Olive-shaped drilling rig

Abstract

The invention discloses an olive-shaped drilling device, relates to the field of drilling of soil layers or rocks, and aims to provide a drilling device with a built-in power mechanism. According to the technical scheme, the olive-shaped drilling device comprises a center shaft, a shell and a motor, the shell is installed on the outer side of the center shaft and can rotate around the center shaft, the shell is in an olive shape on any section passing through the axis of the shell, a spiral serrated knife is arranged on the outer surface of the shell, and the center shaft is in sealing fit with the shell. A pointed cone is arranged at the front end of the center shaft, the rear end of the center shaft is connected with a comprehensive pipeline in a sealed mode, a motor is fixedly installed on the center shaft, located in the shell and in transmission fit with the shell, and the center shaft is further provided with a high-voltage cable supplying power to the motor and arranged in the comprehensive pipeline. The motor is arranged in the shell, a power mechanism does not need to be arranged outside a hole, torque is not required to be transmitted through the drill rod, the drilling difficulty is reduced, the rotating speed is increased, and the drilling cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of soil layer or rock drilling, in particular to an olive-shaped drilling device. Background Art

[0002] The existing drilling device includes a power mechanism located on the surface, a drill bit located in the hole, and a drill rod that transmits and connects the power mechanism and the drill bit. For example, the patent with application publication number CN 118895926 A discloses a drilling device for geological exploration, in which a drill bit is installed at the bottom of the drill rod, the power mechanism is connected to the drill rod through a gear set, and the power mechanism is located on the surface. The existing drilling device has some limitations. The drill rod plays the role of transmitting torque, so the holes can only be arranged along a straight line; in addition, the existing power mechanism is large in size and heavy in weight, and the power mechanism cannot be built into the drill bit, and drilling cannot be performed along non-linear holes, such as small radius arc holes and spiral holes. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides an olive-shaped drilling device, and aims to provide a drilling device with a built-in power mechanism.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an olive-shaped drilling device, including a central shaft, a shell and a motor, the shell is installed on the outside of the central shaft, the axis of the shell coincides with the axis of the central shaft, the shell can rotate around its axis, the shell is olive-shaped on any cross-section passing through its axis, the outer surface of the shell is provided with a spiral tooth cutter, the front and rear ends of the central shaft are respectively exposed at the front and rear ends of the shell, the central shaft and the shell are sealed, the front end of the central shaft is provided with a pointed cone, the rear end of the central shaft is sealed and connected to an integrated pipeline, the central shaft is fixedly installed with a motor, the motor is located inside the shell, the output shaft of the motor is matched with the shell for transmission, the central shaft is also provided with a high-voltage cable for powering the motor, and the high-voltage cable is arranged in the integrated pipeline.

[0005] The rotation of the outer shell and the squeezing of the rock and soil will generate a large amount of heat. In order to spray water to cool the outer shell, further: the shaft section where the central axis is exposed at the front end of the outer shell and a front water spray hole is provided near the outer shell. The front water spray hole is connected to a water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is laid in the integrated pipeline.

[0006] In order to adjust the drilling direction, further: the central axis is exposed at the shaft section at the rear end of the shell and a rear spray hole is provided near the shell. There are multiple rear spray holes and they are arranged radially along the central axis. The pipes of each rear spray hole are passed through the integrated pipeline.

[0007] In order to improve the stability of the central axis, further: the shaft section of the central axis exposed at the front end of the shell has a non-circular cross section. For example, the tip of the central axis is a pyramid.

[0008] The shell is made of a material with sufficient strength and hardness. In order to ensure the strength and hardness of the shell and enhance the integrity of the shell and the toothed cutter, specifically: the shell is made of titanium alloy, tungsten carbide or polymer material, and the toothed cutter and the shell are integrally cast.

[0009] The integrated pipeline is made of materials with high tensile strength, insulation, high temperature resistance and abrasion resistance. Specifically: The integrated pipeline is a multi-layer structure with an insulating outer skin.

[0010] In order to directly observe the strata, further, the shaft section of the central axis exposed at the rear end of the shell is also provided with a lighting device and a television device, and the low-voltage cables of the lighting device and the television device are arranged in the integrated pipeline. In order to fully observe the strata, further, at least two sets of lighting devices and at least two television devices are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the central axis.

[0011] In order to facilitate the detection of the strata, further: the central axis is also installed with at least one of the three devices: an in-hole acoustic wave device, an in-hole electromagnetic wave device and a ground stress testing device, and the installed device is located inside the outer shell, and the cable of the installed device is arranged in the integrated pipeline.

[0012] In order to automatically and in real time obtain the video, wave velocity, integrity, groundwater, ground stress, surrounding rock level and other data of the stratum, further steps are taken: the central axis is equipped with an in-hole acoustic wave device, an in-hole electromagnetic wave device and a ground stress testing device, the central axis is also equipped with a controller, the lighting device, the TV device, the in-hole acoustic wave device, the in-hole electromagnetic wave device and the ground stress testing device are all connected to the controller by telecommunications, and the communication optical cable of the controller is laid in the integrated pipeline.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the front end of the central axis is inserted into the hole, the central axis remains fixed, and the motor drives the housing to rotate around its axis, that is, the motor drives the housing to rotate around the central axis. The outer wall of the housing is provided with a spiral tooth cutter, and the housing rotates. Under the action of the spiral tooth cutter, the housing squeezes the surrounding rock and soil outward on the one hand, while allowing part of the rock and soil to enter the rear side of the housing, and on the other hand, the housing pushes the central axis forward to achieve drilling of the hole. The present invention places the motor inside the housing, and there is no need to set a power mechanism outside the hole, and the torque is transmitted through the drill rod, which reduces the difficulty of drilling, increases the speed of rotation, and saves the cost of drilling. The present invention also avoids the limitation that the holes to be drilled must be arranged along a straight line, and the drilling trajectory can be flexibly arranged, providing a reference for tunnel design and construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the olive-shaped drilling device of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Front view of the illustrated implementation.

[0016] Figure numerals: central axis 1, pointed cone 1-1, front water spray hole 1-2, rear spray hole 1-3, outer shell 2, tooth cutter 2-1, motor 3, integrated pipeline 4, lighting device 5, TV device 6, in-hole sound wave device 7, in-hole electromagnetic wave device 8, ground stress testing device 9, controller 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the olive-shaped drilling device of the present invention includes a central shaft 1, a shell 2 and a motor 3. The shell 2 is installed on the outer side of the central shaft 1. The axis of the shell 2 coincides with the axis of the central shaft 1. The shell 2 can rotate around its axis. The shell 2 is olive-shaped on any cross-section passing through its axis. The front and rear ends of the central shaft 1 are respectively exposed at the front and rear ends of the shell 2. The central shaft 1 and the shell 2 are sealed to form a closed cavity inside the shell 2.

[0019] The front end of the central axis 1 is provided with a pointed cone 1-1, which is used to be inserted into the rock and soil. During the drilling process, the central axis 1 slowly moves forward along the drilling direction without rotating around its axis. In order to improve the stability of the central axis 1 and prevent the central axis 1 from rotating around its axis, the shaft section of the central axis 1 exposed at the front end of the outer shell 2 is non-circular in cross section. The shaft section of the central axis 1 exposed at the front end of the outer shell 2 is non-circular in cross section, which not only increases the resistance to the rotation of the central axis 1, but also reduces the resistance of the pointed cone 1-1 at the front end of the central axis 1 to penetrate into the rock and soil, that is, reduces the resistance of the central axis 1 to move along the drilling direction. For example, the pointed cone 1-1 of the central axis 1 is a pyramid.

[0020] The rear end of the central axis 1 is sealed and connected with an integrated pipeline 4, which is a channel for the olive-shaped drilling device to communicate with the outside world. The integrated pipeline 4 is generally a hose and has the characteristics of high abrasion resistance, high tensile strength, high pressure resistance, high temperature resistance, and high insulation. The integrated pipeline 4 is generally a multi-layer structure and has an insulating outer skin. For example, the integrated pipeline 4 includes an inner composite pipe body and an outer transparent hose. The transparent hose is made of a material with high tensile strength, high temperature resistance, and high abrasion resistance. The transparent hose is formed by splicing two semicircular transparent hoses, and the splicing seam is zigzag-shaped. The two ends of the transparent hose are also spliced ​​and lengthened with zigzag splicing seams.

[0021] The central shaft 1 is fixedly mounted with a motor 3, which is located inside the housing 2. The output shaft of the motor 3 is in transmission cooperation with the housing 2, that is, the motor 3 can drive the housing 2 to rotate around the central shaft 1. The central shaft 1 is also provided with a high-voltage cable for supplying power to the motor 3, and the high-voltage cable is arranged in the integrated pipeline 4. The outer sheath of the high-voltage cable is made of a material with high abrasion resistance, high temperature resistance, high tensile strength, high pressure resistance, and high insulation.

[0022] The outer surface of the housing 2 is provided with a spiral toothed cutter 2-1, such as Figure 2 As shown. The olive-shaped drilling device is placed in the hole, the pointed cone 1-1 at the front end of the central axis 1 is inserted into the rock and soil at the bottom of the hole, the central axis 1 remains fixed, and the motor 3 drives the shell 2 to rotate around the central axis 1. The outer wall of the shell 2 is provided with a spiral tooth cutter 2-1. When the shell 2 rotates, under the action of the spiral tooth cutter 2-1, on the one hand, the shell 2 squeezes the rock and soil around the shell 2 outward along the radial direction of the central axis 1, and at the same time, part of the rock and soil enters the rear side of the shell 2; on the other hand, the rock and soil exerts a reaction force on the tooth cutter 2-1, pushing the shell 2 and the central axis 1 forward, thereby achieving the drilling of the hole.

[0023] The shell 2 rotates and squeezes the rock and soil, which will generate a lot of heat. Therefore, the shell 2 needs to be made of a high-temperature resistant material. The shell 2 is made of a material with sufficient strength and hardness. In order to ensure the strength and hardness of the shell 2 and enhance the integrity of the shell 2 and the tooth cutter 2-1, the shell 2 is made of titanium alloy, tungsten carbide or polymer material, and the tooth cutter 2-1 is cast integrally with the shell 2. For the heat generated by the shell 2 rotating and squeezing the rock and soil, the rock and soil and the water inside it will absorb part of the heat. In order to spray water to cool the shell 2, the shaft section of the central axis 1 exposed at the front end of the shell 2 and close to the shell 2 is provided with a front water spray hole 1-2, which is connected to a water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is penetrated in the integrated pipeline 4. There is at least one front water spray hole 1-2. When there are multiple front water spray holes 1-2, they can be arranged at intervals along the annular direction of the central axis 1. After the front water spray hole 1-2 sprays water, it can not only cool the shell 2, but also soften the rock and soil around the shell 2 to a certain extent to reduce the difficulty of drilling.

[0024] The olive-shaped drilling device can drill in a straight line. In order to adjust the drilling direction of the olive-shaped drilling device, for example, to drill along a small radius arc hole and a spiral hole, the olive-shaped drilling device also includes a mechanism for adjusting the direction of the pointed cone 1-1 at the front end of the central axis 1. For example, see Figure 1, the central axis 1 is exposed at the shaft section of the rear end of the shell 2 and is provided with a rear spray hole 1-3 near the shell 2. There are multiple rear spray holes 1-3 and they are arranged along the radial direction of the central axis 1. The pipelines of each rear spray hole 1-3 are passed through the integrated pipeline 4. The medium sprayed out by the rear spray hole 1-3 can be compressed air or water. After the rear spray hole 1-3 sprays water or air, the reaction force of the spray deflects the central axis 1. Each rear spray hole 1-3 can be connected to different pipelines respectively, or each rear spray hole 1-3 is connected to a pipeline through a branch pipe, and a valve is provided on the branch pipe. When the medium sprayed out by the rear spray hole 1-3 is water, the pipeline of the rear spray hole 1-3 and the water supply pipe of the front water spray hole 1-2 can share a pipeline.

[0025] In order to facilitate direct observation of the strata, the shaft section of the central axis 1 exposed at the rear end of the shell 2 is also provided with a lighting device 5 and a television device 6, and the low-voltage cables of the lighting device 5 and the television device 6 are arranged in the integrated pipeline 4. The lighting device 5 and the television device 6 are arranged at the rear end of the shell 2, which can reduce the abrasion of the lighting device 5 and the television device 6 by the rock and soil. The outer sheath of the low-voltage cable is made of materials with high abrasion resistance, high temperature resistance, high tensile strength, high pressure resistance and high insulation. In order to fully observe the strata and avoid blind spots, there are at least two sets of lighting devices 5 and at least two television devices 6, and each set of lighting devices 5 and television devices 6 are arranged at intervals along the peripheral direction of the central axis 1. The lighting device 5 and the television device 6 respectively adopt a compound eye structure, which can reduce the number and avoid blind spots in lighting and observation. The direction of the spray from the rear nozzle 1-3 is preferably toward the lighting device 5 and the television device 6, so that the lighting device 5 and the television device 6 can be cleaned.

[0026] In order to facilitate the detection of the stratum, the central axis 1 is also installed with at least one of the three devices, namely, an in-hole acoustic wave device 7, an in-hole electromagnetic wave device 8 and a ground stress test device 9, and the installed device is located inside the housing 2, and the cables of the installed device are arranged in the integrated pipeline 4. The central axis 1 is generally installed with the in-hole acoustic wave device 7, the in-hole electromagnetic wave device 8 and the ground stress test device 9 at the same time. In order to automatically and in real time obtain the video, wave velocity, integrity, groundwater, ground stress, surrounding rock level and other data of the stratum, the central axis 1 is also installed with a controller 10, and the lighting device 5, the television device 6, the in-hole acoustic wave device 7, the in-hole electromagnetic wave device 8 and the ground stress test device 9 are all connected to the controller 10 by telecommunications, and the communication optical cable of the controller 10 is passed through the integrated pipeline 4. The outer sheath of the communication optical cable is made of materials with high abrasion resistance, high temperature resistance, high tensile strength, high pressure resistance and high insulation.

Claims

1. Olive-shaped drilling device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a central shaft (1), a shell (2) and a motor (3). The shell (2) is installed on the outer side of the central shaft (1). The axis of the shell (2) coincides with the axis of the central shaft (1). The shell (2) can rotate around its axis. The shell (2) is olive-shaped on any cross section passing through its axis. The outer surface of the shell (2) is provided with a spiral toothed cutter (2-1). The front and rear ends of the central shaft (1) are respectively exposed at the front and rear ends of the shell (2). The central shaft (1) and the shell (2) are sealed. The front end of the central shaft (1) is provided with a pointed cone (1-1). The rear end of the central shaft (1) is sealed and connected with an integrated pipeline (4). The central shaft (1) is fixedly installed with a motor (3). The motor (3) is located inside the shell (2). The output shaft of the motor (3) is transmission-matched with the shell (2). The central shaft (1) is also provided with a high-voltage cable for supplying power to the motor (3). The high-voltage cable is arranged in the integrated pipeline (4).

2. The olive-shaped drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central axis (1) is exposed at the shaft section of the front end of the outer shell (2) and a front water spray hole (1-2) is provided near the outer shell (2). The front water spray hole (1-2) is connected to a water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is passed through the integrated pipeline (4).

3. The olive-shaped drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central axis (1) is exposed at the shaft section of the rear end of the outer shell (2) and a rear spray hole (1-3) is provided near the outer shell (2). The rear spray holes (1-3) are multiple and arranged along the radial direction of the central axis (1). The pipelines of each rear spray hole (1-3) are passed through the integrated pipeline (4).

4. The olive-shaped drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft section of the central shaft (1) exposed at the front end of the housing (2) is non-circular in cross section.

5. The olive-shaped drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (2) is made of titanium alloy, tungsten carbide or polymer material, and the toothed cutter (2-1) and the shell (2) are integrally cast.

6. The olive-shaped drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated pipeline (4) is a multi-layer structure and has an insulating outer sheath.

7. The olive-shaped drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The shaft section of the central shaft (1) exposed at the rear end of the housing (2) is also provided with a lighting device (5) and a television device (6), and the low-voltage cables of the lighting device (5) and the television device (6) are arranged in the integrated pipeline (4).

8. The olive-shaped drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are at least two sets of lighting devices (5) and at least two sets of television devices (6), and each set of lighting devices (5) and television devices (6) are arranged at intervals along the peripheral direction of the central axis (1).

9. The olive-shaped drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The central axis (1) is also installed with at least one of three devices: an in-hole acoustic wave device (7), an in-hole electromagnetic wave device (8) and a ground stress testing device (9), and the installed device is located inside the outer shell (2), and the cables of the installed device are arranged in the integrated pipeline (4).

10. The olive-shaped drilling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The central axis (1) is equipped with an in-hole acoustic wave device (7), an in-hole electromagnetic wave device (8) and a ground stress test device (9). The central axis (1) is also equipped with a controller (10). The lighting device (5), the television device (6), the in-hole acoustic wave device (7), the in-hole electromagnetic wave device (8) and the ground stress test device (9) are all connected to the controller (10) by telecommunication. The communication optical cable of the controller (10) is laid in the integrated pipeline (4).

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