Complex curved surface multilayer interconnection structure electrofluid jet printing device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of advanced manufacturing, and discloses a jet printing device and method for electrofluid with a complex curved surface and a multi-layer interconnection structure, and the device comprises a bed body module which meets the movement requirement in the jet printing process; the jet printing module is used for jet printing processing, distance measurement compensation, laser curing and monitoring; and the parameter control module is used for pattern laying, path planning, equipment driving and process parameter regulation and control. The control method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a conformal functional structure on the surface of the complex curved surface workpiece as a bottom functional structure layer; the material jet-printed on the bottom layer functional structure is subjected to laser in-situ curing and sintering to realize preparation of a spatial interconnection structure; jet printing a functional layer between the spatial interconnection structures; jet printing a top end functional structure; and repeating the above steps until the preparation of the multi-layer functional circuit structure is completed. The device disclosed by the invention solves the problems of multi-material, high-efficiency, damage-free, high-precision and integrated preparation of the conformal multilayer interconnection structure with the complex curved surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of advanced manufacturing technology and relates to an electrofluid printing device and method for a complex curved surface multi-layer interconnected structure. Background Art

[0002] Multilayer interconnect structures, such as packaged antennas, multilayer interconnected stereo circuits, and multifunctional skins, have the characteristics of multilayer heterogeneity and interlayer interconnection, and have the advantages of high integration, strong mechanical strength and flexibility, and high design freedom. They are widely used in modern science and technology and industry. In order to meet the high demand for the development of miniaturization and integration of new generation electronic products, high-precision and high-efficiency manufacturing of complex curved multilayer interconnect structures is the key content and growth point of related industries.

[0003] The traditional preparation process of multi-layer interconnection structures is mainly based on the simple stacking of printed circuit board (PCB) technology. The process requires multiple lithography, stacking bonding, electroplating, etc. The entire process is complicated, inefficient, and wastes a lot of materials. It will also produce a lot of toxic substances, causing serious damage to the environment. In addition, traditional technology can only use flexible finished product cladding to manufacture multi-layer interconnection structures with curved surface features. Its poor conformal accuracy seriously restricts the further development of multi-layer interconnection structures. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new processes and manufacturing methods to replace traditional PCB processes to solve the defects in the manufacturing of existing complex curved multi-layer interconnection structures. Printing technology has the characteristics of spatial freedom and is easy to achieve conformal manufacturing of curved surfaces. Therefore, it has great potential in the manufacturing of complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures. However, the manufacturing accuracy of traditional inkjet printing, 3D printing, and aerosol printing technologies is limited by the size of the nozzle, making it difficult to achieve high-precision manufacturing of fine structures in complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures. Electrofluidic printing technology is a new type of inkjet printing method that uses electric field force to "pull" ink onto the substrate. Compared with "extrusion" printing, its manufacturing resolution and accuracy are significantly improved. For complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures, electrofluidic printing technology can not only use electrojet to manufacture fine structures on demand, but also achieve large-area deposition of the dielectric layer through electrospraying. It is an ideal manufacturing method for complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose an improved printing device and method to achieve high-precision, high-efficiency, high-performance, and multi-material integrated manufacturing of complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, some embodiments of the present invention propose an electro-fluid printing device with a complex curved multi-layer interconnected structure, which includes a bed module, a printing module and a parameter control module; the bed module is formed based on a five-axis vertical machine tool to realize the movement requirements during the printing process; the printing module is used to realize printing processing, distance measurement compensation, laser curing and monitoring; the parameter control module is used to realize graphic draping, path planning, equipment driving, process parameter regulation, and provide an operating platform for human-computer interaction; wherein, the printing module includes an auxiliary X / Y displacement platform, a positioning camera, a laser curing device, a micro-displacement platform, a laser rangefinder, a material storage tube, an auxiliary Z axis, an electro-fluid printing valve, an observation camera, an auxiliary U axis spray The head replacement device; the auxiliary Z axis is fixed on the first adapter plate, and the first adapter plate is fixed on the support plate; the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform surface is fixed on the second adapter plate, and the second adapter plate is fixed on the auxiliary Z axis; the electrostatic spray printing valve is fixed on the third adapter plate through the first clamp; the laser rangefinder, the positioning camera, the laser curing device and the material storage tube are all fixed on the third adapter plate through the first clamp, and the material storage tube is also connected to the electrostatic spray printing valve; the observation camera is fixed on the third adapter plate through the micro-displacement stage; the auxiliary U axis is fixed on the support plate through the fourth adapter plate; the nozzle replacement device is fixed to the auxiliary U axis through the second clamp.

[0006] In some embodiments, the bed module includes a Z-axis, an X-axis, a saddle, a Y-axis, a slide, a column, a B / C rotating axis, a support seat, a bed and a turntable; the bed serves as a bearing base, and the support seat and the column are respectively installed on the bed; the column and the support seat serve as mounting supports for the B / C rotating axis; the X-axis is fixed to the upper surface of the column; the Y-axis is fixed to the lower surface of the saddle, and the saddle plays a role of stability and sliding; the Z-axis is fixed to the back of the support plate of the printing module; the turntable worktable is fixed to the upper surface of the B / C rotating axis, and the turntable worktable is used to fix the workpiece on the B / C rotating axis; the slide is installed on the upper surface of the column, and the slide is used to realize the sliding of the X-axis and / or the Y-axis, and at the same time bear the saddle and the Z-axis.

[0007] In some embodiments, the parameter control module includes an operation panel, an electric field controller, a flow field controller, an industrial computer, a printing module drive box, a machine tool drive box and a chassis; the machine tool drive box controls the movement of the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis and B / C-axis, and communicates with the industrial computer; the industrial computer realizes the movement control of the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform, the auxiliary Z-axis and the auxiliary U-axis through the printing module drive box; the output end of the flow field control is connected to the electro-jet printing valve storage device to realize the supply of printing materials, and the input end of the flow field control communicates with the industrial computer to realize the regulation of liquid supply parameters; the output end of the electric field controller is connected to the electro-jet printing valve to realize the establishment of the electric field between the nozzle and the substrate, and the input end of the electric field controller communicates with the industrial control to realize the adjustment of electrical parameters; the operation surface is connected to the industrial computer to provide a visual operation interface; the machine tool drive box, the printing module drive box, the industrial computer, the flow field controller, the electric field controller and the operation panel are all installed in the chassis.

[0008] In some embodiments, the observation phase is communicatively connected to the industrial computer, and the industrial computer directly displays the collected image on the operation surface to realize real-time monitoring of the printing process; the laser curing device is communicatively connected to the industrial computer, and the operation surface adjusts the laser parameters through the industrial computer to assist the curing and sintering of the electrospray valve spray material; the laser rangefinder is communicatively connected to the industrial computer, and the collected height information is transmitted to the operation panel through the industrial computer for display; the positioning camera is communicatively connected to the industrial computer, and the operation panel analyzes and marks the positioning information through the industrial computer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform, the auxiliary Z axis, and the auxiliary U axis are controlled by the industrial computer, and the nozzle replacement device and the second fixture are used to complete the replacement of the nozzle.

[0010] Other embodiments of the present application propose a method for electrofluidic printing of a complex curved multi-layer interconnected structure, which is implemented based on any one of the printing devices described above; wherein the multi-layer interconnected structure is manufactured based on electrofluidic printing technology.

[0011] In some embodiments, the entire multi-layer interconnect structure preparation process is implemented in situ on the printing device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the electro-fluid printing method for a complex curved multi-layer interconnected structure includes the following steps: Step 1: Fix the workpiece on a turntable workpiece, determine the starting point and manufacturing size range, and functional structure type of the workpiece printing manufacturing; Step 2: Import the workpiece model into a dedicated paving and path planning software, pave the first functional node onto the workpiece surface, complete the preliminary path planning, and generate a CNC G code path trajectory program based on the first functional node through the industrial computer after post-processing; Step 3: Install the functional material storage tube containing the first functional structure material into the electro-fluid printing valve, connect the flow field controller output port to the storage tube, and connect the electric field control output port to the electro-fluid printing valve; turn on the observation camera, positioning camera, laser curing, and laser ranging; Step Step 4: According to the type of functional structure, with the help of the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform, auxiliary Z axis, auxiliary U axis, and nozzle replacement device, complete the selection and replacement of nozzles suitable for the functional node, and conduct trial printing; Step 5: Start the CNC G code trajectory program of the first functional node, and the laser distance measurement will perform multi-point distance measurement on the printing path, and perform real-time compensation of the printing height according to the distance measurement value, and execute the printing program in sequence according to the trajectory program; Step 6: The operation surface displays the current printing status in real time and records the position of the functional structure defects according to the real-time printing effect. After the printing is completed, repair the defective position according to the recorded defective position; Step 7: Import the model of the workpiece that has completed the printing of the first functional structure into the structural paving and path planning software, and import the second functional structure into the workpiece. Lay it on the surface of the first functional structure, complete the preliminary path planning, and generate a CNC G code path trajectory program based on the second functional structure after the industrial computer completes the processing; Step 8: Replace the nozzle suitable for the second functional structure, connect the replacement material storage with the second functional structure to the electrostatic printing valve, adjust the flow field parameters, electric field parameters, and laser curing parameters through the operation surface, and conduct a trial printing; Step 9: Start the CNC G code trajectory program of the second functional structure, the operation surface displays the current printing status in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the printing effect. After the printing is completed, repair the printing according to the recorded defective position; Step 10: Complete the model of the workpiece with the first functional structure and the second functional structure printed Import the structural paving and path planning software, split the functional layer into linear structures and superimpose them on the workpiece surface to complete the preliminary path planning, and generate a CNC G code path trajectory program based on the functional layer after the industrial computer completes the post-processing; Step 11: Replace the nozzle suitable for the functional layer, connect the replaced material storage tube with the functional layer material to the electrospray printing valve, adjust the flow field parameters and electric field parameters through the operation panel to form the electrospray printing state, adjust the laser curing parameters, and conduct trial printing; Step 12: Start the CNC G code trajectory program for the functional layer, the operation panel displays the current printing state in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the printing effect. After the printing is completed, repair printing is performed according to the recorded defective position;Step 13: Import the workpiece model with the first functional structure, the second functional structure and the functional layer printed into the structural paving and path planning software, paving the third functional structure on the surface of the functional layer, completing the preliminary path planning, and generating the CNC G code path trajectory program based on the third functional structure after the industrial computer completes the post-processing; Step 14: Replace the nozzle suitable for the third functional structure, replace the material storage tube with the third functional structure into the electro-jet printing valve, and rectify the field parameters and electric field parameters through the operation panel to form a suitable cone jet for trial printing; Step 15: Start the CNC G code trajectory program for the third functional structure, the operation panel displays the current printing status in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the printing effect. After the printing is completed, repair the printing according to the recorded defective position; Step 16: According to the new model, adjust the corresponding materials, printing parameters and CNC G code trajectory program, and repeat the above steps 7 and 15 to realize the electro-jet printing manufacturing of multi-layer interconnected structures with more layers. ;

[0013] In some embodiments, the first functional structure includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, and dielectric ink; the second functional structure includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, and dielectric ink; the material of the functional layer includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, and dielectric ink; the third functional structure includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, and dielectric ink.

[0014] In some embodiments, during the process of printing the first functional structure, a laser curing device is used to perform in-situ curing and sintering.

[0015] In some embodiments, the materials printed on the first functional structure and the second functional structure are prepared by laser in-situ solidification and sintering to achieve a spatial interconnection structure; a functional layer is printed between the spatial interconnection structures, and the functional layer satisfies the exposure of the top of the spatial interconnection structure; in the process of printing the functional layer, a laser solidifier is used to achieve in-situ solidification and sintering of the functional layer.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: the present invention provides a method and device for manufacturing a complex curved surface multi-layer interconnected structure by electrofluid printing. The motion platform based on the five-axis motion machine tool can adjust the posture position of the workpiece during the printing process. Since it has five degrees of freedom, the posture of the workpiece with any curved surface shape can be adjusted. On the basis of the five-axis motion platform, the electrofluid printing part moves the printing valve to the specified position to start printing. Due to the various sizes and shapes of the functional structure, a nozzle replacement device is designed, and the printing valve can automatically change the nozzle type according to the functional structure. In order to compensate for the morphological error of the workpiece surface to meet the requirements of conformal manufacturing, the path measurement of the workpiece surface is carried out before the start of printing, and the distance measurement data is compensated into the printing height during the printing process to achieve constant printing height and stable manufacturing of functional structures. In order to realize the multi-material high-precision electrofluid printing manufacturing of spatial interconnected structures, fine functional structures and functional layers, a laser curing device is used to achieve real-time curing according to the printing path. During the printing process, a professional CNC G code program is generated by the path planning software to ensure the conformal printing manufacturing of complex surfaces. The electrojet printing valve uses a professionally developed flow field controller and electric field controller to achieve parameter adjustment, realizing multi-material, high-precision, and high-efficiency on-demand printing. The method and device described in the present invention have the advantages of reliable structure, fast manufacturing efficiency, high printing accuracy, wide material applicability, and automated printing path. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an electrofluidic printing device for a complex curved multi-layer interconnected structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a printing module device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of electrofluid printing of a bottom functional structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of electrofluid printing of a spatially interconnected functional structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of electrofluidic printing of a functional layer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of electrofluid printing of a top functional structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1 operation panel; 2 electric field controller; 3 flow field controller; 4 industrial computer; 5 printing module drive box; 6 machine tool drive box; 7 chassis; 8 Z axis; 200 printing module; 10 X axis; 11 saddle; 12 Y axis; 13 slide; 14 column; 15 B / C rotating axis; 16 support seat; 17 bed; 18 turntable; 19 workpiece; 20 functional structure; 21 functional structure; 22 functional layer; 23 functional structure; 91 support plate; 92 adapter plate; 93 adapter plate; 94 auxiliary X / Y displacement platform; 95 adapter plate; 96 positioning camera; 97 laser curing device; 98 adapter plate; 99 micro displacement stage; 910 fixture; 911 laser rangefinder; 912 auxiliary Z axis; 913 bolt; 914 material storage tube; 915 electrojet valve; 916 observation camera; 917 auxiliary U axis; 918 fixture; 919 nozzle replacement device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the specific implementation modes of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] In the present application, the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis B / C rotation axes refer to motion mechanisms in corresponding directions, respectively, wherein the X, Y, Z, B, and C directions are the directions represented by the coordinate systems in the accompanying drawings, respectively. The X-axis may refer to an X-axis motion module, which may include an X-axis drive unit, an X-axis linear guide, and an X-axis slider, wherein the X-axis drive unit may include, for example, an X-axis servo motor, an X-axis lead screw, and an X-axis nut; the Y-axis may refer to a Y-axis motion module, which may include a Y-axis drive unit, a Y-axis linear guide, and a Y-axis slider, wherein the Y-axis drive unit may include, for example, a Y-axis servo motor, a Y-axis lead screw, and a Y-axis nut; the Z-axis may refer to a Z-axis motion module, which may include a Z-axis drive unit, a Z-axis linear guide, and a Z-axis slider, wherein the Z-axis drive unit may include, for example, a Z-axis servo motor, a Z-axis lead screw, and a Z-axis nut. The B / C rotating axis can be a composite structure of the B axis and the C axis, wherein the B axis motion module can include a B axis rotating worktable; a B axis servo motor, a B axis encoder, a B axis reducer, etc.; the C axis motion module can include a C axis rotating spindle; a C axis servo motor, a C axis encoder, a C axis reducer, etc.

[0020] Similarly, the auxiliary X / Y axis refers to a composite motion module in the X / Y direction, which also includes a drive unit, a guide rail and a slider; the auxiliary Z axis is a motion module in the Z direction, which also includes a drive unit, a guide rail and a slider; the auxiliary U axis is a motion module in a direction parallel to the X axis, which also includes a drive unit, a guide rail and a slider.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, a complex curved multi-layer interconnected structure electrofluid printing device includes a bed module 100, a printing module 200 and a parameter control module 300. The bed module 100 is based on a five-axis vertical machine tool to meet the movement requirements during the printing process; the printing module 200 is used to realize printing processing, ranging compensation, laser curing, monitoring and other functions; the parameter control module 300 is used to realize graphic overlay, path planning, equipment driving, process parameter regulation and other functions, providing an operating platform for human-computer interaction of the printing device.

[0022] Likewise Figure 1 As shown, the bed module 100 includes a Z axis 8, an X axis 10, a saddle 11, a Y axis 12, a slide 13, a column 14, a B / C rotating axis 15, a support seat 16, a bed 17 and a turntable table 18. Among them, the X axis 10 is fixed to the upper surface of the column 14; the Y axis 12 is fixed to the lower surface of the saddle 11; the Z axis 8 is fixed to the back of the pallet 91; the B / C rotating axis 15 is fixed to the column 14 and the support seat 16, and the turntable table 18 is fixed to the upper surface of the B / C rotating axis 15. The column 14 is installed above the bed 17; the slide 13 is installed on the upper surface of the column 14; and the support seat 16 is installed on the bed 17. The bed 17 is the bearing foundation of the machine tool, which is provided for the installation of various components above the machine tool; the column 14 and the support seat 16 are the mounting supports of the B / C rotating shaft 15, which play the role of fixing the B / C rotating shaft 15; the slide 13 is a bearing and sliding component, which determines the sliding of the X-axis 10 and the Y-axis 12, and bears the weight of the saddle 11 and the Z-axis 8; the saddle 11 is the base for fixing the Z-axis 8, which plays a role of stability and sliding; the turntable worktable 18 is responsible for fixing the workpiece on the B / C rotating shaft 15. The bed 17, the column 14, the slide 13, the saddle 11, and the support seat 16 are all components that are processed by casting, and together form a complete bed module structure, providing installation support for other functional parts. The Z-axis 8 is located on the front surface of the saddle 11 and carries the printing module 200 through the pallet 91, and the B / C rotating shaft 15 is installed on the column 14 and the support seat 16.

[0023] like Figure 2As shown, the printing module 200 includes an auxiliary X / Y displacement platform 94, a positioning camera 96, a laser curing device 97, a micro-displacement stage 99, a laser rangefinder 911, an auxiliary Z axis 912, a material storage tube 914, an electrostatic printing valve 915, an observation camera 916, an auxiliary U axis 917, and a nozzle replacement device 919. Among them, the auxiliary Z-axis 912 is fixed on the adapter plate 92, and the adapter plate 92 is fixed to the support plate 91 by bolts 913; the upper surface of the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform 94 is fixed on the adapter plate 93, and the adapter plate 93 is L-shaped and fixed to the auxiliary Z-axis 912; the electrospray valve 915 is fixed to the adapter plate 95 by the clamp 910; the laser rangefinder 911 is fixed to the adapter plate 95 by the clamp 910; the positioning camera 96 ​​is fixed to the adapter plate 95 by the clamp 910; the adapter plate 95 is L-shaped and fixed to the lower surface of the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform 94; the observation camera 916 is fixed to the adapter plate 95 by the micro-displacement stage 99; the laser curing device 97 is fixed to the adapter plate 95 by the micro-displacement stage 99; the auxiliary U-axis 917 is fixed to the support plate 91 by the adapter plate 98; the nozzle replacement device 919 is fixed to the auxiliary U-axis 917 by the clamp 918. The material storage tube 914 is connected to the electro-jet printing valve 915 and fixed on the adapter plate 95 through the clamp 910. The above printing components are coordinated by the industrial computer 4 to complete the electro-fluid printing of functional materials, such as the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform 94, the auxiliary Z axis 912, and the auxiliary U axis 917. The nozzle replacement device 919 is used to complete the selection of nozzle sizes corresponding to different functional structures and the test spraying of the electro-jet printing valve 915. Before the printing work begins, the functional material storage tube 914 is installed on the electrostatic printing valve 915, and the flow field controller 3 and the electric field controller 2 are connected, which determine the parameter adjustment during the printing process. At the same time, the laser rangefinder 911, the positioning camera 96, the observation camera 916, and the laser curing device 97 are turned on. The laser rangefinder 911 can be used to compensate for the surface morphology error of the workpiece. The positioning camera 96 ​​can be used to quickly and accurately locate the starting point of the printing. The observation camera 916 can monitor the printing quality and printing status in real time. The laser curing device 97 can be used to cure or sinter the functional structure in real time.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, the parameter control module 300 includes an operation panel 1, an electric field controller 2, a flow field controller 3, an industrial computer 4, a printing module drive box 5, a machine tool drive box 6, and a chassis 7. The machine tool drive box 6 is respectively connected to the X-axis 10, the Y-axis 12, the Z-axis 8, and the B / C rotation axis 15, and communicates with the industrial computer 4 to realize the power supply and motion control of the motor module. Through the linkage between the five axes, the five-degree-of-freedom processing of the motion platform is realized, which solves the device problem of conformal manufacturing of complex curved surface multi-layer interconnected structures. The industrial computer 4 is connected with the operation panel 1, the electric field controller 2, the flow field controller 3, the industrial computer 4, the printing module drive box 5, and the machine tool drive box 6. The industrial computer 4 realizes the motion control of the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform 94, the auxiliary Z axis 912, and the auxiliary U axis 917 through the printing module drive box 5; the output end of the flow field controller 3 is connected to the electrostatic printing valve storage 914 to realize the supply of printing materials, and the input end communicates with the industrial computer 4 to realize the regulation of liquid supply parameters; the output end of the electric field controller 2 is connected to the electrostatic printing valve 121 to realize the establishment of the electric field between the nozzle and the substrate, and the input end communicates with the industrial computer 4 to realize the adjustment of electrical parameters; the operation panel 1 is connected to the industrial computer 4 to provide a visual operation interface; the machine tool drive box 6, the printing module drive box 5, the industrial computer 4, the flow field controller 3, the electric field controller 2, and the operation panel 1 are installed in the chassis 7. The above control modules cooperate with each other to realize the on-demand printing manufacturing of multi-layer heterogeneous structures.

[0025] The industrial computer 4 can control the movement of the machine tool through the CNC G code program of the functional structure completed by post-processing; by controlling the flow field controller 3 to provide a stable driving force for the material storage tube 914, the on-demand supply of functional materials can be realized; by controlling the electric field controller 2 to create a high-voltage electric field for the electro-jet printing valve 915, various forms of electro-jet printing manufacturing can be realized under the appropriate flow supply and electric field. On the basis of the above, the G code program in conjunction with the five-axis motion platform will carry out the printing manufacturing of complex curved surface multi-layer interconnected structures.

[0026] The observation camera 916 communicates with the industrial computer 4, and directly displays the collected image on the operation panel 1 through the industrial computer 4, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the printing process; the laser curing device 97 communicates with the industrial computer 4, and the operation panel 1 adjusts the curing laser parameters through the industrial computer 4, and assists the curing and sintering of the spray material of the electrostatic printing valve 915; the laser rangefinder 911 communicates with the industrial computer 4, and transmits the collected height information to the operation panel 1 through the industrial computer 4; the positioning camera 96 ​​communicates with the industrial computer 4, and the operation panel 1 analyzes and marks the positioning information through the industrial computer 4.

[0027] The auxiliary X / Y displacement platform 94, the auxiliary Z axis 912, and the auxiliary U axis 917 can be controlled by the industrial computer 4, and the nozzle replacement device 919 and the fixture 918 can be used to complete the replacement of the nozzle.

[0028] Some embodiments of the present application also disclose an electrofluidic printing method for a complex curved multilayer interconnected structure, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned printing device. First, a conformal functional structure is prepared on the surface of a complex curved workpiece by using electrofluidic printing technology as a bottom functional structure layer; second, the material printed on the bottom functional structure is solidified and sintered by laser in-situ to achieve the preparation of a spatial interconnected structure; third, a functional layer is printed between the spatial interconnected structures, and the functional layer must meet the requirement of exposing the top of the spatial interconnected structure; fourth, the top functional structure is printed; finally, the second to fourth steps are repeated until the preparation of the multilayer functional circuit structure is completed.

[0029] The above method may specifically include: Step 1: Fix the complex curved surface workpiece 19 on the turntable workbench 18, and determine the starting point, manufacturing size range, and functional structure type of the workpiece 19 for printing.

[0030] Step 2: Import the workpiece 19 model into the dedicated paving and path planning software, pave the first functional structure 20 onto the surface of the workpiece 19, complete the preliminary path planning, and generate a CNC G code path trajectory program based on the first functional structure 20 after post-processing by the industrial computer.

[0031] Step 3: Install the functional material storage tube 914 containing the material of the first functional structure 20 into the electrojet printing valve 915, connect the output port of the flow field controller 3 to the storage tube 914, and connect the output port of the electric field controller 2 to the electrojet printing valve 915. Turn on the observation camera 916, the positioning camera 96, the laser curing device 97, and the laser rangefinder 911.

[0032] Step 4: Start the electro-fluid printing control software, and select and replace the nozzle suitable for the first functional structure 20 with the help of the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform 94, auxiliary Z axis 912, auxiliary U axis 917, and nozzle replacement device 919 according to the functional structure type, and perform trial printing.

[0033] Step 5: Start the CNC G code trajectory program of the first functional structure 20, the laser rangefinder 911 will perform multi-point distance measurement on the printing path, perform real-time compensation of the printing height according to the distance measurement value, and then execute the printing program in sequence according to the trajectory program.

[0034] Step 6: The operation panel 1 displays the current printing status in real time and records the position of the functional structure defects according to the printing effect. After the printing is completed, repair printing is performed according to the recorded defect position.

[0035] Step 7: Import the model of the workpiece 19 with the first functional structure 20 printed into the structural paving and path planning software, pave the second functional structure 21 onto the surface of the functional mechanism 20, complete the preliminary path planning, and generate a CNC G code path trajectory program based on the second functional structure 21 after post-processing by the industrial computer.

[0036] Step 8: Replace the nozzle suitable for the structure 21, connect the material storage tube 914 equipped with the second functional structure 21 to the electrostatic printing valve 915, adjust the flow field parameters, electric field parameters, and laser curing parameters through the operation panel 1, and perform trial printing.

[0037] Step 9: Start the CNC G code trajectory program of the second functional structure 21, the operation panel 1 displays the current printing status in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the printing effect. After the printing is completed, repair printing is performed according to the recorded defective position.

[0038] Step 10: Import the model of the workpiece 19 on which the first functional structure 20 and the second functional structure 21 have been printed into the structural paving and path planning software, split the functional layer 22 into linear structures and overlay them on the surface of the workpiece 19 to complete the preliminary path planning. After the industrial computer completes the post-processing, a CNC G-code path trajectory program based on the functional layer 20 is generated.

[0039] Step 11: Replace the nozzle suitable for the functional layer 22, connect the material storage tube 914 containing the functional layer 22 to the electrospray printing valve 915, adjust the flow field parameters and electric field parameters through the operation panel 1 to form the electrospray printing state, adjust the laser curing parameters, and perform trial printing.

[0040] Step 12: Start the CNC G code trajectory program of the functional layer 22, the operation panel 1 displays the current printing status in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the printing effect. After the printing is completed, repair printing is performed according to the recorded defective position.

[0041] Step 13: Import the model of the workpiece 19 on which the first functional structure 20, the second functional structure 21 and the functional layer 22 are printed into the structural paving and path planning software, and pave the third functional structure 23 on the surface of the functional layer 22 to complete the preliminary path planning. After post-processing by the industrial computer, a CNC G code path trajectory program based on the third functional structure 23 is generated.

[0042] Step 14: Replace the nozzle suitable for the third functional structure 23, connect the replaced material storage tube 914 equipped with the third functional structure 23 to the electrostatic printing valve 915, adjust the flow field parameters and electric field parameters through the operation panel 1, and form a suitable cone jet for trial printing.

[0043] Step 15: Start the CNC G code trajectory program of the third functional structure 23, the operation panel 1 displays the current printing status in real time and records the defect position of the functional structure according to the printing effect. After the printing is completed, repair printing is performed according to the recorded defect position.

[0044] Step 16: According to the new model, after adjusting the corresponding materials, printing parameters and CNC G code trajectory program, the above steps 7 and 15 are repeated to realize the electrospray printing manufacturing of multi-layer interconnected structures with more layers.

[0045] The material of the first functional structure 20 includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, dielectric ink and the like.

[0046] The material of the second functional structure 21 includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, dielectric ink and the like.

[0047] The material of the functional layer 22 includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, dielectric ink and the like.

[0048] Wherein, the material of the third functional structure 23 includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, dielectric ink and the like.

[0049] Before printing and manufacturing the first functional structure 20, first firmly install the workpiece 19 on the turntable workbench 18 and adjust the turntable workbench 18 to a horizontal level, and then determine the starting point for printing and manufacturing. Connect the material storage tube 914 equipped with the first functional structure 20 to the electrostatic printing valve 915, and use the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform 94, the auxiliary Z axis 912, and the auxiliary U axis 917 to replace the nozzle suitable for the functional structure through the nozzle replacement device 919. Import the workpiece 19 model into the industrial computer 4, and lay the first functional structure 20 on the surface of the workpiece 19. After preliminary path planning, post-processing generates a CNC G code trajectory program. A series of process parameters such as appropriate electric field parameters, flow field parameters, printing height parameters and laser curing parameters are set, and the G code of the first functional structure 20 is transmitted to the industrial computer 4. The industrial computer 4 moves the laser rangefinder 911 to the starting point of printing according to the position information fed back by the positioning camera 96. The industrial computer 4 collects the height information on the printing path through the laser rangefinder 911, and controls the auxiliary Z axis 912 through the height information to compensate for the height of the nozzle during the printing process.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the industrial computer 4 sends the start printing command to the machine tool drive box 6, the flow field controller 3, and the electric field controller 2. The material forms a conical jet under the action of the electric field, and uses the laser solidifier 97 to achieve precise solidification and sintering to prevent the flow of the material from affecting the dimensional accuracy of the structure. In conjunction with the movement of the five-axis motion platform, the first functional structure 20 is printed on the surface of the workpiece 19.

[0051] After the first functional structure 20 is printed, the material storage tube 914 containing the material of the spatially interconnected second functional structure 21 and the nozzle suitable for the structure 21 are replaced, the workpiece 19 model after the first functional structure 20 is printed is imported into the industrial computer 4, and the second functional structure 21 is laid on the surface of the structure 20. After preliminary path planning, the CNC G code trajectory program is generated by post-processing, and the corresponding printing process parameters are set. Positioning and height measurement are performed using the positioning camera 96 ​​and the laser rangefinder 911.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, as the nozzle slowly rises, the material is deposited on the surface of the structure 20 in the form of a cone jet under the action of the electric field, and combined with the in-situ curing and sintering of the laser curing device 97, the printing manufacturing of the spatially interconnected second functional structure 21 is achieved.

[0053] The material storage tube with the functional layer 22 and the corresponding nozzle are replaced, and according to the structural size of the functional layer 22, the stacking of the linear structure is simplified, and the linear structure is laid on the surface of the workpiece 19 after the structure 20 and the structure 22 are printed. The linear structure is further used for preliminary path planning and generates a corresponding CNC G code trajectory program, sets a series of process parameters, and uses the positioning camera 96 ​​and the laser rangefinder 911 for positioning and height measurement.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, by adjusting the process parameters, the liquid material is deposited on the surface of the workpiece 19 in the form of electrospray. Through reasonable path planning and laser curing, the density and uniformity of the printed structure are ensured, and the electrospray printing construction of the functional layer 22 is achieved while ensuring that the contact point at the top of the second functional structure 21 is not covered.

[0055] Replace the material storage tube 914 containing the material of the third functional structure 23 and the nozzle suitable for the structure 23, import the model of the workpiece 19 after printing the functional layer 22 into the industrial computer 4, spread the third functional structure 23 on the surface of the functional layer 22, generate the corresponding CNC G code trajectory program, add a series of process parameters, and use the positioning camera 96 ​​and the laser rangefinder 911 for positioning and height measurement.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, the slurry forms a conical jet under the action of the electric field, and the five-axis machine tool moves according to the instructions issued by the industrial computer 4, and prints the third functional structure 23 on the surface of the functional layer 22. The third functional structure 23 forms a good contact with the top of the second functional structure 21 in the space, ensuring that the first functional structure 20 and the third functional structure 23 have good interconnectivity. The laser curing device 97 realizes precise curing and sintering to prevent the flow of the material from affecting the dimensional accuracy of the structure.

[0057] According to different structural needs, the model can be updated, and after the corresponding CNC G code trajectory program is generated, the corresponding materials and electrospray printing parameters can be replaced and the above steps can be repeated to achieve electrospray printing manufacturing of multi-layer interconnected structures with more layers.

[0058] In summary, the present invention provides a method and device for manufacturing complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures by electrofluid printing, which solves the problems of low resolution, low manufacturing efficiency, lack of conformality, and high cost in the current manufacturing of complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures. The proposed method and device for manufacturing complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures by electrofluid printing innovatively designs a special printing machine for complex curved substrates. Through the coordination of five-axis motion adjustment and multi-functional printing modules, it can realize multi-material, high-precision, high-efficiency, and non-destructive manufacturing of multi-layer interconnected structures. It has the characteristics of full-process automation of printing, fast molding, and high precision, and has good application prospects in the fields of precision machining, micro-nano machining, etc.

[0059] The above-described embodiments merely express the implementation methods of the present invention, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A complex curved multi-layer interconnected structure electro-fluid printing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bed module (100), a printing module (200) and a parameter control module (300); the bed module (100) is formed based on a five-axis vertical machine tool to achieve movement requirements during the printing process; the printing module (200) is used to achieve printing processing, distance measurement compensation, laser curing and monitoring; The parameter control module (300) is used to realize graphic overlay, path planning, device driving, process parameter control and / or provide an operation platform for human-computer interaction; wherein the printing module (200) comprises an auxiliary X / Y displacement platform (94), a positioning camera (96), a laser curing device (97), a micro displacement platform (99), a laser rangefinder (911), a material storage tube (914), an auxiliary Z axis (912), an electrostatic printing valve (915), an observation camera (916), an auxiliary U axis (917) and a nozzle replacement device (919); the auxiliary Z axis (912) is fixed on a first adapter plate (92), and the first adapter plate (92) is fixed on a support plate (91); the upper surface of the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform (94) is fixed on a second adapter plate (93), and the second adapter plate ( The electrojet printing valve (915) is fixed to the auxiliary Z axis (912) through a first clamp (910); the laser rangefinder (911), the positioning camera (96), the laser curing device (97) and the material storage tube (914) are all fixed to the third adapter plate (95) through the first clamp (910), wherein the material storage tube (914) is also connected to the electrojet printing valve (915); the observation camera (916) is fixed to the third adapter plate (95) through the micro-displacement stage (99); the auxiliary U axis (917) is fixed to the support plate (91) through a fourth adapter plate (98); and the nozzle replacement device (919) is fixed to the auxiliary U axis (917) through a second clamp (918).

2. The complex curved multi-layer interconnected structure electro-fluid printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bed module (100) comprises a Z-axis (8), an X-axis (10), a saddle (11), a Y-axis (12), a slide (13), a column (14), a B / C rotating axis (15), a support seat (16), a bed (17), and a turntable worktable (18); the bed (17) serves as a bearing base, and the support seat (16) and the column (14) are respectively mounted on the bed (17); the column (14) and the support seat (16) serve as mounting supports for the B / C rotating axis (15); the X-axis (10) is fixed to the upper surface of the column (14); the Y-axis (12) The saddle (11) is fixed to the lower surface of the saddle (11), and the saddle (11) plays a role of stability and sliding; the Z axis (8) is fixed to the back of the support plate (91) of the printing module; the turntable worktable (18) is fixed to the upper surface of the B / C rotating shaft (15), and the turntable worktable (18) is used to fix the workpiece (19) on the B / C rotating shaft (15); the slide seat (13) is installed on the upper surface of the column (14), and the slide seat (13) is used to realize the sliding of the X axis (10) and / or the Y axis (12), and at the same time bear the saddle (11) and the Z axis (8); The control module comprises an operation panel (1), an electric field controller (2), a flow field controller (3), an industrial computer (4), a printing module drive box (5), a machine tool drive box (6) and a machine box (7); the machine tool drive box (6) controls the movement of an X-axis (10), a Y-axis (12), a Z-axis (8) and a B / C-axis (15), and communicates with the industrial computer (4); the industrial computer (4) controls the movement of the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform (94), the auxiliary Z-axis (912) and the auxiliary U-axis (917) through the printing module drive box (5); the output end of the flow field controller (3) is connected to the electro-jet printing valve storage device (914) to realize The printing material is supplied, the input end of the flow field controller (3) communicates with the industrial computer (4) to realize the regulation of the liquid supply parameters; the output end of the electric field controller (2) is connected to the electro-injection valve (121) to realize the establishment of the electric field between the nozzle and the substrate, and the input end of the electric field controller (2) communicates with the industrial computer (4) to realize the regulation of the electric parameters; the operation panel (1) is connected to the industrial computer (4) to provide a visual operation interface; the machine tool drive box (6), the printing module drive box (5), the industrial computer (4), the flow field controller (3), the electric field controller (2) and the operation panel (1) are all installed in the machine box (7).

3. The multi-layer interconnected structure electrofluid printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The observation camera (916) is connected to the industrial computer (4) for communication, and the industrial computer (4) directly displays the collected image on the operation panel (1) to realize real-time monitoring of the printing process; the laser solidifier (97) is connected to the industrial computer (4), and the operation panel (1) adjusts the laser parameters through the industrial computer (4) to assist the electrostatic printing valve (915) in curing and sintering the sprayed material; the laser rangefinder (911) is connected to the industrial computer (4) for communication, and transmits the collected height information to the operation panel (1) through the industrial computer (4) for display; the positioning camera (96) is connected to the industrial computer (4), and the operation panel (1) analyzes and marks the positioning information through the industrial computer (4).

4. The multi-layer interconnection structure electrofluid printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary X / Y displacement platform (94), the auxiliary Z axis (912), and the auxiliary U axis (917) are controlled by the industrial computer (4) to cooperate with the nozzle replacement device (919) and the second fixture (918) to complete the replacement of the nozzle (920).

5. A method for electrofluid printing of complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures, characterized in that: The printing device is implemented based on any one of claims 1 to 4; wherein the multi-layer interconnect structure is manufactured based on electrofluidic printing technology.

6. The electrofluid printing method for complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures according to claim 5, characterized in that: The entire preparation process of the multi-layer interconnection structure is implemented in situ on the printing device.

7. The electrofluid printing method for complex curved multi-layer interconnected structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: fix the workpiece (19) on the turntable workbench (18), and determine the starting point, manufacturing size range, and functional structure type of the workpiece (19) for printing. Step 2: Importing the workpiece (19) model into a dedicated paving and path planning software, paving the first functional structure (20) onto the surface of the workpiece (19), completing preliminary path planning, and performing post-processing on an industrial computer to generate a numerical control G code path trajectory program based on the first functional structure (20); Step 3: Install the functional material storage tube (914) containing the material of the first functional structure (20) into the electro-injection valve (915), connect the output port of the flow field controller (3) to the storage tube (914), and connect the output port of the electric field controller (2) to the electro-injection valve (915); turn on the observation camera (916), the positioning camera (96), the laser curing device (97), and the laser rangefinder (911); Step 4: According to the type of functional structure, the auxiliary X / Y displacement platform (94), the auxiliary Z axis (912), the auxiliary U axis (917), and the nozzle replacement device (919) are used to complete the selection and replacement of the nozzle suitable for the functional structure (20), and test printing is performed; Step 5: starting the numerical control G code path trajectory program of the first functional structure (20), the laser rangefinder (911) will perform multi-point distance measurement on the printing path, perform real-time compensation of the printing height according to the distance measurement value, and execute the printing program in sequence according to the trajectory program; Step 6: The operation panel (1) displays the current printing status in real time and records the position of the functional structure defect according to the real-time printing effect. After the printing is completed, repair printing is performed according to the recorded defect position; Step 7: Importing the model of the workpiece (19) on which the first functional structure (20) is printed into the structure paving and path planning software, paving the second functional structure (21) on the surface of the first functional structure (20), completing the preliminary path planning, and performing post-processing on the industrial computer to generate a numerical control G code path trajectory program based on the second functional structure (21); Step 8: Replace the nozzle with one suitable for the second functional structure (21), connect the material storage tube (914) equipped with the second functional structure (21) to the electro-injection valve (915), adjust the flow field parameters, electric field parameters, and laser curing parameters through the operation panel (1), and perform trial printing; Step 9: starting the CNC G-generation path code trajectory program of the second functional structure (21), the operation panel (1) displays the current printing status in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the printing effect, and after the printing is completed, repair printing is performed according to the recorded defective position; Step 10: importing the model of the workpiece (19) on which the first functional structure (20) and the second functional structure (21) are printed into a structural cladding and path planning software, splitting the functional layer (22) into linear structures and superimposing them on the surface of the workpiece (19), completing preliminary path planning, and performing post-processing on an industrial computer to generate a numerical control G code path trajectory program based on the functional layer (22); Step 11: Replace a nozzle suitable for the functional layer (22), connect the material storage tube (914) containing the functional layer (22) to the electrospray printing valve (915), adjust the flow field parameters and electric field parameters through the operation panel (1) to form an electrospray printing state, adjust the laser curing parameters, and perform a test printing; Step 12: starting the numerical control G code trajectory program for the functional layer (22), the operation panel (1) displays the current printing status in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the printing effect, and after the printing is completed, performing repair printing according to the recorded defective position; Step 13: importing the model of the workpiece (19) on which the first functional structure (20), the second functional structure (21) and the functional layer (22) are printed into a structure paving and path planning software, paving the third functional structure (23) on the surface of the functional layer (22), completing preliminary path planning, and performing post-processing on an industrial computer to generate a numerical control G code path trajectory program based on the third functional structure (23); Step 14: Replace a nozzle suitable for the third functional structure (23), connect the material storage tube (914) equipped with the third functional structure (23) to the electro-injection valve (915), adjust the flow field parameters and electric field parameters through the operation panel (1), form a suitable cone jet and perform trial printing; Step 15: starting the numerical control G code trajectory program for the third functional structure (23), the operation panel (1) displays the current printing status in real time and records the defect position of the functional structure according to the printing effect, and after the printing is completed, performing repair printing according to the recorded defect position; Step 16: After adjusting the corresponding materials, printing parameters and CNC G code trajectory program according to the new model, repeating the above steps 7 to 15 can realize the electrospray printing manufacturing of multi-layer interconnected structures with more layers.

8. The electrofluid printing method for complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material of the first functional structure (20) includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, and dielectric ink; the material of the second functional structure (21) includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, or dielectric ink; the material of the functional layer (22) includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, or dielectric ink; and the material of the third functional structure (23) includes conductive metal ink, conductive polymer, or dielectric ink.

9. The electrofluid printing method for complex curved multi-layer interconnected structures according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the process of printing the first functional structure, a laser curing device is used to perform in-situ curing and sintering.

10. The electrofluid printing method of complex curved multi-layer interconnected structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The materials printed on the first functional structure and the second functional structure are prepared by laser in-situ solidification and sintering to realize the preparation of the spatial interconnection structure; the functional layer is printed between the spatial interconnection structures, and the functional layer satisfies the exposure of the top of the spatial interconnection structure; in the process of printing the functional layer, the laser solidifier is used to realize in-situ solidification and sintering of the functional layer.

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