Three-way forklift braking device and braking method

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-way forklift braking device and a braking method, relates to the field of forklift braking, and solves the problems that when an existing three-way forklift braking device is used, the braking mode is single, the braking mode is difficult to switch according to wheel transportation and braking states, and the braking stability is difficult to improve. Comprising a forklift body, a driving brake mechanism, an auxiliary brake mechanism and a control mechanism, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a driving motor are arranged on the forklift body, the driving brake mechanism comprises a brake disc and a driving shaft, the auxiliary brake mechanism comprises a fixing cylinder and a rotating column, and the control mechanism comprises a safety pedal, a running pedal and an emergency stop button. The driving brake mechanism is controlled to enable the brake disc to conduct limiting brake control on the driving shaft, the auxiliary brake mechanism is used for conducting limiting brake control on the rotating column, the stability in the driving and parking process is improved, and the control mechanism controls the running states of the driving brake mechanism and the auxiliary brake mechanism according to the driving and parking requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forklift braking, in particular to a three-way forklift braking device and a braking method. Background Art

[0002] The three-way forklift is a special forklift that can carry out stacking operations in three directions: left, front and right. It is integrated with the fork and can carry the fork to perform 180-degree horizontal rotation and lateral movement. Therefore, the forklift can directly pick up the goods horizontally without turning, realizing the forklift's ability to transport and stack goods in narrow passages.

[0003] The mainstream three-way forklift braking system on the market currently adopts a braking scheme of adding a brake to the drive motor to achieve the driving braking and parking braking of the three-way forklift. The driving and parking share one brake. During the parking process, since there is no cargo to be transported, the overall weight of the forklift is relatively light and it is not easy to move. At this time, a relatively stable parking brake can be achieved by controlling only one set of brakes. However, in the process of driving and transporting cargo, the overall mass of the forklift increases, and the inertia and instability will increase accordingly. At this time, the existing braking device only performs limit braking on the motor and the driving wheel during the driving braking process. The driven wheel position is prone to slipping and rolling, resulting in insufficient stability of the cargo during transportation to the designated location and stopping, posing a major safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a three-way forklift braking device and braking method which are convenient for improving the braking stability and safety during the transportation of the three-way forklift, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a three-way forklift braking device, comprising a forklift body, a driving brake mechanism, an auxiliary brake mechanism and a control mechanism, the forklift body is provided with a driving wheel capable of driving and steering, the forklift body is rotatably connected with two sets of driven wheels, the forklift body is fixedly connected with a driving motor, the driving brake mechanism comprises a brake disc installed in the forklift body, the output end of the driving motor is coaxially fixedly connected with a driving shaft for driving the driving wheel to rotate after transmission, and the driving shaft is controlled by the brake disc. The auxiliary braking mechanism comprises a fixed cylinder fixedly installed in the forklift body, and the two groups of driven wheels are respectively coaxially fixedly connected with a rotating column rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, which is used to perform limit braking control on the rotating column to improve the stability during driving and parking. The control mechanism comprises a safety pedal, a travel pedal and an emergency stop button installed on the forklift body, which are used to control the operating status of the driving braking mechanism and the auxiliary braking mechanism according to the needs of driving and parking, so as to improve the braking stability and safety during the transportation of the three-way forklift.

[0006] Preferably, the driving brake mechanism also includes a first friction cylinder fixedly installed in the forklift body, the outer wall of the brake disc rotates in contact with the inner wall of the first friction cylinder, the outer wall of the drive shaft is coaxially fixedly connected with the drive disc, and the brake disc is provided with a brake component for controlling the limit braking state of the drive disc by the brake disc, so as to facilitate the limit braking control of the drive shaft through the brake disc.

[0007] Preferably, the brake member includes multiple groups of first bevel gear blocks and second bevel gear blocks installed on the brake disc, and the brake disc is evenly provided with multiple groups of sliding grooves, the first bevel gear blocks and the second bevel gear blocks are alternately and evenly distributed in the sliding grooves, and are slidably connected to the inner walls of the sliding grooves, the inclined surfaces of the first bevel gear blocks are opposite to the inclined surfaces of the second bevel gear blocks, and the outer wall of the driving disc is evenly provided with multiple groups of first bevel gear grooves and second bevel gear grooves, the first bevel gear grooves can be engaged with the first bevel gear blocks in a one-way limiting manner, and the second bevel gear grooves can be engaged with the second bevel gear blocks in a one-way limiting manner, and the first friction cylinder is provided with a driving member for synchronously controlling the moving states of the first bevel gear blocks and the second bevel gear blocks, so as to facilitate controlling the limiting braking state of the driving disc by the brake disc.

[0008] Preferably, the driving member includes an electromagnet ring fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom end of the first friction cylinder, and the bottom end of the brake disc is provided with a liquid storage chamber connected to one end of the sliding groove, and the liquid storage chamber is used to store hydraulic oil. The inner wall of the liquid storage chamber is slidably connected with a driving ring in a vertical direction, and the driving ring can be magnetically attracted to the electromagnet ring in an energized state. The top of the driving ring is fixedly connected with a first tension spring fixedly connected to the top of the liquid storage chamber, so as to facilitate synchronous control of the moving states of the first bevel gear block and the second bevel gear block.

[0009] Preferably, the auxiliary braking mechanism also includes a connecting shaft coaxially fixedly installed between the rotating columns on both sides, the rotating column is coaxially fixedly connected with a first bevel gear ring at one end away from the driven wheel, the inner wall of the fixed cylinder is movably connected with a second bevel gear ring that can be engaged with the first bevel gear ring, the inclined surfaces of the first bevel gear rings on the two groups of rotating columns are in opposite directions, and a control member for controlling the second bevel gear ring to limit the first bevel gear ring is provided in the fixed cylinder, so as to facilitate the limit braking control of the rotating column and improve the stability during driving and parking.

[0010] Preferably, the control member includes two groups of second friction cylinders fixedly installed in the fixed cylinder, a driving column is movably sleeved in the second friction cylinder, the second bevel gear ring is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the driving column, and a sliding member is provided in the fixed cylinder for controlling the sliding of the driving column when power is turned on, so that the first bevel gear ring and the second bevel gear ring are clamped together, which is convenient for controlling the second bevel gear ring to limit the first bevel gear ring.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding member includes an electromagnet block fixedly installed in the fixed cylinder, the connecting shaft passes through the second bevel gear ring, the driving column and the electromagnet block, and is movably connected to the second bevel gear ring, the driving column and the inner wall of the electromagnet block, a magnet tube is provided on the side of the driving column, the magnet tube can mutually repel and push the electromagnet block when the power is on, a storage chamber for storing hydraulic oil is provided in the fixed cylinder, the magnet tube is slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage chamber in a horizontal direction, and a friction member is provided in the driving column for controlling the friction state between the driving column and the inner wall of the second friction cylinder according to the sliding position of the magnet tube, so as to facilitate the control of the sliding of the driving column when the power is on, so that the first bevel gear ring and the second bevel gear ring are clamped.

[0012] Preferably, the friction member includes a return spring fixedly mounted on one end of the magnet tube, the return spring is fixedly connected to the storage chamber at one end away from the magnet tube, a plurality of connecting grooves connected to the storage chamber are evenly arranged on the side of the driving column, a brake block is slidably connected in the connecting groove, a steel wire rope fixedly connected to the magnet tube is fixedly connected to the brake block, a return member for assisting the driving column in performing a return operation is provided in the fixed cylinder, so as to control the friction state between the driving column and the inner wall of the second friction cylinder according to the sliding position of the magnet tube.

[0013] Preferably, the reset member includes two groups of rotating rings rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, the two groups of rotating rings are respectively located on both sides of the electromagnet block, and the side of the rotating ring is fixedly connected to a second tension spring fixedly connected to one end of the adjacent magnet tube, so as to assist the driving column in performing the reset operation.

[0014] A braking method for a three-way forklift braking device comprises the following steps: S1. During driving, the safety pedal and the driving pedal are stepped on respectively. At this time, the driving motor rotates to drive the driving wheel to run, the driving brake mechanism is energized to release the braking state of the brake disc on the driving shaft, and the auxiliary brake mechanism is de-energized to release the braking state of the driven wheel, and the forklift body can move and drive; S2. When braking, release the driving pedal, the driving motor and the driving brake mechanism are powered off, the driving brake mechanism controls the brake disc to brake and decelerate the driving shaft, and the auxiliary brake mechanism is powered on to brake the driven wheel, so that the driving wheel and the driven wheel are braked at the same time, improving the stability of the cargo during transportation; S3. When parking brake is applied, the emergency stop button is pressed and the vehicle is powered off. At this time, the driving brake mechanism is powered off and braked, and the auxiliary brake mechanism is powered off and opened. Only the driving brake mechanism is used to limit the driving motor and the driving wheel; S4. In case of emergency braking, release the safety pedal, the auxiliary brake mechanism will be powered on to decelerate the driven wheel. After the forklift body slows down and stops, the driving brake mechanism will be powered off to brake, ensuring that the forklift body can brake and decelerate stably in an emergency.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a three-way forklift braking device and a braking method, which solve the problem that the existing three-way forklift braking device has a single braking mode when in use, and it is difficult to switch the braking mode according to the wheel transportation and braking status, thereby improving the braking stability. The driving braking mechanism is controlled so that the brake disc performs limit braking control on the driving shaft, and the auxiliary braking mechanism performs limit braking control on the rotating column, thereby improving the stability during driving and parking. The control mechanism controls the operating states of the driving braking mechanism and the auxiliary braking mechanism according to the needs of driving and parking. The braking device has a stable structure, flexible and efficient braking control, and can switch control between driving braking and parking braking, thereby improving the stability and safety of the three-way forklift during use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified image of area A; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the forklift body of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the driving brake mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the driving brake mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of area B; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the auxiliary braking mechanism of the present invention; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of area C in the middle; Fig.10 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the auxiliary braking mechanism of the present invention; Fig.11 for Fig.10 Enlarged view of area D in the middle.

[0017] In the figure: 1-forklift body; 2-driving wheel; 3-driven wheel; 4-driving motor; 5-driving brake mechanism; 6-brake disc; 7-driving shaft; 8-auxiliary brake mechanism; 9-fixed cylinder; 10-rotating column; 11-control mechanism; 12-safety pedal; 13-travel pedal; 14-emergency stop button; 15-first friction cylinder; 16-driving disc; 17-brake member; 18-first bevel gear block; 19-second bevel gear block; 20-sliding groove; 21-first bevel gear groove; 22-second bevel gear groove; 2 3-driving member; 24-electromagnet ring; 25-liquid storage chamber; 26-driving ring; 27-first tension spring; 28-connecting shaft; 29-first helical gear ring; 30-second helical gear ring; 31-control member; 32-second friction cylinder; 33-driving column; 34-sliding member; 35-electromagnet block; 36-magnet tube; 37-storage chamber; 38-friction member; 39-reset spring; 40-connecting groove; 41-brake block; 42-wire rope; 43-reset member; 44-rotating ring; 45-second tension spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1-Figure 11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a three-way forklift braking device, including a forklift body 1, a driving brake mechanism 5, an auxiliary brake mechanism 8 and a control mechanism 11, the forklift body 1 is provided with a driving wheel 2 capable of driving and steering, the forklift body 1 is rotatably connected with two sets of driven wheels 3, the forklift body 1 is fixedly connected with a driving motor 4, the driving brake mechanism 5 includes a brake disc 6 installed in the forklift body 1, and the output end of the driving motor 4 is coaxially fixedly connected with a driving shaft 7 for driving the driving wheel 2 to rotate after transmission, so as to achieve the effect of braking. The disk 6 performs limit braking control on the drive shaft 7. The auxiliary braking mechanism 8 includes a fixed cylinder 9 fixedly installed in the forklift body 1. The two sets of driven wheels 3 are coaxially fixedly connected with rotating columns 10 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 9, which are used to perform limit braking control on the rotating column 10 to improve the stability during driving and parking. The control mechanism 11 includes a safety pedal 12, a travel pedal 13 and an emergency stop button 14 installed on the forklift body 1, which are used to control the operating status of the driving braking mechanism 5 and the auxiliary braking mechanism 8 according to the needs of driving and parking.

[0020] The driving brake mechanism 5 also includes a first friction cylinder 15 fixedly installed in the forklift body 1. The outer wall of the brake disc 6 rotates in friction with the inner wall of the first friction cylinder 15. The outer wall of the drive shaft 7 is coaxially fixedly connected with a drive disc 16. The brake disc 6 is provided with a brake component 17 for controlling the brake disc 6 to limit the braking state of the drive disc 16.

[0021] The brake member 17 includes multiple groups of first beveled gear blocks 18 and second beveled gear blocks 19 installed on the brake disc 6. Multiple groups of sliding grooves 20 are evenly arranged on the brake disc 6. The first beveled gear blocks 18 and the second beveled gear blocks 19 are alternately and evenly distributed in the sliding grooves 20, and are slidably connected to the inner walls of the sliding grooves 20. The inclined surface of the first beveled gear block 18 is opposite to the inclined surface of the second beveled gear block 19. The outer wall of the driving disc 16 is evenly provided with multiple groups of first beveled gear grooves 21 and second beveled gear grooves 22. The first beveled gear groove 21 can be unidirectionally limitedly engaged with the first beveled gear block 18, and the second beveled gear groove 22 can be unidirectionally limitedly engaged with the second beveled gear block 19. A driving member 23 for synchronously controlling the moving states of the first beveled gear block 18 and the second beveled gear block 19 is provided in the first friction cylinder 15.

[0022] The driving member 23 includes an electromagnet ring 24 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom end of the first friction cylinder 15. A liquid storage chamber 25 connected to one end of the sliding groove 20 is opened at the bottom end of the brake disc 6. The liquid storage chamber 25 is used to store hydraulic oil. A driving ring 26 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the liquid storage chamber 25 in the vertical direction. The driving ring 26 can be magnetically attracted to the electromagnet ring 24 in the energized state. The top of the driving ring 26 is fixedly connected to a first tension spring 27 fixedly connected to the top of the liquid storage chamber 25.

[0023] The auxiliary braking mechanism 8 also includes a connecting shaft 28 coaxially fixedly installed between the rotating columns 10 on both sides. A first bevel gear ring 29 is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the rotating column 10 away from the driven wheel 3. A second bevel gear ring 30 capable of being engaged with the first bevel gear ring 29 is movably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 9. The inclined surfaces of the first bevel gear rings 29 on the two groups of rotating columns 10 are in opposite directions. A control member 31 for controlling the second bevel gear ring 30 to limit the first bevel gear ring 29 is provided in the fixed cylinder 9.

[0024] The control member 31 includes two sets of second friction cylinders 32 fixedly installed in the fixed cylinder 9, a driving column 33 is movably sleeved in the second friction cylinder 32, the second bevel gear ring 30 is coaxially fixedly connected with one end of the driving column 33, and a sliding member 34 is provided in the fixed cylinder 9 for controlling the sliding of the driving column 33 when power is turned on, so that the first bevel gear ring 29 and the second bevel gear ring 30 are clamped.

[0025] The sliding member 34 includes an electromagnet block 35 fixedly installed in the fixed cylinder 9, and the connecting shaft 28 passes through the second bevel gear ring 30, the driving column 33 and the electromagnet block 35, and is movably connected with the inner walls of the second bevel gear ring 30, the driving column 33 and the electromagnet block 35. A magnet tube 36 is provided on the side of the driving column 33, and the magnet tube 36 can mutually repel and push the electromagnet block 35 when the power is on. A storage chamber 37 for storing hydraulic oil is provided in the fixed cylinder 9, and the magnet tube 36 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage chamber 37 in a horizontal direction. A friction member 38 is provided in the driving column 33 for controlling the friction state between the driving column 33 and the inner wall of the second friction cylinder 32 according to the sliding position of the magnet tube 36.

[0026] The friction member 38 includes a return spring 39 fixedly mounted on one end of the magnet tube 36, and the end of the return spring 39 away from the magnet tube 36 is fixedly connected to the storage chamber 37. A plurality of connecting grooves 40 connected to the storage chamber 37 are evenly arranged on the side of the driving column 33, and a brake block 41 is slidably connected in the connecting groove 40. A steel wire rope 42 fixedly connected to the magnet tube 36 is fixedly connected to the brake block 41. A return member 43 for assisting the driving column 33 in resetting operation is provided in the fixed cylinder 9. The return member 43 includes two groups of rotating rings 44 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 9, and the two groups of rotating rings 44 are respectively located on both sides of the electromagnet block 35. The side of the rotating ring 44 is fixedly connected to a second tension spring 45 fixedly connected to one end of the adjacent magnet tube 36.

[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a braking method of a three-way forklift braking device, comprising the following steps: S1. During driving, the safety pedal 12 and the travel pedal 13 are stepped on respectively. At this time, the driving motor 4 rotates to drive the driving wheel 2 to run, and the driving brake mechanism 5 is energized to release the braking state of the brake disc 6 on the driving shaft 7. At the same time, the auxiliary brake mechanism 8 is powered off to release the braking state of the driven wheel 3, and the forklift body 1 can move and travel; S2. When braking, release the driving pedal 13, and the driving motor 4 and the driving brake mechanism 5 are powered off. The driving brake mechanism 5 controls the brake disc 6 to brake and decelerate the driving shaft 7, and at the same time, the auxiliary brake mechanism 8 is powered on to brake the driven wheel 3, so that the driving wheel 2 and the driven wheel 3 are braked at the same time, thereby improving the stability of the cargo during transportation; S3. When the parking brake is in effect, press the emergency stop button 14, the vehicle is powered off, the drive brake mechanism 5 is powered off and the auxiliary brake mechanism 8 is powered off and opened, and only the drive brake mechanism 5 is used to limit the drive motor 4 and the driving wheel 2; S4. In case of emergency braking, the safety pedal 12 is released, the auxiliary brake mechanism 8 is powered on, and the driven wheel 3 is decelerated and braked. After the forklift body 1 slows down and stops, the driving brake mechanism 5 is powered off and braked to ensure that the forklift body 1 can brake and decelerate stably in an emergency.

[0028] In the present embodiment, during the driving process of the forklift body 1, the safety pedal 12 and the travel pedal 13 are stepped on respectively, at this time, the driving motor 4 drives the driving shaft 7 to rotate, and the driving wheel 2 is rotated and operated after the transmission, the electromagnet ring 24 is energized to attract the driving ring 26 to move downward, and the first tension spring 27 is stretched while reducing the pressure in the liquid storage chamber 25, and the pressure in the control sliding groove 20 is reduced, and the first bevel gear block 18 and the second bevel gear block 19 slide around, releasing the plug-in limit of the first bevel gear groove 21 and the second bevel gear groove 22, thereby releasing the braking state of the brake disc 6 on the driving shaft 7, and the driving shaft 7 and the driving disc 16 can rotate freely, and at the same time, the electromagnet block 35 is powered off, and the second tension spring 45 pulls the magnet tube 36, driving the reset spring 39 to pull the driving column 33 to slide to one side of the electromagnet block 35, releasing the limiting state of the second bevel gear ring 30 on the first bevel gear ring 29, thereby releasing the braking state of the rotating column 10 and the driven wheel 3, and the forklift body 1 can move and travel.

[0029] When braking, release the travel pedal 13, and the drive motor 4 and the electromagnet ring 24 are powered off, releasing the downward adsorption force on the drive ring 26. At this time, the first tension spring 27 pulls back to push the hydraulic oil in the liquid storage chamber 25 into the sliding groove 20, so that the first bevel gear block 18 and the second bevel gear block 19 slide against the outer wall of the drive disk 16. At this time, regardless of the rotation direction of the drive disk 16, the first bevel gear block 18 can limit the first bevel tooth groove 21 in one direction or the second bevel gear block 19 can limit the second bevel tooth groove 22 in one direction, so as to achieve the clamping brake. After plugging, the drive disk 16 drives The brake disc 6 rotates together. Since the friction coefficient between the brake disc 6 and the inner wall of the first friction cylinder 15 is relatively large, the purpose of deceleration braking is achieved. At the same time, the electromagnet block 35 is energized to push the magnet tubes 36 on both sides to slide to both sides. The second tension spring 45 is stretched. At the same time, the magnet tube 36 pushes the reset spring 39 to make the drive column 33 and the second bevel gear ring 30 slide toward the side of the first bevel gear ring 29 to complete the resistance limit. The magnet tube 36 continues to slide to compress the hydraulic oil in the storage chamber 37, so that the brake block 41 is squeezed and pushed around, thereby increasing the friction between the inner wall of the second friction cylinder 32.

[0030] After that, the rotation of the driven wheel 3 will drive the rotating column 10 to rotate together with the second bevel gear ring 30 and the first bevel gear ring 29, and the second bevel gear ring 30 will drive the driving column 33. Since the rotation of the driving column 33 is subjected to a large friction force of the second friction cylinder 32 on the brake block 41, the driven wheel 3 is braked and decelerated, so that the driving wheel 2 and the driven wheel 3 are braked at the same time, thereby improving the stability of the cargo transportation process, and the braking process is smoother to avoid the rollover of the cargo. Since the inclined surfaces of the first bevel gear rings 29 on both sides face oppositely, the braking control can be performed through the clamping of the second bevel gear ring 30 regardless of whether the driven wheel 3 rotates forward or reverses.

[0031] When the parking brake is on, the emergency stop button 14 is pressed and the whole vehicle is powered off. At this time, the electromagnet ring 24 is powered off, driving the first bevel gear block 18 and the second bevel gear block 19 to slide and brake the drive disk 16. The stop electromagnet block 35 is powered off and opened. Under the pull of the second tension spring 45, the magnet tubes 36 on both sides drive the return spring 39 and the drive column 33 to slide toward the middle together, releasing the clamping of the second bevel gear ring 30 on the first bevel gear ring 29. At the same time, the return spring 39 rebounds, and the magnet tube 36 pulls the wire rope 42 to make the brake block 41 slide inward to reduce the friction with the inner wall of the second friction cylinder 32. At this time, since the forklift body 1 does not carry any goods, the stability requirement is relatively low. Only the driving brake mechanism 5 is used to limit the driving motor 4 and the driving wheel 2. During the rotation of the driving column 33, the magnet tube 36, the second tension spring 45, the return spring 39 and the rotating ring 44 will be driven to rotate together, so the second tension spring 45 and the return spring 39 will not be damaged.

[0032] During emergency braking, the safety pedal 12 is released, and the electromagnet block 35 is energized to operate, so that the second bevel gear ring 30 engages with the first bevel gear ring 29, thereby increasing the friction resistance during the rotation of the driven wheel 3 and decelerating and braking the driven wheel 3. After the forklift body 1 decelerates and stops, the electromagnet ring 24 in the driving brake mechanism 5 is deenergized, and the brake disc 6 is controlled to brake the driving disc 16, ensuring that the forklift body 1 can stably brake and decelerate in an emergency.

[0033] Compared with the traditional braking mechanism, the driving braking mechanism 5 and the auxiliary braking mechanism 8 can perform synchronous and uniform braking and deceleration from positions around the driving shaft 7 and the connecting shaft 28, the braking positions are more dispersed and uniform, and the braking is more stable.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-way forklift brake device, characterized in that: include: A forklift body (1), wherein the forklift body (1) is provided with a driving wheel (2) capable of driving and steering, two sets of driven wheels (3) are rotatably connected to the forklift body (1), and a driving motor (4) is fixedly connected to the forklift body (1); Also includes: A driving brake mechanism (5), the driving brake mechanism (5) comprising a brake disc (6) installed in the forklift body (1), the output end of the driving motor (4) being coaxially fixedly connected with a driving shaft (7) for driving the driving wheel (2) to rotate after transmission, and being used for performing limit braking control on the driving shaft (7) through the brake disc (6); An auxiliary braking mechanism (8), the auxiliary braking mechanism (8) comprising a fixed cylinder (9) fixedly mounted in the forklift body (1), and two sets of driven wheels (3) respectively coaxially fixedly connected with a rotating column (10) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (9), for performing position-limiting braking control on the rotating column (10) to improve the stability of the vehicle during driving and parking; A control mechanism (11), the control mechanism (11) comprising a safety pedal (12), a travel pedal (13) and an emergency stop button (14) mounted on the forklift body (1), and used to control the operating states of the drive brake mechanism (5) and the auxiliary brake mechanism (8) according to driving and parking requirements.

2. A three-way forklift brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving brake mechanism (5) further comprises a first friction cylinder (15) fixedly mounted in the forklift body (1); the outer wall of the brake disc (6) and the inner wall of the first friction cylinder (15) rotate in contact with each other by friction; the outer wall of the driving shaft (7) is coaxially fixedly connected with the driving disc (16); and the brake disc (6) is provided with a brake member (17) for controlling the limiting braking state of the brake disc (6) on the driving disc (16).

3. A three-way forklift brake device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The brake member (17) comprises a plurality of groups of first beveled tooth blocks (18) and second beveled tooth blocks (19) mounted on the brake disc (6); the brake disc (6) is evenly provided with a plurality of groups of sliding grooves (20); the first beveled tooth blocks (18) and the second beveled tooth blocks (19) are alternately and evenly distributed in the sliding grooves (20) and are slidably connected to the inner walls of the sliding grooves (20); the inclined surfaces of the first beveled tooth blocks (18) are opposite to the inclined surfaces of the second beveled tooth blocks (19); the outer wall of the drive disc (16) is evenly provided with a plurality of groups of first beveled tooth grooves (21) and second beveled tooth grooves (22); the first beveled tooth grooves (21) can be engaged with the first beveled tooth blocks (18) in a one-way limiting manner; the second beveled tooth grooves (22) can be engaged with the second beveled tooth blocks (19) in a one-way limiting manner; and a driving member (23) for synchronously controlling the movement states of the first beveled tooth blocks (18) and the second beveled tooth blocks (19) is provided in the first friction cylinder (15).

4. A three-way forklift brake device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving member (23) comprises an electromagnet ring (24) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom end of the first friction cylinder (15); the bottom end of the brake disc (6) is provided with a liquid storage chamber (25) connected to one end of the sliding groove (20); the liquid storage chamber (25) is used to store hydraulic oil; the inner wall of the liquid storage chamber (25) is slidably connected to a driving ring (26) in a vertical direction; the driving ring (26) can be magnetically attracted to the electromagnet ring (24) in an energized state; the top end of the driving ring (26) is fixedly connected to a first tension spring (27) fixedly connected to the top end of the liquid storage chamber (25).

5. A three-way forklift brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary braking mechanism (8) further comprises a connecting shaft (28) coaxially fixedly mounted between the rotating columns (10) on both sides; a first bevel gear ring (29) is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the rotating column (10) away from the driven wheel (3); a second bevel gear ring (30) capable of being engaged with the first bevel gear ring (29) is movably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (9); the bevels of the first bevel gear ring (29) on the two groups of rotating columns (10) are in opposite directions; and a control member (31) for controlling the second bevel gear ring (30) to limit the first bevel gear ring (29) is provided in the fixed cylinder (9).

6. A three-way forklift brake device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control member (31) comprises two sets of second friction cylinders (32) fixedly mounted in the fixed cylinder (9), a driving column (33) being movably sleeved in the second friction cylinder (32), the second bevel gear ring (30) being coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the driving column (33), and a sliding member (34) for controlling the sliding of the driving column (33) when power is turned on, so that the first bevel gear ring (29) and the second bevel gear ring (30) are engaged with each other.

7. A three-way forklift brake device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding member (34) comprises an electromagnet block (35) fixedly mounted in the fixed cylinder (9); the connecting shaft (28) penetrates the second helical gear ring (30), the driving column (33) and the electromagnet block (35), and is movably sleeved with the second helical gear ring (30), the driving column (33) and the inner wall of the electromagnet block (35); a magnet tube (36) is provided on the side of the driving column (33); the magnet tube (36) can mutually repel and push the electromagnet block (35) in a powered state; a storage chamber (37) for storing hydraulic oil is provided in the fixed cylinder (9); the magnet tube (36) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage chamber (37) in a horizontal direction; and a friction member (38) is provided in the driving column (33) for controlling the friction state between the driving column (33) and the inner wall of the second friction cylinder (32) according to the sliding position of the magnet tube (36).

8. A three-way forklift brake device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The friction member (38) comprises a return spring (39) fixedly mounted on one end of the magnet tube (36); the end of the return spring (39) away from the magnet tube (36) is fixedly connected to the storage chamber (37); a plurality of communication grooves (40) connected to the storage chamber (37) are evenly arranged on the side of the driving column (33); a brake block (41) is slidably connected in the communication groove (40); a steel wire rope (42) fixedly connected to the magnet tube (36) is fixedly connected to the brake block (41); and a return member (43) for assisting the driving column (33) in performing a return operation is arranged in the fixing tube (9).

9. A three-way forklift brake device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reset member (43) comprises two groups of rotating rings (44) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (9), the two groups of rotating rings (44) are respectively located on both sides of the electromagnet block (35), and the side surface of the rotating ring (44) is fixedly connected to a second tension spring (45) fixedly connected to one end of the adjacent magnet tube (36).

10. A braking method for a three-way forklift braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. During driving, the safety pedal (12) and the driving pedal (13) are respectively stepped on, and the driving motor (4) rotates to drive the driving wheel (2) to run, and the driving brake mechanism (5) is energized to release the braking state of the brake disc (6) on the driving shaft (7), and at the same time, the auxiliary brake mechanism (8) is de-energized to release the braking state of the driven wheel (3), and the forklift body (1) can move and travel; S2. When the vehicle is braked, the travel pedal (13) is released, and the drive motor (4) and the drive brake mechanism (5) are powered off. The drive brake mechanism (5) controls the brake disc (6) to brake and decelerate the drive shaft (7), and at the same time, the auxiliary brake mechanism (8) is powered on to brake the driven wheel (3), so that the driving wheel (2) and the driven wheel (3) are braked at the same time, thereby improving the stability of the cargo during transportation; S3. When the parking brake is applied, the emergency stop button (14) is pressed, the whole vehicle is powered off, the driving brake mechanism (5) is powered off and the auxiliary brake mechanism (8) is powered off and opened, and only the driving brake mechanism (5) is used to apply limit brake to the driving motor (4) and the driving wheel (2); S4. During emergency braking, the safety pedal (12) is released, the auxiliary brake mechanism (8) is powered on, and the driven wheel (3) is decelerated and braked. After the forklift body (1) is decelerated and stopped, the driving brake mechanism (5) is powered off and braked, so as to ensure that the forklift body (1) is stably braked and decelerated in an emergency.

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