Electricity, magnetism and ultrasonic synergistic oil-water separation experiment system

Abstract

The invention provides an oil-water separation experiment system with efficient electricity, magnetism and ultrasonic synergistic effect. The system comprises an electric field generation system, a magnetic field excitation system, an ultrasonic generation system and a test sample tank, the electric field generation system is configured to enable the test sample groove to be located in an electric field generated by the electric field generation system; the magnetic field excitation system is configured to enable the test sample groove to be located in a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field excitation system; the ultrasonic generation system is configured to enable the test sample tank to be located in an ultrasonic field generated by the ultrasonic generation system; the magnetic field excitation system and the ultrasonic generation system independently rotate at any angle by taking the body center of the test sample groove as the center. The method is used for rapidly and accurately evaluating the oil-water separation characteristics of the crude oil emulsion under the synergistic effect of an electric field, a magnetic field and ultrasonic waves by simultaneously changing electric field parameters, magnetic field parameters, sound field parameters, synergistic conditions and oil-water physicochemical properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This article relates to but is not limited to the field of multiphase separation technology for oil and gas gathering and transportation systems, and in particular to but is not limited to a high-efficiency oil-water separation experimental system with synergistic effects of electricity, magnetism and ultrasound. Background Art

[0002] As major oil fields enter the middle and late stages of development, enhanced oil recovery methods such as water injection, agent injection and polymer injection are becoming more and more widely used, and the emulsification of the oil-water mixture produced from the wellhead is becoming more and more serious. The water content in crude oil increases the proportion of ineffective work in the power system, increases the proportion of ineffective heat energy in the thermal system, and is also prone to corrosion and scaling of storage and transportation equipment. Therefore, the study of efficient oil-water separation technology in crude oil emulsions is of great significance to improving the safe and stable operation of crude oil gathering and transportation systems.

[0003] Electric dehydration technology can effectively promote the movement and aggregation of water droplets in emulsions. Crude oil electric dehydrators developed based on the mechanism of electric field action have become key equipment for crude oil processing in petrochemical companies such as refineries and oilfield joint stations. When emulsified droplets pass through a high-intensity electric field, the water droplets in them are polarized and charged to form dipoles. They are arranged in a straight line in the direction of the electric lines, and the electric attraction causes adjacent water droplets to approach, contact, aggregate, and settle and separate. Although increasing the electric field strength is beneficial to improving the dehydration rate, when the electric field strength exceeds the critical field strength, it will cause the two ends of the water droplets to become pointed, splitting into extremely small water droplets, which is counterproductive.

[0004] The prior art has published an oil-water separation technology that couples electric field and magnetic field based on the traditional electric dehydration method, and proved that the treatment effect of electromagnetic field synergistic treatment of oil-water emulsion is better than the treatment effect of electric field or magnetic field alone. Chinese patent CN111171859A discloses a segmented electromagnetic coupling separator for treating oilfield produced fluid. The device consists of a separator tank, a gas-liquid separation module, a high-water-content electromagnetic synergistic dehydration module, a low-water-content electric dehydration module, a power supply system, a liquid level controller, a gas outlet, an oil collection pipe and a water outlet. The oilfield produced fluid is initially treated by electromagnetic synergy and the orthogonal action of electric field and sedimentation to finally achieve oil-water separation. However, the device uses two sets of magnets to generate a magnetic field, which makes it difficult to control the magnetic field parameters and adapt to complex and changeable working conditions. Chinese patent CN108658181A discloses a highly efficient electromagnetic synchronous synergistic oil-water separation system, which consists of an enhanced coalescence device and a sedimentation separation device, wherein the enhanced coalescence device applies an electric field and a magnetic field orthogonally distributed synchronous synergistic effect to the emulsion to cause the droplets in the oil to coalesce, and the oil-water separation is achieved through the sedimentation separation device, but the system has a large sedimentation space, the equipment is relatively complex, and the cost is expensive. In summary, the existing electromagnetic field coupling technology mainly focuses on the operation and design of specific devices, and it is difficult to observe and study the laws of crude oil dehydration under controllable and variable external field parameters and the physical and chemical properties of oil and water. In addition, the system is expensive, bulky, and has great limitations.

[0005] In addition, as a new demulsification method, ultrasonic method has the advantages of wide adaptability, simple equipment and low cost. Ultrasonic wave is an elastic mechanical wave propagating in the medium. Under its mechanical vibration, water droplets and oil phase vibrate together. Due to the different particle sizes of water droplets and the physical and chemical properties of oil and water, water droplets move in different directions at different relative vibration speeds and accumulate at pressure nodes or antinodes. They collide and adhere to each other during migration and aggregation, and then merge into large water droplets under the driving force of the acoustic field and the attraction of the double electric layer. Chinese patent CN 105891207A discloses a device and method for testing the microscopic characteristics of water droplets in oil under the action of ultrasound and electric fields. The device uses high-speed camera and optical amplification technology to obtain the microscopic characteristics of water droplets in oil under the action of electric field or ultrasonic field, and evaluates the microscopic evolution law of water droplets in oil under the action of electric field and ultrasonic field by changing external field parameters. However, the device focuses on studying the microscopic behavior of droplets and it is difficult to control the oil-water separation efficiency from a macroscopic perspective. The driving force of the acoustic field often cannot overcome the steric hindrance between the dispersed water droplets of high-viscosity oil-water emulsions. Considering only the effects of electric field and ultrasonic field has a large limiting effect on the improvement of oil-water separation efficiency.

[0006] In summary, the existing electric dehydration technology is limited in enhancing the dehydration performance of crude oil emulsions due to the influence of electric field strength; the existing electromagnetic field coupled oil-water separation technology is difficult to realize the research and observation of the mechanism and influence law of electromagnetic synergistic enhanced treatment of oil-in-water emulsions; the existing ultrasonic demulsification technology has low separation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0007] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0008] The technical solution provided by the present disclosure is used to test the oil-water separation efficiency of crude oil emulsion under electric field, magnetic field and ultrasound, and to study the influence of various physical field parameters and the physical and chemical properties of oil and water on the dehydration performance of crude oil.

[0009] In order to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an efficient electric, magnetic and ultrasonic synergistic oil-water separation experimental system, which can explore the mechanism of electric field, magnetic field and ultrasonic enhanced treatment of crude oil emulsion, test the oil-water separation efficiency of crude oil emulsion under the action of electric field, magnetic field and ultrasonic field, quickly and accurately evaluate the influence of electric field parameters, magnetic field parameters, acoustic field parameters, synergistic conditions and physical and chemical properties of oil and water on oil-water separation efficiency, and obtain the external field characteristic parameters that achieve the optimal oil-water separation efficiency. The research results of this system can provide basic data for theoretical research and industrial optimization of oil-water separation characteristics of crude oil emulsion under multi-physical fields.

[0010] The disclosed embodiment provides a highly efficient oil-water separation experimental system with synergistic effects of electricity, magnetism and ultrasound, the system comprising: an electric field generating system, a magnetic field excitation system, an ultrasonic generating system and a test sample tank;

[0011] The electric field generating system is configured so that the test sample slot is located in the electric field generated by the electric field generating system;

[0012] The magnetic field excitation system is configured so that the test sample slot is located in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field excitation system;

[0013] The ultrasonic wave generating system is configured so that the test sample slot is located in the ultrasonic wave field generated by the ultrasonic wave generating system;

[0014] The magnetic field excitation system and the ultrasonic wave generating system are independently rotated at any angle with the center of the test sample slot as the center.

[0015] In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field excitation system is parallel to the liquid plane of the test sample slot, that is, perpendicular to the direction of the electric field.

[0016] In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the ultrasonic field generated by the ultrasonic generating system is parallel to the liquid plane of the sample tank, that is, perpendicular to the electric field direction and / or the magnetic field direction.

[0017] In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic field satisfies formula (1):

[0018] L=v / 2f………………………………(1)

[0019] In formula (1), L is the height of the crude oil emulsion, m; v is the speed of sound in the crude oil emulsion, m / s; and f is the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic field, Hz.

[0020] In one embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the inner length of the test sample slot is 50 mm to 100 mm, the inner height of the test sample slot is 50 mm to 100 mm, the inner depth of the test sample slot is 50 mm to 100 mm; and the wall thickness of the test sample slot is 0.5 mm to 5 mm.

[0021] In one embodiment provided in the present disclosure, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are further provided on the groove wall of the test sample groove, the liquid inlet is connected to the sample storage tank to be tested, and the liquid outlet is connected to the waste liquid tank.

[0022] In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the material of the test sample slot is a transparent material, and the outer wall surface of the test sample slot is marked with scales;

[0023] The electric field generating system, the magnetic field exciting system and the ultrasonic wave generating system are each independently turned on or off.

[0024] In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the electric field generating system comprises:

[0025] A top electrode plate, the top electrode plate being arranged above the test sample slot;

[0026] A bottom electrode plate, the bottom electrode plate being arranged below the test sample slot;

[0027] An alternating current power source is in electrical communication with the top electrode plate and the bottom electrode plate.

[0028] In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the top of the sample groove is covered with the top electrode plate; and the bottom of the sample groove is covered with the bottom electrode plate.

[0029] In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the top electrode plate and the bottom electrode plate are both made of polished brass, and are both coated with insulating materials on the surface.

[0030] In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the electric field generating system includes an AC power supply and an oscilloscope; the voltage detection port I of the AC power supply is connected to the voltage input port II of the oscilloscope, and the current detection port II is connected to the current input port I of the oscilloscope;

[0031] The top electrode plate is connected to the voltage output port IV of the AC power source, and the bottom electrode plate is grounded to the negative electrode port III of the AC power source to generate an AC electric field.

[0032] In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the magnetic field excitation system comprises:

[0033] An electromagnet; the electromagnet is configured to form a magnetic field.

[0034] The ultrasonic generating system comprises:

[0035] An ultrasonic generator is configured to form an ultrasonic field.

[0036] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an oil-water separation experimental method, using the above system, the experimental method comprises the following steps:

[0037] After calculating the moisture content of the sample to be tested, the sample to be tested is injected into the test sample tank;

[0038] According to the experimental requirements, the flow rate of the sample to be tested in the test sample slot is adjusted, the positions of the electromagnet and the ultrasonic generator are adjusted, the electric field parameters are adjusted and the electric field is output, the magnetic field parameters are adjusted and the magnetic field is output, and the ultrasonic field parameters are adjusted and the ultrasonic field is output;

[0039] After the processing is completed according to the experimental requirements, the oil sample of the upper part of the sample to be tested is taken to calculate the water content; the upper part is the part that is more than 20% of the upper part of the overall height direction of the sample to be tested;

[0040] In an implementation provided by the present disclosure, the above experimental process can be repeated by changing the electric field, magnetic field and acoustic field parameters, processing time and processing sequence to meet the above experimental requirements.

[0041] In one embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the electric field strength is 0 kV / m to 320 kV / m.

[0042] In one embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the magnetic field strength is 0T to 0.5T.

[0043] In one embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the ultrasonic field intensity is 0W / m 2 Up to 400W / m 2 .

[0044] In one embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the volume of the sample to be tested accounts for 20% to 80% of the volume of the test sample slot.

[0045] In one embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the volume of the sample to be tested in the test sample tank is 90 mL to 360 mL.

[0046] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for obtaining multiphase separation parameters of an oil and gas gathering and transportation system, wherein the multiphase separation of the oil and gas gathering and transportation system includes using any one of an electric field, a magnetic field and an ultrasonic field.

[0047] The method comprises:

[0048] Using the above experimental system, the electric field strength, magnetic field strength and ultrasonic field strength are obtained when the sample to be tested continuously achieves the designed oil-water separation effect;

[0049] Substitute the electric field strength and ultrasonic field strength into the following formula to obtain the voltage amplitude required to achieve the electric field strength and the sound pressure amplitude required to achieve the ultrasonic field strength in actual production:

[0050] E=U1 / d1=f E (d2 / d1,U2 / U1)g E (σ2 / σ1, ε2 / ε1)U2 / d2…………(2)

[0051] In formula (2), E is the electric field strength, kV / m; U1 is the voltage amplitude of the electric field generating system, kV; d1 is the electrode plate spacing of the electric field generating system, m; U2 is the voltage amplitude required in actual production, kV; d2 is the electrode plate spacing in actual production, m;

[0052] f E (d2 / d1, U2 / U1) is the distortion effect correction coefficient of the electric field lines at the edge of the non-ideal parallel plate, dimensionless, ranging from 0.75 to 0.99, and is related to the ratio d2 / d1 of the actual electrode plate spacing and the electrode plate spacing of the electric field generating system and the ratio U2 / U1 of the actual voltage amplitude and the voltage amplitude of the electric field generating system; when d2 / d1 is larger, the parameter value is smaller, and when U2 / U1 is larger, the parameter value is larger;

[0053] g E(σ2 / σ1, ε2 / ε1) is a correction factor for power loss due to leakage, polarization, etc., dimensionless, ranging from 0.60 to 0.99, and is related to the conductivity ratio σ2 / σ1 of the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, as well as the dielectric constant ratio ε2 / ε1 of the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system; when σ2 / σ1 is larger, the value of this parameter is larger, and when ε2 / ε1 is larger, the value of this parameter is smaller;

[0054] σ2 is the electrical conductivity of the crude oil emulsion in actual production, mS / m; σ1 is the electrical conductivity of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, mS / m; ε2 is the dielectric constant of the crude oil emulsion in actual production, ε1 is the dielectric constant of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, nF / m.

[0055]

[0056] In formula (3), I is the ultrasonic field intensity, W / m 2 ; P1 is the sound pressure amplitude of the ultrasonic generating system, Pa; ρ1 is the density of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, kg / m 3 ; P2 is the sound pressure amplitude required in actual production, Pa; ρ2 is the density of crude oil emulsion in actual production, kg / m 3 ; c is the speed of sound, m / s;

[0057] is the correction factor for ultrasonic attenuation due to diffusion, absorption, etc., dimensionless, ranging from 0.80 to 0.99, and is the square root of the density of the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system and the ratio of the actual sound pressure amplitude to the ultrasonic generating system P2 / P1 When P2 / P1 is larger, the parameter value is smaller. The larger it is, the larger the value of this parameter is;

[0058] is the ultrasonic interface reflection correction coefficient, dimensionless, ranging from 0.40 to 0.99, and is the ratio of the density difference between the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system to the water density. And the ratio of the density difference between the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system to the water viscosity is related ρ w is the density of water, which is 1000kg / m 3 ; η w is the viscosity of water, generally 1mPa·s; η1 is the viscosity of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, mPa·s; η2 is the actual production

[0059] The viscosity of the crude oil emulsion in production, mPa·s; The larger the value, the smaller the parameter value. The larger it is, the smaller the parameter value is.

[0060] The beneficial effects of the present disclosure are:

[0061] The experimental system has a reasonable and compact structure, safe and flexible control, and simple and convenient operation. The electric field generation system can accurately control the electric field parameters to accurately evaluate the influence of the electric field parameters on the oil-water separation performance of crude oil emulsions. The magnetic field excitation system can accurately control the magnetic field parameters to accurately evaluate the influence of the magnetic field parameters on the oil-water separation performance of crude oil emulsions. The ultrasonic generation system can accurately control the ultrasonic parameters to accurately evaluate the influence of the acoustic field parameters on the oil-water separation performance of crude oil emulsions. By changing the electric field parameters, magnetic field parameters, acoustic field parameters, synergistic conditions and the physical and chemical properties of oil and water, the changing law of the oil-water separation performance of crude oil emulsions under the synergistic action of electric field, magnetic field and acoustic field can be quickly and accurately evaluated, providing basic data for in-depth theoretical research and industrial optimization of the oil-water separation characteristics of crude oil emulsions under multi-physical fields. It has the advantages of reasonable and compact structure, safe and flexible control, high efficiency and energy saving, strong practicality and low cost.

[0062] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by implementing the present disclosure. Other advantages of the present disclosure can be invented and obtained by the schemes described in the description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solution of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present disclosure, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present disclosure and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present disclosure.

[0064] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0065] In the figure: 1. AC power supply; 2. Oscilloscope; 3. Electromagnet; 4. DC power supply; 5. High-frequency power meter; 6. High-frequency power amplifier; 7. Signal generator; 8. Ultrasonic transducer; 9. Test sample slot; 10. Top electrode plate; 11. Bottom electrode plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0067] The present disclosure exemplarily provides a highly efficient oil-water separation experimental system with synergistic effects of electricity, magnetism and ultrasound, the system comprising: an electric field generating system, a magnetic field excitation system, an ultrasonic generating system and a test sample tank;

[0068] The electric field generating system is configured so that the test sample slot is located in the electric field generated by the electric field generating system;

[0069] The magnetic field excitation system is configured so that the test sample slot is located in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field excitation system;

[0070] The ultrasonic wave generating system is configured so that the test sample slot is located in the ultrasonic wave field generated by the ultrasonic wave generating system;

[0071] The magnetic field excitation system and the ultrasonic wave generating system are independently rotated at any angle with the center of the test sample slot as the center.

[0072] Exemplarily, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic field satisfies formula (1):

[0073] L=v / 2f………………………………(1)

[0074] In formula (1), L is the height of the crude oil emulsion, m; v is the speed of sound in the crude oil emulsion, m / s; and f is the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic field, Hz.

[0075] Exemplarily, the inner length of the test sample slot is 50 mm to 100 mm, the inner height of the test sample slot is 50 mm to 100 mm, the inner depth of the test sample slot is 50 mm to 100 mm; and the wall thickness of the test sample slot is 0.5 mm to 5 mm.

[0076] Exemplarily, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are further provided on the groove wall of the test sample groove, the liquid inlet is connected to the sample storage tank to be tested, and the liquid outlet is connected to the waste liquid tank.

[0077] Exemplarily, the material of the test sample slot is a transparent material, and the outer wall surface of the test sample slot is marked with scale;

[0078] The electric field generating system, the magnetic field exciting system and the ultrasonic wave generating system are each independently turned on or off.

[0079] Exemplarily, the electric field generating system comprises:

[0080] A top electrode plate, the top electrode plate being arranged above the test sample slot;

[0081] A bottom electrode plate, the bottom electrode plate being arranged below the test sample slot;

[0082] An alternating current power source is in electrical communication with the top electrode plate and the bottom electrode plate.

[0083] Exemplarily, the top of the sample groove is covered with the top electrode plate; the bottom of the sample groove is covered with the bottom electrode plate.

[0084] Exemplarily, the top electrode plate and the bottom electrode plate are both made of polished brass, and are both coated with insulating material on the surface.

[0085] Exemplarily, the electric field generating system includes an AC power supply and an oscilloscope; the voltage detection port I of the AC power supply is connected to the voltage input port II of the oscilloscope, and the current detection port II is connected to the current input port I of the oscilloscope;

[0086] The top electrode plate is connected to the voltage output port IV of the AC power source, and the bottom electrode plate is grounded to the negative electrode port III of the AC power source to generate an AC electric field.

[0087] Exemplarily, the magnetic field excitation system comprises:

[0088] An electromagnet; the electromagnet is configured to form a magnetic field.

[0089] The ultrasonic generating system comprises:

[0090] An ultrasonic generator is configured to form an ultrasonic field.

[0091] In another aspect, an oil-water separation experimental method is exemplarily provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Using the above system, the experimental method comprises the following steps:

[0092] After calculating the moisture content of the sample to be tested, the sample to be tested is injected into the test sample tank;

[0093] According to the experimental requirements, the flow rate of the sample to be tested in the test sample slot is adjusted, the positions of the electromagnet and the ultrasonic generator are adjusted, the electric field parameters are adjusted and the electric field is output, the magnetic field parameters are adjusted and the magnetic field is output, and the ultrasonic field parameters are adjusted and the ultrasonic field is output;

[0094] After the processing is completed according to the experimental requirements, the oil sample of the upper part of the sample to be tested is taken to calculate the water content; the upper part is the part that is more than 20% of the upper part in the overall height direction of the sample to be tested.

[0095] Exemplarily, the above experimental process can be repeated by changing the electric field, magnetic field and acoustic field parameters, processing time and processing sequence to meet the above experimental requirements.

[0096] Exemplarily, the electric field strength is 0 kV / m to 320 kV / m.

[0097] Exemplarily, the magnetic field strength is 0T to 0.5T.

[0098] Exemplarily, the ultrasonic field intensity is 0W / m 2 Up to 400W / m 2 .

[0099] Exemplarily, the volume of the sample to be tested accounts for 20% to 80% of the volume of the test sample slot.

[0100] Exemplarily, the volume of the sample to be tested in the test sample tank is 90 mL to 360 mL.

[0101] On the other hand, the present disclosure exemplarily provides a method for obtaining multiphase separation parameters of an oil and gas gathering and transportation system, wherein the multiphase separation of the oil and gas gathering and transportation system includes using any one of an electric field, a magnetic field and an ultrasonic field.

[0102] The method comprises:

[0103] Using the above experimental system, the electric field strength, magnetic field strength and ultrasonic field strength are obtained when the sample to be tested continuously achieves the designed oil-water separation effect;

[0104] Substitute the electric field strength and ultrasonic field strength into the following formula to obtain the voltage amplitude required to achieve the electric field strength and the sound pressure amplitude required to achieve the ultrasonic field strength in actual production:

[0105] E=U1 / d1=f E (d2 / d1,U2 / U1)g E (σ2 / σ1, ε2 / ε1)U2 / d2…………(2)

[0106] In formula (2), E is the electric field strength, kV / m; U1 is the voltage amplitude of the electric field generating system, kV; d1 is the electrode plate spacing of the electric field generating system, m; U2 is the voltage amplitude required in actual production, kV; d2 is the electrode plate spacing in actual production, m;

[0107] f E (d2 / d1, U2 / U1) is the distortion effect correction coefficient of the electric field lines at the edge of the non-ideal parallel plate, dimensionless, ranging from 0.75 to 0.99, and is related to the ratio d2 / d1 of the actual electrode plate spacing and the electrode plate spacing of the electric field generating system and the ratio U2 / U1 of the actual voltage amplitude and the voltage amplitude of the electric field generating system; when d2 / d1 is larger, the parameter value is smaller, and when U2 / U1 is larger, the parameter value is larger;

[0108] g E(σ2 / σ1, ε2 / ε1) is a correction factor for power loss due to leakage, polarization, etc., dimensionless, ranging from 0.60 to 0.99, and is related to the conductivity ratio σ2 / σ1 of the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, as well as the dielectric constant ratio ε2 / ε1 of the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system; when σ2 / σ1 is larger, the value of this parameter is larger, and when ε2 / ε1 is larger, the value of this parameter is smaller;

[0109] σ2 is the electrical conductivity of the crude oil emulsion in actual production, mS / m; σ1 is the electrical conductivity of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, mS / m; ε2 is the dielectric constant of the crude oil emulsion in actual production, ε1 is the dielectric constant of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, nF / m.

[0110]

[0111] In formula (3), I is the ultrasonic field intensity, W / m 2 ; P1 is the sound pressure amplitude of the ultrasonic generating system, Pa; ρ1 is the density of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, kg / m 3 ; P2 is the sound pressure amplitude required in actual production, Pa; ρ2 is the density of crude oil emulsion in actual production, kg / m 3 ; c is the speed of sound, m / s;

[0112] is the correction factor for ultrasonic attenuation due to diffusion, absorption, etc., dimensionless, ranging from 0.80 to 0.99, and is the square root of the density of the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system and the ratio of the actual sound pressure amplitude to the ultrasonic generating system P2 / P1 When P2 / P1 is larger, the parameter value is smaller. The larger it is, the larger the value of this parameter is;

[0113] is the ultrasonic interface reflection correction coefficient, dimensionless, ranging from 0.40 to 0.99, and is the ratio of the density difference between the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system to the water density. And the ratio of the density difference between the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system to the water viscosity is related ρ w is the density of water, which is 1000kg / m 3 ; η w is the viscosity of water, generally 1 mPa·s; η1 is the viscosity of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, mPa·s; η2 is the viscosity of the crude oil emulsion in actual production, mPa·s; The larger the value, the smaller the parameter value. The larger it is, the smaller the parameter value is.

[0114] Illustratively, the present disclosure provides the following embodiment 1

[0115] The functional effects of the present invention are specifically described below through embodiments.

[0116] like Figure 1 As shown, a highly efficient oil-water separation experimental system with synergistic effects of electricity, magnetism and ultrasound includes: an electric field generating system, a magnetic field excitation system, an ultrasonic generating system and a sample tank system.

[0117] The electric field generating system comprises:

[0118] AC power supply 1, oscilloscope 2, top electrode plate 10 and bottom electrode plate 11; the voltage detection port I of the AC power supply 1 is connected to the voltage input port II of the oscilloscope 2, and the current detection port II is connected to the current input port I of the oscilloscope 2, so as to monitor the voltage and current signals, the top electrode plate 10 is connected to the voltage output port IV of the AC power supply 1, and the bottom electrode plate 11 is grounded to the negative electrode port III of the AC power supply 1 to generate an AC electric field. The top electrode plate 10 and the bottom electrode plate 11 in the sample tank system are respectively adhered to the top and bottom of the test sample tank 9 containing crude oil emulsion, so that the electric field direction in the test sample tank 9 is vertical from top to bottom, that is, an electric field in the negative direction of the Z axis is applied; the test sample tank 9 in the sample tank system is made of organic glass, the outer wall is marked with scales, and the top can be opened for filling crude oil emulsion.

[0119] In this embodiment, a 20 / 20C high-voltage AC power supply is used, which can output an electric field signal with a voltage range of 0 to ±20 kV and a frequency range of 0 to 20 kHz; a TDS2002B oscilloscope is used to monitor the output voltage, current, frequency and other electric field parameters in real time.

[0120] Under the action of the electric field, the oil droplets undergo dipole coalescence, electrophoretic coalescence, dielectrophoretic coalescence and oscillatory coalescence, which promotes the coalescence of water droplets and increases the particle size, thus improving the dehydration effect of the crude oil emulsion to a certain extent.

[0121] The magnetic field excitation system comprises:

[0122] Electromagnet 3 and DC power supply 4; the electromagnet 3 is connected to the positive port I and the negative port II of the DC power supply 4 to generate a constant magnetic field; the electromagnet 3 in the magnetic field excitation system is placed horizontally along the axis of the test sample slot, so that the direction of the magnetic field in the test sample slot 9 is horizontal from right to left and parallel to the liquid plane, and is perpendicular to the electric field direction, that is, a magnetic field in the negative direction of the X-axis is applied.

[0123] In this embodiment, an HCP series 220V DC power supply is used to power the PEM-5005H electromagnet. The electric field strength of the DC power supply is controlled to be approximately 270kV / m. By adjusting the DC power supply voltage to change the magnetic field strength, a magnetic field strength in the range of 0 to 0.5T can be generated.

[0124] Under the combined action of the electric field and the magnetic field, the trajectory of the water droplets in the oil changes from a short free-stroke planar reciprocating motion to a high-degree-of-freedom three-dimensional spiral motion, increasing the probability of collision of the droplet group and accelerating the coalescence and separation process of the water phase from the multiphase system. At the same time, the magnetic field changes the adsorption rate of water molecules on the surface of wax molecules, which enhances the hydrophobicity of the wax crystals, making it easier for the crystals to migrate on the oil-water interface under the action of the electric field, reducing the stability of the crude oil emulsion and greatly promoting the separation of oil and water. By matching different directions and field strengths of the electric field and magnetic field, combined with different oil-water ratios and temperatures of crude oil emulsions, the most suitable electric field direction, electric field strength, magnetic field direction and magnetic field strength for oil-water separation are matched.

[0125] The ultrasonic generating system comprises:

[0126] A high-frequency power meter 5, a high-frequency power amplifier 6, a signal generator 7 and an ultrasonic transducer 8; the power measurement positive port I and the power measurement negative port II of the high-frequency power meter 5 are respectively connected to the power detection positive port I and the power detection negative port II of the high-frequency power amplifier 6 to monitor the ultrasonic performance parameters; the signal input port III of the high-frequency power amplifier 6 is connected to the signal output port I of the signal generator 7, and the ultrasonic parameters generated by the ultrasonic generation system are changed by adjusting the signal generator 7; the ultrasonic transducer 8 is connected to the power output positive port IV and the power output negative port V of the high-frequency power amplifier 6, so that the signal generated by the signal generator 7 is amplified by the high-frequency power amplifier 6 and transmitted to the ultrasonic transducer 8, and an ultrasonic field is generated; the ultrasonic transducer 8 in the ultrasonic generation system is placed close to the outer wall surface of the rear side of the test sample slot 9, so that the direction of the sound field in the test sample slot 9 is perpendicular to the paper surface from inside to outside, and is orthogonal to the electric field direction and the magnetic field direction, that is, the sound field in the negative direction of the Y axis is applied. The ultrasonic transducer 8 is detachable, and the separation effect of ultrasonic fields in other directions on different phases in the oil-water emulsion can be verified.

[0127] In this embodiment, a 3332-type single-phase high-frequency power meter is used to accurately measure the active power and total power of the high-frequency signal at both ends of the ultrasonic transducer 8; an HFVA-62-type high-frequency linear power amplifier is used to amplify the ultrasonic signal and output it to the ultrasonic transducer 8 through a high-voltage cable; an AFG1022-type arbitrary waveform signal generator is used to generate accurate, stable, low-distortion DC, sine, pulse and other signals, and transmit them to the high-frequency power amplifier 6 through a coaxial cable; a sandwich-type detachable ultrasonic transducer is used to match the frequency and power of the ultrasonic signal generated by the signal generator, and can provide a sound velocity of 1000m / s and a frequency of 0 to 400W / m in the range of 20kHz to 120kHz. 2 of ultrasonic signals.

[0128] Applying ultrasonic waves on the basis of electromagnetic coupling field makes the oil droplets concentrate at the nodes or antinodes of the sound field, which increases the probability and degree of movement, deformation, rupture and coalescence of the oil droplets, reduces the interfacial tension of the crude oil layer water, reduces the viscosity of the crude oil emulsion, and breaks up some molecular clusters of the emulsion, thus realizing the efficient oil-water separation of the crude oil emulsion under the action of electric field, magnetic field and sound field. By matching the different directions and field strengths of the ultrasonic electric field and magnetic field, combined with different oil-water ratios and temperatures of crude oil emulsions, the most suitable electric field direction, electric field strength, magnetic field direction, magnetic field strength, ultrasonic field direction and ultrasonic field strength for oil-water separation are matched.

[0129] Since the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 8 propagates in the medium, it is reflected when encountering the oil-water free interface, forming a reflected wave with the same frequency and amplitude as the incident wave but opposite propagation direction. In order to ensure that the sound field after the incident wave and the reflected wave are superimposed is an ultrasonic standing wave field, it is also necessary to ensure that the phase difference between the incident wave and the reflected wave is constant. Therefore, it is necessary to control the height of the crude oil emulsion to be added, which should satisfy the following formula (1) so that the electric field, magnetic field and sound field signals received by the crude oil emulsion in the test sample tank (9) are complete and uniform.

[0130] L=v / 2f………………………………(1)

[0131] In formula (1), L is the height of the crude oil emulsion, m; v is the speed of sound in the crude oil emulsion, m / s; and f is the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic field, Hz.

[0132] In this embodiment, the size of the test sample tank used is 75*75*80mm, and the volume is 450mL; the size of the top electrode plate and the bottom electrode plate are both 75*75mm, and the material is polished brass plate, and both are coated with PVC insulating material on the surface. The water content of the crude oil emulsion before treatment is calculated by distillation method; fix the top electrode plate 10, adjust the position of the electromagnet 3 and the ultrasonic transducer 8, and place the electromagnet 3 close to the outer wall of the left and right sides of the test sample tank 9, and place the ultrasonic transducer 8 close to the outer wall of the rear side of the test sample tank 9; turn on the AC power supply 1 and the oscilloscope 2, adjust the electric field parameters according to the experimental requirements and output the electric field signal; turn on the DC power supply 4, adjust the magnetic field parameters according to the experimental requirements and output the magnetic field signal; turn on the signal generator 7, the high-frequency power meter 5 and the high-frequency power amplifier 6, and adjust the sound field parameters according to the experimental requirements. The method comprises the following steps: the first step is to calculate the number of ...

Claims

1. An oil-water separation experimental system with synergistic effects of electricity, magnetism and ultrasound, characterized in that: The system comprises: an electric field generating system, a magnetic field exciting system, an ultrasonic generating system and a test sample slot; The electric field generating system is configured so that the test sample slot is located in the electric field generated by the electric field generating system; The magnetic field excitation system is configured so that the test sample slot is located in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field excitation system; The ultrasonic wave generating system is configured so that the test sample slot is located in the ultrasonic wave field generated by the ultrasonic wave generating system; The magnetic field excitation system and the ultrasonic wave generating system are independently rotated at any angle with the center of the test sample slot as the center.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic field satisfies formula (1): L=v / 2f………………………………(1) In formula (1), L is the height of the crude oil emulsion, m; v is the speed of sound in the crude oil emulsion, m / s; and f is the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic field, Hz.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner length of the test sample slot is 50 mm to 100 mm, the inner height of the test sample slot is 50 mm to 100 mm, the inner depth of the test sample slot is 50 mm to 100 mm; and the wall thickness of the test sample slot is 0.5 mm to 5 mm.

4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that A liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are also provided on the groove wall of the test sample groove. The liquid inlet is connected to the sample storage tank to be tested, and the liquid outlet is connected to the waste liquid tank.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The electric field generating system comprises: A top electrode plate, the top electrode plate being arranged above the test sample slot; A bottom electrode plate, the bottom electrode plate being arranged below the test sample slot; An alternating current power source is in electrical communication with the top electrode plate and the bottom electrode plate.

6. An oil-water separation experimental method, characterized in that: Using the system described in any one of claims 1 to 5, the experimental method comprises the following steps: After calculating the moisture content of the sample to be tested, the sample to be tested is injected into the test sample tank; According to the experimental requirements, the flow rate of the sample to be tested in the test sample slot is adjusted, the positions of the electromagnet and the ultrasonic generator are adjusted, the electric field parameters are adjusted and the electric field is output, the magnetic field parameters are adjusted and the magnetic field is output, and the ultrasonic field parameters are adjusted and the ultrasonic field is output; After the processing is completed according to the experimental requirements, the oil sample of the upper part of the sample to be tested is taken to calculate the water content; the upper part is the part that is more than 20% of the upper part in the overall height direction of the sample to be tested.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The electric field strength is 0 kV / m to 320 kV / m; optionally, the magnetic field strength is 0 T to 0.5 T; optionally, the ultrasonic frequency in the ultrasonic field is 20 kHz to 120 kHz, and the ultrasonic field strength is 0 W / m 2 Up to 400W / m 2 .

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The volume of the sample to be tested accounts for 20% to 80% of the volume of the test sample slot.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The volume of the sample to be tested in the test sample tank is 90 mL to 360 mL.

10. A method for obtaining multiphase separation parameters of an oil and gas gathering and transportation system, wherein the multiphase separation of the oil and gas gathering and transportation system comprises using any one of an electric field, a magnetic field and an ultrasonic field, characterized in that: The method comprises: Using the system described in any one of claims 1 to 5, obtaining the electric field strength, magnetic field strength and ultrasonic field strength when the sample to be tested continuously achieves the designed oil-water separation effect; Substitute the electric field strength and ultrasonic field strength into the following formula to obtain the voltage amplitude required to achieve the electric field strength and the sound pressure amplitude required to achieve the ultrasonic field strength in actual production: E=U1 / d1=f E (d2 / d1,U2 / U1)g E (σ2 / σ1,ε2 / ε1)U2 / d2……………(2) In formula (2), E is the electric field strength, kV / m; U1 is the voltage amplitude of the electric field generating system, kV; d1 is the electrode plate spacing of the electric field generating system, m; U2 is the voltage amplitude required in actual production, kV; d2 is the electrode plate spacing in actual production, m; f E (d2 / d1, U2 / U1) is the distortion effect correction coefficient of the electric field lines at the edge of the non-ideal parallel plate, dimensionless, ranging from 0.75 to 0.99, and is related to the ratio d2 / d1 of the actual electrode plate spacing and the electrode plate spacing of the electric field generating system and the ratio U2 / U1 of the actual voltage amplitude and the voltage amplitude of the electric field generating system; when d2 / d1 is larger, the parameter value is smaller, and when U2 / U1 is larger, the parameter value is larger; g E (σ2 / σ1, ε2 / ε1) is a correction factor for power loss, dimensionless, ranging from 0.60 to 0.99, and is related to the conductivity ratio σ2 / σ1 of the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, and the dielectric constant ratio ε2 / ε1 of the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system; when σ2 / σ1 is larger, the value of this parameter is larger, and when ε2 / ε1 is larger, the value of this parameter is smaller; σ2 is the conductivity of the crude oil emulsion in actual production, mS / m; σ1 is the conductivity of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, mS / m; ε2 is the dielectric constant of the crude oil emulsion in actual production, ε1 is the dielectric constant of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, nF / m; In formula (3), I is the ultrasonic field intensity, W / m 2 ; P1 is the sound pressure amplitude of the ultrasonic generating system, Pa; ρ1 is the density of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, kg / m 3 ; P2 is the sound pressure amplitude required in actual production, Pa; ρ2 is the density of crude oil emulsion in actual production, kg / m 3 ; c is the speed of sound, m / s; is the correction factor for ultrasonic attenuation, dimensionless, ranging from 0.80 to 0.99, and is the square root of the density of the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system and the ratio of the actual sound pressure amplitude to the ultrasonic generating system P2 / P1 When P2 / P1 is larger, the parameter value is smaller. The larger it is, the larger the value of this parameter is; is the ultrasonic interface reflection correction coefficient, dimensionless, ranging from 0.40 to 0.99, and is the ratio of the density difference between the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system to the water density. And the ratio of the density difference between the crude oil emulsion in actual production and the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system to the water viscosity is related ρ w is the density of water, which is 1000kg / m 3 ; η w is the viscosity of water, generally 1 mPa·s; η1 is the viscosity of the crude oil emulsion in the experimental system, mPa·s; η2 is the viscosity of the crude oil emulsion in actual production, mPa·s; The larger the value, the smaller the parameter value. The larger it is, the smaller the parameter value is.

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