in Figure 3 , the experimental device for simulating the crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of a hydrocarbon source rock further has a confining pressure loading module for loading pressure on the hydrocarbon source rock in the chamber during the experiment. The confining pressure loading module is arranged on at least one inner side wall of the box body 10, and preferably, the confining pressure loading module is arranged on opposite two inner side walls of the box body 10 to ensure uniform pressure loading on both sides of the hydrocarbon source rock sample. The confining pressure loading module includes a plurality of loading blocks 20 arranged towards the hydrocarbon source rock, which are arranged in close proximity along the length direction of the side wall of the box body 10 and are independent of each other, and each loading block 20 can independently provide pressure on the hydrocarbon source rock at the corresponding position. Each loading block 20 can be fixed on the inner side wall of the box body 10 as a relatively independent structure, can be part of the side wall of the box body 10, or a plurality of loading blocks 20 arranged in close proximity can be used as a side wall of the box body 10, and no specific limitation is imposed thereon, which can be designed as required.

[0053] Further, the loading block 20 is a component capable of generating a pushing force (pressure) towards the hydrocarbon source rock, which can adopt the form of a hydraulic or motor-driven corresponding pushing plate, or other driving structures capable of generating a corresponding pushing force, which is not specifically limited here, as long as multiple pressure-generating points are dispersed along the length direction of the side wall of the box 10, each point is capable of independently generating a corresponding pressure, and the points do not interfere with each other.

[0054] The experimental device for simulating the crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of the hydrocarbon source rock also has a detection module for measuring various parameters in the experimental process, so as to judge the crack development condition in the hydrocarbon source rock. In the experimental process, the reaction temperature is monitored in real time by a thermocouple, the pressure change is monitored by a pressure sensor, the product is collected by a fluid pressure control and product collection unit, and the composition and properties of the product are analyzed; at the same time, the acoustic emission signal generated in the crack development process is monitored in real time by an acoustic emission detection mechanism, so as to obtain the crack development condition in the hydrocarbon source rock sample under corresponding parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate. The above monitoring process for detecting crack development is a relatively mature technology in the art, and the specific structure of the detection module and the corresponding detection principle will not be further described here.

[0055] The structure and technical effects of the preferred embodiment of the experimental device for simulating the crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of the hydrocarbon source rock will be further described in detail below.

[0056] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 The experimental device for simulating the crack development in the high-temperature pyrolysis process of the hydrocarbon source rock also includes a limiting module arranged at the top of the box 10, which can provide a variable pushing force to the hydrocarbon source rock to avoid the hydrocarbon source rock from being squeezed out of the box 10.

[0057] The limiting module is arranged at the top of the box 10 and is in contact with the top surface of the hydrocarbon source rock sample. When the hydrocarbon source rock sample is subjected to the action of the confining pressure loading module, it will be subjected to a squeezing force, which will have a tendency to surge out of the top of the box 10. The limiting module can adjust the pushing force on the hydrocarbon source rock according to the squeezing force on the hydrocarbon source rock sample, thereby avoiding the hydrocarbon source rock sample from being squeezed out of the top of the box 10.

[0058] Specifically, the limiting module can be a limiting plate acting on the top surface of the hydrocarbon source rock sample. Under the action of a spring, a hydraulic cylinder, or a motor, the limiting plate can apply a downward pressure to the hydrocarbon source rock sample, thereby avoiding leakage of the hydrocarbon source rock sample.

[0059] According to one embodiment of the present application, the box 10 comprises a bottom plate 11, two first side plates 12 oppositely arranged and connected with the bottom plate 11, at least one of the first side plates 12 is provided with a heating module, two second side plates 13 connected between the two first side plates 12, the two second side plates 13 are oppositely arranged, and at least one of the second side plates 13 is formed with a confining pressure loading module.

[0060] The bottom plate 11, the two first side plates 12 and the two second side plates 13 form the box 10 and enclose a cavity, the heating module is arranged on the inner side wall of the first side plate 12, and the confining pressure loading module is formed on the inner side wall of the second side plate 13; the box 10 adopts a splicing structure, which is relatively simple to assemble and disassemble, and is convenient for cleaning the hydrocarbon source rock sample in the cavity.

[0061] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the two opposite first side plates 12 are each provided with a heating module, and the two opposite second side plates 13 are each formed with a confining pressure loading module.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 , the two first side plates 12 are each provided with a heating module, and the two opposite second side plates 13 are each formed with a confining pressure loading module.

[0063] The box 10 adopts a splicing structure, which is relatively simple to assemble and disassemble, and is convenient for cleaning the hydrocarbon source rock sample in the cavity.

[0064] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the limiting strips 121 are arranged along the length direction of the first side plates 12 and connected to the two side edges of the first side plates 12 by hinging. The installation space is formed between the two limiting strips 121 on the two first side plates 12, and the two sides of the sliding partition plate 23 are respectively provided with a clamping groove capable of being clamped on the limiting strips 121, so that the sliding partition plate 23 can be clamped between the two limiting strips 121 and slide along the length direction of the limiting strips 121; the two sides of the sliding seat 21 are also respectively provided with a clamping groove capable of being clamped on the limiting strips 121, so that the sliding seat 21 can be clamped between the two limiting strips 121 and slide along the length direction of the limiting strips 121, and the inner side of the sliding seat 21 is connected with the air bag 22. The sliding partition plate 23 and the sliding seat 21 are alternately arranged between the two limiting strips 121, thereby forming the second side plate 13 between the two first side plates 12, and the sliding partition plate 23 between the adjacent two sliding seats 21 can separate the corresponding two air bags 22 on the sliding seat 21.

[0065] Further, as shown in the drawings, Figure 2 The sliding seat 21 is provided with an inflation port 211 connected with the air bag 22. In order to ensure the structural strength of the inflation port 211, the inflation port 211 is arranged at the position where the sliding seat 21 and the air bag 22 are connected, that is, the inflation port 211 is reinforced by the connection structure of the sliding seat 21 and the air bag 22, so as to ensure that the air bag 22 will not leak during the inflation and pressurization process.

[0066] According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the drawings, Figures 1 to 3 The box body 10 further comprises a top plate 14 connected with the two first side plates 12, and the top plate 14 is provided with a fixed plate 141 at the two side edges of the end face of the cavity, and the fixed plate 141 abuts against the sliding partition plate 23 at the top of the second side plate 13, so as to press the alternately arranged sliding seat 21 and sliding partition plate 23 together.

[0067] The top plate 14 not only can close the top of the box body 10, but also can press the multiple sliding seats 21 and sliding partition plates 23 arranged together by the fixed plate 141, so as to fix the positions of the multiple sliding seats 21 and sliding partition plates 23, thereby forming a relatively stable second side plate 13.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the drawings, Figure 4 The top plate 14 and the first side plate 12 are provided with a pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism 30 capable of adjusting the pressure applied by the fixed plate 141 to the sliding partition plate 23.

[0069] The pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism 30 can be used to adjust the pressing force of the fixed plate 141 on the second side plate 13 (consisting of the sliding seat 21 and the sliding partition plate 23) in real time, so as to avoid loosening of the second side plate 13 during the experiment, and thus prevent the hydrocarbon source rock sample from being squeezed out of the gap between the sliding seat 21 and the sliding partition plate 23.

[0070] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 4 The pre-tightening force adjusting mechanism 30 includes a threaded rod 31, a fixed seat 32 connected to one end of the threaded rod 31, a pressing seat 33 sleeved on the other end of the threaded rod 31, and a nut 34 threadedly connected to the end of the threaded rod 31 sleeved with the pressing seat 33 and abutting against the pressing seat 33 to adjust the distance between the fixed seat 32 and the pressing seat 33. The fixed seat 32 is connected to the first side plate 12, and the pressing seat 33 is connected to the top plate 14, or the fixed seat 32 is connected to the top plate 14, and the pressing seat 33 is connected to the first side plate 12. The threaded rod 31 and the nut 34 are matched to adjust the pre-tightening force between the sliding seat 21 and the sliding partition plate 23, and the structure is relatively simple and convenient to assemble.

[0071] Specifically, in the present embodiment, one threaded rod 31 is arranged at each of the circumferential four corners of the top plate 14. The fixed seat 32 is fixedly connected to the top outer end surface of the first side plate 12 of the box body 10, the top end surface of the fixed seat 32 is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 31, the outer circumferential wall of the threaded rod 31 is slidably sleeved with the pressing seat 33, the pressing seat 33 can move up and down along the threaded rod 31, and the pressing seat 33 is fixedly arranged at the edge position of the top surface of the top plate 14. The outer circumferential wall of the threaded rod 31 is threadedly connected with the nut 34, and the nut 34 is attached to the top end surface of the pressing seat 33. During installation and adjustment, the nut 34 is rotated along the outer circumferential wall of the threaded rod 31 to press the pressing seat 33 downward, so as to press the top plate 14, thereby completing the fixation of the top plate 14, and the top plate 14 can apply downward pre-tightening pressure to the sliding partition plate 23 through the fixed plate 141. In other embodiments of the present application, the connection positions of the fixed seat 32 and the pressing seat 33 are exchanged, that is, the pressing seat 33 is fixedly arranged on the top outer end surface of the first side plate 12 of the box body 10, and the fixed seat 32 is fixedly arranged at the edge position of the top surface of the top plate 14.

[0072] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5 The limiting module includes a plurality of sliding rods 50, the sliding rods 50 are arranged on the top plate 14, and the ends of the sliding rods 50 away from the chamber are provided with limiting portions 51. The pressing seats 52 are connected to the ends of the sliding rods 50 close to the chamber, and the springs 53 are arranged on the sliding rods 50 between the pressing seats 52 and the top plate 14.

[0073] The cooperation of the sliding rod 50 and the spring 53 can elastically attach the pressing seat 52 to the top surface of the hydrocarbon source rock sample, and the pressing seat 52 can prevent the hydrocarbon source rock sample from being extruded from the top of the box 10.

[0074] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 The pressing seat 52 is a rectangular plate connected below the top plate 14 through the sliding rod 50. In this embodiment, six sliding rods 50 are arranged between the top plate 14 and the pressing seat 52, and the spring 53 is arranged on the sliding rod 50 and located between the top plate 14 and the pressing seat 52 and can act on the pressing seat 52. When the hydrocarbon source rock sample is extruded, an upward force is generated, and the hydrocarbon source rock sample pushes the pressing seat 52 to move upward. The upward movement of the pressing seat 52 will compress the spring 53, and under the action of the spring 53, the pressing seat 52 will generate a downward pressure on the hydrocarbon source rock sample, preventing the hydrocarbon source rock sample from being extruded from the box 10.

[0075] According to one embodiment of the present application, the heating module is a heating plate 40 that can be heated by a power supply. The heating module can use a heating plate 40 with a resistance wire that generates heat after being electrified to heat treat the hydrocarbon source rock sample. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, a high-temperature medium can be used to achieve heat exchange to achieve heat treatment.

[0076] The above-described specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments are only examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for simulating fracture development during high-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source rocks, characterized in that, include: The box body has a chamber for placing the source rock; A heating module is provided on at least one inner side wall of the housing for heating the source rock; A confining pressure loading module is formed on at least one side wall of the box body for pressurizing the source rock. The confining pressure loading module has a plurality of loading blocks arranged adjacent to each other along the length direction of the inner side wall of the box body. Each loading block can apply pressure to the source rock at a corresponding position. The detection module, located on the box, is used to detect the development of cracks in the source rock during the experiment; A limiting module is located at the top of the box. The limiting module can provide a variable pushing force to the source rock to prevent the source rock from being squeezed out of the box. The enclosure includes: Base plate; Two opposing first side plates are connected to the base plate, and at least one first side plate is provided with the heating module. Two second side plates are connected between the two first side plates, the two second side plates are arranged opposite to each other, and the confining pressure loading module is formed on at least one second side plate; Limiting strips are provided at both sides of the two first side plates; The loading block includes a connected sliding seat and an airbag. The sliding seat is engaged between two opposing limiting strips on the two first side plates and can slide along the limiting strips. The airbag is positioned facing the source rock. A sliding partition is provided between two adjacent sliding seats. The sliding partition is engaged between two opposing limiting strips on the two first side plates and can slide along the limiting strips. The alternating sliding seats and sliding partitions form the second side plate.

2. The experimental apparatus for simulating fracture development during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding seat is provided with an inflation port that communicates with the airbag.

3. The experimental apparatus for simulating fracture development during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure also includes: A top plate is connected to two first side plates. The top plate has fixing plates at both edges of its end face facing the chamber. The fixing plates abut against the sliding partitions on the top of the second side plates to press the alternately arranged sliding seats and sliding partitions together.

4. The experimental apparatus for simulating fracture development during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 3, characterized in that, A preload adjustment mechanism is provided between the top plate and the first side plate, which can adjust the amount of pressure applied by the fixed plate to the sliding partition.

5. The experimental apparatus for simulating fracture development during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preload adjustment mechanism includes: Threaded rod; A fixed base is connected to one end of the threaded rod; A clamping seat is fitted onto the other end of the threaded rod; A nut is threadedly connected to one end of the threaded rod on which the clamping seat is fitted and abuts against the clamping seat to adjust the distance between the fixed seat and the clamping seat; Wherein, the fixing seat is connected to the first side plate, and the pressing seat is connected to the top plate; or, the fixing seat is connected to the top plate, and the pressing seat is connected to the first side plate.

6. The experimental apparatus for simulating fracture development during high-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbon source rocks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting module includes: Multiple sliding rods are inserted through the top plate, and a limiting part is provided at the end of each sliding rod away from the chamber; A compression seat is connected to one end of the sliding rod near the chamber, and a spring is threaded through the sliding rod between the compression seat and the top plate.

7. The experimental apparatus for simulating fracture development during high-temperature pyrolysis of source rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating module is a heating plate that can be heated by a power source.

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