Method for inducing acrossocheilus fasciatus to breed under factory circulating water culture condition

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for inducing acrossocheilus fasciatus to breed under a factory-like circulating water culture condition. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a backup parent; (2) artificial winterization and illumination control treatment; (3) artificial ripening; (4) artificial spawning induction; (5) artificial insemination; and (6) artificial incubation. The method overcomes the problems of strong fry supply seasonality, unstable marketing time and the like in a traditional breeding mode, and effectively solves the problem of difficult breeding of the acrossocheilus fasciatus cultured by factory circulating water through the technical measures of simulating a natural winterization process, controlling optimal gonad development temperature and illumination, strengthening nutrition, accelerating ripening by oral medicines and the like; according to the method, the marketing time of the fry is advanced from June to July to March to April, price competition caused by concentrated marketing can be effectively avoided by early fry supply, the economic benefit is obvious, and the sustainable development of the acrossocheilus fasciatus culture industry is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a method for inducing the reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water culture conditions. Background Art

[0002] The smooth-lipped fish (scientific name: Acrossoeheilus fasciatus) is an important economic aquatic animal. Its meat is delicious and popular in the market. It has a high market price and is also a fish species with high economic value that is very suitable for factory-scale recirculating aquaculture. Although people have made breakthroughs in the artificial induction of outdoor aquaculture of smooth-lipped fish, the seedlings are currently in short supply and the supply time is highly seasonal, especially unable to meet the needs of multiple batches of aquaculture under indoor factory-scale recirculating aquaculture. The reproduction effect of smooth-lipped fish under indoor factory-scale recirculating aquaculture conditions is often poor, mainly manifested in the asynchronous development of the gonads of male and female fish, slow gonad development, poor egg quality, and low fertilization rate. The reason is that under indoor recirculating aquaculture conditions, the physiological rhythm of fish reproduction is disturbed due to constant water temperature and light, lack of winterization process, and the lack of certain unknown nutrients caused by the single food and lack of natural bait. These combined factors make it difficult for smooth-lipped fish to reproduce. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background technology and provide a method for inducing the reproduction of light-lipped fish under industrial circulating water aquaculture conditions.

[0004] The present invention is specifically implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Selection of backup parents: Select healthy, 2-year-old or older smooth-lipped fish with obvious body stripes as backup parents. The weight of female fish should be over 60 grams, and the weight of male fish should be over 30 grams.

[0007] (2) artificially simulating winterization and light control; artificially winterizing and light controlling the reserve parents selected in step 1); gradually lowering the water temperature of the circulating aquaculture system by temperature control equipment to simulate the winterization process, so that the water temperature reaches the target low temperature and is maintained for a certain period of time to achieve sufficient cold accumulated temperature, during which the light exposure time is shortened and a weak light environment is maintained;

[0008] (3) Artificial ripening: After the winterization of the parent in step (2), the water temperature of the circulating aquaculture system is gradually increased to the target temperature, and the lighting time is extended to maintain a certain light intensity. During this period, a nutrient enhancer containing gonadal development promotion, live bait and Chinese herbal ripening drugs are fed;

[0009] (4) Artificial induction of spawning: After a certain period of artificial ripening in step (3), a plastic frame with gravel is set in the aquaculture pond of the recirculating aquaculture system. When a large number of smooth lipped fish are observed to reproduce in the plastic frame, it indicates that the gonads of the parents have basically matured. The parents in the plastic frame are caught. When it is found that most of the female fish have a small number of eggs that can be squeezed out, it indicates that the time for artificial induction of spawning has arrived. Artificial induction of spawning is performed by adding an oxytocin to the feed;

[0010] (5) Artificial insemination;

[0011] (6) Artificial incubation.

[0012] Furthermore, in step (2), no feed is fed during the artificial simulated wintering, the target low temperature for simulated wintering is 8°C-12°C, the wintering time is 30-45 days, the accumulated cold temperature needs to reach 240-540 degrees Celsius, and the lower the temperature, the less the required accumulated cold temperature; wherein light control refers to partial shading of the culture pond during the wintering period to maintain a low light environment, while the daily light time is controlled at 8 hours, and the light intensity is required to be less than 200 lux.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (3), the target water temperature required for artificial ripening is 22°C-25°C, the optimal gonad development temperature, and a gradient temperature increase is adopted, increasing the water temperature by 1-2°C per week from the winterization low temperature until the target water temperature is reached.

[0014] Furthermore, the lighting control requires a daily lighting time of 16 hours and a light intensity of 2000-3500 lux.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (3), during the artificial ripening period, it is necessary to add vitamin E and vitamin C, nutrients that can promote gonadal development, to the feed, wherein the amount of vitamin E added is 0.5 g / kg of feed, and the amount of vitamin C added is 1 g / kg of feed.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (3), during the artificial ripening period, a Chinese herbal extract having a gonad ripening effect needs to be added to the feed, the Chinese herbal extract includes an epimedium extract and an eucommia leaf extract, and the mass ratio of the two is 2:1, and the added amount is 5 g / kg of feed.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (3), during the artificial ripening period, chlorella powder and astaxanthin, which can improve the egg quality, need to be added to the feed, with a mass ratio of 6:4 and an addition amount of 0.5 g / kg of feed.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (3), during the artificial ripening period, live bait needs to be supplemented in the feed to improve the egg quality. The live bait is live mealworms. Specifically, live mealworms are used to replace part of the feed, and the replacement ratio is 15%.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (4), the oxytocin is a luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue-A2 oxytocin, and the added amount is 50-80 mg / kg feed, or 2 carp pituitary glands / kg feed.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (5), the specific steps of artificial insemination are as follows: after feeding the parents with a feed containing an oxytocin for 18 hours, the parents in the plastic frame are captured for artificial squeezing of eggs, dry insemination is performed, and the fertilized eggs are cleaned and disinfected and then transferred to an incubator for running water incubation, and the running water temperature is controlled at 22-25°C to promote the hatching of the fertilized eggs and the healthy growth of the fry.

[0021] The present invention provides a technical method capable of controlling the early spawning of light-lipped fish and improving the egg quality under indoor factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions, which can mass-produce light-lipped fish seedlings and advance the time to market by more than 3 months, and has obvious economic benefits. It overcomes the problems of strong seasonality of seedling supply and unstable time to market in traditional breeding methods, and effectively solves the problem of breeding difficulties of light-lipped fish in factory-scale circulating water aquaculture by simulating the natural winterization process, controlling the optimal gonad development temperature and light, strengthening nutrition, and taking oral drugs for ripening. The time to market of seedlings is advanced from June to July to March to April. Early seedling supply can effectively avoid price competition caused by concentrated listing, with obvious economic benefits, and promotes the sustainable development of the light-lipped fish aquaculture industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] The present invention provides a method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0024] (1) Selection of reserve parents: The reserve parents are selected to be female fish and above 2 years old. The breeding time of fish in nature or outdoor breeding environment is concentrated in May-July. In the autumn and winter of each year (after October), 2-year-old healthy fish with obvious stripes are selected as breeding reserve parents and introduced into the factory breeding system. The selected parents are then subjected to artificial simulated winterization and light control in step (2). Different male and female reserve parents can be selected and raised in different recirculating aquaculture systems.

[0025] (2) Artificial simulation of winterization and light control: The water temperature of the recirculating aquaculture system is gradually lowered through temperature control equipment to simulate the winterization process. When the water temperature reaches the target low temperature and is maintained for a certain period of time to achieve sufficient cold accumulated temperature, the light duration is shortened and a low light environment is maintained. Then, the water body parameters such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, pH, and hardness are regularly monitored to maintain a good water quality environment. No feed is added during the winterization period.

[0026] The target low temperature for simulated wintering is 8℃-12℃, the wintering time is 30-45 days, and the accumulated cold temperature needs to reach 240-540 degrees Celsius. The lower the temperature, the less the required accumulated cold temperature. Light control refers to partial shading of the breeding pond during the wintering period to maintain a low-light environment. At the same time, the daily light time is controlled at 8 hours per day, and the light intensity is required to be below 200lux.

[0027] (3) Artificial ripening: After winterization, gradually increase the water temperature of the circulating aquaculture system to the target temperature, while extending the lighting time and maintaining sufficient light intensity. The daily lighting time is 16 hours and the light intensity is 2000-3500 lux. Add fish oil, vitamin E, vitamin C, and complex trace elements to the feed. At the same time, add Chinese herbal medicines with gonad ripening function, chlorella powder and astaxanthin, and feed live baits such as mealworms in appropriate amounts to promote the gonad development of the reserve parents and improve the quality of eggs.

[0028] The target water temperature for artificial ripening is 22℃-25℃, the optimal temperature for gonad development. A gradient temperature increase is adopted, raising the water temperature by 1-2℃ per week from the wintering low temperature until the target water temperature is reached. Artificial ripening requires the addition of nutrients that can promote gonad development, of which vitamin E is added at 0.5g / kg of feed and vitamin C is added at 1g / kg of feed. Artificial ripening requires the addition of Chinese herbal extracts with gonad ripening effects (extraction ratio of 10:1), including epimedium and eucommia leaf extracts, and the mass ratio of the two is 2:1, and the addition amount is 5g / kg of feed. Artificial ripening requires the addition of chlorella powder and astaxanthin to improve egg quality, with a mass ratio of 6:4, and the addition amount is 0.5g / kg of feed. Artificial ripening requires the addition of live bait to improve egg quality. Live mealworms can be used to replace part of the feed, and the replacement ratio is 15%.

[0029] (4) Artificial induction of labor: After a certain period of artificial maturation, a plastic frame with gravel is set up in the breeding pond of the recirculating aquaculture system. When a large number of light-lipped fish are observed to reproduce in the plastic frame, it means that the gonads of the parents have basically matured. The parents in the plastic frame are caught. When it is found that most female fish have a small number of eggs that can be squeezed out, it means that the time for artificial induction of labor has come. Artificial induction of labor is performed by adding oxytocin to the feed. The oxytocin is a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog-A2 oxytocin, and the feed addition amount is 50-80 mg / kg, or 2 carp pituitary glands / kg.

[0030] (5) Artificial insemination: 18 hours after the parents were fed a feed containing an oxytocin, the parents were captured in a plastic frame and their eggs were squeezed artificially, using dry insemination.

[0031] (6) Artificial incubation: After cleaning and disinfection, the fertilized eggs are transferred to the incubator for incubation in running water. The water quality and temperature (22-25°C) are controlled to promote the hatching of the fertilized eggs and the healthy growth of the fry.

[0032] Specific breeding information is shown in Table 1.

[0033] Table 1

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] The above is a detailed introduction to a method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale recirculating aquaculture conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solutions disclosed by the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for inducing the reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Selection of backup parents: Select healthy, 2-year-old or older smooth-lipped fish with obvious body stripes as backup parents. The weight of female fish should be over 60 grams, and the weight of male fish should be over 30 grams. (2) Artificial winterization and light control treatment: subjecting the reserve parent selected in step 1) to simulated winterization and light control treatment; The water temperature of the circulating aquaculture system is gradually lowered by temperature control equipment to simulate the winterization process, so that the water temperature reaches the target low temperature and is maintained for a certain period of time to achieve sufficient cold accumulated temperature. During this period, the lighting time is shortened and a weak light environment is maintained; (3) Artificial ripening: After the winterization of the parent in step (2), the water temperature of the circulating aquaculture system is gradually increased to the target temperature, and the lighting time is extended to maintain a certain light intensity. During this period, a nutrient enhancer containing gonadal development promotion, live bait and Chinese herbal ripening drugs are fed; (4) Artificial induction of spawning: After a certain period of artificial ripening in step (3), a plastic frame with gravel is set in the aquaculture pond of the recirculating aquaculture system. When a large number of smooth lipped fish are observed to reproduce in the plastic frame, it indicates that the gonads of the parents have basically matured. The parents in the plastic frame are caught. When it is found that most of the female fish have a small number of eggs that can be squeezed out, it indicates that the time for artificial induction of spawning has arrived. Artificial induction of spawning is performed by adding an oxytocin to the feed; (5) Artificial insemination; (6) Artificial incubation.

2. The method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), no feed is fed during the artificial winterization period, the target low temperature for simulated winterization is 8°C-12°C, the winterization period is 30-45 days, the accumulated cold temperature needs to reach 240-540 degrees Celsius, and the lower the temperature, the less the required accumulated cold temperature; wherein light control refers to partial shading of the culture pond during the winterization period to maintain a low light environment, while the daily light time is controlled at 8 hours, and the light intensity is required to be less than 200 lux.

3. The method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the target water temperature required for artificial ripening is 22°C-25°C, the optimal gonad development temperature, and a gradient temperature increase is adopted, increasing the water temperature by 1-2°C per week from the winterization low temperature until the target water temperature is reached.

4. The method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lighting control requirement in step (3) is 16 hours of lighting per day and the light intensity is 2000-3500 lux.

5. The method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the artificial ripening in step (3), it is necessary to add vitamin E and vitamin C, nutrients that promote gonadal development, to the feed, wherein the amount of vitamin E added is 0.5 g / kg of feed, and the amount of vitamin C added is 1 g / kg of feed.

6. The method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the artificial ripening in step (3), a Chinese herbal medicine extract having a gonad ripening effect needs to be added to the feed. The Chinese herbal medicine extract includes an epimedium extract and an eucommia leaf extract, and the mass ratio of the two is 2:

1. The added amount is 5 g / kg of feed.

7. The method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), during the artificial ripening period, chlorella powder and astaxanthin, which can improve the egg quality, need to be added to the feed, with a mass ratio of 6:4 and an addition amount of 0.5 g / kg of feed.

8. The method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), during the artificial ripening period, live bait needs to be added to the feed to improve the egg quality. The live bait is selected from live mealworms. Specifically, live mealworms are used to replace part of the feed, and the replacement ratio is 15%.

9. The method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the oxytocin is a luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue-A2 oxytocin, and the added amount is 50-80 mg / kg feed, or 2 carp pituitary glands / kg feed.

10. The method for inducing reproduction of light-lipped fish under factory-scale circulating water aquaculture conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the specific steps of artificial insemination are as follows: after feeding the parents with a feed containing an oxytocin for 18 hours, the parents in the plastic frame are captured for artificial squeezing of eggs, dry insemination is performed, and the fertilized eggs are cleaned and disinfected and then transferred to an incubator for running water incubation. The running water temperature is controlled at 22-25° C. to promote the hatching of the fertilized eggs and the healthy growth of the fry.

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