Large floating body connection system and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a large floating body connection system and a method for using the same. The large floating body connection system is used to connect two adjacent first large floating bodies and a second large floating body at sea, and includes a plurality of prestressed tensioning devices and a plurality of limit cables, wherein the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices connect the upper structure of the large floating body, and the plurality of limit cables connect the lower buoyancy box of the large floating body; each prestressed tensioning device includes a prestressed cable and a prestressed cable arranged side by side; the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices are configured to maintain a close connection between the two large floating bodies under normal sea conditions; when the two large floating bodies cannot maintain a close connection under severe sea conditions, the tensioning state of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable is released to achieve a non-close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body. The present invention is suitable for the interconnection of a plurality of deep-sea large floating bodies, and provides a reliable solution for the development and design of floating bodies for shipbuilding, marine engineering, and marine energy development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ship and marine engineering, and in particular relates to a large floating body connection system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As population expansion, resource scarcity and environmental degradation become increasingly severe, the international marine engineering community has begun to study the use of ultra-large marine floating structures for marine space utilization and marine resource development. With its vast deck area and excellent ocean wave resistance, ultra-large floating bodies have broad application prospects in offshore resource development, offshore airports and other transportation hubs, marine energy facilities and offshore cities. As an important infrastructure for the development of the marine economy, ultra-large floating bodies can provide comprehensive support functions such as offshore replenishment, maintenance, and energy collection, while helping the development of the marine economy and promoting the implementation of the country's deep-sea strategy.

[0003] Compared with traditional ships and marine structures, the horizontal scale of ultra-large marine floating structures is very large, usually reaching several thousand meters. The traditional integrated design is difficult to meet the needs of manufacturing, transportation and assembly. Therefore, the use of multi-floating modular design and construction has become an inevitable choice. It must be assembled from multiple large floating structures. A large floating body refers to a large marine floating structure with a main dimension of more than 100 meters in length and width and a tonnage of more than 10,000 tons. Multiple large floating bodies can be connected to form an ultra-large floating body, which involves multiple large floating bodies being assembled at sea through connectors. The connector not only needs to ensure reliable connection between the large floating bodies, but also needs to have a certain degree of flexibility to adapt to the relative movement between large floating bodies under complex sea conditions, thereby ensuring the integrity of the structure. Therefore, how to design reliable and efficient connectors has become an important topic in the study of large floating bodies.

[0004] The commonly used connector designs still have many limitations and cannot meet the needs of complex marine environments. Rigid connectors are subject to excessive force when impacted by wave loads, which can easily lead to structural damage. Although flexible connectors can alleviate excessive loads to a certain extent, they are complex in design, difficult to install and maintain, and have high operating costs. In addition, some floating body connection methods are inconvenient to disassemble and maintain, and are difficult to disconnect quickly in severe sea conditions, which limits the floating body's ability to survive in emergencies. In response to these shortcomings, developing a connection system that can withstand complex loads and is easy to operate and maintain is an important direction for the current development of large floating body technology.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used for understanding the background of the present application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems that most of the current large floating body connection devices have complex structures, difficult maintenance or insufficient adaptability to dynamic loads, the present invention provides a large floating body connection system and a method of using the same.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention includes:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a large floating body connection system for connecting two adjacent first large floating bodies and second large floating bodies at sea, the large floating body connection system comprising a plurality of prestressed tensioning devices and a plurality of limiting cables, the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices connecting the upper structures of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, the plurality of limiting cables connecting the lower buoyancy boxes of the first large floating body and the second large floating body; each of the prestressed tensioning devices comprises a prestressed cable and a prestressed cable arranged side by side; the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices are configured to maintain a close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body under normal sea conditions; the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices are also configured to release the tensioning state of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable when the first large floating body and the second large floating body cannot maintain a close connection under severe sea conditions, thereby achieving a non-close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the large floating body connection system according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Connecting the limiting cables to the lower buoyancy boxes of the first large floating body and the second large floating body;

[0011] (2) connecting one end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable in the prestressed tensioning device to the upper structure of one of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, and applying tension to the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable in the other of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, so that the first large floating body and the second large floating body are initially fitted together;

[0012] (3) tensioning the prestressed cable and maintaining a predetermined tension on the prestressed cable so that the first large floating body and the second large floating body are closely fitted, and applying a predetermined tension to the prestressed cable so that the prestressed cable is in an initial tension state;

[0013] (4) When the prestressed tensioning device needs to be maintained or replaced, part of the prestressed tensioning device is allowed to be replaced at any time; in the event that part of the prestressed tensioning device fails or is temporarily removed, the remaining prestressed tensioning devices can still ensure a stable connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body;

[0014] (5) when encountering severe sea conditions, releasing the tension of the prestressed cables and the pre-tensioned cables to achieve a non-fitting connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body;

[0015] (6) After the severe sea condition ends, tension is applied to the prestressed cable to restore the first large buoy and the second large buoy to a close fit state and the prestressed cable is re-tensioned to restore the large buoy connection system to an operating state under normal sea conditions.

[0016] The large floating body connection system of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "system" or "connection system") can realize reliable connection between large floating bodies under complex sea conditions and is easy to maintain, overcoming the problems of the connection methods in the prior art that are difficult to adapt to dynamic loads and difficult to quickly disassemble, as well as the problems of complex connection design, difficult installation and maintenance, and high cost of use. The system of the present invention makes the connection between large floating bodies have a large redundancy, and can actively release the tension state of the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable under severe sea conditions to ensure that the floating bodies will not separate, and can re-tension the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable after the severe sea conditions end to make the large floating bodies fit again. In addition, there are multiple prestressed tensioning devices that are independent of each other, which are easy to replace and simple to maintain. The present invention is suitable for the interconnection of multiple deep-sea large floating bodies, and has the characteristics of high strength, high stability, simple structure, strong adaptability, high durability, and excellent economy, providing a reliable solution for the development and design of floating bodies for shipbuilding and marine engineering and marine energy development. Specifically, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0017] 1. By setting up multiple prestressed tensioning devices to disperse the forces generated by the movement of large floating bodies, the strength requirements of the system are reduced, while providing sufficient flexibility to adapt to dynamic loads. The prestressed cables can be used as safety devices to limit the maximum relative distance between large floating bodies in the case of relative displacement between adjacent large floating bodies. The limiting cables are arranged between the lower buoyancy boxes of the two large floating bodies to ensure the basic connection state of the two large floating bodies, further enhancing the fault tolerance and safety of the system.

[0018] 2. The prestressed tensioning device has a simple structure, is easy to install and maintain, and can achieve efficient and reliable floating body connection under complex sea conditions.

[0019] 3. Preferably, the tension of the prestressed cables and pre-tensioned cables can be dynamically adjusted through the anchoring device to adapt to the relative movement between large floating bodies.

[0020] 4. Preferably, fenders can reduce damage caused by collisions between large floating bodies while ensuring the durability of the system.

[0021] 5. Preferably, the application of the steering block makes the arrangement of the prestressed cables and pre-tensioned cables more flexible, suitable for the arrangement of large floating bodies of different geometric sizes, and provides greater design freedom for the layout and assembly of large floating bodies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a large floating body connection system connecting two large floating bodies in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the rectangular dotted line frame selection range is the position of the prestressed tensioning device 1.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional perspective schematic diagram of a large floating body connection system connecting two large floating bodies in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the position of the prestressed tensioning device in the large floating body connection system in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the location of the prestressing tensioning device.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a side view of a large floating body connection system connecting two large floating bodies in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at AA in .

[0028] Figure 7 It is a top view of the location of the prestressed tensioning device of the large floating body connection system in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a side view of the location of the prestressed tensioning device of the large floating body connection system in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a single prestressed tensioning device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.10 It is a half-part side view of a single prestressed tensioning device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.11 1 is a perspective view of a single fender according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.12 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a layer of limiting cables according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.13 It is a top view of a layer of limiting cables according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.14 It is a side view of the large floating body connection system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention under severe sea conditions.

[0036] Figure 15a-Figure 15e1 is a diagram of various stress conditions of a large floating body connection system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Prestressed tensioning device; 1-1. Prestressed cable; 1-2. Prestressed cable; 3. Limiting cable; 1-3. Steering block; 1-4. Anchoring device; 1-5. Rubber fender; 2-1. First large floating body; 2-2. Second large floating body; 2-1a. Upper structure of first large floating body 2-1; 2-2a. Upper structure of second large floating body 2-2; 2-1b. Lower pontoon of first large floating body 2-1; 2-2b. Lower pontoon of second large floating body 2-2; 3. Limiting cable; 4. Bottom pile of bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description.

[0039] It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to make the purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, please refer to the drawings. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the directional terms such as left, right, up, down, top, and bottom in this embodiment are only relative concepts or are based on the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as restrictive. When an element is said to be "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is said to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0041] The large floating body connected by the large floating body connection system of the present invention refers to a large-scale marine floating structure with a main dimension of more than 100 meters in length and width and a tonnage of more than 10,000 tons. The large floating body includes an upper structure (such as an upper platform or deck and various facilities carried by the platform or deck, etc.), a column and a lower pontoon. The column connects the upper structure and the lower pontoon. At sea, the lower part of the column of the large floating body and the lower pontoon are immersed in the sea water and located below the sea surface, and the upper part of the column and the upper structure of the large floating body are located above the sea surface. Usually, the length of the pontoon is less than the length of the upper structure (so that the lower pontoons of adjacent large floating bodies will not collide with each other, because before they collide, the upper structure of the large floating body has reached a fitting state in advance, thereby limiting the possibility of collision between the lower pontoons).

[0042] In the present invention, normal sea conditions refer to the situation that the external environmental conditions (including waves, currents, etc.) do not exceed the design load-bearing capacity of the connection system within the design range of the connection system, and the connection between the large buoys can operate stably without taking additional protective measures. The indicators of normal sea conditions include but are not limited to:

[0043] 1. Wave height: less than or equal to the design wave height (depending on the actual working conditions, such as more than 10 meters or higher);

[0044] 2. Ocean current speed: less than or equal to the design ocean current speed;

[0045] 3. Connection system status: All prestressed tensioning devices and limit cables work normally, and the large buoys maintain stable relative movement.

[0046] Severe sea conditions refer to the situation where the external environmental conditions exceed the design load-bearing capacity of the connection system. The relative movement between the large buoys may cause excessive loads on the connection system, and protective measures (such as releasing the tension state) need to be taken. Any situation that does not meet at least one of the indicators of normal sea conditions can be called severe sea conditions.

[0047] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a large floating body connection system for connecting two adjacent first large floating bodies and second large floating bodies at sea, the large floating body connection system comprising a plurality of prestressed tensioning devices and a plurality of limiting cables, the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices connecting the upper structures of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, the plurality of limiting cables connecting the lower buoyancy boxes of the first large floating body and the second large floating body; each of the prestressed tensioning devices comprises a prestressed cable and a prestressed cable arranged side by side; the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices are configured to maintain a close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body under normal sea conditions; the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices are also configured to release the tensioning state of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable when the first large floating body and the second large floating body cannot maintain a close connection under severe sea conditions, so as to achieve a non-close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body.

[0048] In the above technical solution, the tensioning degree of the prestressed cable in the tensioned state is greater than the tensioning degree of the prestressed cable in the tensioned state. Preferably, the prestressed cable is a steel strand and the prestressed cable is a fiber material.

[0049] In the above technical solution, the pre-tensioned cables in a tensioned state (by applying a certain tension to the pre-tensioned cables to put them in an initial tension state, the initial tension state prevents the pre-tensioned cables from loosening after installation and enables them to provide the required restoring force in subsequent operation) and the pre-stressed cables in a tensioned state jointly ensure the close connection between the first large buoy and the second large buoy under normal sea conditions. When the first large buoy and the second large buoy cannot maintain a close connection under severe sea conditions, the tensioned state of the pre-stressed cables and the pre-tensioned cables can be released (for example, the pre-stressed cables can be adjusted to release their tension, and the pre-stressed cables can be adjusted to a relaxed state, etc.), thereby achieving a non-close connection between the first large buoy and the second large buoy, ensuring that the two large buoys are not completely separated, and after the sea conditions weaken (the sea conditions return to normal sea conditions), the adjacent large buoys can be restored to a close connection state. Therefore, under normal sea conditions, the large floating body connection system of the present invention can always maintain a close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body. Under severe sea conditions, the large floating body connection system of the present invention can ensure that the first large floating body and the second large floating body are in an unseparated non-close connection.

[0050] In some embodiments, the multiple prestressed tensioning devices are arranged in an array, and each of the prestressed tensioning devices also includes a steering block, an anchoring device and a fender. The prestressed cables and prestressed cables are multi-strand and distributed in parallel side by side. The fenders are respectively fixed to the edges of the upper structure of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, and the steering block and the anchoring device are respectively fixed to the inside of the first large floating body and the second large floating body; one end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable passes through the fender on the first large floating body, extends into the inside of the first large floating body, passes through the inner cavity of the steering block in the first large floating body, and is then connected to the anchoring device in the first large floating body; the other end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable passes through the fender on the second large floating body, extends into the inside of the second large floating body, passes through the inner cavity of the steering block in the second large floating body, and is then connected to the anchoring device in the second large floating body.

[0051] In the above technical solution, a prestressed tensioning device includes multiple strands of prestressed cables, multiple strands of prestressed cables, two fenders (one installed on the edge of the upper structure of the first large floating body, and the other installed on the edge of the upper structure of the second large floating body), two steering blocks (one located in the first large floating body, and the other located in the second large floating body), and multiple anchoring devices (one strand of prestressed cable corresponds to two anchoring devices, and one strand of prestressed cable corresponds to two anchoring devices). Among them, in the fitted state, the prestressed cable is in a slightly prestressed state, and the prestressed cable provides the main tension for the adjacent large floating body. When the adjacent large floating body produces a separated linear displacement or angular displacement, the prestressed cable is further tensioned when the relative displacement of the adjacent large floating body increases, providing additional restoring force for the adjacent large floating body; in severe sea conditions, the prestressed cable is adjusted to release the tension (it is better to separate all the prestressed cables from the large floating body), and the length of the prestressed cable is adjusted to make it in a relaxed state to ensure that the large floating body is in an unseparated non-fitted connection state. Therefore, under normal sea conditions, the tension of the prestressed cables and prestressed cables after being tensioned (mainly the tension of the prestressed cables, supplemented by the tension of the prestressed cables) makes the adjacent large floating bodies fit tightly together. When the adjacent large floating bodies are relatively displaced under the action of waves and currents, the prestressed cables and prestressed cables jointly bear the environmental load, and the prestressed cables and prestressed cables generate a restoring force to keep the large floating bodies or make them fit again. Under severe sea conditions, the constraints of the anchoring device on the prestressed cables can be released, releasing their tension.

[0052] The steering block is used to ensure that the prestressed cables and pre-tensioned cables can smoothly adjust the force direction under the action of dynamic loads, so as to prevent the relative micro-movement between the floating bodies caused by environmental loads such as waves and currents. As the guide component of the prestressed cables and pre-tensioned cables, the inner surface of the prestressed cables and pre-tensioned cables is preferably designed to be smooth, which can reduce the friction force when the prestressed cables and pre-tensioned cables change direction under force, and reduce the wear of the prestressed cables and pre-tensioned cables. The steering block can also make the arrangement of the prestressed cables and pre-tensioned cables more flexible and meet the connection requirements of large floating bodies with different geometric shapes.

[0053] The anchoring device can effectively transfer the tension of the prestressed cable to the upper structure of the large floating body. Under normal connection conditions, the anchoring device effectively transfers the tension of the prestressed cable to the upper structure of the floating body; when there is relative displacement between the large floating bodies, the anchoring device can effectively transfer the restoring force generated by the prestressed cable in the tensioned state to the upper structure of the floating body. At the same time, the prestressed cable and prestressed cable can be tensioned multiple times through the anchoring device to adjust the tension to meet the mechanical requirements under different operating conditions.

[0054] Preferably, the fender is a rubber fender, which can be fixedly connected to the large floating body by bolts, and the fitting connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body means that the fender on the first large floating body and the fender on the second large floating body abut against each other. The fender can effectively absorb and dissipate kinetic energy when the floating bodies collide or rub against each other, thereby protecting the upper structure (main structure) of the large floating body.

[0055] In some embodiments, the length of the prestressed rope and the pre-tensioned cable extending into the first large floating body or the second large floating body is 0.1-0.2 times the length of the first large floating body or the second large floating body.

[0056] In the above technical scheme, it is preferred that the length of the large buoy along the x direction in the figure is L, and the length of the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable passing through a single large buoy is 0.1L-0.2L. If it is too short, it will cause excessive stress in some areas. In actual applications, the length of the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable passing through a single large buoy can be analyzed in combination with the large buoy size, material, displacement, design standards, etc., and corresponding adjustments can be made.

[0057] In some embodiments, the steering block is arranged at a position on the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable where the laying direction needs to be changed, so as to ensure that the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable can smoothly adjust the force direction under the action of dynamic load; the anchoring device is arranged at the end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable; a tension sensor is installed on the anchoring device, and the tension sensor is connected to the end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable, so as to monitor and feedback the tension of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable in real time.

[0058] In the above technical solution, the steering block can be fixed to the large floating body by welding or casting, and the anchoring device can be fixed to the large floating body by casting reinforced concrete or welding steel structure. The tension sensor is directly installed at the end of the prestressed cable or prestressed cable, and uses strain gauge technology to determine the tension by measuring the slight deformation of the prestressed cable or prestressed cable in the tensioned state.

[0059] In some embodiments, the limiting cables are arranged in two layers, an upper layer and an lower layer, which are respectively fixed to the mooring piles on the bottom plate and the mooring piles on the top plate of the lower buoyancy boxes of the first large floating body and the second large floating body; the multiple limiting cables in each layer of limiting cables are arranged in a side-by-side staggered manner; the limiting cables are used to limit the relative displacement range of the lower buoyancy boxes of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, and assume a basic restraining role when the prestressed tensioning device fails, to prevent the first large floating body and the second large floating body from being completely separated.

[0060] In the above technical solution, the limiting cable is loose under normal sea conditions, and is used to limit the relative displacement range of the lower buoyancy boxes of adjacent large floating bodies. It can also play a basic restraining role when the prestressed tensioning device fails to prevent the large floating bodies from completely separating.

[0061] In some embodiments, the prestressed tensioning device between the two opposite surfaces of the first large floating body and the second large floating body is arranged in two layers, each layer containing a plurality of prestressed tensioning devices arranged at even intervals. More preferably, the axes of the prestressed cables and prestressed cables of the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices in each layer are in the same plane.

[0062] In some embodiments, the large floating body connection system is configured to perform the following process:

[0063] (1) When the first large floating body and the second large floating body are subjected to environmental loads and an external force of relative separation is generated along the axial direction of the prestressed cable or the prestressed cable (the x-axis direction in the figure): when the external force is less than or equal to the initial tension provided by the prestressed cable, the large floating body connection system will offset the external force and keep the first large floating body and the second large floating body in a close fit state; when the external force exceeds the initial tension of the prestressed cable, the fender in the large floating body connection system may have a slight relative separation displacement. At this time, the large floating body connection system offsets the external force by increasing the tension of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable, so that the first large floating body and the second large floating body are always in a close fit state;

[0064] (2) When the first large floating body and the second large floating body are relatively close to each other and squeezed along the axial direction of the prestressed cable or the prestressed cable (the x-axis direction in the figure), the large floating body connection system absorbs and dissipates the kinetic energy generated thereby through the fenders, thereby protecting the upper structures of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, so that they continue to remain in a close fit;

[0065] (3) When the first large floating body and the second large floating body generate a linear displacement in a lateral direction (in the y-axis direction in the figure) or a vertical direction (in the z-axis direction in the figure) relative to each other along the axis direction perpendicular to the prestressed cable or the pre-tensioned cable, if the connection state is in close contact at this time, the fender provides the main friction force to resist the relative displacement; if the connection state is in a relatively separated state at this time, the prestressed tensioning device resists the relative displacement between the first large floating body and the second large floating body through the restoring force of the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable until the first large floating body and the second large floating body return to a close contact state;

[0066] (4) When there is a rotational angular displacement between the first large floating body and the second large floating body in the front plane (yoz plane), the lateral plane (xoz plane) or the vertical plane (xoy plane), the prestressed tensioning device resists the rotational angle through the restoring force of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable, so that the first large floating body and the second large floating body maintain or restore the fitting state;

[0067] (5) When adjacent large floating bodies cannot maintain a close connection under severe sea conditions, the tension of the prestressed cables and the pre-tensioned cables is released to achieve a non-close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body, for example, all the prestressed cables are disconnected from the first large floating body or the second large floating body, the pre-tensioned cables are adjusted to a relaxed state, and only the pre-tensioned cables and the limit cables are retained to achieve the non-close connection;

[0068] (6) After the severe sea condition ends, tension is applied to the pre-stressed cable to restore the first large buoy and the second large buoy to a connected and fitted state, and the prestressed cable is reinstalled and tensioned to restore the large buoy connection system to an operating state under normal sea conditions (i.e., the two adjacent large buoys are in a fitted and connected state).

[0069] The specific embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for using the large floating body connection system, which comprises the following steps:

[0070] (1) Connecting the limiting cables to the lower buoyancy boxes of the first large floating body and the second large floating body;

[0071] (2) connecting one end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable in the prestressed tensioning device to the upper structure of one of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, and applying tension to the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable in the other of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, so that the first large floating body and the second large floating body are initially fitted together;

[0072] (3) tensioning the prestressed cable and maintaining a predetermined tension on the prestressed cable so that the first large floating body and the second large floating body are closely fitted, and applying a predetermined tension on the prestressed cable so that the prestressed cable is in an initial tension state; wherein the tension on the prestressed cable and / or the prestressed cable can provide the required restoring force in subsequent operation;

[0073] (4) When the prestressed tensioning device needs to be maintained or replaced, part of the prestressed tensioning device is allowed to be replaced at any time; in the event that part of the prestressed tensioning device fails or is temporarily removed, the remaining prestressed tensioning devices can still ensure a stable connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body;

[0074] (5) When encountering severe sea conditions, the tension of the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable is released to achieve a non-fitting connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body; wherein the length of the pre-tensioned cable can be adjusted to make it in a relaxed state, so that the pre-tensioned cable and the limit cable can limit the excessive displacement between the first large floating body and the second large floating body;

[0075] (6) After the severe sea condition ends, tension is applied to the pre-stressed cable to restore the first large buoy and the second large buoy to a close fit state and reinstall the pre-stressed cable to restore the large buoy connection system to an operating state under normal sea conditions.

[0076] The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.

[0077] like Figure 1 to Figure 15e As shown, the large floating body connection system is used to connect two adjacent first large floating bodies 2-1 and second large floating bodies 2-2 at sea. The upper structure 2-1a of the first large floating body 2-1 and the upper structure 2-2a of the second large floating body 2-2 are connected by multiple prestressed tensioning devices 1, and the lower pontoon 2-1b of the first large floating body 2-1 and the lower pontoon 2-2b of the second large floating body 2-2 are connected by multiple strands of limiting cables 3, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9As shown, a single prestressed tensioning device 1 includes multiple strands of prestressed cables 1-1, multiple strands of prestressed cables 1-2, steering blocks 1-3 of the corner sections of the prestressed cables 1-1 and the prestressed cables 1-2, anchoring devices 1-4, and rubber fenders 1-5. The multiple strands of prestressed cables 1-1 in the single prestressed tensioning device 1 are arranged in parallel, and the multiple strands of prestressed cables 1-2 are also arranged in parallel and parallel to the prestressed cables 1-1. The multiple prestressed tensioning devices 1 are arranged in an array to form a connection system with uniform force. The upper structures of the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 are closely fitted together mainly through the tension generated by tensioning the prestressed cables 1-1.

[0078] The prestressed cable 1-1 passes through and is connected to the inner cavity of the first large floating body 2-1, the second large floating body 2-2, the rubber fender 1-5, and the steering block 1-3. The end of the prestressed cable 1-1 is fixedly connected to the anchor device 1-4. Under normal sea conditions, the tension of the prestressed cable 1-1 after tensioning makes the adjacent first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 fit tightly. When the adjacent first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 are relatively displaced under the action of waves and currents, the restoring force of the prestressed cable 1-1 and the pre-tensioned cable 1-2 makes the two large floating bodies fit together again. Under severe sea conditions, the constraint of the anchor device 1-4 on the prestressed cable 1-1 can be released to release its tension.

[0079] The pre-stressed cable 1-2 passes through and communicates with the inner cavity of the first large floating body 2-1, the second large floating body 2-2, the rubber fender 1-5, and the steering block 1-3, and the end of the pre-stressed cable 1-2 is fixedly connected to the anchor device 1-4. Under normal sea conditions, the pre-stressed cable 1-2 is in a slightly pre-tensioned state (i.e., the pre-stressed cable 1-2 is kept straight). When the relative displacement of the adjacent first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 increases, the pre-stressed cable 1-2 is further tensioned to provide additional tension for the adjacent first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2, and assist the prestressed cable 1-1 to ensure the fitting connection between the adjacent first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2; under severe sea conditions, the length of the pre-stressed cable 1-2 can be adjusted to make it in a relaxed state, so as to ensure that the adjacent first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 are in a non-separated and non-fitting connection state.

[0080] A prestressed tensioning device comprises two steering blocks 1-3, wherein the steering blocks 1-3 are respectively arranged at the positions of the prestressed cable 1-1 and the prestressed cable 1-2 whose laying directions need to be changed, and are fixedly connected to the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 by welding or casting; the steering blocks 1-3 are used to ensure that the prestressed cable 1-1 and the prestressed cable 1-2 can smoothly adjust the force direction under the action of dynamic loads, so as to prevent the relative micro-movement between the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 caused by environmental loads such as waves and currents.

[0081] A prestressed tensioning device includes multiple anchoring devices 1-4 (one prestressed cable 1-1 corresponds to two anchoring devices 1-4, and one prestressed cable 1-2 corresponds to two anchoring devices 1-4). The anchoring devices 1-4 are located at the two ends of the prestressed cable 1-1 and the prestressed cable 1-2, and are fixedly connected to the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 by bolts, by reinforced concrete casting or steel structure welding. Under normal connection conditions, the anchoring device 1-4 can efficiently transfer the tension provided by the prestressed cable 1-1 in a tensioned state to the large floating body. When the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 have relative displacement, the restoring force provided by the prestressed cable 1-2 in a tensioned state and the prestressed cable 1-1 in a tensioned state are transferred to the two large floating bodies. A tension sensor is provided on the anchoring device 1-4 to monitor the tension of the prestressed cable 1-1 and the prestressed cable 1-2 in real time, and the prestressed cable 1-1 and the prestressed cable 1-2 can be tensioned for the second time through the anchoring device 1-4 to adjust the tension.

[0082] The rubber fender 1-5 is arranged on the outside of the connection gap between the adjacent first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2, that is, the rubber fender 1-5 is respectively arranged on the edges of the upper structures of the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2, and is fixedly connected to the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 by bolts. When the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 collide or rub against each other, the rubber fender 1-5 can effectively absorb and dissipate kinetic energy, protect the main structure such as the platform or deck of the floating body, and reduce the impact of the impact force on the structure of the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2.

[0083] Further preferably, the outer layer of the rubber fender 1-5 is also provided with a wear-resistant protective layer to improve the durability of the fender and prevent aging and damage caused by long-term mechanical friction. If necessary, the rubber fender 1-5 can be combined with a built-in metal skeleton or reinforced fiber material to further improve its compression resistance and service life.

[0084] The layout of the prestressed tensioning device can be optimized according to the size of the floating body and the use environment. By arranging multiple prestressed tensioning devices, a better connection effect can be achieved, forming an overall connection system with strong dynamic adaptability and excellent impact resistance. Figure 4 As shown, the prestressed tensioning device between the two opposite surfaces of two adjacent large floating bodies is arranged as an upper and lower layer, and each layer contains a plurality of prestressed tensioning devices arranged evenly at intervals. More preferably, the axes of the prestressed cables and prestressed cables of the multiple prestressed tensioning devices in each layer are in the same plane. In this example, a prestressed tensioning device is also provided between the sides of two adjacent large floating bodies.

[0085] The limiting cables 3 are arranged in two layers, upper and lower, and are respectively fixed to the mooring piles 4 of the bottom plate of the lower pontoon of the adjacent first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 and the mooring piles of the top plate; each layer of limiting cables contains multiple strands of limiting cables arranged in a staggered manner in a side-by-side manner (for example, multiple strands of limiting cables can be connected side by side first, and then two strands of limiting cables can be cross-connected at the diagonal position of the two adjacent strands of limiting cables), so as to effectively limit the relative displacement range of the lower pontoons of the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2, avoid the lower pontoons from having too large a relative distance due to environmental loads such as waves and currents, and ensure the overall stability of the system. In severe sea conditions or emergencies, if the prestressed tensioning device fails, the limiting cables 3 can independently assume the basic restraining role to prevent the first large floating body 2-1 and the second large floating body 2-2 from being completely separated, thereby maintaining the basic connection state of the large floating bodies.

[0086] In the present invention, when installing the large floating body connection system, the steering block is embedded in the inner wall of the upper structure of the large floating body, a cavity is reserved in the inner wall of the upper structure, and then the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable are arranged, and the rubber fender is arranged on the outside of the connection gap of the upper structure of the adjacent large floating bodies according to the arrangement position, and the limit cable is fixed to the mooring pile of the bottom plate of the lower pontoon of the adjacent large floating body and the mooring pile of the top plate; one end of the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable is fixed in the second large floating body, and then tension is applied to the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable in the first large floating body, so that the two large floating bodies are initially fitted together; the prestressed cable is tensioned, and then fixed to the large floating body through an anchoring device so that the prestressed cable always maintains this tension, so as to achieve close fitting of the adjacent large floating bodies; and a certain tension is applied to the pre-tensioned cable to put it in an initial tension state (to ensure that the pre-tensioned cable is not loose), so that it can provide the required restoring force in subsequent operation.

[0087] In the present invention, the prestressed cable, pre-tensioned cable, steering block, anchor device, rubber fender, and limit cable need to be inspected regularly to evaluate the tension state of the prestressed cable, the fixing state of the anchor device, the wear degree of the steering block, the wear degree of the pre-tensioned cable, the wear degree of the rubber fender, the corrosion degree of the limit cable, etc., and possible looseness, damage or fatigue problems are found through inspection, and the inspection results are recorded. When the prestressed cable 1-1 and the pre-tensioned cable 1-2 need to be maintained or replaced, it has extremely high operational flexibility and safety. The system allows part of the prestressed tensioning device to be replaced at any time without disassembling all the devices at the same time. After the replacement is completed, the replaced prestressed tensioning device is re-debugged, including adjusting the tension of the prestressed cable to the design value, checking the fixing state of the anchor point, and verifying whether the steering block and the pre-tensioned cable function normally. In the present invention, when some prestressed cables 1-1 and pre-tensioned cables 1-2 fail or are temporarily removed, the remaining prestressed cables 1-1 and pre-tensioned cables 1-2 can still ensure a stable connection between the large floating bodies, thereby providing safety protection for maintenance operations and avoiding the risk of large floating body drifting due to complete disconnection.

[0088] When encountering severe sea conditions, in order to prevent the system from suffering irreversible damage or failure under overload conditions, the system allows the operator to actively disconnect all prestressed cables 1-1 from the anchoring device, leaving only the pre-stressed cables 1-2 and the limiting cables 3 to function (adjust the length of the pre-stressed cables 1-2 to make them in a relaxed state, and do not perform any operation on the limiting cables 3). In this case, the pre-stressed cables 1-2 and the limiting cables 3 can provide basic floating body connection protection and limit excessive displacement between large floating bodies.

[0089] After the severe sea conditions are over, the operator can apply tension to the pre-tensioned cable 1-2 and the limit cable 3 according to the actual situation to restore the adjacent large floating bodies to the connected and fitted state and reinstall the tensioned prestressed cable 1-1 to the normal tensioned state, thereby restoring the system to the operating state under normal sea conditions. The whole process is simple and efficient, which fully reflects the easy maintenance and adaptability of the design of the present invention. Through this design, the system has higher operational flexibility and environmental adaptability when facing complex marine environments, providing more reliable guarantees for the long-term operation of the offshore floating system.

[0090] In summary, the large floating body connection system of the present invention has a reasonable structural design, diverse functions, and significant stability and adaptability. The system achieves a tight connection of large floating bodies through the tensioning effect of the prestressed cable 1-1 and the limiting effect of the pre-tensioned cable 1-2, significantly reduces the relative movement between large floating bodies, and improves the overall safety and wind and wave resistance of the connection system. At the same time, the system of the present invention has excellent buffering performance, can effectively absorb impact force, and reduce local stress concentration. In addition, the connection, maintenance and replacement of the present invention are simple to operate, with low operating costs, and can ensure basic connection safety even in severe sea conditions, with extremely high reliability and applicability. The system is particularly suitable for the connection of large floating bodies at sea, and can significantly improve the stability and safety of operations in deep sea areas, providing important technical support for the fields of marine engineering and offshore energy development, and facilitating the efficient development and sustainable utilization of marine resources.

[0091] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred implementations, and the specific implementation of the present invention cannot be considered to be limited to these descriptions. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large floating body connection system, characterized in that: Used to connect two adjacent first large floating bodies and second large floating bodies at sea, the large floating body connection system includes a plurality of prestressed tensioning devices and a plurality of limit cables, the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices connect the upper structures of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, and the plurality of limit cables connect the lower buoyancy boxes of the first large floating body and the second large floating body; each of the prestressed tensioning devices includes a prestressed cable and a prestressed cable arranged side by side; the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices are configured to maintain a close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body under normal sea conditions; the plurality of prestressed tensioning devices are also configured to release the tensioning state of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable when the first large floating body and the second large floating body cannot maintain a close connection under severe sea conditions, so as to achieve a non-close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body; the plurality of The prestressed tensioning devices are arranged in an array, and each of the prestressed tensioning devices also includes a steering block, an anchoring device and a fender. The prestressed cables and prestressed cables are multi-strand and are arranged in parallel side by side. The fenders are respectively fixed to the edges of the upper structures of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, and the steering blocks and the anchoring devices are respectively fixed to the inside of the first large floating body and the second large floating body; one end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable passes through the fender on the first large floating body, extends into the inside of the first large floating body, passes through the inner cavity of the steering block in the first large floating body, and is then connected to the anchoring device in the first large floating body; the other end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable passes through the fender on the second large floating body, extends into the inside of the second large floating body, passes through the inner cavity of the steering block in the second large floating body, and is then connected to the anchoring device in the second large floating body; The length of the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable extending into the first large floating body or the second large floating body is 0.1-0.2 times the length of the first large floating body or the second large floating body; The steering block is arranged at the position on the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable where the laying direction needs to be changed, so as to ensure that the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable can smoothly adjust the force direction under the action of dynamic load; the anchoring device is arranged at the end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable; a tension sensor is installed on the anchoring device, and the tension sensor is connected to the end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable, so as to monitor and feedback the tension of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable in real time.

2. The large floating body connection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting cables are arranged in two layers, upper and lower, and are respectively fixed to the mooring piles on the bottom plate and the mooring piles on the top plate of the lower pontoon of the first large floating body and the second large floating body; the multiple limiting cables in each layer of limiting cables are arranged in a side-by-side staggered manner; the limiting cables are used to limit the relative displacement range of the lower pontoon of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, and assume a basic restraining role when the prestressed tensioning device fails, to prevent the first large floating body and the second large floating body from being completely separated.

3. The large floating body connection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed tensioning device between the two opposite surfaces of the first large floating body and the second large floating body is arranged in two layers, each layer containing a plurality of prestressed tensioning devices evenly spaced apart.

4. The large floating body connection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The axes of the prestressed cables and prestressed wires of the multiple prestressed tensioning devices in each layer are in the same plane.

5. The large floating body connection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of prestressed tensioning devices are configured to maintain a close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body under normal sea conditions, which means: (1) When the first large floating body and the second large floating body are subjected to environmental loads and an external force of relative separation is generated along the axial direction of the prestressed cable or the prestressed cable: when the external force is less than or equal to the initial tension provided by the prestressed cable, the large floating body connection system will offset the external force and keep the first large floating body and the second large floating body in a close fit state; when the external force exceeds the initial tension of the prestressed cable, the fenders in the large floating body connection system may undergo a slight relative separation displacement. At this time, the large floating body connection system offsets the external force by increasing the tension of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable, so that the first large floating body and the second large floating body are always in a close fit state; (2) When the first large floating body and the second large floating body are relatively close to each other and squeezed along the axis direction of the prestressed cable or the prestressed cable, the large floating body connection system absorbs and dissipates the kinetic energy generated thereby through the fenders, thereby protecting the upper structures of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, so that they continue to remain in a close fit; (3) When the first large floating body and the second large floating body generate a linear displacement in a lateral or vertical relative displacement along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the prestressed cable or the pre-tensioned cable, if the connection state at this time is close fitting, the fender provides the main friction force to resist the relative displacement; if the connection state at this time is relatively separated, the prestressed tensioning device resists the relative displacement between the first large floating body and the second large floating body through the restoring force of the prestressed cable and the pre-tensioned cable until the first large floating body and the second large floating body return to the close fitting state; (4) When there is a rotational angular displacement between the first large floating body and the second large floating body in the front plane, the lateral plane or the vertical plane, the prestressed tensioning device resists the rotational angle through the restoring force of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable, so that the first large floating body and the second large floating body maintain or restore the fitting state.

6. The large floating body connection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of prestressed tensioning devices are further configured to release the tensioning state of the prestressed cables and the prestressed cables when the first large floating body and the second large floating body cannot maintain a close connection under severe sea conditions, so as to achieve a non-close connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body, which means: In severe sea conditions, all the prestressed cables are disconnected from the first large floating body or the second large floating body, the prestressed cables are adjusted to be in a relaxed state, and the non-fitting connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body is achieved by relying on the prestressed cables and the limiting cables; The multiple prestressed tensioning devices are also configured to restore the large floating body connection system to an operating state under normal sea conditions by applying tension to the prestressed cables to restore the first large floating body and the second large floating body to a connected and fitted state and reinstall the prestressed cables after the severe sea conditions end.

7. A method for using the large floating body connection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Connecting the limiting cables to the lower buoyancy boxes of the first large floating body and the second large floating body; (2) connecting one end of the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable in the prestressed tensioning device to the upper structure of one of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, and applying tension to the prestressed cable and the prestressed cable in the other of the first large floating body and the second large floating body, so that the first large floating body and the second large floating body are initially fitted together; (3) tensioning the prestressed cable and maintaining a predetermined tension on the prestressed cable so that the first large floating body and the second large floating body are closely fitted, and applying a predetermined tension to the prestressed cable so that the prestressed cable is in an initial tension state; (4) When the prestressed tensioning device needs to be maintained or replaced, part of the prestressed tensioning device is allowed to be replaced at any time; in the event that part of the prestressed tensioning device fails or is temporarily removed, the remaining prestressed tensioning devices can still ensure a stable connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body; (5) when encountering severe sea conditions, releasing the tension of the prestressed cables and the pre-tensioned cables to achieve a non-fitting connection between the first large floating body and the second large floating body; (6) After the severe sea condition ends, tension is applied to the prestressed cable to restore the first large buoy and the second large buoy to a close fit state and the prestressed cable is re-tensioned to restore the large buoy connection system to an operating state under normal sea conditions.

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