Method for endowing remote sensing image with accurate positioning coordinates

Abstract

The invention provides a method for endowing a remote sensing image with accurate positioning coordinates, and aims to solve the positioning problem of the remote sensing image when a coordinate net is lacked or coordinate projections are inconsistent and improve the application accuracy of the image in the fields of target monitoring, environment analysis and the like. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, downloading basic data of a required remote sensing image by using graph new earth software, and adjusting image resolution and pixels to meet analysis requirements; the method comprises the following steps: importing an image into Global Mapper software to carry out coordinate endowing, and selecting a proper Gaussian projection mode and a projection band to ensure that the image is accurately aligned with a coordinate net; and exporting the calibrated image, defining the projection of the image in ArcGIS software, and performing image finishing, including setting a coordinate system, creating a new grid, adding a map scale and a compass and the like. The finally output remote sensing image can be used for geographic positioning and analysis tasks. According to the method, the Global Mapper and the ArcGIS software are combined, so that the coordinates of the remote sensing image are accurately given, and the practicability and the accuracy of the image are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of remote sensing technology, and in particular to a method for giving precise positioning coordinates to a remote sensing image by using Global Mapper and ArcGIS software. Background Art

[0002] In the 21st century, remote sensing satellites are developing rapidly. With the development of earth observation technology, IT technology, and artificial intelligence, remote sensing images are being used more and more widely in many fields, playing a vital role in target monitoring, environmental analysis, terrain mapping, intelligence analysis, action effect evaluation, simulation, resource management, etc. Compared with traditional topographic maps, remote sensing photos are real-time, have a wide coverage, fast update speed, rich information, strong intuitiveness, strong adaptability, and dynamic monitoring. However, when using remote sensing photos, there will be no coordinate network (including geographic coordinate network and plane rectangular coordinate network), or the image coordinate projection is inconsistent, resulting in the inability to accurately locate the precise coordinates of objects or landforms in remote sensing photos.

[0003] The patent with application number CN202110666347.X discloses a method and device for matching terrain lines based on three-dimensional remote sensing images, the method comprising: obtaining a curve segment to be matched selected by a user in a depth map through a human-computer interaction interface to represent a terrain line; marking a terrain line reference curve segment corresponding to the curve segment to be matched on the three-dimensional remote sensing image based on the correspondence between the depth map and the DEM data of the three-dimensional remote sensing image; obtaining a terrain line matching curve segment corresponding to the terrain line reference curve segment selected by the user in the panoramic map through the human-computer interaction interface; matching the terrain line matching curve segment in the panoramic map with the curve segment to be matched in the depth map to obtain a coordinate mapping relationship between the panoramic map and the depth map. The present invention also discloses a method for locating a terrain target position based on a three-dimensional remote sensing image. The present invention can more intuitively find a terrain line corresponding to the terrain line to be matched in the depth map in the panoramic map, which is conducive to the precise positioning of the longitude and latitude of the terrain target position.

[0004] However, the above patented technology cannot accurately locate the precise coordinates of objects or landforms on the image. In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a new method to achieve coordinate assignment and conversion of remote sensing images by combining Global Mapper and ArcGIS software. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to remote sensing images to solve the problems raised in the above background technology:

[0006] (1) How to make remote sensing images real-time, have a wide coverage, and be updated quickly, and overcome the problem of inconsistent image coordinates.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to a remote sensing image comprises the following steps:

[0009] a) Data preparation:

[0010] Download basic data from Tuxin Earth, including images of regular rectangular or irregular polygonal areas, and adjust the resolution and pixels of the images as needed;

[0011] b) Image import:

[0012] Import the downloaded remote sensing image data into the Global Mapper software;

[0013] c) Geographic configuration of remote sensing images in Global Mapper:

[0014] Use Global Mapper to calibrate the image and assign coordinates, and use the configuration options in the toolbox to set the projection;

[0015] d) Image calibration:

[0016] Calibrate the remote sensing image to ensure that the image is accurately aligned with the coordinate grid and that the image is appropriately displaced by framing the coordinate grid;

[0017] e) Export processing:

[0018] Export remote sensing images with assigned coordinates;

[0019] f) Define remote sensing image projection in ArcGIS:

[0020] Add the image exported by Global Mapper to ArcGIS and define the ArcGIS projection;

[0021] g) Image finishing:

[0022] Perform image editing and mapping in ArcGIS, including setting coordinate systems, creating new grids, adding map scales and compasses;

[0023] h) Steps for using ArcMap software:

[0024] Steps to add data layers, define coordinates, register remote sensing photos, and output maps in ArcMap;

[0025] The final output remote sensing image can be used to measure geographic coordinates or plane rectangular coordinates, formulate corresponding tactics, and finally output the processed remote sensing image.

[0026] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0027] Furthermore, in step c), Global Mapper is used to perform image calibration and coordinate assignment, and Gaussian projection and six-degree zone division, as well as reference plane and plane units are selected.

[0028] Furthermore, the remote sensing image data downloaded in step b) is in tif format.

[0029] Furthermore, the step e) exports the remote sensing image with assigned coordinates into a tif format.

[0030] This method of assigning precise positioning coordinates to remote sensing images provides a detailed process for handling the coordinate assignment and conversion of remote sensing images, ensuring that the images can be used accurately in military and other fields. By combining the functions of GlobalMapper and ArcGIS software, the problem of inconsistent coordinates of remote sensing images can be effectively solved, improving the practicality and accuracy of images. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of using the New Earth software in the embodiment of the method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to remote sensing images.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of using the Global Mapper software in an embodiment of the method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to remote sensing images.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of using ArcGIS software in an embodiment of the method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to remote sensing images.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of using ArcMap software in an embodiment of the method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to a remote sensing image. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0036] The method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to a remote sensing image comprises the following steps:

[0037] a) Data preparation:

[0038] The software mainly used are Global Mapper24, ArcGIS10.5, Tuxin Earth 4 and ArcMap.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, basic data can be downloaded from New Earth, including images of regular rectangular or irregular polygonal areas, and the resolution and pixels of the images can be adjusted as needed. The data range and pixels can be adjusted to meet different analysis needs.

[0040] When downloading, you can adjust the data range and pixels as needed. The range can be a regular rectangle or an irregular polygon. The higher the pixel, the clearer the image, but the corresponding data volume is also larger. It is usually divided into 19 levels and can be adjusted according to the content of the analysis.

[0041] When downloading data, the higher the resolution, the more memory it occupies. Therefore, the image range and longitude can be adjusted according to map requirements. Compared with traditional topographic maps, it is more intuitive and convenient.

[0042] b) Image import:

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, import the downloaded remote sensing image data into the Global Mapper24 software. Remote sensing images usually use the tif format (data downloaded using Tuxin Earth usually have two data formats: tfw and tif. When importing into GlobalMapper, the tif format is usually used. You can also use other software to download the required images).

[0044] c) Geographic configuration of remote sensing images in Global Mapper:

[0045] Use Global Mapper to calibrate the image and assign coordinates, use the configuration options in the toolbox to set the projection, select Gauss Krueger projection and six-degree zone division, as well as the datum and plane units.

[0046] Specifically:

[0047] Use the configuration options in the toolbox of Global Mapper to set the projection. In order to ensure the accuracy of direction and angle and the length deformation does not exceed a certain limit, the projection method usually used is Gaussian projection, and the zone division is based on the six-degree zone. Select Gauss Krueger (6degree zones). The zone number is adjusted according to the selected area. For example, in the remote sensing image of Bengbu City, 117°11′E~117°31′, select Zone20 (114E~120E), which is the 20th projection zone.

[0048] For convenience and practicality, when assigning the coordinate grid, the datum of the remote sensing image is usually kept consistent with the datum of the current topographic map, and "XIAN1980 (CHINA)" is selected. The plane unit is based on the precise full coordinates of a point after Gaussian projection, and "METERS" is selected.

[0049] After the configuration is completed, the image will be displaced according to the frame of the coordinate grid, and the corresponding Gaussian plane rectangular coordinates and geographic coordinates will appear below, indicating that the remote sensing image data configuration is successful.

[0050] d) Image calibration:

[0051] The remote sensing image is calibrated to ensure that the image is accurately aligned with the coordinate grid and the image is appropriately displaced through the framing of the coordinate grid.

[0052] e) Export processing:

[0053] Use the Create Feature tool in the Global Mapper toolbar to select the required range in the form of points, lines, and surfaces. Generally, the selection is based on the actual combat intention and combat area. After the selection is completed, the selected area is exported. The image can only be exported after a name is given, and the exported format is tif.

[0054] f) Define remote sensing image projection in ArcGIS:

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, add the remote sensing image of Bengbu City exported by Global Mapper to ArcGIS 10.5. When adding, you need to connect the folders, open the data file, and define the projection as "CGCS200-GK-Zone-20".

[0056] First, convert the original projection of the remote sensing image, and then add the projection mode to the remote sensing image that does not have a projection. Select according to the area. Bengbu City is in the 20th projection zone in the 6° zone of the Gaussian projection, so "CGCS200-GK-Zone-20" is selected here. In this way, the remote sensing image is given a map projection.

[0057] g) Image finishing:

[0058] First, set the coordinate system. According to the defined projection, select "CGCS200-GK-Zone-20" in the projection coordinates. Then, create a new grid. When creating a grid, you can choose a square grid or a longitude and latitude grid. Take the longitude and latitude grid as an example. After selecting, you can adjust and modify it to make the map more beautiful and practical.

[0059] h) Steps for using ArcMap software:

[0060] Steps to add data layers, define coordinates, register remote sensing photos, and export maps in ArcMap. The importance of georeferencing in ArcMap to ensure accurate image location.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the specific steps for using ArcMap software are as follows:

[0062] ①Open ArcMap and enter the software operation interface.

[0063] ②Add data layer. Here we take remote sensing photos of Bengbu City as an example. Right-click to add data, select the folder where the file is located, and select the picture to be geographically configured. The pictures here are mainly in JPG, PNG, gif, and tif formats without geospatial data. Select the map to be imported and click OK. After the picture is imported, it will prompt to create a pyramid, in order to facilitate the faster display of images with different resolutions on the software. After the pyramid is created, it prompts us that we lack spatial data.

[0064] ③ The remote sensing photo is successfully imported into ArcMap, and the default display color is RGB. Right-click the layer to view the coordinate status, and we will find that its coordinate system is "Unknown" because there is no spatial reference.

[0065] ④ Define coordinates. First, we can use the "window" to search for map projections. Click Define Projection and you will see that the coordinate system of the remote sensing photos of Bengbu City is "Unknown". Click the spatial reference property on the right and select "GaussKruger-CGCS2000-GK-zone-20" in the projection coordinate system. The projection here is determined based on the 20th projection zone where Bengbu City is located in the six-degree band of Gauss projection. In this way, we have given the remote sensing photos a projection coordinate system.

[0066] ⑤At this time, when we open the layer properties, we will find that the layer here has been assigned projection coordinates.

[0067] ⑥Align the remote sensing photo. Although we have the projection coordinates, the overall position still needs to be adjusted accurately. Right-click the menu bar and click "Geographic Configuration". The geographical points will appear on the upper edge. Select the remote sensing photo we want to configure. Single machine configuration point, find the known point on the map and enter the XY value. Since the system defaults to the X axis for horizontal and the Y axis for vertical, enter the coordinates of the known point at the four corners of the spinous process according to the coordinates of a certain point.

[0068] ⑦ Output the map, create a new data frame, and you can see that the coordinates are already the ones we have configured. Create a new grid. Since we have chosen a projection coordinate system, we need to create a square grid. The square coordinate system here is the coordinate system we have configured. Apply it on a single machine and view the layout view. Adjust according to the required paper size and map scale. Finally, you can also adjust the resolution and file type format when outputting the map.

[0069] ⑧ Image output. Finally, add the map scale and compass according to the needs and export the map. The remote sensing image exported in ArcMap software is of JPEG type, and the resolution can be adjusted appropriately according to the needs of the map. You can measure the geographic coordinates or plane rectangular coordinates on the remote sensing image to formulate corresponding tactics according to the size of the town, road conditions and ground features.

[0070] The above is only one embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art may make several modifications and improvements without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these should also be regarded as falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to a remote sensing image, comprising the following steps: a) Data preparation: Download basic data from Tuxin Earth, including images of regular rectangular or irregular polygonal areas, and adjust the resolution and pixels of the images as needed; b) Image import: Import the downloaded remote sensing image data into the Global Mapper software; c) Geographic configuration of remote sensing images in Global Mapper: Use Global Mapper to calibrate the image and assign coordinates, and use the configuration options in the toolbox to set the projection; d) Image calibration: Calibrate the remote sensing image to ensure that the image is accurately aligned with the coordinate grid and that the image is appropriately displaced by framing the coordinate grid; e) Export processing: Export remote sensing images with assigned coordinates; f) Define remote sensing image projection in ArcGIS: Add the image exported by Global Mapper to ArcGIS and define the ArcGIS projection; g) Image finishing: Perform image editing and mapping in ArcGIS, including setting coordinate systems, creating new grids, adding map scales and compasses; h) Steps for using ArcMap software: Steps to add data layers, define coordinates, register remote sensing photos, and output maps in ArcMap; The final output remote sensing image can be used to measure geographic coordinates or plane rectangular coordinates, formulate corresponding tactics, and finally output the processed remote sensing image.

2. The method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to remote sensing images according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step c), Global Mapper is used to perform image calibration and coordinate assignment, and Gaussian projection and six-degree zone division, as well as reference plane and plane units are selected.

3. The method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to remote sensing images according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote sensing image data downloaded in step b) is in tif format.

4. The method for assigning precise positioning coordinates to remote sensing images according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step e) exports the remote sensing image with assigned coordinates into a tif format.

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