Charging and discharging system and electronic equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a charging and discharging system and electronic equipment. The charging and discharging system comprises an energy storage device; the universal serial bus port is suitable for being coupled to equipment to be charged or equipment to be discharged, and the charging input voltage and the discharging output voltage of the energy storage device are both higher than the voltage at the universal serial bus port; the switching circuit is configured to reduce the discharge output voltage of the energy storage device into the charging input voltage of the to-be-charged equipment or boost the discharge output voltage of the to-be-discharged equipment into the charging input voltage of the energy storage device, and the switching circuit comprises a switching bridge arm and an inductor; the switch arm is coupled to the energy storage device and includes an upper arm switch and a lower arm switch, and the inductor is coupled to the switch arm at a first end thereof and coupled to the universal serial bus port at a second end thereof without being coupled by the other switch arm. According to the embodiment of the invention, the size of a charging and discharging system or a chip can be reduced, the system structure and the control complexity are simplified, and the overall cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to charging and discharging technology and power electronics technology, and more particularly, to a charging and discharging system and an electronic device including the charging and discharging system. Background Art

[0002] A large number of portable devices or movable devices use batteries as their power supply. For example, handheld power tools such as vacuum cleaners and fascia guns all use rechargeable batteries to power the circuits and drive motors in the tools to achieve corresponding functions. After the batteries in these devices are exhausted, they need to be charged by an external power source or external device.

[0003] In some cases, the battery in a portable device or removable device can also be used as a power source to charge or power other devices, so that the device itself can also be used as a mobile power source. Currently, there are many problems with the charging and discharging circuits or systems that implement both charging and discharging functions in these devices, such as large size, complex control, and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to at least partially solve the above and other possible problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a charging and discharging system and an electronic device including the charging and discharging system.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a charging and discharging system is provided, comprising: an energy storage device; a universal serial bus port, adapted to be coupled to a device to be charged or a device to be discharged, wherein both a charging input voltage and a discharging output voltage of the energy storage device are higher than a voltage at the universal serial bus port; and a switching circuit, configured to step down the discharging output voltage of the energy storage device to a charging input voltage of the device to be charged, or to step up the discharging output voltage of the device to be discharged to a charging input voltage of the energy storage device, and the switching circuit comprises: a switch arm, coupled to the energy storage device, and comprising an upper arm switch and a lower arm switch; and an inductor, coupled to the switch arm at a first end thereof, and coupled to the universal serial bus port at a second end thereof.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the charging and discharging system also includes: a charging and discharging detection component, coupled to the universal serial bus port, and configured to detect whether the device to be charged or the device to be discharged is coupled to the universal serial bus port, wherein the switching circuit is also configured to perform a voltage reduction operation from the energy storage device to the device to be charged based on the charging and discharging detection component detecting that the device to be charged is coupled to the universal serial bus port, or to perform a voltage increase operation from the device to be discharged to the energy storage device based on the charging and discharging detection component detecting that the device to be discharged is coupled to the universal serial bus port.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the charge and discharge detection component is further configured to stop detection after detecting that the device to be charged or the device to be discharged is coupled to the universal serial bus port, and resume detection after the device to be charged or the device to be discharged is decoupled from the universal serial bus port.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the universal serial bus port includes a type-C port, and the charge and discharge detection component is coupled to a CC terminal of the type-C port.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the charging and discharging system further includes: a current detection component coupled between the inductor and the universal serial bus port and configured to detect current flowing through the universal serial bus port, wherein the switching circuit is configured to operate based on a current detection result of the current detection component.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the current detection component includes at least one of a resistor and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the current detection component is coupled to the VBUS terminal of the type-C port.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the switch circuit further includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first capacitor being coupled between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage device, and the second capacitor being coupled between the second end of the inductor and the negative electrode of the energy storage device.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the charging and discharging system also includes: a controller, coupled to the switching circuit, and configured to control the connection and disconnection of the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch so that the switching circuit performs a step-down operation from the energy storage device to the device to be charged or performs a step-up operation from the device to be discharged to the energy storage device.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, which includes the charging and discharging system according to the second aspect.

[0015] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 1A schematic circuit diagram of a charging and discharging system using a single interface is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic circuit diagram of an electronic device, a device to be charged, and a device to be discharged according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic circuit diagram of a charging and discharging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic circuit diagram of a charging and discharging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic circuit diagram of a charging and discharging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic waveform diagram of current flowing through an upper bridge arm switch, a lower bridge arm switch and an inductor when an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is discharged is shown.

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic waveform diagram of current flowing through an upper bridge arm switch, a lower bridge arm switch, and an inductor when charging an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic waveform diagrams of charging current and charging voltage of an energy storage device during charging according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art can obtain alternative technical solutions from the following description without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0026] As used herein, the term "including" and its variations mean open inclusion, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless otherwise stated, the term "or" means "and / or". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "an example" and "an embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". Other explicit and implicit definitions may also be included below.

[0027] As mentioned above, in some electronic devices, it is expected to provide both charging and discharging functions for the battery inside the device. In some products, a dual-interface design is used to achieve the charging and discharging functions, where one interface is used for charging and the other interface is used for discharging, such as using a type-A universal serial bus (USB) interface to achieve external discharge of the battery, and using a type-C USB interface to charge the battery. The dual-interface power chip design has a lower degree of freedom, and it adds a pin when the chip pins are limited, thereby increasing the size and cost of the chip. In order to minimize the pin and volume occupation, a single-interface design can be adopted, that is, the USB interface is used to charge the battery when the device battery is low, and the same interface is used to power other devices when the device battery is sufficient.

[0028] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a charging and discharging system 100 ′ using a single interface. Figure 1 As shown, the charging and discharging system 100' includes a battery 110', a USB port 120', a switching circuit 130' and a system switch 140'. The switching circuit 130' adopts an H-bridge structure and includes at least two switch bridge arms and an inductor located between the two switch bridge arms, and each bridge arm includes at least two switches. The switch bridge arm refers to a circuit structure located between the positive and negative poles of a power supply or between the power supply potential and the ground potential and having an upper bridge arm switch and a lower bridge arm switch. The switching circuit 130' of the H-bridge structure can operate in a buck-boost mode and control the charging or discharging of the battery by changing the switch state. For example, when the external power source charges the battery 110' via the USB port 120', the system switch 140' is closed, and the upper bridge arm switch of the right bridge arm (the bridge arm adjacent to the USB port 120') of the H-bridge structure is closed and the lower bridge arm switch is disconnected, and by controlling the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch of the left bridge arm (the bridge arm adjacent to the battery 110') of the H-bridge structure, boost charging from the external power source to the battery 110' can be achieved. For example, when the battery 110' supplies power or discharges to the outside, the system switch 140' is closed, and the upper bridge arm switch of the right bridge arm of the H-bridge structure is closed and the lower bridge arm switch is disconnected, and by controlling the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch of the left bridge arm of the H-bridge structure, step-down power supply or discharge from the battery 110' to the external load can be achieved.

[0029] In the charging and discharging system 100', due to the adoption of the H-bridge structure, at least four power switches need to be controlled separately to realize the charging and discharging functions, so at least four groups of driving signals and driving circuits capable of driving the power switches are required. In addition, the system switch 140' of the charging and discharging system 100' is also provided with at least two switching devices, so corresponding control signals and circuits with driving capabilities are also required. It can be seen that the charging and discharging system 100' requires a large number of active devices such as various power switches, and at least six groups of driving circuits or control circuits are also required, which results in occupying too large a chip area and making the volume of the power chip larger, and causing the control of the system to be complex, thereby making the system cost higher. In addition, during the charging or discharging process of the battery 110', when the input and output voltages of the switch circuit 130' of the H-bridge structure are close to or equal, that is, when the voltage of the battery 110' and the voltage of the USB port 120' are close to or equal, the switch circuit 130' may repeatedly switch between the charging mode and the discharging mode, thereby affecting the charging or discharging process.

[0030] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide an improved charging and discharging scheme. In the improved scheme, the charging input voltage and the discharging output voltage of the energy storage device are ensured to be higher than the voltage at the USB port, and the switching circuit adopts a circuit structure of a single switch bridge arm. In this way, a single USB port can be used to realize the charging and discharging functions for the energy storage device, and the active devices and the associated driving or control circuits can be effectively reduced, so that the volume of the power chip can be reduced, the circuit structure can be simplified, and the cost can be reduced. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the recognition of the charging and discharging functions and the plug-in and unplugging status of the USB port can also be realized, which can avoid reverse charging and discharging and realize the protection of the device. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the discharge mode or the charging mode can be locked accordingly after the device to be charged or the device to be discharged is coupled to the USB port, thereby avoiding the system from repeatedly switching between the charging and discharging modes.

[0031] Figure 2A schematic circuit diagram of an electronic device 10, a device to be charged 20, and a device to be discharged 30 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As an example, the electronic device 10 may be a removable device or a portable device, including but not limited to power tools, mobile phones, laptops, tablet computers, power banks, etc. However, the electronic device 10 may also be a non-portable device, which is not limited by the present disclosure. The electronic device 10 may include a charging and discharging system 100, which includes an energy storage device 110, a USB port 120, and a switching circuit 130. The energy storage device 110 of the charging and discharging system 100 may be used as a power supply for an internal circuit or a load of the electronic device 10. The device to be charged 20 may be a portable device or a non-portable device similar to the electronic device 10, and may include a USB port 21 and an energy storage device or a load 22. The USB port 21 of the device to be charged 20 may be coupled to or decoupled from the USB port 120 of the electronic device 10, for example, in a plug-in manner. When the USB port 21 of the device to be charged 20 is coupled to the USB port 120 of the electronic device 10, the energy storage device 110 of the electronic device 10 can charge or supply power to the energy storage device or load 22 of the device to be charged 20 via the switch circuit 130, the USB port 120, and the USB port 21. The device to be discharged 30 can be a portable device or a non-portable device similar to the electronic device 10, and can include a USB port 31 and an energy storage device or power supply 32. The USB port 31 of the device to be discharged 30 can be coupled to or decoupled from the USB port 120 of the electronic device 10, for example, in a plug-in manner. When the USB port 31 of the device to be discharged 30 is coupled to the USB port 120 of the electronic device 10, the energy storage device or power supply 32 of the device to be charged 20 can charge the energy storage device 110 via the USB port 31, the USB port 120, and the switch circuit 130.

[0032] Figure 3 FIG. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a charging and discharging system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3As shown, the charging and discharging system 100 includes an energy storage device 110 and a USB port 120, the USB port 120 is suitable for coupling to a device to be charged 20 or a device to be discharged 30, and the charging input voltage and the discharging output voltage of the energy storage device 110 are both higher than the voltage at the USB port 120. As an example, the energy storage device 110 can be a rechargeable battery pack including multiple batteries, and the USB port 120 can be a type-C port. For example, the full charge voltage of a single battery is 4.2V, and a single battery cannot supply power when its voltage is lower than 2.75V. Therefore, if two or more batteries are used, the full charge voltage of the energy storage device 110 is greater than or equal to 8.4V, and the minimum supply voltage is not less than 5.5V. In addition, the voltage at the VBUS terminal of the type-C port is usually 3.3V or 4.5-5.5V, that is, the VBUS terminal of the type-C port can be connected to the device to be discharged 30 with a power supply voltage of 3.3V or 4.5-5.5V or supply power to the device to be charged 20 at 3.3V or 4.5-5.5V. It can be seen that as long as the rechargeable battery pack as the energy storage device 110 includes no less than two batteries, it can be ensured that the charging input voltage and the discharging output voltage of the energy storage device 110 are both higher than the voltage at the USB port 120. In this way, it can be ensured that when charging the energy storage device 110, it is only necessary to boost the voltage from the USB port 120 to the energy storage device 110, and when discharging the energy storage device 110 to the USB port 120, it is only necessary to step down the voltage from the energy storage device 110 to the USB port 120, so that the charging and discharging system 100 operates in a fixed voltage conversion mode when charging or discharging.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the charging and discharging system 100 further includes a switching circuit 130, which steps down the discharge output voltage of the energy storage device 110 to the charging input voltage of the device to be charged 20, or steps up the discharge output voltage of the device to be discharged 30 to the charging input voltage of the energy storage device 110. The switching circuit 130 includes a switch bridge arm 131 and an inductor L. The switch bridge arm 131 is coupled to the energy storage device 110 and includes an upper bridge arm switch S1 and a lower bridge arm switch S2. The inductor L is coupled to the switch bridge arm 131 at its first end, and is coupled to the USB port 120 at its second end.

[0034] As an example, the switch arm 131 can be coupled between the positive and negative electrodes of the energy storage device 110 or between the power supply potential and the ground potential, the node between the upper arm switch S1 and the lower arm switch S2 is coupled to the first end of the inductor L, and in the case where the USB port is a type-C port, the second end of the inductor L can be coupled to the VBUS terminal of the type-C port. The upper arm switch S1 and the lower arm switch S2 can be power switching devices such as N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET) or P-type MOSFETs. When the energy storage device 110 is charged, the switch arm 131 and the inductor L form a boost circuit, wherein, for example, a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal can be used to control the arm switch in the switch arm 131, so that the lower arm switch S2 is alternately turned on and off to charge and discharge the inductor L, and the upper arm switch S1 is operated as a diode, so that the voltage at the USB port 120 is boosted and transmitted to the energy storage device 110. When the energy storage device 110 is discharged to the outside, the switch arm 130 and the inductor L form a buck circuit, wherein, for example, a PWM signal can be used to control the arm switch in the switch arm 131, so that the upper arm switch S1 is alternately turned on and off to charge and discharge the inductor L, and the lower arm switch S2 is operated as a diode, so that the voltage at the energy storage device 110 is bucked and transmitted to the USB port 120. In some embodiments, the switch circuit 130 of the charge and discharge system 100 further includes a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, the first capacitor C1 is coupled between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage device 110, and the second capacitor C2 is coupled between the second end of the inductor L and the negative electrode of the energy storage device 110. The capacitors C1 and C2 help stabilize the voltage and suppress ripples on both sides of the switch circuit 130, thereby achieving stable and high-quality power input and output on the energy storage device 110 side and the USB port 120 side.

[0035] In this way, the switch circuit 130 includes only one switch bridge arm, and the second end of the inductor L is not coupled to the USB port 120 via other switch bridge arms. Figure 1In the H-bridge structure, the switch circuit 130 removes the switch bridge arm between the inductor L and the USB port 120, and only a single switch bridge arm is needed to complete the charging and discharging function in the case of a single USB port. As a result, active devices such as power switches and associated peripheral circuits, such as drive or control circuits and related passive devices, can be minimized while achieving single-port charging and discharging (which helps reduce the number of interfaces and facilitates PCB layout), thereby helping to reduce the volume and cost of power chips and systems.

[0036] Figure 4 FIG. 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a charging and discharging system 100 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 The charging and discharging system 100, Figure 4 The charging and discharging system 100 in the embodiment also includes a charging and discharging detection component 150, which is coupled to the USB port 120 and is used to detect whether the device to be charged 20 or the device to be discharged 30 is coupled to the USB port 120. The switch circuit 130 performs a voltage reduction operation from the energy storage device 110 to the device to be charged 20 based on the detection by the charging and discharging detection component 150 that the device to be charged 20 is coupled to the universal serial bus port 120, or performs a voltage increase operation from the device to be discharged 30 to the energy storage device 110 based on the detection by the charging and discharging detection component 150 that the device to be discharged 30 is coupled to the universal serial bus port 120. In one example, the charging and discharging detection component 150 may also be referred to as a dual role port (DRP) module, which may determine whether a device is inserted into the USB port and whether the inserted device is a device to be charged or a device to be discharged based on a signal at a terminal of the USB port. The detection result of the charge and discharge detection component 150 can be provided to the controller or control circuit for controlling the switch circuit 130, so as to control the upper arm switch S1 and the lower arm switch S2 of the switch bridge arm 131 based on the detection result, so that the switch circuit 130 operates in BOOST mode or BUCK mode. During the period when no device is inserted, the charge and discharge detection component 150 can identify that the port is in a suspended state and maintain it in a detection state, so that the charge and discharge system 100 can operate in an energy-saving mode to shut down circuits that may consume power or operate at the lowest power consumption, thereby reducing the power consumption of the energy storage device 110. In this way, adaptive charging and discharging can be effectively achieved in a single port.

[0037] In some embodiments, the USB port 120 is a type-C port, and the charge-discharge detection component 150 is coupled to the CC terminal of the type-C port. As an example, a pull-down resistor may be provided on the CC terminal of the type-C port of the device to be charged 20, and a pull-up resistor may be provided on the CC terminal of the type-C port of the device to be discharged 30. Thus, the charge-discharge detection component 150 can monitor or detect the resistance on the CC terminal of the USB port 120 to determine whether the USB port 21 of the device to be charged 20 is inserted into the USB port 120, or the USB port 31 of the device to be discharged 30 is inserted into the USB port 120.

[0038] In some embodiments, the charge and discharge detection component 150 stops detection after detecting that the device to be charged 20 or the device to be discharged 30 is coupled to the universal serial bus port 120, and resumes detection after the device to be charged 20 or the device to be discharged 30 is decoupled from the universal serial bus port 120. For example, after the USB port 31 of the device to be discharged 30 is inserted into the USB port 120, the charge and discharge detection component 150 detects that the device to be discharged 30 is coupled to the USB port 120, and based on this, the switch circuit 130 operates in the BUCK mode, and then the charge and discharge detection component 150 will no longer continue to detect, and resume detection after the USB port 31 of the device to be discharged 30 is unplugged from the USB port 120, so that the operation mode of the switch circuit 130 will be maintained in the BUCK mode during this period and may only change after other devices are subsequently inserted and re-detected. In other words, after the charge and discharge detection component 150 detects that the device is inserted and determines the BOOST mode or the BUCK mode, the switch circuit 130 can be locked in the determined BOOST mode or the BUCK mode without repeatedly switching between the two modes, which effectively improves the charge and discharge process of the single-port charge and discharge system.

[0039] In some cases, the power of the energy storage device 110 may have been exhausted and has no power supply capability, and there is no device plugged into the USB port 120 or there is a device plugged in but it is not capable of power supply. At this time, once the USB port 120 is connected to a device with charging capability, the energy storage device 110 can be powered first, that is, whether the device to be charged 20 or the device to be discharged 30 is coupled to the USB port 120, as long as the coupled device has charging capability, the energy storage device 110 will be charged first, and the charge and discharge detection component 150 in the power shortage condition is not maintained in the detection state. After the charging is completed or the energy storage device 110 has power supply capability (for example, a single battery cell recovers to above 2.75V), the charge and discharge system 100 will return to the charge and discharge mode, and the charge and discharge detection component 150 will recover and maintain the normal detection state.

[0040] Figure 4 The charging and discharging system 100 in the embodiment may further include a current detection component 160. The current detection component 160 is coupled between the inductor L and the universal serial bus port 120, and is used to detect the current flowing through the USB port 120. The switch circuit 130 operates based on the current detection result of the current detection component 160. As an example, the current detection component 160 may pass the charging current to the switch circuit 130 or pass the discharging current to the USB port 120, and detect the charging current or the discharging current in real time to help effectively control the operation of the switch circuit 130. In the case where the USB port 120 is a type-C port, the current detection component 160 may be coupled between the inductor L and the VBUS terminal of the type-C port. In one embodiment, due to the different current directions in the charging and discharging states, the current detection component 160 may switch the direction of the current detection based on the charging and discharging state detected by the charge and discharge detection component 150, thereby providing accurate current detection information to the controller or control circuit that controls the operation of the switch circuit 130.

[0041] In some embodiments, the current detection component 160 may include a resistor. The magnitude of the current flowing through the resistor can be obtained by sensing the voltage across the resistor. Alternatively, the current detection component 160 may also include other low-resistance devices capable of realizing current detection, without being limited to the resistor. In another embodiment, the current detection component 160 may include a MOSFET, such as an N-type MOSFET or a P-type MOSFET. The MOSFET itself has a low-resistance characteristic, so the magnitude of the current can be determined by sensing the voltage across the MOSFET. The current detection component 160 uses a MOSFET, which has an additional advantage, that is, the MOSFET as a controllable switching device can also cut off the line under abnormal conditions (such as over-temperature, over-voltage, short circuit and other abnormal working conditions), thereby ensuring the safety of the system and equipment, which improves the safety of the system charging and discharging. In addition, the current detection component 160 may also include a combination of a low-resistance device and a power switch, such as a combination of a resistor and a MOSFET. Thus, a low-resistance device can be used to detect the current, and a power switch can be used to achieve safety protection.

[0042] Figure 5 FIG. 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a charging and discharging system 100 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 The charging and discharging system 100, Figure 5The charging and discharging system 100 in the embodiment also includes a controller 170. The controller 170 is coupled to the switching circuit 130 and is configured to control the on and off of the upper arm switch S1 and the lower arm switch S2 so that the switching circuit 130 performs a step-down operation from the energy storage device 110 to the device to be charged 20 or performs a step-up operation from the device to be discharged 30 to the energy storage device 110. In other words, the controller 170 for controlling the switching circuit 130 can be provided in the charging and discharging system 100 and can be implemented in a variety of ways. For example, the controller 170 can be implemented in the form of a microcontroller with computing and processing capabilities, in the form of an analog circuit and / or a digital circuit, or in a combination of the above multiple forms. The controller 170 can receive signals from the charge and discharge detection component 150 and the current detection component 160 for implementing control of the switching circuit 130 so as to operate in an appropriate mode, such as a BOOST mode or a BUCK mode. It can be understood that some electronic devices are internally provided with a microcontroller such as a digital signal processor (DSP) to implement the calculations and processing corresponding to the functions of the electronic device. Therefore, in this case, the processing operations required for charge and discharge control can also be implemented by the control or processing device of the electronic device 10 without setting up a dedicated controller 170, or the processing operations required for charge and discharge control can be implemented by the controller 170 and the control or processing device of the electronic device 10 together.

[0043] Figure 6 A schematic waveform diagram of the current flowing through the upper arm switch S1, the lower arm switch S2 and the inductor L when the energy storage device 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is discharged is shown. After the device 20 to be charged is inserted into the USB port 120 of the charging and discharging system 100, the charging and discharging detection component 150 detects the insertion of the device 20 to be charged, and the controller 170 of the charging and discharging system 100 causes the switching circuit 130 to enter the BUCK mode and starts the current detection component 160 (for example, when a power switch is provided in the current detection component, the power switch is closed and current detection is started). In the period from t1 to t2, the upper arm switch S1 is turned on and the lower arm switch S2 is turned off, so that the energy storage device 110 charges the inductor L and supplies power to the USB port 120. The current I flowing through the upper arm switch S1 S1 And the current I flowing through the inductor L L increases, and the current I S1 With current I L During the period from t2 to t3, the upper arm switch S1 is turned off and the lower arm switch S2 is turned on (or the lower arm switch S2 forms a path through its anti-parallel diode), so that the inductor current I LThe current I flowing through the lower bridge arm switch S2 (or its anti-parallel diode) is then continued to flow and power the USB port 120. S2 And the current I flowing through the inductor L L decreases, and the current I S2 With current I L Therefore, the period from t1 to t3 forms a discharge cycle, and the period from t3 to t5 is similar to the period from t1 to t3, so it will not be described again.

[0044] Figure 7 FIG. 2 shows a schematic waveform diagram of the current flowing through the upper arm switch S1, the lower arm switch S2 and the inductor L when charging the energy storage device 110 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 As shown, after the device 30 to be discharged is inserted into the USB port 120 of the charging and discharging system 100, the charging and discharging detection component 150 detects the insertion of the device 30 to be discharged, and the controller 170 of the charging and discharging system 100 enables the switch circuit 130 to perform the BOOST mode and starts the current detection component 160 (for example, when a power switch is provided in the current detection component, the power switch is closed and the current detection is started). During the period from t1 to t2, the lower arm switch S2 is turned on and the upper arm switch S1 is turned off, so that the device 30 to be discharged charges the inductor L via the USB port 120, and a current loop is formed via the lower arm switch S2. The current I flowing through the lower arm switch S2 is S2 And the current I flowing through the inductor L L increases, and the current I S2 With current I L During the period from t2 to t3, the lower arm switch S2 is turned off and the upper arm switch S1 is turned on (or the upper arm switch S1 forms a path through its anti-parallel diode), thereby the inductor current I of the device 30 to be discharged and the inductor L L The current I flowing through the upper bridge arm switch S1 (or its anti-parallel diode) is continuously flowing and supplies power to the energy storage device 110. S1 And the current I flowing through the inductor L L decreases, and the current I S1 With current I L Therefore, the period from t1 to t3 forms a charging cycle, and the period from t3 to t5 is similar to the period from t1 to t3, so it will not be described again.

[0045] Figure 8A schematic waveform diagram of the charging current IBAT and the charging voltage VBAT of the energy storage device 110 during the charging process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As an example, the energy storage device 110 is a rechargeable battery pack. In the initial stage T1, the rechargeable battery pack is in a power-deficient state (i.e., the battery power is exhausted or nearly exhausted), and the device to be discharged 30 charges the rechargeable battery pack via the USB port 120. When the charging voltage VBAT of the energy storage device 110 is lower than a certain threshold, the switch circuit 130 performs trickle charging on the energy storage device 110, and the charging current IBAT MAX% is β times (β<1) of the constant current charging current IBAT MAX. In the constant current stage T2, after the charging voltage VBAT of the energy storage device 110 rises and is greater than a certain threshold, the switch circuit 130 performs constant current charging on the energy storage device 110 with a constant current IBAT MAX. In the constant voltage stage T3, after the charging voltage VBAT of the energy storage device 110 rises to VBAT MAX%, the switch circuit 130 performs constant voltage charging on the energy storage device 110 at a constant charging voltage until the charging current IBAT decreases to IBAT MAX%. At this time, the system assumes that the rechargeable battery pack is fully charged and stops charging.

[0046] Through the embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy storage device is charged and discharged in an efficient and low-cost manner, the number of interfaces is simplified and the PCB layout is convenient, the use of active devices is reduced and the peripheral circuits are simplified to the greatest extent, so that the volume and manufacturing cost of the chip can be reduced. In addition, the present disclosure can also perform charging and discharging operations in an adaptive manner, accurately detect the plug-in status and charging and discharging requirements, avoid reverse charging and discharging, and thus improve the safety and reliability of the system.

[0047] Through the teachings given in the above description and the related drawings, many modifications and other embodiments of the present disclosure given here will be recognized by those skilled in the art of the present disclosure. Therefore, it is to be understood that the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included in the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, although the above description and the related drawings describe the example embodiments in the context of some example combinations of parts and / or functions, it should be appreciated that different combinations of parts and / or functions can be provided by alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In this regard, for example, other combinations of parts and / or functions that are different from those clearly described above are also expected to be within the scope of the present disclosure. Although specific terms are used here, they are only used in a general and descriptive sense and are not intended to be limited.

Claims

1. A charging and discharging system (100), characterized in that: include: Energy storage device (110); A universal serial bus port (120) adapted to be coupled to a device to be charged (20) or a device to be discharged (30), wherein the charging input voltage and the discharging output voltage of the energy storage device (110) are both higher than the voltage at the universal serial bus port (120); as well as The switch circuit (130) is configured to step down the discharge output voltage of the energy storage device (110) to the charging input voltage of the device to be charged (20), or step up the discharge output voltage of the device to be discharged (30) to the charging input voltage of the energy storage device (110), and the switch circuit (130) comprises: A switch bridge arm (131), coupled to the energy storage device (110), and comprising an upper bridge arm switch (S1) and a lower bridge arm switch (S2); as well as An inductor (L), wherein a first end of the inductor (L) is coupled to the switch bridge arm (131), and a second end of the inductor (L) is coupled to the universal serial bus port (120).

2. The charging and discharging system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: a charge and discharge detection component (150), coupled to the universal serial bus port (120), and configured to detect whether the device to be charged (20) or the device to be discharged (30) is coupled to the universal serial bus port (120), The switch circuit (130) is further configured to: perform a voltage reduction operation from the energy storage device (110) to the device to be charged (20) based on the charge and discharge detection component (150) detecting that the device to be charged (20) is coupled to the universal serial bus port (120), or perform a voltage increase operation from the device to be discharged (30) to the energy storage device (110) based on the charge and discharge detection component (150) detecting that the device to be discharged (30) is coupled to the universal serial bus port (120).

3. The charging and discharging system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The charge and discharge detection component (150) is further configured to: stop detection after detecting that the device to be charged (20) or the device to be discharged (30) is coupled to the universal serial bus port (120), and resume detection after the device to be charged (20) or the device to be discharged (30) is decoupled from the universal serial bus port (120).

4. The charging and discharging system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The universal serial bus port (120) includes a type-C port, and the charge and discharge detection component (150) is coupled to a CC terminal of the type-C port.

5. The charging and discharging system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: a current detection component (160) coupled between the inductor (L) and the universal serial bus port (120) and configured to detect a current flowing through the universal serial bus port (120), The switch circuit (130) is configured to operate based on a current detection result of the current detection component (160).

6. The charging and discharging system (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current detection component (160) includes at least one of a resistor and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.

7. The charging and discharging system (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current detection component (160) is coupled to a VBUS terminal of the type-C port.

8. The charging and discharging system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch circuit (130) further comprises a first capacitor (C1) and a second capacitor (C2), the first capacitor (C1) being coupled between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the energy storage device (110), and the second capacitor (C2) being coupled between the second end of the inductor (L) and the negative electrode of the energy storage device (110).

9. The charging and discharging system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A controller (170) is coupled to the switch circuit (130) and is configured to control the on and off of the upper bridge arm switch (S1) and the lower bridge arm switch (S2) so that the switch circuit (130) performs a voltage reduction operation from the energy storage device (110) to the device to be charged (20) or performs a voltage increase operation from the device to be discharged (30) to the energy storage device (110).

10. An electronic device (10), characterized in that: It comprises a charging and discharging system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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