Dimming film and dimming glass

Abstract

The invention provides a dimming film and dimming glass. Combined conductive leads are introduced to the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer to form a circuit, the current trend in the dimming film is changed, the dimming effect that the visible light transmittance gradually changes in the open state can be achieved, meanwhile, the function of heating the surface of the dimming film is achieved, the environmental influence of rain, snow, cold and dew can be eliminated, and the service life of the dimming film is prolonged. Good application prospects are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic light-controlling materials, and in particular to a dimming film and a dimming glass. Background Art

[0002] A dimming film is an electronic light-control device. It is mainly composed of a light-control layer between two layers of transparent conductive films. When the electric field is turned on, the arrangement or state of the material in the light-control layer changes, thereby changing the light transmittance of the device, such as from low transmittance to high transmittance, or from high transmittance to low transmittance. Through the action of the electric field, a rapid conversion between the on-state and the off-state can be achieved. According to the different light-control mechanisms of the light-control layer, the dimming film can be divided into suspended particle dimming film, polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, electrochemical reaction dimming film, etc.

[0003] The dimming films known in the art, such as polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming films, suspended particle dimming films, electrochromic dimming films, etc., generally have at least five-layer laminated structures, namely a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, a light control layer, a second transparent conductive layer and a second transparent substrate. In the usage scenario, in order to electrically connect the dimming film to an external power source, at least two conductive leads are required to be electrically connected to the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer respectively, and then electrically connected to the two poles of the external power source, so as to realize the operation of the dimming film driven by the external power source. The above process usually obtains a dimming film product with uniform light transmittance.

[0004] The present invention arranges a combined conductive lead on the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer to electrically connect to an external power source, thereby changing the circuit direction inside the dimming film, and can obtain a dimming film product in which the visible light transmittance shows a gradually changing effect in the on state. At the same time, the product can have a heating function, can adapt to colder and more humid environments, and has good application prospects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The inventor proposed a dimming film and a dimming film glass, which mainly solves the problem of adjustable transmittance at different positions of the dimming film by setting a special combined conductive lead circuit in the transparent conductive layer, and at the same time solves the problem of ice and condensation on the surface of the dimming film and inability to work normally in a cold and humid environment.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a dimming film is provided, comprising a first transparent substrate (1), a first transparent conductive layer (2), a light control layer (3), a second transparent conductive layer (4), a second transparent substrate (5) and a combined conductive lead (6) which are stacked in sequence; the combined conductive lead (6) comprises at least two conductive leads arranged on the first transparent conductive layer (2), and at least one conductive lead arranged on the second transparent conductive layer (4); the conductive lead is electrically connected to the first transparent conductive layer (2) or the second transparent conductive layer (4).

[0007] Furthermore, the at least two conductive leads arranged on the first transparent conductive layer (2) are electrically connected to two poles of the external power source A through conductive wires.

[0008] Furthermore, at least one conductive lead arranged on the second transparent conductive layer (4) is electrically connected to one electrode of the external power source B through a wire.

[0009] Furthermore, the voltage, phase and frequency of the power source A and the power source B are consistent.

[0010] Furthermore, when the power supply A and the power supply B are DC power supplies, the frequency is zero.

[0011] In the present invention, the power source is not particularly limited, and can be a conventional power source used for dimming films well known to those skilled in the art.

[0012] Furthermore, at least two conductive leads are arranged on the second transparent conductive layer (4), which are electrically connected to two poles of an external power source through conductive wires respectively, and two poles with opposite electrical properties cannot be electrically connected to the second transparent conductive layer (4) at the same time.

[0013] Furthermore, the conductive lead includes at least one of a metal wire, a metal conductive mesh, and a flexible circuit board.

[0014] Furthermore, the first transparent substrate (1) and the second transparent substrate (5) are glass plates.

[0015] Furthermore, the first transparent substrate (1) and the second transparent substrate (5) are transparent plastic sheets.

[0016] Furthermore, the first transparent conductive layer (2) and the second transparent conductive layer (4) are each independently selected from at least one of an ITO conductive layer, a FZO conductive layer, an IZO conductive layer, a GZO conductive layer, an AZO conductive layer, a PEDOT conductive layer, a nano-Ag wire conductive layer, conductive graphene or a nano-Cu wire conductive layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the surface of the first transparent conductive layer (2) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (4) facing the light control layer (3) is covered with an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer material includes at least one of epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyimide resin, polystyrene resin, acrylic resin, modified acrylic resin or silicone resin.

[0018] Furthermore, the light control layer (3) is selected from at least one of a suspended particle light control layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal light control layer or an electrochromic light control layer.

[0019] In the present invention, the method of providing the conductive leads on the transparent conductive layer is not particularly limited, and the conventional method used for dimming films well known to those skilled in the art may be used.

[0020] A second aspect of the present invention provides a dimming glass comprising a first glass plate (7) and a second glass plate (8), and the dimming film as described above arranged between the first glass plate (7) and the second glass plate (8).

[0021] In the present invention, there is no special restriction on the types of the first glass plate and the second glass plate. They can be transparent glass for conventional dimming glass well known to those skilled in the art. They can be ordinary glass such as inorganic glass and organic glass, or functional glass such as UV blocking glass, IR blocking glass, Low-E glass, tempered glass or antibacterial glass, etc. They can also be selected from colored glass such as gray glass and brown glass.

[0022] Furthermore, a first interlayer (9) is provided between the first glass plate (7) and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer (10) is provided between the second glass plate (8) and the dimming film.

[0023] In the present invention, the types of the first interlayer (9) and the second interlayer (10) are not particularly limited, and they are conventional interlayers for dimming glass well known to those skilled in the art, and may be EVA films, TPU films, PVB films, or functional films, such as UV-blocking EVA films, UV-blocking TPU films, UV-blocking PVB films, etc., or films with a certain color, such as gray EVA films, gray TPU films, gray PVB films, etc.

[0024] In the present invention, the method for manufacturing the dimming glass is not particularly limited, and can be a conventional laminating method of dimming glass in the art, such as laminating in a laminator, or laminating in an autoclave or a laminating box / furnace.

[0025] The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned dimming film or dimming glass in one or more of automobile window glass, skylight glass and glass curtain wall.

[0026] The present invention proposes a dimming film and a dimming film glass. By setting a special combined conductive lead circuit in the transparent conductive layer, the circuit direction inside the dimming film can be changed, so that different positions of the dimming film obtain different voltages, thereby making the visible light transmittance of the dimming film in the open state present a gradual effect. In addition, the circuit setting can also provide a heating function on the surface of the dimming film, eliminating the influence of rain, snow, cold and foggy environment, and significantly expanding the application scenarios of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transparent conductive layer provided with two conductive leads according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a transparent conductive layer provided with one conductive lead provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a dimming film provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a dimming film provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure and circuit connection of the dimming film provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure and circuit connection of a dimming film provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure and circuit connection of a dimming film provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure and circuit connection of a dimming film provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the dimming glass provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 A data diagram of light transmittance gradient of a dimming film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Among them, 1. a first transparent substrate, 2. a first transparent conductive layer, 3. a light control layer, 4. a second transparent conductive layer, 5. a second transparent substrate, 6. conductive leads, 7. a first glass plate, 8. a second glass plate, 9. a first interlayer, and 10. a second interlayer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The invention provides a dimming film and dimming glass with a combined conductive lead circuit.

[0040] the term

[0041] In the present invention, the following terms used have the meanings defined below.

[0042] Transparent conductive film:

[0043] A laminated composition of a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive layer.

[0044] Electrical connection:

[0045] It refers to a connection that is physically connected through a conductor and through which current can flow; if a switching device is provided in the circuit, it is a non-electrical connection when the switching device is in a disconnected state, and it is an electrical connection when the switching device is in a connected state.

[0046] In the present invention, the concepts of the first transparent substrate, the second transparent substrate, the first transparent conductive layer, and the second transparent conductive layer only represent the relative relationship between the two, and are not restrictive conditions. They do not necessarily have to be the first and second relationships, but can also be up, down, front, back, left, right, and other directional relationships.

[0047] In order to better illustrate the present invention, the following specific examples are provided.

[0048] Example 1 Preparation of dimming film

[0049] Preparation of light-controlling particles:

[0050] Add 30g of isoamyl acetate solution containing 21.2wt% nitrocellulose (model SS1 / 4sec), 6g I2, 70g isoamyl acetate, 4g anhydrous CaI2 and 4g titanium dioxide (model P25) to a 250mL three-necked round-bottomed glass flask and heat to 42°C. After I2 is dissolved, add 6g anhydrous methanol, 0.8g distilled water and 4g 2,5-pyrazine dicarboxylic acid dihydrate to the above three-necked round-bottomed glass flask, heat and stir at 42°C to react for 4 hours, and then cool naturally. The resulting reaction solution is centrifuged at 1350G for 0.5h to remove large particle products, and then the supernatant is centrifuged at 18000G for 5h, and the supernatant is discarded to obtain light-controlled particles.

[0051] Preparation of polymer matrix precursor:

[0052] Dissolve 2.7g trisilyl hydroxyethyl-POSS in 190mL heptane to prepare a POSS solution. Add 54g hydroxyl-terminated dimethyl diphenyl polysiloxane and 190mL of the above POSS solution to a 500mL three-necked round-bottom glass flask. One side of the three-necked round-bottom glass flask is connected to a water separator and a condenser, a mechanical stirrer is installed in the middle, and a thermometer is placed on the other side; the solution in the three-necked round-bottom glass flask is heated to reflux for 30min. When a small amount of water appears in the water separator, add a catalyst stannous octoate solution (a solution formed by dissolving 0.13g stannous octoate in 10mL heptane). Then add a mixture of 3g hydrolyzed acryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and 1.8g hydrolyzed epoxypropyl trimethoxysilane dropwise for about 5 minutes. Then the condensation reaction is carried out for 5 hours, and then 30mL trimethylmethoxysilane is immediately added as a terminator for the reaction; the termination reaction lasts for 2h, and then it is quickly cooled to room temperature. Mix 50 mL of ethanol and the cooled reaction solution in a 1L beaker, and then wash the reaction bottle with 30 mL of heptane and pour it into the beaker. After mixing evenly, add 200 mL of methanol and stir for 15 minutes. Pour the resulting mixture into a 1L separatory funnel and let it stand for several hours to separate into layers. Take out the lower clear liquid and evaporate it at 70°C to finally obtain a polymer matrix precursor.

[0053] Preparation of light control layer matrix emulsion:

[0054] 0.1 g of photoinitiator 819, 3.0 g of light-controlling particles, 26.9 g of suspension medium, i.e., dioctyl terephthalate, and 70.0 g of polymer matrix precursor were mixed evenly to obtain a light-controlling layer matrix emulsion.

[0055] The suspended particle light-control layer matrix emulsion was coated on the ITO / PET transparent conductive film by a roll-to-roll automatic coating machine, and then another layer of ITO transparent conductive film was covered on the light-control layer matrix emulsion wet film to obtain a wet film containing the light-control layer. In a nitrogen atmosphere, it was cured in a UV curing box for 1 minute with a UV power of 700W / m 2 , that is, the suspended particle dimming film is obtained. Example 2 Preparation of dimming film containing combined conductive leads

[0056] The suspended particle dimming film prepared in Example 1 was used according to Figure 1 Make the conductive leads on the first transparent conductive layer according to Figure 2 Conductive leads are formed on the second transparent conductive layer, and the dimming film containing the conductive leads is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, according to Figure 6 Circuit connection mode, external 60V, 60Hz AC power supply;

[0057] The method for setting the conductive lead is to apply conductive silver paste or conductive glue on a local position near the edge of the first transparent conductive layer or the second transparent conductive layer, and then adhere the conductive lead (conductive copper tape) to the conductive silver paste or conductive glue respectively, and dry it;

[0058] By adjusting different switches on the circuit, the overall dimming film performance can be adjusted.

[0059] When switch 1 connects the circuit and switch 2 disconnects the circuit, the dimming film can be heated due to current flowing through the first transparent conductive layer, but the dimming function cannot be achieved.

[0060] When switch 1 disconnects the circuit and switch 2 connects the circuit, it is the conductive lead and circuit connection method of the prior art dimming film;

[0061] When switch 1 is connected to the circuit and switch 2 is connected to the circuit, the first transparent conductive layer has current flowing through it, which can heat the dimming film. There are different potential differences at different positions between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer. The potential difference on the left side is the smallest, and the dimming film is in a dark state. The potential difference on the right side is the largest, and the dimming film is in a bright state. At this time, the transmittance of the dimming film gradually increases from left to right. The effect of the change in transmittance can be seen. Fig.10 , the X coordinate in the figure is Figure 6 From left to right in the figure, the Y coordinate is the corresponding visible light transmittance; the temperature of the dimming film after 10 minutes of power-on is 28°C (room temperature is 22°C), and the heating effect is obvious.

[0062] Example 3 Preparation of a dimming film containing combined conductive leads

[0063] The suspended particle dimming film prepared in Example 1 was used according to Figure 1 Conductive leads are formed on the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer, and a dimming film containing combined conductive leads is formed. Figure 4 As shown, according to Figure 7 Circuit connection mode, external 110V, 60Hz AC power supply;

[0064] By adjusting different switches on the circuit, the overall dimming film performance can be adjusted.

[0065] When switch 1 is connected to the circuit and switch 2 is disconnected, switch 3 is connected to the circuit and switch 4 is disconnected, the dimming film can be heated due to current passing through the first transparent conductive layer, but the dimming function cannot be realized;

[0066] When switch 1 disconnects the circuit and switch 2 connects the circuit, switch 3 disconnects the circuit and switch 4 connects the circuit, since current flows through the second transparent conductive layer, the dimming film can be heated, but the dimming cannot be performed;

[0067] When switch 1 is connected to the circuit, switch 2 is connected to the circuit, switch 3 is connected to the circuit, and switch 4 is disconnected, since the first transparent conductive layer has current passing through it, the dimming film can be heated, and different positions between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer have different potential differences. The potential difference on the left side is the smallest, and the dimming film is in a dark state. The potential difference on the right side is the largest, and the dimming film is in a bright state. At this time, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film gradually increases from left to right.

[0068] When switch 1 is connected to the circuit, switch 2 is connected to the circuit, switch 3 is disconnected, and switch 4 is connected to the circuit, since the second transparent conductive layer has current passing through it, the dimming film can be heated, and different positions between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer have different potential differences. The potential difference on the left side is the smallest, and the dimming film is in a dark state. The potential difference on the right side is the largest, and the dimming film is in a bright state. At this time, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film gradually increases from left to right;

[0069] When switch 1 is connected to the circuit, switch 2 is connected to the circuit, switch 3 is connected to the circuit, and switch 4 is connected to the circuit, since current flows through the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer, the dimming film can be heated, but the dimming cannot be performed;

[0070] When switch 1 is connected to the circuit, switch 2 is disconnected, switch 3 is connected to the circuit, and switch 4 is connected to the circuit, since the current passes through the first transparent conductive layer, the dimming film can be heated, and different positions between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer have different potential differences. The potential difference on the left side is the largest, and the dimming film is in a bright state. The potential difference on the right side is the smallest, and the dimming film is in a dark state. At this time, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film shows a gradually decreasing effect from left to right;

[0071] When switch 1 disconnects the circuit, switch 2 connects the circuit, switch 3 connects the circuit, and switch 4 connects the circuit, since the second transparent conductive layer has current passing through it, the dimming film can be heated, and different positions between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer have different potential differences. The potential difference on the left side is the largest, and the dimming film is in a bright state. The potential difference on the right side is the smallest, and the dimming film is in a dark state. At this time, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film gradually decreases from left to right.

[0072] When switch 1 disconnects the circuit, switch 2 connects the circuit, switch 3 connects the circuit, and switch 4 disconnects the circuit, it is the conductive lead and circuit connection method of the prior art dimming film;

[0073] When switch 1 connects the circuit, switch 2 disconnects the circuit, switch 3 disconnects the circuit, and switch 4 connects the circuit, it is the conductive lead and circuit connection method of the prior art dimming film.

[0074] Example 4 Preparation of a dimming film containing combined conductive leads

[0075] The suspended particle dimming film prepared in Example 1 was used according to Figure 1Make the conductive leads on the first transparent conductive layer according to Figure 2 Conductive leads are formed on the second transparent conductive layer, and the dimming film containing the conductive leads is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, according to Figure 8 Circuit connection mode, external 110V, 60Hz AC power supply;

[0076] By adjusting different switches on the circuit, the overall dimming film performance can be adjusted.

[0077] When switch 1 is connected to the circuit and switch 2 is disconnected, switch 3 is connected to the circuit and switch 4 is disconnected, the dimming film can be heated due to current passing through the first transparent conductive layer, but the dimming function cannot be realized;

[0078] When switch 1 is connected to the circuit, switch 2 is connected to the circuit, switch 3 is connected to the circuit, and switch 4 is disconnected, since the first transparent conductive layer has current passing through it, the dimming film can be heated, and different positions between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer have different potential differences. The potential difference on the left side is the smallest, and the dimming film is in a dark state. The potential difference on the right side is the largest, and the dimming film is in a bright state. At this time, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film gradually increases from left to right.

[0079] When switch 1 is connected to the circuit, switch 2 is disconnected, switch 3 is connected to the circuit, and switch 4 is connected to the circuit, since the current passes through the first transparent conductive layer, the dimming film can be heated, and different positions between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer have different potential differences. The potential difference on the left side is the largest, and the dimming film is in a bright state. The potential difference on the right side is the smallest, and the dimming film is in a dark state. At this time, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film shows a gradually decreasing effect from left to right;

[0080] When switch 1 disconnects the circuit, switch 2 connects the circuit, switch 3 connects the circuit, and switch 4 disconnects the circuit, it is the conductive lead and circuit connection method of the prior art dimming film;

[0081] When switch 1 connects the circuit, switch 2 disconnects the circuit, switch 3 disconnects the circuit, and switch 4 connects the circuit, it is the conductive lead and circuit connection method of the prior art dimming film.

[0082] The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A dimming film, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first transparent substrate (1), a first transparent conductive layer (2), a light control layer (3), a second transparent conductive layer (4), a second transparent substrate (5) and a combined conductive lead (6) which are stacked in sequence; the combined conductive lead (6) comprises at least two conductive leads arranged on the first transparent conductive layer (2) and at least one conductive lead arranged on the second transparent conductive layer (4); the conductive lead is electrically connected to the first transparent conductive layer (2) or the second transparent conductive layer (4).

2. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two conductive leads arranged on the first transparent conductive layer (2) are electrically connected to two poles of an external power source A through conductive wires.

3. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one conductive lead arranged on the second transparent conductive layer (4) is electrically connected to one pole of the external power source B through a wire.

4. The dimming film according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that: The voltage, phase and frequency of the power source A and the power source B are consistent.

5. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two conductive leads are arranged on the second transparent conductive layer (4), and are electrically connected to two poles of an external power source through conductive wires respectively, and two poles with opposite electrical properties cannot be electrically connected to the second transparent conductive layer (4) at the same time.

6. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive lead includes at least one of a metal wire, a metal conductive mesh, and a flexible circuit board.

7. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transparent substrate (1) and the second transparent substrate (5) are glass plates.

8. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transparent substrate (1) and the second transparent substrate (5) are transparent plastic sheets.

9. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transparent conductive layer (2) and the second transparent conductive layer (4) are each independently selected from at least one of an ITO conductive layer, a FZO conductive layer, an IZO conductive layer, a GZO conductive layer, an AZO conductive layer, a PEDOT conductive layer, a nano-Ag wire conductive layer, conductive graphene or a nano-Cu wire conductive layer.

10. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the first transparent conductive layer (2) and / or the second transparent conductive layer (4) facing the light control layer (3) is covered with an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer material includes at least one of epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyimide resin, polystyrene resin, acrylic resin, modified acrylic resin or silicone resin.

11. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light control layer (3) is selected from at least one of a suspended particle light control layer, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal light control layer or an electrochromic light control layer.

12. A dimming glass, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first glass plate (7) and a second glass plate (8), and a dimming film according to any one of claims 1 to 11 arranged between the first glass plate (7) and the second glass plate (8).

13. The switchable glass according to claim 12, characterized in that: A first interlayer (9) is provided between the first glass plate (7) and the dimming film, and / or a second interlayer (10) is provided between the second glass plate (8) and the dimming film.

14. Use of the dimming film according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or the dimming glass according to any one of claims 12 to 13 in one or more of automobile window glass, skylight glass and glass curtain wall.

Images