Laser measuring device for tunnel deformation

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser measurement device for tunnel deformation, which belongs to the technical field of tunnel deformation measurement and comprises a sliding rail longitudinally arranged along one side of a tunnel, a sliding seat in sliding fit with the sliding rail, a vertical telescopic rod mounted on the sliding seat and a telescopic detection device mounted at the output end of the upper part of the vertical telescopic rod, the sliding seat can move in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the vertical telescopic rod can drive the telescopic detection device to move in the vertical direction; the telescopic detection device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a near-end supporting plate, a far-end supporting plate and a plurality of groups of fork rod assemblies arranged in the transverse direction, each fork rod assembly is formed by hinging a first fork rod and a second fork rod in the middle, and the upper end of the upper group of first fork rod and the upper end of the lower group of second fork rod are hinged to form an upper hinge point; and the lower ends of the upper group of second fork rods are hinged with the lower ends of the lower group of first fork rods to form lower hinge points. The device can meet the large-scale monitoring requirement in the tunnel, and the measurement efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel deformation measurement, and in particular relates to a laser measurement device for tunnel deformation. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of global urbanization, transportation infrastructure construction has reached a climax, and a large number of railway, highway, and subway tunnels have been planned and built. The geological conditions of the tunnels are complex and diverse. During the construction period, the surrounding rock mass is disturbed by excavation, blasting and other operations, which can easily cause the tunnel surrounding rock to loosen and collapse. During the operation stage, the tunnel structure is deformed due to the long-term vibration load caused by the running of trains and cars, as well as the influence of groundwater leakage and mountain creep. Once these deformations exceed the safety threshold, it is very likely to cause lining cracks and uneven tracks, endangering driving safety. Therefore, accurate and real-time monitoring of tunnel deformation is imminent. Traditional level instruments combined with total stations are commonly used to measure tunnel deformation, but the level instrument is cumbersome to operate and needs to be installed and measured point by point, which is inefficient and difficult to meet the needs of large-scale monitoring of long tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a laser measurement device for tunnel deformation, which can meet the large-scale monitoring needs in tunnels and has high measurement efficiency.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses a laser measurement device for tunnel deformation, comprising a slide rail arranged longitudinally along one side of the tunnel, a slide seat slidably matched with the slide rail, a vertical telescopic rod installed on the slide seat, and a telescopic detection device installed at the upper output end of the vertical telescopic rod, wherein the slide seat can be displaced along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the vertical telescopic rod can drive the telescopic detection device to be displaced vertically; the telescopic detection device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a proximal support plate, a distal support plate, and a plurality of groups of fork rod assemblies arranged transversely, wherein the fork rod assembly is formed by a first fork rod and a second fork rod being hinged in the middle, the upper end of the first fork rod of the upper group is hinged with the upper end of the second fork rod of the lower group to form an upper hinge point, and the upper group of the second fork rods are connected to each other at the same time. The lower end of the rod is hinged with the lower end of the first fork rod of the next group to form a lower hinge point; the proximal support plate is fixed to the output end of the vertical telescopic rod, and a proximal slide groove is provided on the proximal support plate, and the proximal slide groove slides with the lower end of the first fork rod of the first group of fork rod assemblies; the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the proximal support plate and the output end is connected to the lower end of the first fork rod of the first group of fork rod assemblies; a distal slide groove is provided on the distal support plate, and the distal slide groove slides with the lower end of the second fork rod of the last group of fork rod assemblies; an upper support rod is installed at the upper hinge point, and a laser sensor is installed on the upper side of the upper support rod; a lower support rod is installed at the lower hinge point, and an elastic support assembly is installed on the lower side of the lower support rod.

[0005] Furthermore, a hollow upper slideway is formed on the inner side of the upper support rod, an upper slide sleeve is slidably arranged on the outer side of the upper support rod, an open groove is opened on the surface of the upper support rod, an upper slider is slidably arranged in the upper slideway, an upper limit block is fixed on the upper slider, the upper limit block passes through the open groove and is fixedly connected to the upper slide sleeve, and the laser sensor is fixed on the upper slide sleeve.

[0006] Furthermore, a displacement driving device for controlling the axial displacement of the upper slider along the upper support rod is installed on the inner side of the upper support rod, a steering gear is fixedly connected to the upper hinge point, and an output end of the steering gear is connected to the upper support rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the elastic support assembly includes a lower sleeve, an outer rod, an inner rod, a spring, a bracket and a universal wheel. The outer side of the lower support rod is slidably provided with a lower sleeve, the upper end of the outer rod is fixedly connected to the lower sleeve, the upper end of the inner rod is slidably provided on the lower end of the outer rod, the spring is provided on the inner side of the outer rod, the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the outer rod and the inner rod, the lower end of the inner rod is fixedly connected to the bracket, and a universal wheel is installed on the bracket.

[0008] Furthermore, a hollow lower slide track is formed on the inner side of the lower support rod, an open groove is formed on the surface of the lower support rod, a lower sliding block is slidably arranged in the lower slide track, a lower limit block is fixed on the lower sliding block, and the lower limit block is fixedly connected to the lower sliding sleeve after passing through the open groove, and a displacement driving device for controlling the axial displacement of the lower sliding block along the lower support rod is installed on the inner side of the lower support rod.

[0009] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the side of the tunnel, a rack is installed in the groove, the rack extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the lower end of the slide is rotatably connected to a central axis, a gear and a ratchet are coaxially connected to the central axis, the gear is meshed with the rack, the ratchet cooperates with the pawl, the end of the pawl is rotatably installed on a side support seat, and an elastic support sheet for supporting the pawl is installed on the side support seat.

[0010] Furthermore, a support for supporting the rack is installed in the groove, and a slot for the gear to pass through is opened on the support.

[0011] Furthermore, a cover plate is laid at the opening of the groove, and the cover plates are evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention discloses a laser measurement device for tunnel deformation. By setting a slide rail, the entire telescopic detection device can be conveniently moved along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The laser sensor can scan the tunnel deformation within a certain angle range. At the same time, the telescopic detection device can be extended and retracted in the transverse direction. Multiple groups of laser sensors arranged in the transverse direction can detect various positions in the transverse direction of the tunnel. In conjunction with the longitudinal movement of the slide seat, the large-scale monitoring needs in the tunnel are met, and the measurement efficiency is high.

[0013] In the present invention, the telescopic detection device can be extended and retracted in the transverse direction, which can not only change the transverse detection position of the laser sensor, but also adjust the detection overlap range of two adjacent groups of laser sensors, thereby improving the accuracy of tunnel deformation detection. Since the telescopic adjustment process uses a plurality of groups of fork rod assemblies arranged in the transverse direction, the distance between two adjacent groups of laser sensors can be uniformly adjusted, so that the detection overlap range can be orderly controlled, which is convenient for adjustment and data collection.

[0014] In the device disclosed in the present invention, a lower support rod is installed at the lower hinge point, and an elastic support component is installed on the lower side of the lower support rod. When the telescopic detection device is extended outward, the stability of the entire device during detection can be improved, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection structure.

[0015] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be described in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art to some extent, or those skilled in the art may be taught from the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be achieved through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring device of the present invention when in use; Figure 2 A front view of the measuring device of the present invention when in use; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the measuring device of the present invention; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the upper sliding sleeve; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the coordination between the ratchet and the pawl.

[0017] The markings in the accompanying drawings are as follows: slide rail 1, slide seat 2, vertical telescopic rod 3, proximal support plate 4, distal support plate 5, first fork rod 6, second fork rod 7, upper hinge point 8, lower hinge point 9, proximal slide groove 10, distal slide groove 11, upper support rod 12, laser sensor 13, lower support rod 14, elastic support assembly 15, upper sliding sleeve 16, opening groove 17, upper slider 18, upper limit block 19, servo engine 20, lower sliding sleeve 21, outer rod 22, inner rod 23, bracket 24, universal wheel 25, groove 26, rack 27, center shaft 28, gear 29, ratchet 30, pawl 31, side support seat 32, elastic support sheet 33, support 34, notch 35, cover plate 36. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention discloses a laser measurement device for tunnel deformation, comprising a slide rail 1 longitudinally arranged along one side of the tunnel, a slide seat 2 slidably matched with the slide rail 1, a vertical telescopic rod 3 installed on the slide seat 2, and a telescopic detection device installed at the upper output end of the vertical telescopic rod 3. The tunnel side mentioned here can be the left side of the tunnel or the right side of the tunnel. Being arranged separately on one side can not only facilitate the positioning and adjustment of the slide rail 1, but also reduce site occupation and maintenance. The slide seat 2 can be displaced along the slide rail 1, and the vertical telescopic rod 3 adopts a vertical telescopic cylinder. The vertical telescopic rod 3 is displaced together with the slide seat 2. The vertical telescopic rod 3 can drive the telescopic detection device to move vertically to realize displacement adjustment in the vertical direction, which can be more conducive to the telescopic detection device to detect the deformation of the tunnel at the top.

[0019] Specifically, the telescopic detection device disclosed in the present invention includes a hydraulic cylinder, a proximal support plate 4, a distal support plate 5, and several groups of fork rod assemblies arranged along the transverse direction. The fork rod assembly is formed by a first fork rod 6 and a second fork rod 7 hinged in the middle. The structures of the first fork rod 6 and the second fork rod 7 are exactly the same, the inclination direction of each first fork rod 6 is the same, and the inclination direction of each second fork rod 7 is the same.

[0020] The specific connection method is that the upper end of the upper group of first fork rods 6 is hinged to the upper end of the lower group of second fork rods 7 to form an upper hinge point 8, and the lower end of the upper group of second fork rods 7 is hinged to the lower end of the lower group of first fork rods 6 to form a lower hinge point 9; the proximal support plate 4 is fixed to the output end of the vertical telescopic rod 3, and a proximal slide groove 10 is provided on the proximal support plate 4, and the proximal slide groove 10 is slidably matched with the lower end of the first fork rod 6 of the first group of fork rod components, the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the proximal support plate 4 and the output end is connected to the lower end of the first fork rod 6 of the first group of fork rod components, and the second fork rod 7 of the first group of fork rod components is hinged to the proximal support plate 4.

[0021] Similarly, a distal slide groove 11 is opened on the distal support plate 5, and the distal slide groove 11 is slidably matched with the lower end of the second fork rod 7 of the last group of fork rod assemblies, and the distal slide groove 11 and the upper end of the first fork rod 6 of the last group of fork rod assemblies are hinged to the distal support plate 5; an upper support rod 12 is installed at the upper hinge point 8, and a laser sensor 13 is installed on the upper side of the upper support rod 12; a lower support rod 14 is installed at the lower hinge point 9, and an elastic support assembly 15 is installed on the lower side of the lower support rod 14.

[0022] The working principle and process of the device of the present invention are as follows: When the entire telescopic detection device needs to be moved longitudinally, the slide 2 is slid along the slide rail 1, and the slide 2 is moved to the position in the tunnel where the deformation needs to be detected and then stopped, and then the telescopic detection device is controlled. Since the laser sensor 13 can scan the deformation of the tunnel within a certain angle range, and the telescopic detection device can be extended and retracted in the transverse direction, multiple groups of laser sensors 13 arranged in the transverse direction can detect various positions in the transverse direction of the tunnel. By controlling the extension length of the hydraulic cylinder, the outward extension length of the telescopic detection device can be controlled, which can not only change the transverse detection position of the laser sensor 13, but also adjust the detection overlap range of two adjacent groups of laser sensors 13, thereby improving the accuracy of tunnel deformation detection.

[0023] In this embodiment, a hollow upper slideway is formed on the inner side of the upper support rod 12, and the upper slideway extends along the axial direction of the upper support rod 12. An upper sleeve 16 is slidably provided on the outer side of the upper support rod 12, and an open groove 17 is provided on the surface of the upper support rod 12. An upper slider 18 is slidably provided in the upper slideway. The upper slider 18 is cylindrical, and the outer wall of the upper slider 18 is slidably matched with the inner side of the upper support rod 12. An upper limit block 19 is fixed on the upper slider 18, and the upper limit block 19 is fixedly connected to the upper sleeve 16 after passing through the open groove 17, and the laser sensor 13 is fixed to the upper sleeve 16. The upper sleeve 16 can be moved along the axial direction, so as to adjust the longitudinal position of the laser sensor 13, meet the needs of longitudinal position detection at different positions, and control the longitudinal position and the lateral position more accurately.

[0024] In this embodiment, a displacement driving device for controlling the axial displacement of the upper slider 18 along the upper support rod 12 is installed on the inner side of the upper support rod 12. The displacement driving device includes a motor and a screw. The motor is fixed on the inner side of the upper support rod 12, and the output end of the motor is connected to the screw. The screw is threadedly matched with the upper slider 18. Under the limiting action of the open groove 17, when the screw rotates, the upper support rod 12 can be driven to move axially. A servo 20 is fixedly connected at the upper hinge point 8, and the output end of the servo 20 is connected to the upper support rod 12.

[0025] From the perspective of comprehensive detection, the deformation of the tunnel may occur in different directions and positions. Detection from only one fixed angle can only obtain data in a specific direction, and deformation in other directions may be missed. For example, the tunnel may have a variety of deformations such as top sinking and side wall concave. By changing the detection angle, the different parts of the tunnel such as the arch, waist, side wall, etc. can be scanned. With the laser sensors 13 at different intervals in various places, the deformation state of the tunnel can be monitored more accurately and comprehensively. By setting the steering gear 20, the rotation angle of the upper support rod 12 can be changed to meet the needs of different detection angles.

[0026] In this embodiment, the elastic support assembly 15 includes a lower sleeve 21, an outer rod 22, an inner rod 23, a spring, a bracket 24 and a universal wheel 25. The outer side of the lower support rod 14 is slidably provided with a lower sleeve 21, the upper end of the outer rod 22 is fixedly connected to the lower sleeve 21, the upper end of the inner rod 23 is slidably provided at the lower end of the outer rod 22, the spring is provided at the inner side of the outer rod 22, the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the outer rod 22 and the inner rod 23, the lower end of the inner rod 23 is fixedly connected to the bracket 24, and the universal wheel 25 is installed on the bracket 24. Under the support of the spring, the universal wheel 25 can roll on the ground surface. When an obstacle is needed, the bracket 24 pops up and compresses the spring. The lower end of the bracket 24 is also provided with a laser sensor 13 for detecting ground deformation. The laser sensor 13 can be popped up together with the bracket 24 to avoid interference by obstacles.

[0027] In this embodiment, similar to the upper support rod 12, a hollow lower slide is formed on the inner side of the lower support rod 14 of the present invention, an open groove 17 is opened on the surface of the lower support rod 14, a lower sliding block is slidably arranged in the lower slide, a lower limit block is fixed on the lower sliding block, the lower limit block passes through the open groove 17 and is fixedly connected to the lower sliding sleeve 21, and a displacement driving device for controlling the axial displacement of the lower sliding block along the lower support rod 14 is installed on the inner side of the lower support rod 14.

[0028] In this embodiment, a groove 26 is provided on the side of the tunnel, and a rack 27 is installed in the groove 26. The rack 27 extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The lower end of the slide 2 is rotatably connected to a central shaft 28. A gear 29 and a ratchet 30 are coaxially connected to the central shaft 28. The gear 29 meshes with the rack 27. The ratchet 30 cooperates with the pawl 31. The end of the pawl 31 is rotatably installed on a side support seat 32. An elastic support sheet 33 for supporting the pawl 31 is installed on the side support seat 32. By providing the ratchet 30 and the pawl 31, there will be no obstruction when the slide 2 moves forward. When the slide 2 encounters a slope, the slide 2 is prevented from sliding in the opposite direction. This not only facilitates the operator to control, but also avoids the problem of low detection efficiency caused by repeated detection.

[0029] In this embodiment, a support 34 for supporting the rack 27 is installed in the groove 26, and a notch 35 for the gear 29 to pass through is opened on the support 34 to avoid interference with the gear 29 after movement.

[0030] In this embodiment, a cover plate 36 is laid at the opening of the groove 26, and the cover plate 36 is evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. By setting the cover plate 36, when the device of the present invention is not needed, impurities can be prevented from entering the groove 26, thereby facilitating maintenance of the slide rail 1 and the rack 27.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser measurement device for tunnel deformation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a slide rail arranged longitudinally along one side of the tunnel, a slide seat slidably matched with the slide rail, a vertical telescopic rod installed on the slide seat, and a telescopic detection device installed at the upper output end of the vertical telescopic rod. The slide seat can be displaced longitudinally along the tunnel, and the vertical telescopic rod can drive the telescopic detection device to be displaced vertically. The telescopic detection device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a proximal support plate, a distal support plate, and several groups of fork rod assemblies arranged transversely. The fork rod assembly is formed by hingedly connecting a first fork rod and a second fork rod in the middle. The upper end of the first fork rod of the upper group is hingedly connected to the upper end of the second fork rod of the lower group to form an upper hinge point, and the lower end of the second fork rod of the upper group is hingedly connected to the first fork rod of the lower group The lower end of the fork rod is hinged to form a lower hinge point; the proximal support plate is fixed to the output end of the vertical telescopic rod, and a proximal slide groove is provided on the proximal support plate, and the proximal slide groove is slidably matched with the lower end of the first fork rod of the first group of fork rod assemblies; the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the proximal support plate and the output end is connected to the lower end of the first fork rod of the first group of fork rod assemblies, and a distal slide groove is provided on the distal support plate, and the distal slide groove is slidably matched with the lower end of the second fork rod of the last group of fork rod assemblies; an upper support rod is installed at the upper hinge point, and a laser sensor is installed on the upper side of the upper support rod, and a lower support rod is installed at the lower hinge point, and an elastic support assembly is installed on the lower side of the lower support rod.

2. A laser measurement device for tunnel deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hollow upper slideway is formed on the inner side of the upper support rod, an upper slide sleeve is slidably arranged on the outer side of the upper support rod, an open groove is opened on the surface of the upper support rod, an upper slider is slidably arranged in the upper slideway, an upper limit block is fixed on the upper slider, the upper limit block passes through the open groove and is fixedly connected to the upper slide sleeve, and the laser sensor is fixed on the upper slide sleeve.

3. A laser measurement device for tunnel deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A displacement driving device for controlling the axial displacement of the upper slider along the upper support rod is installed on the inner side of the upper support rod. A steering gear is fixedly connected to the upper hinge point, and an output end of the steering gear is connected to the upper support rod.

4. The laser measurement device for tunnel deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support assembly includes a lower sleeve, an outer rod, an inner rod, a spring, a bracket and a universal wheel. The outer side of the lower support rod is slidably provided with a lower sleeve, the upper end of the outer rod is fixedly connected to the lower sleeve, the upper end of the inner rod is slidably provided on the lower end of the outer rod, the spring is provided on the inner side of the outer rod, the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the outer rod and the inner rod, the lower end of the inner rod is fixedly connected to the bracket, and a universal wheel is installed on the bracket.

5. The laser measurement device for tunnel deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that: A hollow lower slide is formed on the inner side of the lower support rod, an open groove is formed on the surface of the lower support rod, a lower sliding block is slidably arranged in the lower slide, a lower limit block is fixed on the lower sliding block, and the lower limit block is fixedly connected to the lower sliding sleeve after passing through the open groove, and a displacement driving device for controlling the axial displacement of the lower sliding block along the lower support rod is installed on the inner side of the lower support rod.

6. A laser measurement device for tunnel deformation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A groove is provided on the side of the tunnel, a rack is installed in the groove, and the rack extends in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The lower end of the slide is rotatably connected to a central axis, and a gear and a ratchet are coaxially connected to the central axis. The gear is meshed with the rack, and the ratchet cooperates with the pawl. The end of the pawl is rotatably installed on a side support seat, and an elastic support sheet for supporting the pawl is installed on the side support seat.

7. The laser measurement device for tunnel deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A support for supporting the rack is installed in the groove, and a slot for the gear to pass through is opened on the support.

8. The laser measurement device for tunnel deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The opening of the groove is paved with a cover plate, and the cover plates are evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

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