Intelligent optimization method for foundation pit group construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis

Abstract

The invention discloses a foundation pit group construction scheme intelligent optimization method based on BIM and finite element analysis, and relates to the technical field of building construction. Comprising the steps of obtaining construction scheme data, and integrating and establishing a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model; based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model, a particle swarm algorithm is adopted to optimize the construction period, and the shortest construction period of foundation pit group construction is obtained; and the foundation pit group BIM model is converted into a finite element model, the obtained shortest construction period is applied to the finite element model, iteration is conducted multiple times till the safety requirement is met, and the optimal construction procedure and the reasonable construction period are obtained. According to the method, the model is directly constructed from the character construction scheme data and then is converted into the finite element model, so that the efficiency of constructing the finite element model can be improved. By using the particle swarm intelligent optimization algorithm, the shortest construction period can be given under the condition of considering the resource intensity so as to adjust the construction optimization scheme, and the result is combined with the finite element model, so that the scientificity and rationality of project decision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to an intelligent optimization method for foundation pit group construction schemes based on BIM and finite element analysis. Background Art

[0002] Excavation of foundation pits is one of the key steps in construction and civil engineering. The simultaneous construction of large-scale foundation pits will affect each other. How to adopt a reasonable excavation sequence, excavation depth and support structure system is the key to controlling the safe construction of foundation pits. Traditional foundation pit engineering management usually relies on experience and manual calculations. This method is easily affected by many variables and uncertain factors, resulting in inaccurate construction period estimates, cost overruns and increased engineering risks.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of building information modeling (BIM) technology and numerical simulation, engineers and project managers have begun to use these advanced tools to improve the planning and management of foundation pit excavation projects. BIM technology allows the creation and visualization of three-dimensional models, providing more information and visualization tools for project management. Numerical simulation technology allows engineers to simulate different excavation strategies and engineering scenarios to evaluate their potential impacts. Although BIM and numerical simulation technologies have improved the planning and management of foundation pit projects, there is still a challenge to optimize the construction period. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is needed that can combine BIM models, numerical simulation results, and intelligent optimization algorithms to optimize the excavation process of foundation pits. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention combines building information modeling technology with numerical simulation to systematically analyze the impact of different parameters and strategies of foundation pit excavation on the project, thereby increasing the scientificity and rationality of project decision-making.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an intelligent optimization method for foundation pit group construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Obtain construction plan data;

[0007] (2) Integrate and establish a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model based on the construction plan data;

[0008] (3) Based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model, a particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the construction period to obtain the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group;

[0009] (4) Convert the foundation pit group construction BIM model into a finite element model, and apply the shortest construction period obtained in step (3) to the finite element model, iterate multiple times until the safety requirements are met, and obtain the best construction process and reasonable construction period.

[0010] Furthermore, the step (2) is specifically as follows:

[0011] (2.1) Obtaining foundation pit group structure data and foundation pit group excavation construction data from the construction plan data; the foundation pit group structure data refers to the structure size, geological conditions, support type, support size and support material data of the foundation pit group; the foundation pit group excavation construction data refers to the excavation sequence and excavation depth data of the foundation pit group;

[0012] (2.2) constructing a foundation pit group structure model based on BIM according to the foundation pit group structure data;

[0013] (2.3) Build a foundation pit group excavation model based on BIM according to the foundation pit group excavation construction data and the excavation depth construction process;

[0014] (2.4) A complete foundation pit group construction BIM model is established based on the foundation pit group structure model and the foundation pit group excavation model.

[0015] Furthermore, the step (3) is specifically as follows:

[0016] (3.1) extracting the arrangement information of the construction period of the foundation pit group from the construction plan data, and obtaining relevant time parameters based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model;

[0017] The time parameters include the start time, duration, resource intensity, preceding work and following work of each construction process of each foundation pit;

[0018] (3.2) The particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the construction period, adjust the sequence and time allocation of each construction process, and obtain the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group.

[0019] Furthermore, the step (3.1) is specifically as follows:

[0020] The resource intensity, preceding work and following work of each construction process are obtained or calculated from the extracted arrangement information of the construction period of the foundation pit group; the preceding work is the process that must be completed before the process; the following work is the process that must be completed after the process;

[0021] The start time and duration of each construction process are calculated through the foundation pit group construction BIM model.

[0022] Furthermore, the step (3.2) is specifically as follows:

[0023] (3.2.1) Analyze the preceding and succeeding tasks to obtain the dependency relationship between the processes;

[0024] (3.2.2) Set the objective function and constraints to obtain the function of project completion time;

[0025] The objective function and constraints are:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] Where: d represents resources, m represents the number of resources, t represents time, T represents the total construction period, i represents the process number, and n represents the number of processes; R d is the maximum supply of resource d; R i，d (t) is the total amount of d resources consumed by process i at time t; h is the process number in the immediate preceding work; T h D is the actual start time of the immediate predecessor process h of process i; h is the duration of process h; T i is the actual start time of process i; ES i is the earliest start time of process i;

[0029] (3.2.3) Set the particle swarm optimization parameters, where each particle is a vector containing the order of the processes and the start time of each process. Run the particle swarm optimization algorithm, round it up to get the optimal start time of an integer, run it multiple times and count the results to get the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group.

[0030] Furthermore, the particle swarm optimization parameters include the number of particles, inertia weight and acceleration constant.

[0031] Furthermore, the step (4) is specifically as follows:

[0032] (4.1) Converting the foundation pit group construction BIM model into a finite element model;

[0033] According to the geometric shape, material properties, and boundary conditions in the foundation pit group construction BIM model, a corresponding finite element grid is constructed; each grid unit represents a discrete area of ​​the building structure, and contains the geometric shape and material property information of the area. Then, according to the parameters in the foundation pit group construction BIM model, these parameters are matched one by one with the corresponding parameters in the finite element model;

[0034] (4.2) applying the shortest construction period obtained in step (3) to the finite element model;

[0035] According to the construction process corresponding to the shortest construction period, the finite element model is used to numerically simulate the stress conditions of the foundation pit at different construction stages, and by applying appropriate loads and boundary conditions, the safety factor of the foundation pit corresponding to each construction process is calculated to conduct a safety assessment;

[0036] (4.3) Through multiple iterations, the construction period and construction sequence are continuously adjusted until the safety requirements are met and the optimal construction process and reasonable construction period are obtained.

[0037] The present invention also provides an intelligent optimization device for foundation pit group construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis, comprising:

[0038] A construction plan data acquisition module is used to acquire construction plan data;

[0039] A modeling module is used to integrate and establish a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model based on the construction plan data;

[0040] Intelligent optimization module, which is used to optimize the construction period based on the BIM model of foundation pit group construction using particle swarm algorithm to obtain the shortest construction period of foundation pit group construction;

[0041] The finite element analysis module is used to convert the foundation pit group construction BIM model into a finite element model, and apply the shortest construction period obtained by the intelligent optimization module to the finite element model, iterate multiple times until the safety requirements are met, and obtain the best construction process and reasonable construction period.

[0042] Furthermore, the modeling module includes:

[0043] A data extraction module is used to obtain foundation pit group structure data and foundation pit group excavation construction data from the construction plan data; the foundation pit group structure data refers to the structure size, geological conditions, support type, support size and support material data of the foundation pit group; the foundation pit group excavation construction data refers to the excavation sequence and excavation depth data of the foundation pit group;

[0044] A foundation pit group structure modeling submodule is used to build a foundation pit group structure model corresponding to each foundation pit based on BIM according to the foundation pit group structure data and different earth excavation data;

[0045] The foundation pit group excavation modeling submodule is used to build a foundation pit group excavation model based on BIM according to the foundation pit group excavation construction data, the foundation pit excavation sequence and excavation depth construction process;

[0046] The foundation pit group construction BIM modeling submodule is used to integrate and establish a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model based on the foundation pit group structure model and the foundation pit group excavation model.

[0047] Furthermore, the intelligent optimization module includes:

[0048] Parameter initialization module, used to set particle swarm optimization parameters:

[0049] A data acquisition module is used to extract the arrangement information of the construction period of the foundation pit group from the construction plan data, and obtain relevant time parameters based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model, wherein the time parameters include the start time, duration, resource intensity, preceding work and following work of each construction process of each foundation pit, and analyze the preceding work and following work to obtain dependency relationship;

[0050] The particle swarm algorithm module is used to run the particle swarm optimization algorithm and update the speed and position of particles using the iterative formula of the particle swarm algorithm according to the objective function and constraints;

[0051] The result output module is used to output the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group.

[0052] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0053] 1. The present invention directly constructs a model from textual construction plan data and then converts it into a finite element model, which can improve the efficiency of constructing the finite element model.

[0054] 2. The present invention uses a particle swarm intelligent optimization algorithm to give the shortest construction period to adjust the construction optimization plan while considering resource intensity, and combines the results with the finite element model, thereby increasing the scientificity and rationality of project decision-making.

[0055] 3. The present invention combines building information modeling technology with numerical simulation, and can systematically analyze the impact of different parameters and strategies of foundation pit excavation on the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of an intelligent optimization method for foundation pit group construction based on BIM and finite element analysis in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 It is a principle block diagram of an intelligent optimization device for foundation pit group construction based on BIM and finite element analysis in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0059] Embodiment 1:

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent optimization method for foundation pit group construction based on BIM and finite element analysis, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S101, obtaining construction plan data.

[0062] In this embodiment, the construction plan data refers to the preliminary planned construction plan data, from which the specific engineering information and related information of the foundation pit group can be obtained.

[0063] S102: Integrate and establish a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model based on the construction plan data.

[0064] The foundation pit group construction BIM model is a three-dimensional model of the foundation pit group construction built through the revit platform of the BIM model.

[0065] (1) Obtain foundation pit group structure data and foundation pit group excavation construction data from the construction plan data.

[0066] The foundation pit group structure data refers to the structure size, geological conditions, support type, support size and support material data of the foundation pit group in the construction plan data. The foundation pit group excavation construction data refers to the excavation sequence and excavation depth data of the foundation pit group in the construction plan data.

[0067] (2) Build the foundation pit group structure model based on BIM according to the foundation pit group structure data.

[0068] The structural data of foundation pit groups refer to data such as the structural dimensions, geological conditions, support types, support dimensions and support materials of the foundation pit groups.

[0069] According to the structural dimensions of the foundation pit group, the dimensional parameter information including length, width and depth is obtained; according to the geological conditions, the geological characteristics such as the nature of the geological layer where the excavation pit is located, the soil type, and the groundwater level are obtained; according to the adjacent building data, the distance between the foundation pit and the surrounding buildings, the interaction relationship and other information are obtained. These site information are input into the BIM model, and the modeling functions and tools of BIM are used to build a site model corresponding to each excavation pit.

[0070] The support type refers to the type of support structure, the support size includes the size and shape information of the support structure, and the support material data covers the material properties used for the support structure. According to the type, size and material data of different supports, they are input into the BIM model, and the support model corresponding to each support is constructed through the BIM model. These models can accurately reflect the type, geometry and material properties of the support structure, and provide a visual reference for the planning and design of the support project.

[0071] Therefore, the structural model of the foundation pit group was obtained based on the site model and the support model.

[0072] (3) According to the excavation construction data of the foundation pit group, the excavation sequence and excavation depth construction process are determined based on BIM to build the excavation model of the foundation pit group.

[0073] The excavation construction data of the foundation pit group includes the order and depth information of the foundation pit excavation, that is, the relevant information of earthwork excavation. According to the data of different earthwork excavation, it is input into the BIM model, and the earthwork excavation model corresponding to each foundation pit is constructed through the BIM model. These models can accurately represent the excavation order and depth of the foundation pit, as well as the relationship with the surrounding geological conditions, and provide a visual analysis tool for the planning and construction of earthwork excavation projects.

[0074] (4) Establish a complete BIM model of foundation pit group construction based on the integration of foundation pit group structure model and foundation pit group excavation model.

[0075] By integrating the foundation pit group structure model and the foundation pit group excavation model, a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model can be established, completing the mapping of the two-dimensional information of the foundation pit construction drawing to the BIM model, and fully presenting the structural relationship of each part. This method can achieve fine modeling and accurate simulation of the foundation pit, visualize the full process management and collaboration of the foundation pit group construction project, improve the efficiency of construction, reduce errors and conflicts, and provide a comprehensive reference for construction.

[0076] S103, based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model, using a particle swarm algorithm to optimize the construction period to obtain the shortest construction period for the foundation pit group.

[0077] (1) Extract the construction schedule information of the foundation pit group from the construction plan data, and calculate the relevant time parameters based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model.

[0078] Time parameters include the start time, duration, resource intensity, preceding work and following work of each construction process (excavation, support, pouring, etc.) of each foundation pit. Resource intensity refers to labor, machinery, etc.; preceding work is the process that must be completed before the process; following work is the process that must be completed after the process.

[0079] The resource intensity, preceding work, and following work of each construction process can be obtained or calculated from the extracted arrangement information of the foundation pit group construction period; the calculation of resource intensity is the key to multi-resource optimization, because different resources have different dimensions. Different resources are homogenized to ensure comparability. Then, a weighted average is performed according to the importance of the resources to obtain the equivalent resource requirements of the process.

[0080] The start time and duration of each construction process can be calculated based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model combined with resource utilization and construction process simulation.

[0081] These time parameters will provide a basis for subsequent particle swarm optimization to achieve the shortest construction period for the foundation pit group. The specific time parameter data in the embodiment of the present invention are shown in the following table:

[0082] Table 1

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Among them: ES is the earliest start time.

[0086] (2) The particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the construction period, adjust the sequence and time allocation of each construction process, and obtain the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group.

[0087] (2.1) Analyze the predecessor and successor tasks to obtain the dependency relationship.

[0088] (2.2) Set the objective function and constraints, and calculate the function of project completion time.

[0089] The target function and constraints are:

[0090]

[0091] Where: d represents resources, m represents the number of resources, t represents time, T represents the total construction period, i represents the process number, and n represents the number of processes; R d is the maximum supply of resource d; R i，d (t) is the total amount of d resources consumed by process i at time t; h is the process number in the immediate preceding work; T h D is the actual start time of the immediate predecessor process h of process i; h is the duration of process h; T i is the actual start time of process i; ES i is the earliest start time of process i.

[0092] Initialize the completion time to 0 and obtain the number of processes; obtain the process number, duration, and dependencies for each process. If the process has dependencies, filter out valid dependencies to ensure that they are within the task scope; adjust the start time to ensure that it is not earlier than the completion time of the dependent task; and calculate the completion time of the task.

[0093] (2.3) Setting the particle swarm optimization parameters, where each particle is a vector containing the order of the processes and the start time of each process, running the particle swarm optimization algorithm, rounding off to get the optimal start time of an integer, running the algorithm multiple times and counting the results, and obtaining the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group.

[0094] The particle swarm optimization algorithm is a heuristic optimization algorithm that simulates the foraging behavior of bird flocks and iteratively searches for the optimal solution in the solution space. The particle swarm optimization parameters include the number of particles, inertia weight, and acceleration constant. During the optimization process, the position and velocity of each solution (particle) are adjusted according to its individual historical optimal position and the group's historical optimal position to find the optimal solution.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present invention, each particle is set as a vector, which includes the sequence of processes and the start time of each process.

[0096] First, the particle swarm is randomly initialized, and each particle has a random position and velocity. In each iteration, the velocity and position of each particle are updated.

[0097] The risk of falling into a local optimum can be reduced by:

[0098] Mutation operation: When updating particles, randomly change part of the particle's position to introduce diversity.

[0099] Dynamically adjust parameters: Dynamically adjust inertia weights and learning factors during the iteration process to make the algorithm more exploratory and developmental.

[0100] Restart mechanism: Set conditions to randomly restart some particles when the particle swarm does not improve significantly at a certain stage.

[0101] By adopting the particle swarm algorithm, the sequence and time allocation of construction processes can be effectively adjusted to minimize the total construction period of the foundation pit group, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0102] S104, converting the foundation pit group construction BIM model into a finite element model, and applying the shortest construction period obtained in step (3) to the finite element model, iterating multiple times until the safety requirements are met, and obtaining the best construction process and reasonable construction period.

[0103] (1) Convert the foundation pit construction BIM model into a finite element model.

[0104] Finite element modeling is a numerical method used to analyze and simulate the mechanical behavior and response of structures.

[0105] The geometry, material properties, and boundary conditions in the foundation pit group construction BIM model are used to construct the corresponding finite element mesh; each mesh unit represents a discrete area of ​​the building structure and contains the geometry and material property information of the area. Then, according to the parameters in the foundation pit group construction BIM model, these parameters are matched one by one with the corresponding parameters in the finite element model.

[0106] (2) applying the shortest construction period obtained in step S103 to the finite element model;

[0107] According to the construction procedures corresponding to the shortest construction period, the finite element model is used to numerically simulate the stress conditions of the foundation pit at different construction stages. By applying appropriate loads and boundary conditions, the foundation pit safety factor corresponding to each construction procedure is calculated to conduct a safety assessment.

[0108] The finite element software Midas GTS NX can simulate the soil settlement around the foundation pit, the uplift of the pit bottom, and the horizontal displacement of the supporting piles under different excavation sequences and support schemes of the foundation pit group structure, and study the influence of excavation sequence, excavation depth, support method and support timing, and the embedding depth of supporting piles on the stability of the foundation pit group, and obtain the foundation pit safety factor corresponding to various construction procedures.

[0109] (3) Through multiple iterations, the construction period and construction sequence are continuously adjusted until safety requirements are met, and the optimal construction process and reasonable construction period are obtained.

[0110] In this example, multiple iterations refer to the adjustment of the construction period and construction sequence and re-evaluation of safety through multiple iterations on the basis of safety assessment; safety assessment refers to the assessment of the bearing capacity, deformation, soil stability and other aspects of the foundation pit structure under different processes.

[0111] Specifically, numerical simulation is used to evaluate the structural safety and stability of the foundation pit at each construction stage, including bearing capacity, deformation and soil stability. Through multiple iterations, the construction period and construction sequence are continuously adjusted, and the safety assessment is re-performed. Through continuous optimization, the structural safety and stability of the foundation pit group is ensured during construction, and the best construction procedures and reasonable construction period are found to ensure the safety, efficiency and economy of the construction process.

[0112] Embodiment 2:

[0113] like Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention also provides an intelligent optimization device for foundation pit group construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis, including:

[0114] The construction plan data acquisition module 10 is used to acquire construction plan data.

[0115] The modeling module 20 is used to integrate and establish a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model based on the construction plan data.

[0116] The intelligent optimization module 30 is used to optimize the construction period based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model and adopt the particle swarm algorithm to obtain the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group.

[0117] The finite element analysis module 40 is used to convert the foundation pit group construction BIM model into a finite element model, and apply the shortest construction period obtained by the intelligent optimization module to the finite element model, iterate multiple times until the safety requirements are met, and obtain the best construction process and reasonable construction period.

[0118] The modeling module includes:

[0119] A data extraction module is used to obtain foundation pit group structure data and foundation pit group excavation construction data from the construction plan data; the foundation pit group structure data refers to the structural dimensions, geological conditions, support types, support dimensions and support material data of the foundation pit group; the foundation pit group excavation construction data refers to the excavation sequence and excavation depth data of the foundation pit group.

[0120] The foundation pit group structure modeling submodule is used to build a foundation pit group structure model corresponding to each foundation pit based on BIM according to the foundation pit group structure data and according to different earth excavation data.

[0121] The foundation pit group excavation modeling submodule is used to build a foundation pit group excavation model based on BIM according to the foundation pit group excavation construction data, the foundation pit excavation sequence and the excavation depth construction process.

[0122] The foundation pit group construction BIM modeling submodule is used to integrate and establish a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model based on the foundation pit group structure model and the foundation pit group excavation model.

[0123] Intelligent optimization modules include:

[0124] Parameter initialization module, used to set particle swarm optimization parameters.

[0125] The data acquisition module is used to extract the scheduling information of the foundation pit group construction period from the construction plan data, and obtain relevant time parameters based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model. The time parameters include the start time, duration, resource intensity, preceding work and following work of each construction process of each foundation pit, and analyze the preceding work and following work to obtain dependency.

[0126] The particle swarm algorithm module is used to run the particle swarm optimization algorithm and update the speed and position of the particles using the iterative formula of the particle swarm algorithm according to the objective function and constraints.

[0127] The result output module is used to output the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group.

[0128] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Intelligent optimization method for foundation pit construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Obtain construction plan data; (2) Integrate and establish a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model based on the construction plan data; (3) Based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model, a particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the construction period to obtain the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group; (4) Convert the foundation pit group construction BIM model into a finite element model, and apply the shortest construction period obtained in step (3) to the finite element model, iterate multiple times until the safety requirements are met, and obtain the best construction process and reasonable construction period.

2. The intelligent optimization method for foundation pit construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step (2) is specifically: (2.1) Obtaining foundation pit group structure data and foundation pit group excavation construction data from the construction plan data; the foundation pit group structure data refers to the structure size, geological conditions, support type, support size and support material data of the foundation pit group; the foundation pit group excavation construction data refers to the excavation sequence and excavation depth data of the foundation pit group; (2.2) constructing a foundation pit group structure model based on BIM according to the foundation pit group structure data; (2.3) Build a foundation pit group excavation model based on BIM according to the foundation pit group excavation construction data and the excavation depth construction process; (2.4) A complete foundation pit group construction BIM model is established based on the foundation pit group structure model and the foundation pit group excavation model.

3. The intelligent optimization method for foundation pit construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step (3) is specifically: (3.1) extracting the arrangement information of the construction period of the foundation pit group from the construction plan data, and obtaining relevant time parameters based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model; The time parameters include the start time, duration, resource intensity, preceding work and following work of each construction process of each foundation pit; (3.2) The particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the construction period, adjust the sequence and time allocation of each construction process, and obtain the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group.

4. The intelligent optimization method for foundation pit construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step (3.1) is specifically: The resource intensity, preceding work and following work of each construction process are obtained or calculated from the extracted arrangement information of the construction period of the foundation pit group; the preceding work is the process that must be completed before the process; the following work is the process that must be completed after the process; The start time and duration of each construction process are calculated through the foundation pit group construction BIM model.

5. The intelligent optimization method for foundation pit construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step (3.2) is specifically: (3.2.1) Analyze the preceding and succeeding tasks to obtain the dependency relationship between the processes; (3.2.2) Set the objective function and constraints to obtain the function of project completion time; The objective function and constraints are: min T Where: d represents resources, m represents the number of resources, t represents time, T represents the total construction period, i represents the process number, and n represents the number of processes; R d is the maximum supply of resource d; R i，d (t) is the total amount of d resources consumed by process i at time t; h is the process number in the immediate preceding work; T h D is the actual start time of the immediate predecessor process h of process i; h is the duration of process h; T i is the actual start time of process i; ES i is the earliest start time of process i; (3.2.3) Set the particle swarm optimization parameters, where each particle is a vector containing the order of the processes and the start time of each process. Run the particle swarm optimization algorithm, round it up to get the optimal start time of an integer, run it multiple times and count the results to get the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group.

6. The intelligent optimization method for foundation pit construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The particle swarm optimization parameters include the number of particles, inertia weight and acceleration constant.

7. The intelligent optimization method for foundation pit construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step (4) is specifically: (4.1) Converting the foundation pit group construction BIM model into a finite element model; According to the geometric shape, material properties, and boundary conditions in the foundation pit group construction BIM model, a corresponding finite element mesh is constructed; each mesh unit represents a discrete area of ​​the building structure and contains the geometric shape and material property information of the area; Then, according to the parameters in the foundation pit group construction BIM model, these parameters are matched one by one with the corresponding parameters in the finite element model; (4.2) applying the shortest construction period obtained in step (3) to the finite element model; According to the construction process corresponding to the shortest construction period, the finite element model is used to numerically simulate the stress conditions of the foundation pit at different construction stages, and by applying appropriate loads and boundary conditions, the safety factor of the foundation pit corresponding to each construction process is calculated to conduct a safety assessment; (4.3) Through multiple iterations, the construction period and construction sequence are continuously adjusted until the safety requirements are met and the optimal construction process and reasonable construction period are obtained.

8. Intelligent optimization device for foundation pit construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis, characterized in that: include: A construction plan data acquisition module is used to acquire construction plan data; A modeling module is used to integrate and establish a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model based on the construction plan data; Intelligent optimization module, which is used to optimize the construction period based on the BIM model of foundation pit group construction using particle swarm algorithm to obtain the shortest construction period of foundation pit group construction; The finite element analysis module is used to convert the foundation pit group construction BIM model into a finite element model, and apply the shortest construction period obtained by the intelligent optimization module to the finite element model, iterate multiple times until the safety requirements are met, and obtain the best construction process and reasonable construction period.

9. The intelligent optimization device for foundation pit construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The modeling module includes: A data extraction module is used to obtain foundation pit group structure data and foundation pit group excavation construction data from the construction plan data; the foundation pit group structure data refers to the structure size, geological conditions, support type, support size and support material data of the foundation pit group; the foundation pit group excavation construction data refers to the excavation sequence and excavation depth data of the foundation pit group; A foundation pit group structure modeling submodule is used to build a foundation pit group structure model corresponding to each foundation pit based on BIM according to the foundation pit group structure data and different earth excavation data; The foundation pit group excavation modeling submodule is used to build a foundation pit group excavation model based on BIM according to the foundation pit group excavation construction data, the foundation pit excavation sequence and excavation depth construction process; The foundation pit group construction BIM modeling submodule is used to integrate and establish a complete foundation pit group construction BIM model based on the foundation pit group structure model and the foundation pit group excavation model.

10. The intelligent optimization device for foundation pit construction scheme based on BIM and finite element analysis according to claim 8, characterized in that: The intelligent optimization module includes: Parameter initialization module, used to set particle swarm optimization parameters: A data acquisition module is used to extract the arrangement information of the construction period of the foundation pit group from the construction plan data, and obtain relevant time parameters based on the foundation pit group construction BIM model, wherein the time parameters include the start time, duration, resource intensity, preceding work and following work of each construction process of each foundation pit, and analyze the preceding work and following work to obtain dependency relationship; The particle swarm algorithm module is used to run the particle swarm optimization algorithm and update the speed and position of particles using the iterative formula of the particle swarm algorithm according to the objective function and constraints; The result output module is used to output the shortest construction period of the foundation pit group.

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