Nuclear radiation protection suit

Abstract

The invention discloses nuclear radiation protective clothing, and belongs to the technical field of protective clothing. The protective clothing is formed by spinning composite fibers, the composite fibers comprise metal fibers located at the core portion and modified polyester materials wrapping the metal fibers, the metal fibers can achieve effective shielding, and due to the fact that the metal fibers are processed into fiber filaments, the weight can be effectively reduced, and the bending activity can be effectively improved; the wearing convenience and comfort of the protective clothing are improved; in addition, the modified polyester material wrapping the surfaces of the metal fibers also has high skin-friendly moisture permeability, antistatic property, flexibility and heat retention property, and the wearing comfort, antistatic capacity and durability of the protective clothing can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of protective clothing, and in particular, relates to nuclear radiation protective clothing. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear science and technology have been widely used in defense, energy, industry, medicine and other fields, bringing huge economic and social benefits, but also increasing people's chances of being exposed to various radiation and threatened by it. Nuclear and radiation safety issues have become increasingly prominent and have attracted much attention. Radiation protection materials and equipment are the key to ensuring the safety of radiation site workers and the public, and are also an effective means to resolve nuclear accident crises. They are an important guarantee for military and civilian radiation safety protection and are in urgent need.

[0003] Although certain technologies and experience have been accumulated in traditional radiation protection materials, they still cannot meet the new needs of today's nuclear technology and nuclear power industry for safe and rapid development. Lead has been widely used in the field of nuclear radiation protection because of its good nuclear radiation protection effect and low cost. Lead plates, lead bricks, etc. are generally used as protective walls or nuclear facility bodies to provide fixed radiation protection and are not mobile. Lead screens, lead plates, lead glass, etc. can also be used in mobile protective bodies or places where temporary protection is required, but the risk of radiation leakage is high, the construction is difficult, the utilization rate is low, and the conformability is poor. Flexible protective screens and protective clothing, mainly made of lead powder rubber, have the advantages of strong mobility and detachability, and good airtightness, but have low protection efficiency (small linear attenuation coefficient), poor stability (the substrate is easy to age and the lead powder is easy to fall off), low reuse rate (after multiple folding and use, the crease is damaged), and high cost of use (to ensure the effectiveness of protection, frequent replacement is required). In addition, such protective clothing materials are also easily affected by static electricity, which poses a great safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a nuclear radiation protective clothing, which is made of composite fibers, and the composite fibers include metal fiber filaments in the core and modified polyester materials coated on the metal fiber filaments. The metal fiber filaments can not only achieve effective shielding, but also because they are processed into fiber filaments, they can effectively reduce weight and improve bending mobility, thereby improving the wearing convenience and comfort of the protective clothing; in addition, the modified polyester material coated on the surface of the metal fiber filaments also has high skin-friendly moisture permeability, antistatic properties, flexibility and warmth retention, which can effectively improve the wearing comfort, antistatic ability and wear durability of the protective clothing.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A nuclear radiation protective clothing is made of a special fabric woven from composite fibers, wherein the composite fibers include metal fiber filaments at the core and modified polyester material coated on the surface of the metal fiber filaments.

[0007] Furthermore, the metal fiber wire is any one of lead fiber wire, lead alloy fiber wire, tungsten alloy fiber wire or tantalum alloy fiber wire.

[0008] Furthermore, the modified polyester material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PET resin, 15-20 parts of nano-SiO2 aerogel, and 12-16 parts of modifier.

[0009] Furthermore, the nano-SiO2 aerogel is treated with a silane coupling agent KH550; specifically, the nano-SiO2 aerogel is ultrasonically dispersed in an ethanol aqueous solution (volume fraction 50%) according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10-15mL, and then the silane coupling agent KH550 is added, stirred for 2h, and filtered, washed, and dried to complete the treatment process.

[0010] Furthermore, the added amount of silane coupling agent KH550 is 35-45% of the mass of the nano-SiO2 aerogel.

[0011] Nano-SiO2 aerogel has the effects of lightness and heat preservation, and can improve the thermal insulation performance of protective clothing.

[0012] Furthermore, the modifier is prepared by the following steps:

[0013] S1. Mix 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid and acetonitrile in a flask, stir to dissolve, then add iodomethane, stir and react at room temperature for 4-5 hours. After the reaction is completed, remove acetonitrile and excess iodomethane by rotary evaporation to obtain an intermediate product;

[0014] The ratio of 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid to iodomethane is 0.1 mol:12.5-20 mL;

[0015] 3,5-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid and iodomethane undergo alkylation reaction to obtain an intermediate product. The process is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] S2, to a dry three-necked flask equipped with a stirring device, a condensing reflux device and a nitrogen conduit, add the intermediate product, triethylamine and acetonitrile, start stirring and pass nitrogen, continue to pass for 10-15min, then add aminopolyethylene glycol monomethyl ether and DIC (N, N-diisopropylcarbodiimide, dehydrating agent), after adding, stir and react at room temperature under N2 protection for 3-4h, after the reaction is completed, remove the solvent by rotary evaporation, and purify by column chromatography to obtain a modifier;

[0018] The ratio of the intermediate product, triethylamine, aminopolyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and DIC is 0.05 mol: 5.0 g: 0.05 mol: 6.3 g;

[0019] Under the action of triethylamine and DIC, the -COOH on the intermediate product molecule undergoes an amidation reaction with the -NH2 on the aminopolyethylene glycol monomethyl ether. By controlling the molar ratio of the two to 1:1, only one -COOH on the intermediate product molecule participates in the reaction to obtain a modifier. The process is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] The obtained modifier is a polyethylene glycol derivative, and the polyethylene glycol molecular long chain has good hydrophilicity and flexibility. Therefore, by adding the modifier to the polyester, the polyester material can be endowed with excellent hydrophilicity, and the composite fiber coated with the polyester material can endow the fabric with excellent air permeability, moisture permeability and skin affinity when it is made into a fabric, thereby improving the wearing comfort of the protective clothing, and due to the hydrophilicity of the modifier, a water molecule adsorption layer will be formed on the surface of the composite fiber, and the existence of the adsorption layer can also improve the antistatic performance of the composite fiber, thereby improving the antistatic property of the protective clothing; The good flexibility of the modifier allows its molecular chain to penetrate between the polyester macromolecular chains, which not only improves the binding force between the two, but also achieves a toughening effect on the polyester, so that the modified polyester material coated on the surface of the metal wire has good toughness and is not easy to break; in addition, the modifier molecule also contains N positive ions, which not only have antibacterial properties, but also as cations, can achieve antistatic properties from the charge aspect. Therefore, the modifier can also improve the antistatic properties of the composite fiber and give the polyester material a certain antibacterial property, thereby improving the antistatic and antibacterial properties of the protective clothing;

[0022] It should be noted that the modifier molecule also contains -COOH groups, which can easily react chemically with the -NH2 groups on its surface (introduced after treatment with the silane coupling agent KH550) when melt blended with the treated nano-SiO2 aerogel, thereby enhancing the interaction between the nano-SiO2 aerogel and the polyester matrix, allowing the nano-SiO2 aerogel to stably exist in the polyester material and play a corresponding role.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] The protective clothing of the present invention is spun from composite fibers, which include metal fiber filaments in the core and modified polyester materials coating the metal fiber filaments. The metal fiber filaments can not only achieve effective shielding, but also can effectively reduce weight and improve bending mobility due to being processed into fiber filaments, thereby improving the wearing convenience and comfort of the protective clothing. In addition, the modified polyester material coating the surface of the metal fiber filaments also has high skin-friendly moisture permeability, antistatic properties, flexibility and warmth retention, which can effectively improve the wearing comfort, antistatic ability and wear durability of the protective clothing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] Processing of nano-SiO2 aerogel:

[0028] 50 g of nano-SiO2 aerogel was ultrasonically dispersed in 600 mL of ethanol aqueous solution (volume fraction 50%), and then 20 g of silane coupling agent KH550 was added, and stirring was continued for 2 h. After filtration, washing and drying, the treatment process was completed.

[0029] Embodiment 2

[0030] Preparation of modifier:

[0031] S1. Mix 0.1 mol of 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid with 100 mL of acetonitrile in a flask, stir to dissolve, then add 12.5 mL of iodomethane, stir and react at room temperature for 4 h. After the reaction is completed, remove the acetonitrile and excess iodomethane by rotary evaporation to obtain an intermediate product;

[0032] S2. Add 0.05 mol of the intermediate product, 5.0 g of triethylamine and 150 mL of acetonitrile to a dry three-necked flask equipped with a stirring device, a condensing reflux device and a nitrogen conduit, start stirring and introduce nitrogen, and continue to introduce nitrogen for 10 minutes. Then add 0.05 mol of aminopolyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (molecular weight 5000) and 6.3 g of DIC (N,N-diisopropylcarbodiimide, dehydrating agent). After the addition is complete, stir the reaction at room temperature under N2 protection for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, remove the solvent by rotary evaporation, and purify by column chromatography to obtain the modifier.

[0033] Embodiment 3

[0034] Preparation of modifier:

[0035] S1. Mix 0.1 mol of 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid with 100 mL of acetonitrile in a flask, stir to dissolve, then add 20 mL of iodomethane, stir and react at room temperature for 5 h. After the reaction is completed, remove the acetonitrile and excess iodomethane by rotary evaporation to obtain an intermediate product;

[0036] S2. Add 0.05 mol of the intermediate product, 5.0 g of triethylamine and 150 mL of acetonitrile to a dry three-necked flask equipped with a stirring device, a condensing reflux device and a nitrogen conduit. Start stirring and introduce nitrogen. After continuing for 15 minutes, add 0.05 mol of aminopolyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (molecular weight 5000) and 6.3 g of DIC (N,N-diisopropylcarbodiimide, dehydrating agent). After the addition is complete, stir the reaction at room temperature under N2 protection for 4 hours. After the reaction is completed, remove the solvent by rotary evaporation and purify by column chromatography to obtain the modifier.

[0037] Embodiment 4

[0038] 100 g of PET resin, 15 g of nano-SiO2 aerogel treated in Example 1, and 12 g of the modifier prepared in Example 2 were melt-blended and coated on the surface of lead fiber filaments (diameter 0.3 mm) to form composite fibers, which were then woven into fabrics and cut and sewn into protective clothing.

[0039] Embodiment 5

[0040] 100 g of PET resin, 18 g of nano-SiO2 aerogel treated in Example 1, and 14 g of the modifier prepared in Example 3 were melt-blended and coated on the surface of lead alloy fiber (diameter 0.3 mm) to form composite fibers, which were then woven into fabrics and cut and sewn into protective clothing.

[0041] Embodiment 6

[0042] 100 g of PET resin, 20 g of nano-SiO2 aerogel treated in Example 1, and 16 g of the modifier prepared in Example 2 were melt-blended and coated on the surface of tungsten alloy fiber (diameter 0.3 mm) to form composite fibers, which were then woven into fabrics and cut and sewn into protective clothing.

[0043] Comparative Example 1

[0044] The modifier in Example 4 was replaced with PET resin of equal mass, and the other raw materials and preparation process remained unchanged to obtain fabrics and protective clothing.

[0045] Comparative Example 2

[0046] The nano-SiO2 aerogel in Example 4 was replaced with common nano-SiO2 aerogel that had not undergone any treatment process, and the other raw materials and preparation process remained unchanged to obtain fabrics and protective clothing.

[0047] The fabrics obtained in Examples 4 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were subjected to the following performance tests:

[0048] The radiation protection performance of the fabric was tested on a NaI spectrometer. The radiation source was Cs-137. Four layers of fabric were stacked at a cross angle of 60° to determine the radiation protection ratio.

[0049] The moisture permeability was measured according to ASTM-E96-BW-1995 at 25°C and 50% relative humidity;

[0050] Test the antibacterial value according to GB / T 39104.2-2020;

[0051] Test surface resistivity according to GB / T 24249-2009;

[0052] The measured results are shown in the following table:

[0053]

[0054] It can be seen from the data in the above table that the protective clothing fabric obtained by the present invention has good radiation protection performance, skin-friendly moisture permeability, antibacterial performance and antistatic performance; combined with the data of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, it can be seen that the addition of the modifier can not only significantly improve various performances, but also interact with the treated nano-SiO2 aerogel.

[0055] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nuclear radiation protective clothing, made of a special fabric woven from composite fibers, characterized in that: The composite fiber comprises metal fiber filaments at the core and modified polyester material coated on the surface of the metal fiber filaments.

2. The nuclear radiation protective clothing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal fiber wire is any one of lead fiber wire, lead alloy fiber wire, tungsten alloy fiber wire or tantalum alloy fiber wire.

3. The nuclear radiation protective clothing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified polyester material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PET resin, 15-20 parts of nano-SiO2 aerogel, and 12-16 parts of a modifier.

4. The nuclear radiation protective clothing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nano-SiO2 aerogel is treated with silane coupling agent KH550.

5. The nuclear radiation protective clothing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific treatment process is as follows: the nano-SiO2 aerogel is ultrasonically dispersed in an ethanol aqueous solution according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10-15mL, and then the silane coupling agent KH550 is added, and stirring is continued for 2h. After filtration, washing and drying, the treatment process is completed.

6. The nuclear radiation protective clothing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The volume fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 50%; the added amount of the silane coupling agent KH550 is 35-45% of the mass of the nano-SiO2 aerogel.

7. The nuclear radiation protective clothing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The modifier is prepared by the following steps: S1. Mix 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid and acetonitrile in a flask, stir to dissolve, then add iodomethane, stir and react at room temperature for 4-5 hours. After the reaction is completed, remove acetonitrile and excess iodomethane by rotary evaporation to obtain an intermediate product; S2. Add the intermediate product, triethylamine and acetonitrile to a dry three-necked flask equipped with a stirring device, a condensing reflux device and a nitrogen conduit, start stirring and pass nitrogen, and continue passing for 10-15 minutes, then add aminopolyethylene glycol monomethyl ether and DIC. After the addition, stir the reaction at room temperature under N2 protection for 3-4 hours. After the reaction is completed, remove the solvent by rotary evaporation, and purify by column chromatography to obtain a modifier.

8. The nuclear radiation protective clothing according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the ratio of 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid to iodomethane is 0.1 mol:12.5-20 mL.

9. The nuclear radiation protective clothing according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, the ratio of the intermediate product, triethylamine, aminopolyethylene glycol monomethyl ether and DIC is 0.05 mol:5.0 g:0.05 mol:6.3 g.

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