Absorption column and carbon dioxide capture system having the same

Abstract

The application provides an absorption tower and a carbon dioxide capturing system with the same, wherein the absorption tower comprises a tower body with a gas inlet and a gas outlet arranged at intervals, a filler structure arranged in the interior of the tower body, an elimination structure arranged on the side wall of the tower body, the elimination structure comprising an open port arranged on the side wall of the tower body and corresponding to the filler structure, a roller arranged at the open port, a collection structure arranged at the open port, and a backflow structure communicated between the collection structure and the tower body. The technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of gas-liquid two-phase in the filler layer in the related art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of chemical industry and environmental protection, and in particular to an absorption tower and a carbon dioxide capture system having the same. Background Art

[0002] Currently, liquid in an absorption tower is added at the top, sprayed onto the packing through a liquid distributor, and flows down through the gaps within the packing. Gas is introduced at the bottom of the tower, distributed by the gas distributor, and then continuously flows through the gaps in the packing layer in a countercurrent flow with the liquid, resulting in close contact between the gas and liquid phases for mass transfer. As the liquid flows down the packing layer, it tends to gradually concentrate toward the tower wall, causing the liquid flow rate near the tower wall to gradually increase. This phenomenon is known as the wall flow effect. The wall flow effect causes uneven distribution of the gas and liquid phases within the packing layer, thereby reducing mass transfer efficiency and affecting the quality of the finished product. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an absorption tower and a carbon dioxide capture system having the same, so as to solve the problem of uneven distribution of gas and liquid phases in the packing layer due to wall flow phenomenon in the related art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an absorption tower, comprising: a tower body, the tower body having an air inlet and an air outlet spaced apart; a packing structure arranged inside the tower body; an elimination structure arranged on the side wall of the tower body, the elimination structure comprising an open port arranged on the side wall of the tower body and corresponding to the packing structure, a roller arranged at the open port, a collection structure covered at the open port, and a reflux structure connected between the collection structure and the tower body.

[0005] Furthermore, the absorption tower also includes a guide plate, which is arranged at the open port and located below the roller.

[0006] Furthermore, the distance between the guide plate and the center of the tower body gradually increases from the top of the tower body to the bottom of the tower body.

[0007] Furthermore, there are multiple elimination structures, and the multiple elimination structures form multiple elimination groups. Each elimination group includes multiple elimination structures, and the multiple elimination groups are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tower body.

[0008] Furthermore, the absorption tower also includes a pump body, which is arranged on the reflux structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the collecting structure includes a first collecting part and a second collecting part connected to each other, the first collecting part is located above the second collecting part, and the thickness of the second collecting part gradually decreases from the first collecting part to the second collecting part.

[0010] Further, the reflux structure comprises a reflux pipe, a first end of the reflux pipe is connected to the bottom of the second collecting part, and a second end of the reflux pipe is connected to the sidewall of the tower body and located above the collecting structure.

[0011] Further, the absorption tower further comprises a controller, the controller is electrically connected with the roller and capable of controlling the roller to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0012] Further, the absorption tower further comprises a gas distributor, the gas distributor is arranged at the bottom of the tower body and communicates with the gas inlet, and the height of the gas distributor gradually decreases from the direction close to the gas inlet to the direction away from the gas inlet.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, a carbon dioxide capture system is provided, comprising the absorption tower.

[0014] According to the technical scheme of the present application, the tower body is provided with the gas inlet and the gas outlet which are arranged at intervals. The packing structure is arranged inside the tower body, and the collecting structure comprises the opening, the roller, the collecting structure and the reflux structure. The opening is arranged on the sidewall of the tower body and corresponds to the packing structure. The roller is rotatably arranged at the opening. The collecting structure is arranged at the opening. The reflux structure is arranged between the collecting structure and the tower body. Through the above arrangement, the flue gas can be diffused at the packing structure, and the liquid can be blown to the inner wall of the tower body. When the liquid flows on the sidewall of the tower body, the roller can collect the liquid and introduce the liquid into the collecting structure. Finally, the liquid is guided to the inside of the tower body through the reflux structure. Thus, the liquid can be effectively prevented from gathering on the inner wall of the tower body for a long time. Therefore, the technical scheme of the present application effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of gas-liquid two-phase in the packing layer in the related art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application form a part thereof, serve to provide further understanding of the application, and together with the description of the application, make apparent to those skilled in the art the application's purpose and advantages. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 Fig. 1 shows a perspective structural schematic view of an embodiment of the absorption tower according to the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 Fig. 2 shows an exploded structural schematic view of the absorption tower of Fig. 1; Figure 1

[0018] Figure 3 Fig. 3 shows a top view schematic view of the absorption tower of Fig. 1; Figure 1

[0019] Figure 4 Fig. 4 shows a sectional view schematic view of the absorption tower of Fig. 1; Figure 1 ​​​

[0020] Figure 5 a partial enlarged view of the absorption tower of Figure 4 Figure 1 shows a partial enlarged view of A of the absorption tower of

[0021] Figure 6 a perspective structural schematic view of the gas distributor of the absorption tower of Figure 1 Figure 2 shows a perspective structural schematic view of the gas distributor of the absorption tower of

[0022] Figure 7 a sectional schematic view of the gas distributor of the absorption tower of Figure 6 Figure 3 shows a sectional schematic view of the gas distributor of the absorption tower of

[0023] Wherein, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference signs:

[0024] 10, tower body; 11, gas inlet; 12, gas outlet; 20, filler structure; 30, elimination structure; 31, open port; 32, roller; 33, collection structure; 331, first collection part; 332, second collection part; 34, backflow structure; 341, backflow pipe; 40, guide plate; 50, pump body; 60, gas distributor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not intended to limit the present application and its application or use in any way. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, there is a feature, step, operation, device, component and / or combination thereof.

[0027] The relative arrangement of parts and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in the examples herein are not meant to limit the scope of the present application unless otherwise specifically indicated. It is to be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to scale for ease of illustration. Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those of ordinary skill are not discussed in detail because such techniques, methods, and equipment are well known and available from a number of sources. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value is to be interpreted as illustrative only and not as a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments can have different values. It is to be noted that like numbers and letters refer to like elements throughout the several views of the drawings and, as such, no further discussion with regard thereto is needed.

[0028] As Figures 1 to 5 shown in the drawings, in the present embodiment, the absorption tower comprises a tower body 10, a filler structure 20, and an elimination structure 30. The tower body 10 is provided with an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12 which are spaced apart. The filler structure 20 is arranged inside the tower body 10. The elimination structure 30 is arranged on the side wall of the tower body 10, and the elimination structure 30 comprises an open port 31 arranged on the side wall of the tower body 10 and corresponding to the filler structure 20, a roller 32 arranged at the open port 31, a collection structure 33 covering the open port 31, and a backflow structure 34 communicated between the collection structure 33 and the tower body 10.

[0029] By applying the technical scheme of the present embodiment, the tower body 10 is provided with the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12 which are spaced apart. The filler structure 20 is arranged inside the tower body 10, and the elimination structure 30 comprises the open port 31, the roller 32, the collection structure 33, and the backflow structure 34. The open port 31 is arranged on the side wall of the tower body 10 and corresponds to the filler structure 20. The roller 32 is rotatably arranged at the open port 31. The collection structure 33 covers the open port 31. The backflow structure 34 is communicated between the collection structure 33 and the tower body 10. Through the above arrangement, the flue gas can be diffused at the filler structure 20, and the liquid can be blown to the inner wall of the tower body 10. When the liquid flows on the side wall of the tower body 10, the roller 32 can collect the liquid and introduce it into the collection structure 33. Finally, the liquid is guided to the inside of the tower body 10 through the backflow structure 34. This can effectively prevent the liquid from gathering on the inner wall of the tower body 10 for a long time. Therefore, the technical scheme of the present embodiment effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of gas-liquid two-phase in the filler layer in the related art.

[0030] Specifically, by arranging the elimination structure 30 on the side wall of the tower body 10, the liquid droplets can be effectively collected and backflowed, avoiding the decrease of absorption efficiency caused by the entrainment of liquid droplets, and improving the operation efficiency of the system.

[0031] This design is particularly suitable for gas purification and carbon dioxide capture in large-scale industrial production, significantly improving the processing capacity and economy of the absorption tower.

[0032] In practical applications, the implementation effect of this absorption tower design is remarkable. For example, in the flue gas desulfurization process of coal-fired power plants, the entrainment of liquid droplets is reduced by more than 50%, greatly improving the utilization rate of absorbent and reducing operating costs. At the same time, it is widely used in the field of environmental protection, which can effectively reduce the impact of industrial emissions on the environment and play an important role in achieving sustainable development goals.

[0033] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in this embodiment, the absorption tower also includes a deflector 40, which is arranged at the opening 31 and below the roller 32. The arrangement of the deflector 40 can guide the liquid flow, thereby enabling the liquid to flow better into the collection structure 33.

[0034] The design of the above-mentioned deflector 40 can guide the liquid droplets to flow more smoothly into the collection structure 33, reducing the residence of liquid droplets on the side wall of the tower body 10, and further improving the recovery efficiency of liquid droplets. In the fields of chemical industry, environmental protection, energy, etc., this optimization can effectively reduce the waste of absorbent and reduce operating costs.

[0035] Through observation in actual operation, the presence of the deflector 40 increases the liquid droplet recovery efficiency by 30%, especially when dealing with high humidity and high concentration gas, the design effect is more obvious. In energy production, such as natural gas purification treatment, the addition of the deflector effectively reduces the impact of liquid droplets on subsequent processing links, improving the stability and efficiency of the overall system.

[0036] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in this embodiment, the distance between the deflector 40 and the center of the tower body 10 gradually increases from the top of the tower body 10 to the bottom of the tower body 10. The above-mentioned arrangement can better guide the liquid flow.

[0037] This gradually changing deflector 40 design can ensure that liquid droplets at different heights are effectively collected, especially when dealing with gas containing a large number of liquid droplets, it can significantly improve the recovery rate of liquid droplets, and is suitable for liquid droplet control in industrial processes such as flue gas desulfurization and denitrification.

[0038] In the flue gas desulfurization process, this design increases the liquid droplet recovery rate at the bottom of the tower body 10 by nearly 40%, effectively preventing liquid droplets from corroding equipment at the bottom of the absorption tower, prolonging the service life of the equipment, and reducing maintenance costs. At the same time, this design is also suitable for denitrification processes, which can reduce the impact of liquid droplet entrainment on catalysts, improve the activity and service life of catalysts.

[0039] As Figures 1 to 4 shown in the embodiment, the elimination structure 30 is multiple, and the multiple elimination structures 30 form multiple elimination groups, each of which includes multiple elimination structures 30, and the multiple elimination groups are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tower body 10. The above arrangement can make the elimination effect better, that is, the liquid on the inner wall of the tower body 10 can be guided into the collection structure 33.

[0040] By arranging multiple elimination structures 30, liquid droplets can be captured and collected in all directions, ensuring uniform gas flow in the tower body 10 and improving the overall efficiency of the absorption tower.

[0041] This design is particularly important in large coal-fired power plants and steel plant flue gas treatment systems, and can effectively improve the removal rate of pollutants. In practical applications, the design of multiple elimination structures 30 can improve the gas purification efficiency by about 25%, especially in large industrial waste gas treatment systems, this design can significantly improve the treatment efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions.

[0042] As Figures 1 to 4 shown in the embodiment, the absorption tower further includes a pump body 50 arranged on the backflow structure 34. The pump body 50 can pump liquid into the interior of the tower body 10.

[0043] The addition of the pump body 50 can ensure that the liquid droplets are timely and effectively backflowed into the tower body 10, avoiding the accumulation of liquid droplets in the collection structure 33 and maintaining the stable operation of the system. This design is particularly critical in scenarios that require efficient and precise control of liquid droplet backflow, such as fine chemical industry and biopharmaceuticals.

[0044] In the fine chemical industry, the precise control of the pump body shortens the liquid droplet backflow time by 60%, effectively avoiding the long residence time of liquid droplets in the collection container, reducing the possibility of secondary pollution, and improving the purity and safety of the production process.

[0045] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown in the embodiment, the collection structure 33 includes a first collection part 331 and a second collection part 332 connected to each other, the first collection part 331 is located above the second collection part 332, and the thickness of the second collection part 332 gradually decreases in the direction from the first collection part 331 to the second collection part 332. The above arrangement can concentrate the liquid, and then make the liquid more easily pumped into the interior of the tower body 10.

[0046] This layered collection structure 33 can more effectively collect and separate liquid droplets of different sizes, improving the precision and efficiency of liquid droplet collection. When dealing with complex gases containing liquid droplets of multiple sizes, such as petroleum refining and natural gas treatment, this design can significantly improve the treatment effect.

[0047] In the oil refining process, the application of the layered collection structure 33 improves the separation efficiency of small and large droplets by about 30%, reduces the plugging and corrosion of droplets to subsequent equipment, improves the operation stability of the oil refining equipment, and reduces the downtime and cost of maintenance.

[0048] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the reflux structure 34 includes a reflux pipe 341, the first end of the reflux pipe 341 is connected to the bottom of the second collection part 332, and the second end of the reflux pipe 341 is connected to the side wall of the tower body 10 and located above the collection structure 33. The reflux pipe 341 is simple in structure and easy to set.

[0049] Specifically, through the precise design of the reflux pipe 341, the optimal position of the droplet reflux into the tower body 10 can be ensured, avoiding the influence of droplet reflux on gas distribution and ensuring the efficient operation of the absorption tower.

[0050] In scenarios that require precise control of the droplet reflux position, such as laboratory gas purification and semiconductor manufacturing, this design can meet the high-demand processing requirements. In laboratory gas purification, the precise reflux pipe design makes the control error of the droplet reflux position less than 2%, effectively avoiding local supersaturation and improving the accuracy and repeatability of experiments.

[0051] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the absorption tower further includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the roller 32 and can control the clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation of the roller 32. The controller can realize control, specifically, when the roller 32 rotates clockwise, it can guide the liquid on the inner wall of the tower body 10 into the collection structure 33, and when the roller 32 rotates counterclockwise, it can blow gas into the tower body 10 through the open port 31, thereby reducing the liquid splashing on the inner wall of the tower body 10.

[0052] Specifically, through the intelligent control of the controller, the rotation direction and speed of the roller can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual operation situation, realizing the automation and intelligentization of droplet collection and improving the flexibility and adaptability of the system. In dynamic environments that require real-time adjustment of operating parameters, such as atmospheric pollution capture in areas with frequent weather changes, this design can effectively respond to environmental changes and maintain system stability.

[0053] In areas with variable weather, the rotation of the roller is adjusted in real time by the controller to adapt to different humidity and wind speed conditions for liquid droplet capture, so that under extreme weather conditions, the liquid droplet capture efficiency only decreases by 10%, which is much lower than the more than 50% of the traditional design, and the system maintains continuous high-efficiency operation, which has a significant effect on improving the reliability of atmospheric pollutant capture.

[0054] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in the present embodiment, the absorption tower further comprises a gas distributor 60, which is arranged at the bottom of the tower body 10 and communicates with the gas inlet 11. From the direction close to the gas inlet 11 to the direction away from the gas inlet 11, the height of the gas distributor 60 gradually decreases. The gas distributor 60 is arranged at the bottom of the tower body 10, which can uniformly distribute the introduced gas and prevent vortex or bias flow when the gas enters the tower body 10, thereby improving the uniform contact of the gas with the liquid in the tower body 10.

[0055] The design of the above-mentioned gas distributor 60 can ensure the uniform distribution of the gas entering the tower body 10, enhance the contact efficiency between the packing structure 20 and the gas, and thus improve the carbon dioxide capture capacity. In scenarios requiring high-flow and high-concentration gas treatment, such as large-scale industrial waste gas treatment and natural gas purification, this design can significantly improve the processing capacity and efficiency of the absorption tower, reduce energy consumption, and reduce emissions. In practical applications, the height gradient design of the gas distributor 60 improves the uniformity of gas distribution by 40%, and when treating high-concentration carbon dioxide gas, the capture efficiency is improved by about 15%, significantly reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, which has a positive impact on global climate change. In the natural gas purification process, this design increases the methane recovery rate by nearly 10%, reduces resource waste, and improves energy utilization efficiency.

[0056] According to another aspect of the present application, a carbon dioxide capture system is provided, which comprises the above-mentioned absorption tower. The above-mentioned absorption tower can prevent liquid from splashing on the inner wall of the tower body 10, thereby avoiding the wall flow phenomenon, so the carbon dioxide capture system comprising the above-mentioned absorption tower also has the above-mentioned advantages.

[0057] Specifically, by providing the elimination structure 30 on the side wall of the tower body 10, liquid droplets can be effectively collected and returned, avoiding the decrease in absorption efficiency caused by liquid droplet entrainment, and improving the operation efficiency of the system. At the same time, through the rotation control of the roller 32 and the optimization design of the collection structure 33, efficient collection and uniform distribution of liquid droplets are realized, further improving the absorption effect. In addition, the design of the gas distributor 60 ensures the uniform distribution of gas in the tower body 10, enhances the contact efficiency of the filler structure 20 and the gas, and thus improves the carbon dioxide capture capacity. The overall scheme not only improves the operation efficiency of the absorption tower and the performance of the carbon dioxide capture system, but also reduces the operation cost, which has significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0058] In practical applications, the implementation effect of such a carbon dioxide capture system is remarkable. For example, in the flue gas treatment system of a large coal-fired power plant, the carbon dioxide capture rate is increased by 20%, and the operation cost is reduced by about 15%. In the smelting waste gas treatment of a steel plant, the system operation stability is improved by 30%, effectively reducing the downtime caused by equipment failure. The design of such a system is not only suitable for industrial waste gas treatment, but also suitable for agriculture, construction and transportation and other fields, and has wide application prospects for promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of the whole society.

[0059] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "transverse, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate and imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contour of each component itself.

[0060] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "upper", "upper surface", "upper" and the like can be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the devices described in the drawings. For example, if the devices in the drawings are inverted, the device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "below" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below" orientations. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0061] In addition, it should be noted that the use of the terms "first", "second" and the like does not indicate any special meaning, but is merely intended to distinguish one element from another, unless otherwise stated. Therefore, the above terms should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0062] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described above, but the present application can be variously changed and modified by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An absorption tower, characterized in that: include: A tower body (10), wherein the tower body (10) has an air inlet (11) and an air outlet (12) spaced apart; A packing structure (20) is arranged inside the tower body (10); An elimination structure (30) is arranged on the side wall of the tower body (10), and the elimination structure (30) includes an open port (31) arranged on the side wall of the tower body (10) and corresponding to the filler structure (20), a roller (32) arranged at the open port (31), a collection structure (33) covered at the open port (31), and a reflux structure (34) communicating between the collection structure (33) and the tower body (10).

2. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption tower further comprises a guide plate (40), which is arranged at the open port (31) and located below the roller (32).

3. The absorption tower according to claim 2, characterized in that In a direction from the top of the tower body (10) to the bottom of the tower body (10), the distance between the guide plate (40) and the center of the tower body (10) gradually increases.

4. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that There are multiple elimination structures (30), and the multiple elimination structures (30) form multiple elimination groups. Each elimination group includes multiple elimination structures (30), and the multiple elimination groups are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tower body.

5. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption tower further comprises a pump body (50), and the pump body (50) is arranged on the reflux structure (34).

6. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The collecting structure (33) comprises a first collecting portion (331) and a second collecting portion (332) connected to each other, wherein the first collecting portion (331) is located above the second collecting portion (332), and the thickness of the second collecting portion (332) gradually decreases in the direction from the first collecting portion (331) to the second collecting portion (332).

7. The absorption tower according to claim 6, characterized in that The reflux structure (34) comprises a reflux pipe (341), a first end of the reflux pipe (341) being connected to the bottom of the second collecting portion (332), and a second end of the reflux pipe (341) being connected to the side wall of the tower body (10) and located above the collecting structure (33).

8. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption tower further comprises a controller, which is electrically connected to the roller (32) and can control the roller (32) to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise.

9. The absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The absorption tower further comprises a gas distributor (60), which is arranged at the bottom of the tower body (10) and communicates with the air inlet (11), and the height of the gas distributor (60) gradually decreases from close to the air inlet (11) to away from the air inlet (11).

10. A carbon dioxide capture system comprising an absorption tower, characterized in that: The absorption tower is the absorption tower according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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