A tire health monitoring system and method based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap

Abstract

This invention discloses a tire health monitoring system and method based on a piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap, belonging to the field of automotive health monitoring technology. It includes a hubcap and a signal acquisition module. Multiple mounting platforms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the hubcap at its end, and a piezoelectric energy harvesting component is installed within each platform. The signal acquisition module is located on the hubcap and electrically connected to the piezoelectric energy harvesting component. The signal acquisition module collects tire vibration information during vehicle operation, extracts feature parameters based on this vibration information, and monitors the tire's condition using these feature parameters. During vehicle operation, energy is harvested through tire rotation, stored, and used by sensors to detect tire health. By collecting tire vibration information using vibration sensors and monitoring tire health based on this vibration information, the system solves the problem of untimely detection of tire abnormalities in existing systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive health monitoring technology, and in particular to a system and method for monitoring the health status of automotive tires based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcaps. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section merely refer to the background art related to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] As one of the key components of a car, the health of tires not only affects the smoothness and comfort of the vehicle's ride, but is also closely related to the driver's life safety. Although modern cars are equipped with a large number of sensors, there is still a lack of effective means to monitor the health of car tires.

[0004] Most existing vehicles use tire pressure monitoring systems to provide feedback on the health status of the tires. However, this technology can only provide warnings when tire pressure is leaking. In many cases, the leakage of air inside the tire is a long process. For example, if a nail is stuck in the tire or some parts of the surface are severely worn, the tire pressure may not have leaked significantly to the tire pressure warning state in the short term, but the health of the tire has already been seriously compromised. Continuing to drive may result in serious accidents such as rim wear and tire blowout. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a tire health monitoring system and method based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcaps. The system monitors tire health by collecting tire vibration information to detect vehicle malfunctions in a timely manner. Simultaneously, it utilizes piezoelectric energy harvesting to power the information acquisition module, enabling continuous monitoring of tire health.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle tire health status monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy harvesting hub cover;

[0007] A vehicle tire health monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap includes:

[0008] A hub cover, wherein multiple mounting platforms are provided at the end of the hub cover, the mounting platforms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the hub cover, and a piezoelectric energy harvesting component is provided in the mounting platform;

[0009] A signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the piezoelectric energy harvesting component; the signal acquisition module is used to acquire tire vibration information during vehicle operation, extract feature parameters based on the tire vibration information, and monitor the tire status through the feature parameters.

[0010] In some embodiments, the piezoelectric energy harvesting component includes a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic layers, with a substrate layer disposed between adjacent piezoelectric ceramic layers.

[0011] In some embodiments, a buffer layer is provided on the outer side of the piezoelectric ceramic layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, a support spring is provided between the piezoelectric energy harvesting component and the mounting platform, and the support spring is an arched spring structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, a connecting plate is provided between adjacent mounting platforms, and the connecting plate and the mounting platform are an integral structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition module includes an energy storage management chip, an energy storage module, a vibration sensor, and an analog-to-digital conversion module;

[0015] The piezoelectric energy harvesting component is electrically connected to the energy storage management chip, the energy storage management chip is electrically connected to the energy storage module, the energy storage module is electrically connected to the vibration sensor, and the vibration sensor is communicatively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition module is located in the middle of the hub cover.

[0017] In some implementations, the step of extracting feature parameters based on tire vibration information and monitoring the tire state through these feature parameters specifically involves: extracting features from the tire vibration information using wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform, inputting the extracted results into a trained tire state monitoring model for processing, and obtaining the tire state.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the health status of automobile tires based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hub caps;

[0019] A method for monitoring the health status of automobile tires based on a piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap, comprising the aforementioned automobile tire health status monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap, including:

[0020] Obtain tire vibration information;

[0021] Feature parameters are extracted based on tire vibration information, and the condition of the tire is monitored through these feature parameters.

[0022] The tire vibration information is collected by an information acquisition module, which is located on the wheel hub cover and powered by a piezoelectric energy harvesting component.

[0023] In some implementations, the step of extracting feature parameters based on tire vibration information and monitoring the tire's health status through these feature parameters specifically involves: extracting features from the tire vibration information using wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform, inputting the extracted results into a trained tire status monitoring model for processing, and obtaining the tire status.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. The technical solution provided by this invention involves installing an information acquisition module on the wheel hub cover of a car to detect tire vibration information during vehicle operation. Based on the vibration information, the health status of the tire is monitored to identify potential tire malfunctions in a timely manner, thereby greatly improving driving safety.

[0026] 2. The technical solution provided by the present invention, through the cooperation of piezoelectric energy harvesting components, energy storage management chips and energy storage modules, realizes the collection of energy during the tire rotation process and converts it into voltage, which is used to provide power to the information acquisition module and realize continuous monitoring of tire vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the automotive tire health status monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hub cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piezoelectric energy harvesting component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Hub cover; 2. Support spring; 3. Piezoelectric energy harvesting component; 4. Buffer layer; 5. Signal acquisition module; 101. Mounting platform; 102. Mounting hole; 103. Mounting groove; 104. Mounting surface; 201. Mounting post; 301. Substrate layer; 302. Piezoelectric ceramic layer. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0033] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Currently, tire health status is mostly monitored through tire pressure monitoring, which has a certain lag and makes it difficult to detect potential tire problems in a timely manner. Therefore, this invention provides a tire health status monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap.

[0036] Next, combined Figures 1-3 This embodiment discloses a detailed description of an automobile tire health status monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy harvesting hub cover.

[0037] This automotive tire health monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap includes a hubcap 1, a signal acquisition module 5, and a vehicle controller. The signal acquisition module 5 includes a circuit board, an energy storage management chip, an energy storage module, a vibration sensor, and an analog-to-digital converter module. The energy storage management chip, energy storage module, vibration sensor, and analog-to-digital converter module are mounted on the circuit board. Four mounting platforms 101 are installed at the ends of the hubcap 1, evenly distributed along the circumference of the hubcap 1. Piezoelectric energy harvesting components 3 are installed inside the mounting platforms 101. The mounting platforms 101 have mounting surfaces 104 for the signal acquisition module 5, which is mounted on the mounting surfaces 104. 4; The piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3 is electrically connected to the energy storage management chip, the energy storage management chip is electrically connected to the energy storage module, the energy storage module is electrically connected to the vibration sensor, and the vibration sensor is connected to the analog-to-digital converter module via a data cable; When the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3 is subjected to force and undergoes bending deformation during vehicle operation, it generates a voltage output to the energy storage management chip, which stores the voltage in the energy storage module. The energy storage module then powers the vibration sensor. The vibration sensor collects tire vibration information during vehicle operation and transmits it to the vehicle controller via the analog-to-digital converter module. The vehicle controller extracts feature parameters based on the tire vibration information and monitors the tire status through these feature parameters.

[0038] In this embodiment, the energy storage management chip is an LTC3588 piezoelectric energy harvester, the energy storage module is a capacitor or a battery, and the vibration sensor is made of piezoelectric fiber composite material and is attached to the surface of the wheel hub with epoxy resin adhesive.

[0039] Furthermore, the mounting platform 101 is a blade-shaped annular structure. Square grooves 103 are provided at both ends of the mounting platform 101, and two circular grooves 102 are provided on both sides of the mounting platform 101. The two ends of the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3 are respectively installed in the corresponding mounting grooves 103 to fix it inside the mounting platform 101. Support springs 2 are installed between the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3 and the mounting platform 101. The support springs 2 are arched springs, numbered eight in total, with two support springs forming a group, installed on the corresponding mounting platform 101. Mounting posts 201 are connected to both ends of the support springs 2. The mounting posts 201 extend into the mounting holes 102 to fix the support springs 2 between the corresponding piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3 and the mounting platform 101. The mounting posts 201 support the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3 using the support springs 2, while the springs deform without affecting the deformation of the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3.

[0040] Based on this, the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3 is provided with a reliable mounting structure through the cooperation of components such as the blade-shaped annular platform structure and the arched spring structure, while also providing a certain degree of protection for the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3.

[0041] Furthermore, the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3 is a piezoelectric sheet, which has a rectangular thin sheet structure, including two piezoelectric ceramic layers 302, with a substrate layer 301 bonded between adjacent piezoelectric ceramic layers 302; a buffer layer 4 is bonded to the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic layer 302 to reduce the wear of the piezoelectric sheet by the support spring 2 during deformation.

[0042] In this embodiment, the substrate layer 301 is made of aluminum plate, and the piezoelectric ceramic layer 302 is adhered to the substrate layer 301. This is a conventional manufacturing process for piezoelectric sheets, which will not be described in detail here. Considering that the piezoelectric ceramic layer 302 is relatively brittle and easily damaged, a buffer layer 4 is added to the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic layer 302. The buffer layer 4 can be made of buffer sponge.

[0043] Furthermore, based on tire vibration information, feature parameters are extracted, and the health status of the tire is monitored through these feature parameters. Specifically, the tire vibration information is extracted using wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform, and the extracted results are input into a trained LSTM network for processing to obtain the tire status.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Based on the piezoelectric energy harvesting wheel hub cover-based automotive tire health status monitoring system described in Embodiment 1, this embodiment discloses a method for monitoring automotive tire health status based on a piezoelectric energy harvesting wheel hub cover, applied to a vehicle controller, comprising the following steps:

[0046] S1. Obtain tire vibration information.

[0047] The tire vibration information is collected by a vibration sensor installed on the hub cover 1, converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter, and then transmitted to the vehicle controller. The vibration sensor is powered by a piezoelectric energy harvesting component 3.

[0048] S2. Extract feature parameters based on tire vibration information, and monitor the tire condition using these feature parameters. Specifically, this includes:

[0049] S201. The tire vibration information is processed by time-frequency analysis to extract characteristic parameters, including amplitude, energy, vibration frequency and mode.

[0050] Specifically, feature extraction of tire vibration information is performed using wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform to obtain amplitude, energy, frequency, and mode.

[0051] S202. Input the feature parameters into the trained tire condition monitoring model for processing, obtain the tire condition, and transmit it to the dashboard for display.

[0052] In this embodiment, the tire condition monitoring model is an LSTM network, which includes a forget gate, an input gate, and an output gate. The input is the feature parameters, and the output is the tire condition. Before use, a training set is constructed using the collected amplitude, energy, vibration frequency, and modal data, and the corresponding tire condition is labeled. The labeled training set is used to train the LSTM network until training is complete.

[0053] The feature parameter sequence is represented as X = {x1, x2, ..., x...} t , ..., x n Taking} as an example, the data processing flow of the improved LSTM network will be further explained:

[0054] Specifically, the information loop process of processing the feature parameter sequence through an LSTM network is as follows:

[0055] f t =σ(w f x t +u f k t +b f );

[0056] i t =σ(w i x t +u i k t-1 +b i );

[0057]

[0058] c t =it c t +c t-1 f i ;

[0059] o t =σ(w o x t +u o k t-1 +b o );

[0060] k t =o t tan h(c t );

[0061] In the formula, x t The feature parameter sequence is X = {x1, x2, ..., x...} t , ..., x n The t-th value of}, w f w i w o u f u i u c u o b f b i b c b o Here are the trainable model parameters, σ is the sigmoid function, and k is the k-value. t and k t-1 These represent the current state and the previous state, respectively.

[0062] The descriptions of each embodiment in the above embodiments have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle tire health status monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap, characterized in that, include: A hub cover, wherein multiple mounting platforms are provided at the end of the hub cover, the mounting platforms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the hub cover, and a piezoelectric energy harvesting component is provided in the mounting platform; A support spring is provided between the piezoelectric energy harvesting component and the mounting platform, and the support spring has an arched spring structure. A signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the piezoelectric energy harvesting component; the signal acquisition module is used to acquire tire vibration information during vehicle operation, extract feature parameters based on the tire vibration information, and monitor the tire status through the feature parameters.

2. The automotive tire health status monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The piezoelectric energy harvesting component includes multiple piezoelectric ceramic layers, with a substrate layer disposed between adjacent piezoelectric ceramic layers.

3. The automotive tire health status monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A buffer layer is provided on the outside of the piezoelectric ceramic layer.

4. The automotive tire health status monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting plate is provided between adjacent mounting platforms, and the connecting plate and the mounting platform are an integral structure.

5. The automotive tire health status monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition module includes an energy storage management chip, an energy storage module, a vibration sensor, and an analog-to-digital conversion module; The piezoelectric energy harvesting component is electrically connected to the energy storage management chip, the energy storage management chip is electrically connected to the energy storage module, the energy storage module is electrically connected to the vibration sensor, and the vibration sensor is communicatively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

6. The automotive tire health status monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition module is located in the middle of the hub cover.

7. The automotive tire health status monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of extracting feature parameters based on tire vibration information and monitoring tire status through these feature parameters specifically involves: extracting features from tire vibration information using wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform, inputting the extracted results into a trained tire status monitoring model for processing, and obtaining the tire status.

8. A method for monitoring the health status of automobile tires based on a piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap, based on the automobile tire health status monitoring system based on a piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcap as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Obtain tire vibration information; Feature parameters are extracted based on tire vibration information, and the condition of the tire is monitored through these feature parameters. The tire vibration information is acquired through a signal acquisition module, which is located on the wheel hub cover and powered by a piezoelectric energy harvesting component.

9. The method for monitoring the health status of automobile tires based on piezoelectric energy harvesting hubcaps as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The step of extracting feature parameters based on tire vibration information and monitoring tire status through these feature parameters specifically involves: extracting features from tire vibration information using wavelet transform or fast Fourier transform, inputting the extracted results into a trained tire status monitoring model for processing, and obtaining the tire status.

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