Combined machine with straw treatment and residual film recovery functions

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined machine with straw treatment and residual film recovery functions. The combined machine comprises a straw treatment part and a residual film recovery part which are arranged front and back; the straw treatment part is provided with a straw crushing chamber, a straw crushing roller and a straw discharging pusher, and crushed straw treated by the straw crushing roller is transversely pushed by the straw discharging pusher and then is discharged from a straw discharging opening in the side of the straw crushing chamber; the straw treatment part further comprises a rapid decomposition agent spraying device, the rapid decomposition agent spraying device comprises a plurality of spray heads extending out of the side face of the straw crushing chamber, and the spray heads are located over the straw discharging opening; the adjusting mechanism can be used for adjusting the distance between the spray heads, and the liquid supply mechanism is used for supplying quick decomposition agent liquid to all the spray heads. According to the straw smashing machine, the fast decomposition agent liquid is sprayed to the smashed straw discharged from the straw discharging opening, the smashed straw stained with the fast decomposition agent falls down and is stacked to form the straw smashing belt located on the side of the machine tool, the smashed straw and the agent are fully mixed, and decomposition of the straw smashing belt can be accelerated in the follow-up process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a combined operation machine with the functions of straw processing and residual film recovery. Background Art

[0002] While film covering technology has increased crop yields, it has also caused serious damage to the soil and environment. The treatment of residual film pollution in farmland has been gradually implemented, and mechanized residual film recovery technology after autumn is currently the main means of treating residual film pollution. The straw crushing and returning to the field and film recovery combined operation machine is an advanced residual film recovery equipment after autumn. It can complete the collection of film while crushing the previous crop of straw, realize the separation of film and straw, reduce the impurity rate of recycled film, and facilitate the recycling and reuse of film. However, a large amount of straw is directly crushed and scattered on the surface of farmland, which is difficult to decompose in winter, affecting the sowing of the next crop.

[0003] In the prior art, patent CN 108770391 A discloses a film-covered corn stalk crushing and collecting residual film recycling machine, which can crush the stalks through a knife shaft assembly, and transport the crushed stalks to a straw pneumatic lifting assembly through a spiral conveying device. The straw pneumatic lifting assembly lifts the chopped stalks to a straw collection box, and at the same time, the film shovel scoops up the soil, residual film and crop stubble to the primary lifting chain and the secondary lifting chain for film-soil separation. The reel assembly rotates to wrap the residual film, and the crop stubble and weeds fall into the film-weed box assembly. This patent collects the chopped stalks, but does not perform field return operations.

[0004] Patent CN116439003A discloses a combined machine for cotton stalk pulverizing and residual film recovery, which can pulverize cotton stalks and return the pulverized cotton stalks to the field through a discarder, and can recover the residual film through a residual film transport chain rake and a residual film recovery box. The applicant's prior patent application CN103891442A and other patents disclose a scheme of pulverizing straw by rotating a knife shaft, transporting straw to one side of the machine through a horizontal auger, and throwing the shredded straw back to the field through a fan and a throwing pipe. None of the above patents consider the problem that the shredded straw cannot be decomposed in time and affects subsequent farming. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a combined operation machine that can efficiently promote straw decomposition and has both straw processing and residual film recovery functions.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above purpose, the combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions of the present invention comprises a straw processing part and a residual film recovery part arranged front and back;

[0007] The straw processing part comprises a straw shredding chamber, a straw shredding roller and a straw discharge pusher. The straw shredding roller is provided with a straw picking knife. The inner wall of the straw shredding chamber is provided with a fixed knife for cooperating with the straw picking knife to perform straw shredding operation. The straw shredding processed by the straw shredding roller is laterally pushed by the straw discharge pusher and discharged from a straw discharge port located on the side of the straw shredding chamber.

[0008] The straw processing part also includes a quick-corrupting agent spraying device, which includes a plurality of nozzles extending out of the side of the straw chopped chamber, and the nozzles are located directly above the straw discharge port, so that the nozzles can spray quick-corrupting agent liquid on the chopped straw being discharged from the straw discharge port; it also includes an adjustment mechanism that can adjust the spacing between the nozzles, and a liquid supply mechanism that provides quick-corrupting agent liquid to all the nozzles.

[0009] With the above structure, on the one hand, by spraying the quick-decaying agent liquid on the stubble discharged from the stubble discharge port, the stubble will be stained with the quick-decaying agent when it is discharged, and the stubble stained with the quick-decaying agent falls and accumulates into a stubble belt located on the side of the machine. The stubble and the agent are fully mixed, which can accelerate the decomposition of the stubble belt in the future. Compared with forming a stubble belt first and then spraying the quick-decaying agent liquid on the stubble belt, the present invention has a significantly better effect in promoting the decomposition of straw.

[0010] On the other hand, during the operation, the spacing of the nozzles can be adjusted according to the straw discharge range of the straw discharge port to ensure sufficient spraying of the broken straw, sufficient coverage of the straw within the straw discharge range, and uniformity of spraying. It has good adaptability to spraying pesticides on straw at different throwing distances.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic frame, a telescopic cylinder and a telescopic controller; the telescopic frame includes multiple groups of X-shaped connecting rod hinge structures located in the middle, and V-shaped connecting rod hinge structures located at both ends, and the connecting rod ends of adjacent connecting rod structures are hinged to each other, so that the telescopic frame forms a plurality of diamond structures, and each of the diamond structures is equipped with a nozzle at the bottom end; the telescopic cylinder can change the overall length of the telescopic frame, and the telescopic controller is controlled and connected to the telescopic cylinder.

[0012] The adjustment mechanism is convenient for telescopic adjustment, can ensure that all nozzles are always arranged at equal distances, and has a stable and reliable structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid supply mechanism includes a medicine box, a booster pump and a liquid circuit, the booster pump is connected to all the nozzles through the liquid circuit, and the booster pump can draw quick-corrosive agent liquid from the medicine box.

[0014] Furthermore, the straw discharge pusher includes a trough and an augers rotatably installed in the trough, and the straw processed by the straw crushing roller enters the trough. The operation of the augers causes the straw in the trough to move laterally and finally be discharged from the straw discharge port.

[0015] Furthermore, the residual film recovery part includes a film pickup roller, a film transport chain rake and a film collection box arranged in sequence from front to back; the film transport chain rake is arranged low at the front and high at the back;

[0016] A front gearbox and a rear gearbox are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the straw shredding chamber; the front gearbox has a PTO input shaft, a side output shaft and a rear output shaft, the side output shaft is connected to the front drive wheel, and the front drive wheel drives the straw shredding roller and the straw discharge pusher to operate through a belt mechanism; the rear output shaft transmits power to the rear gearbox, and the rear gearbox drives the film picking roller and the film transport chain rake to operate. Specifically, the rear gearbox drives the film picking roller to rotate through a gear transmission mechanism, and at the same time transmits power to the rear drive wheel located on the rear side of the film transport chain rake through a belt transmission mechanism, and the rear drive wheel drives the film transport chain rake to operate.

[0017] With the above structure, the transmission system is reasonably designed and can drive all moving parts to operate by connecting the power of the PTO output shaft of the tractor.

[0018] In addition, the front side of the stubble chamber is also provided with a traction frame and ground wheels. The traction frame is a three-point hitch mechanism for connecting a tractor; and the ground wheels are used to support the front side of the stubble chamber.

[0019] During operation, on the one hand, the straw shredder roller picks up the straw on the field surface and enters the straw shredder chamber for shredding. The shredded straw is thrown into the straw discharge pusher, which causes the shredded straw to move horizontally and be discharged from the straw discharge port. At the same time, the booster pump draws quick-corrosion agent liquid from the medicine box to spray the shredded straw being discharged from the straw discharge port. The shredded straw with quick-corrosion agent falls to the side of the machine to form a strip of shredded straw, which will not interfere with the subsequent residual film recovery operation. On the other hand, the film picking roller picks up the residual ground film on the surface and puts it on the film transport chain rake. The film transport chain rake transports the residual ground film backward and upward, and all the residual ground film is finally collected in the film collection box.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) By spraying the quick-decomposition agent liquid on the stubble discharged from the stubble outlet, the stubble will be stained with the quick-decomposition agent when it is discharged. The stubble stained with the quick-decomposition agent falls and accumulates into a stubble belt located on the side of the machine. The stubble and the agent are fully mixed, which can accelerate the decomposition of the stubble belt in the future. Compared with forming a stubble belt first and then spraying the quick-decomposition agent liquid on the stubble belt, the present invention has a significantly better effect in promoting the decomposition of straw.

[0022] (2) During the operation, the distance between the nozzles can be adjusted according to the straw discharge range of the straw discharge port to ensure sufficient spraying of the broken straw, sufficient coverage of the straw within the straw discharge range, and uniformity of spraying. It has good adaptability to spraying pesticides on straw at different throwing distances.

[0023] (3) The nozzle adjustment mechanism is easy to adjust, which can ensure that all nozzles are always arranged at equal distances, and the structure is stable and reliable.

[0024] (4) The integrated operation of straw crushing and returning to the field, rapid straw decomposition and fertilization, and residual film cleaning and recovery has been realized. It has a compact structure, high operating efficiency, and good results, solving the problem that the existing technology is difficult to promote and apply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions;

[0026] Figure 2 The first cross-sectional structural diagram of a combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions;

[0027] Figure 3 This is the second cross-sectional structural diagram of the combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions.

[0028] In the figure: 1-traction frame; 2-front gearbox; 3-front driving wheel; 4-ground wheel; 5-straw shredder roller; 6-straw discharge port; 7-straw discharge pusher; 8-film picking roller; 9-sprinkler; 10-telescopic frame; 11-rear driving wheel; 12-film collecting box; 13-film transport chain rake; 14-liquid circuit; 15-boosting pump; 16-rear gearbox; 17-medicine box; 18-telescopic cylinder; 19-telescopic controller; 20-straw shredder chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 The combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions shown includes a straw processing part and a residual film recovery part arranged in front and back;

[0031] The straw processing part comprises a straw shredding chamber 20, a straw shredding roller 5 and a straw discharge pusher 7. The straw shredding roller 5 is provided with a straw picking knife. Figure 2 As shown, the inner wall of the straw shredding chamber 20 is provided with a fixed knife for cooperating with the straw picking knife to perform straw shredding operations. The shredded straw processed by the straw shredding roller 5 is pushed laterally by the straw discharge pusher 7 and discharged from the straw discharge port 6 located on the side of the straw shredding chamber 20 .

[0032] The straw processing part also includes a quick-corrosion agent spraying device, which includes a plurality of nozzles 9 extending out of the side of the straw shredded chamber 20, and the nozzles 9 are located directly above the straw discharge port 6, so that the nozzles 9 can spray quick-corrosion agent liquid on the straw shredded straw discharged from the straw discharge port 6; it also includes an adjustment mechanism that can adjust the spacing between the nozzles 9, and a liquid supply mechanism that provides quick-corrosion agent liquid to all the nozzles 9.

[0033] With the above structure, on the one hand, by spraying the quick-decomposition agent liquid on the stubble discharged from the stubble discharge port 6, the stubble will be stained with the quick-decomposition agent when it is discharged, and the stubble stained with the quick-decomposition agent falls and accumulates into a stubble belt located on the side of the machine. The stubble and the agent are fully mixed, which can accelerate the decomposition of the stubble belt in the future. Compared with forming a stubble belt first and then spraying the quick-decomposition agent liquid on the stubble belt, the present invention has a significantly better effect in promoting the decomposition of straw.

[0034] On the other hand, during the operation, the spacing of the nozzles 9 can be adjusted according to the straw discharge range of the straw discharge port 6 to ensure sufficient spraying of the broken straw, sufficient coverage of the straw within the straw discharge range, and uniformity of spraying, and it has good adaptability to spraying pesticides on straw at different throwing distances.

[0035] Preferably, if Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic frame 10, a telescopic cylinder 18 and a telescopic controller 19; the telescopic frame 10 includes a plurality of groups of X-shaped connecting rod hinge structures located in the middle, and V-shaped connecting rod hinge structures located at both ends, and the connecting rod ends of adjacent connecting rod structures are hinged to each other, so that the telescopic frame 10 forms a plurality of diamond structures, and a nozzle 9 is installed at the bottom end of each of the diamond structures; the telescopic cylinder 18 can change the overall length of the telescopic frame 10, and the telescopic controller 19 is control-connected to the telescopic cylinder 18.

[0036] The adjustment mechanism is convenient for telescopic adjustment, can ensure that all nozzles 9 are always arranged at equal distances, and has a stable and reliable structure.

[0037] The liquid supply mechanism includes a medicine box 17, a booster pump 15 and a liquid circuit 14. The booster pump 15 is connected to all the nozzles 9 through the liquid circuit 14, and the booster pump 15 can draw the quick-corrosion agent liquid from the medicine box 17. In one embodiment, in order to control the liquid flow rate of each nozzle 9, a flow regulating valve can be set for each nozzle 9. In actual use, the flow rate of each flow regulating valve is adjusted according to the distribution range of the straw discharged from the straw discharge port 6 and the density distribution of the straw in the distribution range, so that the amount of quick-corrosion agent sprayed by the nozzle 9 corresponds to the amount of broken straw in the operating range of the nozzle 9. Generally speaking, the closer to the straw discharge port 6, the greater the amount of broken straw, and the greater the liquid flow rate of the corresponding nozzle 9. The farther from the straw discharge port 6, the smaller the amount of broken straw, and the smaller the liquid flow rate of the corresponding nozzle 9. In this way, spraying on demand can be achieved, saving quick-corrosion agent and preventing excessive use of quick-corrosion agent from causing environmental pollution.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the straw discharge pusher 7 includes a trough and an augers rotatably installed in the trough. The straw processed by the straw crushing roller 5 enters the trough. The operation of the augers makes the straw in the trough move horizontally and finally discharged from the straw discharge port 6.

[0039] The residual film recovery part comprises a film pickup roller 8, a film transport chain rake 13 and a film collection box 12 which are arranged in sequence from front to back; the film transport chain rake 13 is arranged with the front lower and the back higher.

[0040] The front and rear sides of the straw shredding chamber 20 are respectively installed with a front gearbox 2 and a rear gearbox 16; the front gearbox 2 has a PTO input shaft, a side output shaft and a rear output shaft, the side output shaft is connected to the front drive wheel 3, and the front drive wheel 3 drives the straw shredding roller 5 and the straw discharge pusher 7 to operate through a belt mechanism; the rear output shaft transmits power to the rear gearbox 16, and the rear gearbox 16 drives the film picking roller 8 and the film transport chain rake 13 to operate. Specifically, the rear gearbox 16 drives the film picking roller 8 to rotate through a gear transmission mechanism, and at the same time transmits power to the rear drive wheel 11 located on the rear side of the film transport chain rake 13 through a belt transmission mechanism, and the rear drive wheel 11 drives the film transport chain rake 13 to operate.

[0041] With the above structure, the transmission system is reasonably designed and can drive all moving parts to operate by connecting the power of the PTO output shaft of the tractor.

[0042] In addition, the front side of the stubble chamber 20 also has a traction frame 1 and a ground wheel 4. The traction frame 1 is a three-point hitch mechanism for connecting a tractor; the ground wheel 4 is used to support the front side of the stubble chamber 20.

[0043] During operation, on the one hand, the straw shredder roller 5 picks up the straw on the field surface and enters the straw shredder chamber 20 for shredding. The shredded straw is thrown into the straw discharge pusher 7, which causes the shredded straw to move laterally and be discharged from the straw discharge port 6. At the same time, the booster pump 15 draws the quick-corrosion agent liquid from the medicine box 17 to spray the shredded straw being discharged from the straw discharge port 6. The shredded straw with the quick-corrosion agent falls to the side of the machine to form a strip of shredded straw, which will not interfere with the subsequent residual film recovery operation. On the other hand, the film picking roller 8 picks up the residual ground film on the surface to the film conveying chain rake 13, and the film conveying chain rake 13 conveys the residual ground film backward and upward, and all the residual ground film is finally collected in the film collecting box 12.

[0044] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions, which includes a straw processing part and a residual film recovery part arranged in front and back; The straw processing part comprises a straw shredding chamber (20), a straw shredding roller (5) and a straw discharge pusher (7); the shredded straw processed by the straw shredding roller (5) is laterally pushed by the straw discharge pusher (7) and discharged from a straw discharge port (6) located on the side of the straw shredding chamber (20); Features: The straw processing part also includes a quick-corrosion agent spraying device, which includes a plurality of nozzles (9) extending out of the side of the straw shredding chamber (20), and the nozzles (9) are located directly above the straw discharge port (6); it also includes an adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting the spacing between the nozzles (9), and a liquid supply mechanism for providing quick-corrosion agent liquid to all the nozzles (9).

2. The combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism comprises a telescopic frame (10), a telescopic cylinder (18) and a telescopic controller (19); the telescopic frame (10) comprises a plurality of groups of X-shaped connecting rod hinge structures located in the middle, and V-shaped connecting rod hinge structures located at both ends, so that the telescopic frame (10) forms a plurality of rhombus structures, and a nozzle (9) is installed at the bottom end of each rhombus structure; the telescopic cylinder (18) can change the overall length of the telescopic frame (10), and the telescopic controller (19) is control-connected to the telescopic cylinder (18).

3. The combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid supply mechanism comprises a medicine box (17), a booster pump (15) and a liquid circuit (14); the booster pump (15) is connected to all the nozzles (9) via the liquid circuit (14), and the booster pump (15) can draw quick-corrosion agent liquid from the medicine box (17).

4. The combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The straw discharge pusher (7) comprises a material trough and an augers rotatably installed in the material trough.

5. The combined operation machine with both straw processing and residual film recovery functions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The residual film recovery part comprises a film picking roller (8), a film transport chain rake (13) and a film collecting box (12) which are arranged in sequence from front to back; the film transport chain rake (13) is arranged low at the front and high at the back; A front gearbox (2) and a rear gearbox (16) are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the straw chamber (20); The front gearbox (2) has a PTO input shaft, a side output shaft and a rear output shaft, the side output shaft is connected to the front drive wheel (3), and the front drive wheel (3) drives the straw shredding roller (5) and the straw discharge pusher (7) to operate; the rear output shaft transmits power to the rear gearbox (16), and the rear gearbox (16) drives the film picking roller (8) and the film transport chain rake (13) to operate.

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